JP3482315B2 - Optometry device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus suitable for obtaining a correction power for correcting the refractive power of an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When prescribing a spectacle lens or the like for correcting the refractive power of an eye to be inspected, after obtaining a perfect correction diopter so as to obtain the maximum visual acuity, before the subject has previously used it. It is important to consider the power of spectacles and prescribe a power suitable for wearing. If the prescription frequency is suddenly increased, it is difficult to get used to and you may feel something strange. Therefore, the prescription frequency is generally determined by emphasizing that the feeling of discomfort is reduced rather than the appearance.

[0003]

However, depending on the subject, there are cases in which the user desires to have a certain degree of visual acuity that requires a certain degree of visual acuity (for example, at the time of obtaining a driver's license, renewal, etc.). With the frequency determined to, the prescription may not meet the demand. It is not easy for an examiner who has little knowledge of optometry or an inexperienced examiner to adjust the perfect correction power to derive the power that secures the visual acuity value desired by the subject.

Further, when the prescription power exceeds the desired visual acuity value, a high visual acuity value may not be required.

In view of the above problems, it is a technical object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus capable of easily obtaining a correction power for a condition desired by a subject and improving examination efficiency.

[0006]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.

(1) In the optometry apparatus for obtaining the correction power for correcting the refractive error of the eye to be inspected, the complete correction power of both eyes and the visual acuity value data of the eye to be corrected when the correction power is corrected are input. Data input means, visual acuity value input means for inputting a visual acuity value desired by the subject, visual acuity desired by the subject based on the inputted visual acuity value, the complete correction power and the visual acuity value at that time. The first to predict the correction frequency to secure the value
The program storing means for storing the program, the program advancing means for advancing the program, the calculating means for obtaining the predicted prescription frequency according to the program, and the display means for displaying the obtained predicted prescription frequency. And

(2) The optometry apparatus of (1) is characterized by further having front eyeglasses input means for inputting the power of the front eyeglasses and the visual acuity value when the front eyeglasses are worn.

(3) The optometry apparatus of (1) is further characterized by having a correction amount storage means for storing a correction amount for adjusting the correction power for the complete correction power as a correction table.

(4) The optometry apparatus of (1) further adjusts the correction power for the complete correction power based on the factor input means for inputting the factor for adjusting the power and the data input to the factor input means. A second program for predicting the prescription frequency and a selection means for selecting which of the first and second programs is to be executed are provided.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view showing the overall configuration of an optometry apparatus as an embodiment.

Reference numeral 1 is an optometry table arranged between examinees and 2 is a subjective refractive power measuring device 2. The subjective-type refractive power measuring device 2 includes a pair of left and right lens units 10 for electrically switching and arranging various optical elements on the optometry window 11, and a suspending portion 12 for suspending the left and right lens units 10. Reference numeral 13 is a near vision table held by a near point rod attached to the hanging portion 12 (removed from the front of the eye during a distance examination).

Reference numeral 3 is an objective eye refractive power measuring device for measuring the eye refractive power based on the fact that the measuring index is projected onto the fundus of the eye to be examined and the projected index image of the fundus is detected by the light receiving means. The objective-type eye-refractive-power measuring device 3 is placed on a movable tray that is slidable on the optometry table 1, and is slid to the central position of the optometry table 1 for the purpose of objective measurement. .

Reference numeral 4 is a projection-type optotype presenting apparatus for presenting an examination optotype. Reference numeral 5 is a controller for operating the subjective refractive power measuring device 2 and the projection optotype presenting device 4, and 6 is a relay unit for relaying communication between the respective devices. A lens meter is connected to the relay unit 6.

FIG. 2 is a view of the controller 5 as viewed from above. Reference numeral 30 is a liquid crystal display for displaying optometry information. A switch unit 31 has the following switches. Reference numeral 32 denotes a setting changeover switch group, which is used to change the display screen of the display 30 to a menu screen.
It has a switch that is used when setting data. 33
Is an optotype switch group for switching the optotypes to be presented by the optotype presenting apparatus 4, 34 is a mask switch group for applying a mask required for the presented optotypes, 35 is a start switch for executing a programmed optometry, and 36 is a programmed optometry. A feed switch for advancing the inspection step to the next, 37 is a change mode designating switch group for designating the mode of the measurement data to be changed, and 38 is a mode or measurement for inputting the data. A group of input data designating switches for designating the mode to be operated, 39 is a data input switch used when inputting data from an objective eye refractive power measuring device, a lens meter or the like, and 40 is A print switch, 41 is a measurement eye designating switch, and 42 is a dial switch used when changing a measurement value or inputting a numerical value.

Reference numerals 43a and 43b are changeover switches for changing over the cross cylinders, which are also used when adjusting the appearance at the prescription stage. Reference numeral 44 denotes a shift switch, and a switch function is added by pressing another switch while pressing this switch. Reference numeral 45 is a function switch group, which is used when selecting a switch corresponding to various switch displays displayed at a predetermined position below the screen of the display 30.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the control of the apparatus. The switch signal from the switch unit 31 of the controller 5 is input to the microcomputer circuit 50 after being subjected to predetermined processing. A memory 51 that stores a control program such as an optometry program and a memory 52 that stores measurement data and the like are connected to the micro computer circuit 50. The micro computer circuit 50 converts the switch signal into various data based on a control program stored in the memory 51 and performs arithmetic processing, and controls the screen of the display 30 via the display circuit 53. In addition, the converted signal is transferred to the micro computer of the relay unit 6.
Input to the input circuit 55. Microcomputer circuit 55
Is a refractive power inspecting device 2 that is aware of data relating to refractive power.
First, the data relating to the optotype is sent to the optotype presenting device 4.

The micro computer circuit 60 of the subjective-type refractive power inspection device 2 which has received the data on the refractive power drives the motor 62 through the driving circuit 61, and the weak spherical disk 63 and the strong spherical disk. 64, auxiliary lens disk 65,
The cross cylinder-disk 66 or the like is rotated and a predetermined optical system is arranged in the inspection window. When the microcomputer circuit 60 receives a signal relating to the slide of the lens unit 10, the microcomputer circuit 60 drives the drive motors 204 and 207.

The microcomputer circuit 70 of the optotype presenting apparatus 4 which has received the data on the optotypes turns on the lamp 72 for projecting the optotypes and drives the motor 74 via the drive circuit 73. The target disc 75 on which the target is drawn and the mask disc 76 are rotated to project a predetermined test target onto a screen (not shown) placed in front of the eye to be inspected.

The objective eye refractive power measuring device 3 and the lens meter 9 are connected to the microcomputer circuit 55, and the sent measurement data is stored in the memory 56. When a read command signal is input from the micro computer circuit 50 on the controller 5 side, the micro computer circuit 5
5 reads the specified measurement data from the memory 56,
Transfer to the controller 5 side.

Reference numeral 57 is a printer for outputting measurement results, and 58 is a drive circuit thereof.

The operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described. Here, an operation using an optometry program in which examination items and examination procedures are preset will be described (see FIG. 4).

At the time of examination, when setting parameters and inputting inquiry information of a subject, the menu switch 32a of the setting changeover switch group 32 is pushed. The display 30 displays a setting menu screen as shown in FIG. The reverse display portion can be moved by the movement switches 32b and 32c of the switch group 32, and the reverse display item can be selected by the execution switch 32d.

When the necessary parameter settings and inquiry information can be input, the start switch 35 is pressed to execute the eye examination program. On the display 30, a message prompting the input of measurement data by the objective eye refractive power measuring device 3 is displayed.

<Input of Objective Value Data> Each of the S value (spherical power), C value (astigmatic power), A value (astigmatic axis angle), etc. obtained by the objective eye refractive power measuring device 3. The objective value data is stored in the memory 56 via the microcomputer circuit 55 of the relay unit 6 by pressing the print switch of the objective eye refractive power measuring device 3. After that, by pressing the data input switch 39 of the controller 5 and then the objective switch of the input data designating switch group 38, the objective value data stored in the memory 56 is controlled. It is transferred and stored in the objective value memory area of the memory 52 on the la 5 side. The objective value data may be manually input by operating the change mode designating switch group 37 and the dial switch 42 in addition to the data transfer by communication.

<Nude-eye visual acuity test> When the input of the objective value data is completed, the objective value data is automatically copied to the subjective value memory area, and the left and right display portions 81 of the screen example shown in FIG. 6 are displayed. In this area, the immediately preceding copied data (consciousness value data = objective value data) is displayed. After that, the inspection item shifts to the naked eye visual acuity test. The display screen of the display 30 is automatically set to a mode in which the naked eye visual acuity value of the right eye can be input, and the subjective value data is displayed.
The display moves to the left / right display unit 81. FIG. 8 shows a display example at this time. The current inspection item is displayed on the central display 80,
The measurement items displayed in the reverse direction can be input.

The present apparatus has a function of calculating an expected naked-eye visual acuity value based on objective value data, and at the start of the naked-eye visual acuity test, the test target having the calculated expected visual acuity value is used as the visual target. An operation signal is issued to cause the presentation device 4 to present. The expected naked-eye visual acuity value is displayed in the VA column of the central display unit 80, and the optotype symbol 83 currently presented is displayed in the operation explanation area 82 below the central display unit 80. The examiner obtains the response from the examinee and receives the switch 34a of the mask switch group 34,
At 34b, the optotype is masked and the presenting optotype is changed to obtain the naked eye visual acuity value of the measurement eye, and the input is performed. In this case, the test may be performed by placing the subject with an eye shield without disposing the subjective-type refractive power test device 2 in front of the eye to be inspected, or by opening an inspection window on the measurement eye side, The other eye may be shielded.

When the naked eye visual acuity test for the right eye is completed, the naked eye visual acuity test for the left eye and both eyes is similarly performed. Of the central display 80
In the VA column, high visual acuity values of the right and left eyes are automatically displayed,
The inspection can start from that value.

<Input of spectacle data> When the naked eyesight of both eyes can be input, the feed switch 36 is pushed to proceed to the next inspection item. A message for confirming the presence / absence of glasses (including contact lenses) is displayed on the display 30, and a switch operation instruction depending on the presence / absence of glasses is displayed at the lower part of the screen. When the function switch 45 with glasses is pressed in accordance with this instruction, the mode is switched to the mode in which the glasses power data can be input. The input of the spectacle frequency data is transferred from the lens meter 9 to the memory 56 and stored therein similarly to the objective value data, and then the spectacle switch of the input switch 39 and the switch group 38 is pressed to store the data in the memory 52. Are stored in the front eyeglasses memory area. If the spectacle power is input in advance before starting the examination, the step of spectacle data input here is omitted.

<Glasses visual acuity test> When the spectacles power data can be input, the screen of the display 30 is switched to the spectacles visual acuity check mode for the right eye. Since the optical system corresponding to the spectacle diopter data is arranged in the inspection window of the subjective refractive power test device 2, the subjective refractive power test device 2 may be positioned in front of the subject's eye for testing. it can. VA of the right eye of the central display 80
In the column, the expected visual acuity value based on the residual dioptric power due to the difference between the objective value data and the eyeglass power data is displayed, and the optotype presenting device 4 presents a test index having the visual acuity value. Is signaled to. Based on the response of the subject, the switch 34
The visual acuity value is obtained by switching the presentation index with a and 34b, and the value is input. If the left eye and both eyes are also tested in the same manner, the visual acuity value is input as in the naked eye visual acuity test.

<Consciousness Test> After the above-mentioned inputs are made, the process for obtaining the perfect correction values for both eyes is started. In the optometry program in the embodiment, the objective visual acuity confirmation test for confirming the suitability of the objective value data, the first R / G (red / green) test performed before the astigmatism test, and the astigmatic axis detection test , Astigmatism diopter detection test, second R / G test to prevent overcorrection to obtain maximum visual acuity, and visual acuity test for each eye, and then binocular balance test for complete completion of both eyes A correction value (in this specification, the left and right one-eye perfect correction values after performing the binocular balance test is referred to as a binocular perfect correction value) is obtained. In these tests, basically, by pushing the feed switch 36, the operation signal necessary for the test is issued from the micro computer circuit 50 to the subjective-type refractive power test device 2 and the optotype presenting device 4, and the test sequentially proceeds. (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-1928)
39). The binocular perfect correction value and the visual acuity value obtained by the examination are stored in the memory 52.

<Adjustment of distance correction power> Subsequently, the distance correction power is adjusted. This device is based on the binocular complete correction value and spectacle data, if any, and an automatic adjustment program that automatically calculates the frequency expected to be suitable for wearing by reducing the discomfort, and the subject's request. It has an automatic adjustment program that automatically calculates the dioptric power to secure the visual acuity value.
When making spectacles, usually, determine a prescription frequency that reduces discomfort so that the wearer does not get tired easily. Although the prescription power is adjusted with an emphasis on making glasses, some wearers may desire to secure a certain level of visual acuity (for example, securing a visual acuity for obtaining and updating a driver's license). Is.

When the feed switch 36 is pushed, a screen for selecting which of the automatic adjustment programs is to be executed is displayed on the display 30 as shown in FIG. To obtain the dioptric power with reduced power, one with "power" is selected with the function switch 45 corresponding to the display with "visual acuity" with power to secure visual acuity.

(A) Distance correction correction power with priority on power First, an automatic adjustment program for giving priority to power with reduced discomfort will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 8 to 13. This is executed by inputting the function switch 45 corresponding to the display of "frequency" in the screen example of FIG. In addition, "strong eyes" used in the following explanation
Is the S value or C value of the binocular perfect correction,
The larger the absolute value of the frequency is, the "weak eye" is the opposite. Astigmatism (C value) is read negatively.

The apparatus first determines the presence or absence of astigmatism based on the binocular perfect correction value (STEP 1-1). If there is astigmatism, further astigmatism (AXIS: 15 ° to 75 ° or 105 ° to 165
°) or not (STEP 1-2). After that, S of both eyes
Judgment as to whether it is hyperopia (both eyes are positive, or one eye is positive and one eye is 0) or myopia (both eyes are negative, or one eye is negative and one eye is 0) (STEP 1-3 to 1-5) Thus, any one of the following frequency adjustments A to F is performed to calculate the adjustment frequency. When hyperopia and myopia cannot be distinguished (when the S value of one eye is positive and the S value of the other eye is negative), power adjustment is not performed and the fact that the examiner makes an adjustment is displayed.

[Automatic Adjustment A: No Astigmatism, Hyperopia] The device determines whether or not the subject is in the initial wear by checking whether or not the spectacle diopter data is input (presence or absence of spectacle history). -1). The same applies to automatic adjustments B to F below.

[A-1] In the case of initial wearing, the left and right differences in S value are compared (STEP A-2). If the difference in left and right of the S value is within a predetermined power difference (hereinafter, the difference between the left and right of the S value or the C value is explained as being adjusted within 0.75D), the adjustment power remains the binocular perfect correction value. To do. When the left-right difference in S value exceeds 0.75D, the S value of the strong eye is set to a value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye (STEP A-3).

[A-2] When not wearing for the first time, compare the left and right differences in S value (STEP A-4). If the left and right differences exceed 0.75D,
As for the S value on the side of the strong eye, a value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye and the S value on the same side of the front spectacles were added a predetermined degree (+ 0.75D in the case of hyperopia). Obtain the larger of the absolute values and the value so that the value does not exceed the binocular perfect correction value (S
TEP A-5).

[Automatic Adjustment B: Case of Myopia without Astigmatism] [B-1] When wearing for the first time, first, calculation of table A in FIG. Then, the correction amount ΔS1 is obtained, and the correction process for subtracting the correction amount ΔS1 from the S value for binocular complete correction (hereinafter referred to as correction process A1) is performed for both eyes (STEP B-2). Next, the left and right differences after the correction processing are compared (STEP B-3), and when the difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is added to the S value on the weak eye by -0.75D. Set it to a value (STEP B-4).

[B-2] When not wearing for the first time, the correction amount ΔS2 is obtained by the calculation of table B in FIG. 14 with reference to the smaller difference between the front spectacles and the binocular perfect correction value in the left and right S values. Then, for both eyes, a correction process of subtracting the correction amount ΔS2 from the S value of the binocular complete correction (hereinafter, referred to as correction process B1) is performed.
(STEP B-5). Next, the left and right differences of the S value after the correction processing are compared.
(STEP B-6), if the difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is a value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value of the weak eye that has undergone correction processing and the S value of the front spectacles by a predetermined frequency. (In case of myopia, it is below -0.
75D) and the larger absolute value of
Make sure that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (STEP B-7).

[Automatic Adjustment C: Case of Hyperopia with Astigmatism without Oblique Astigmatism] [C-1] When wearing for the first time, first, with reference to the value of the C-value weak eye, the table C in FIG. A correction amount ΔC1 is obtained by calculation, and a correction process for subtracting the correction amount ΔC1 from the C value for complete binocular correction is performed for both eyes (hereinafter referred to as correction process C1).
(STEP C-2). Subsequently, the S values of both eyes are made equal spherical values by adding half the correction amount ΔC1 to the binocular perfect correction value (S
TEP C-3). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STE
P C-4), 0.75D is exceeded, the S value on the strong eye side is set to a value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye (STEP C-5). Next, the left and right differences in the C value after the correction process C1 are compared (STEP C-
6) When the value exceeds 0.75D, the C value of the strong eye is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the weak eye (STEP C-7).

[C-2] When not wearing for the first time, first, based on the judgment of the presence or absence of astigmatism in the anterior spectacles value (STEP C-8), if there is no astigmatism, the same power adjustment as that for the first wearing is performed (STEP C-2 ~ C-
7). When there is astigmatism in the anterior spectacle value, the correction amount ΔC2 is obtained by the calculation of table D in FIG.
For both eyes, a correction process of subtracting the correction amount ΔC2 from the C value for complete binocular correction (hereinafter, this is referred to as correction process D1) is performed (STE
P C-9). Then, the S values for both eyes are made equal spherical values by adding half of the correction amount ΔC2 to the binocular perfect correction value (STEP
C-10). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STEP
C-11), when the difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is the same as the S value on the same side of the front spectacles as the value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye made into an equivalent spherical surface. Obtain the larger of the absolute values of + 0.75D and make sure that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (STEP C-12). Next, when the left-right difference of the C value after the correction processing D1 exceeds 0.75D (STEP C-13), the C value on the strong eye side is the same as the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the weak eye. Obtain the larger absolute value of the C value on the same side of the glasses and the value obtained by adding -0.75D so that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (S
TEP C-14). [Automatic adjustment D: Myopia with astigmatism without oblique astigmatism] [D-1] When first worn, perform correction process C1 (STEP D-
2), correction processing A1 is performed (STEP D-3). Then, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STEP D-4), and when 0.75D is exceeded, the S value on the strong eye side is the S value of the weak eye plus -0.75D ( STEP D-5). Next, the left and right differences of the C values after the correction process C1 are compared (STEP D-6), and when the difference exceeds 0.75D, the C value of the strong eye is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the weak eye. Yes (STE
P D-7).

[D-2] When not wearing for the first time, first, it is judged whether or not there is astigmatism of the front spectacles power (STEP D-8). If there is astigmatism, correction processing D1 is performed (STEP D-9). Then, the correction process B1 is performed (STEP D-10). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STEP D-11). If 0.75D is exceeded,
The S value on the strong eye side is obtained by obtaining the larger absolute value of the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value of the weak eye and the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value on the same side of the front glasses, Make sure that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (STEP D-12). Next, the left and right differences in the C value after the correction process D1 are compared (STEP D-13). If the difference exceeds 0.75D, the C value on the strong eye side is -0.75D added to the C value on the weak eye. Obtain the larger absolute value of the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the front spectacles on the same side as the value so that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (STEP D-14).

If there is no astigmatism in the presence / absence of astigmatism in the front spectacle power, correction processing C1 and correction processing B1 are performed (STEP D-
15, D-16). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STE
P D-17), If it exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value on the weak eye and the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value on the same side of the front eyeglasses. Obtain the larger absolute value of and so that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (STEP D-18).
Next, if the left-right difference in C value after the correction process C1 exceeds 0.75D, the C value on the side of the strong eye is the value of -0.75D added to the C value of the weak eye (STEP D-19, D -20).

[Automatic Adjustment E: In Case of Hyperopia with Oblique Astigmatism] [E-1] When wearing for the first time, the left and right C values are both -0.50.
It is determined whether or not it is D or less (hereinafter, in the present specification, the C value is -0.50D or less, whichever has a smaller frequency, that is, -0.25D or -0.50D) (STEP E-2). For oblique astigmatism, it is often better for the subject not to perform astigmatism correction when the C value is small, so when both C values are -0.5 D or less, astigmatism is ignored and the C value is set to 0. Of S
The value is made to be an equivalent spherical surface by adding half of each C value (STEP E-3). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STEP E-4), and when it exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is the value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye ( STEP E-5).

Judgment whether C value is -0.5 D or less (STEP E-
In 2), at least one of the left and right C values is -0.
If it exceeds 5D, perform correction process C1 (STEP E-6),
The S values of both eyes are both values obtained by adding half of the correction amount ΔC1 to the binocular complete correction value to form an equivalent spherical surface (STEP E-7). Then, when the obtained left-right difference of the S value exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is set to a value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye (STEP
E-8, E-9). Next, the left-right difference of the C value after the correction process C1 is 0.75.
When it exceeds D, the C value of the strong eye is -0.75 to the C value of the weak eye.
The value added D (STEP E-10, E-11).

[E-2] When the subject is not in the initial wear, it is first determined whether the left and right C values are both less than or equal to -0.5 D (STEP
Then, it is determined whether or not the front glasses have astigmatism (STEP E-13, E-14).

When both the C values for complete correction of both eyes are within -0.5 D and the front spectacles do not have astigmatism, the C value is set to 0, and the S values on the left and right are added to half the respective C values to form an equivalent spherical surface. To the specified value (STEP E-15). After that, the obtained S-values are compared for left-right difference (STEP E-16), and when the value exceeds 0.75D, the S-value on the strong eye side is + 0.75D added to the S-value of the weak eye made into an equivalent spherical surface. The larger absolute value of the value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value on the same side of the front spectacles so that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (STEP E-17).

When the front spectacles have astigmatism regardless of the C value for complete correction of both eyes, the same processing as in STEP C-9 to C-14 is performed (STE
P E-18 to 23).

At least one of the left and right C values is −0.
If it exceeds 5 D and the front spectacles do not have astigmatism, a correction process C1 is performed (STEP E-24), and the S value of both eyes is the spherical equivalent correction value half the correction amount ΔC1. To the value you set (STEP E-25). Next, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STEP E-26). If the difference exceeds 0.75D, then the STEPC-
Perform the same process as 12 (STEP E-27). Next, the left and right differences of the C values after the correction process C1 are compared (STEP E-28), and the left and right differences are
When it exceeds 0.75D, the C value of the strong eye is the value of -0.75D added to the C value of the weak eye (STEP E-29).

[Automatic Adjustment F: Case of Myopia with Oblique Astigmatism] [F-1] When initially worn, the C values on the left and right are both −0.5.
It is determined whether it is D or less (STEP F-2). Both C values are -0.5
If it is within D, set both C values to 0 (STEP F-3).
Then, the S value is corrected by A1 (STEP F-4). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STEP F-5), and when the left and right difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value of the strong eye side is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value of the weak eye. (STEP F-6)

Judgment whether C value is -0.5 D or less (STEP F-
In 2), at least one of the left and right C values is -0.
If it exceeds 5 D, correction processing C1 is performed (STEP F-7).
Then, the S value is corrected by A1 (STEP F-8). Then, the left and right difference of the obtained S value is compared (STEP F-9), and when the left and right difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value of the strong eye side is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value of the weak eye. (STEP F-10) Next, the left and right differences of the C values after the correction processing C1 are compared (STEP F-11). If the left and right differences exceed 0.75D, the C values of the strong eyes are those of the weak eyes.
The value is the value obtained by adding -0.75D (STEP F-12).

[F-2] When the subject is not initially dressed, it is first determined whether or not the C values for the left and right complete correction of both eyes are both less than or equal to -0.5 D (STEP F-13), and then, respectively. It is determined whether or not the front glasses have astigmatism (C value) (STEP F-14, F-15).

When the C value of the binocular perfect correction is within -0.5 D and the front spectacles do not have astigmatism, the C value is set to 0 (STEP F-1
6). Then, the correction process B1 is performed (STEP F-17). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STEP F-18). If the left and right differences exceed 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is processed in the same manner as STEP B-7 (STEP F- 19).

When the front spectacles have astigmatism regardless of the C value for complete correction of both eyes, the same processing as in STEP D-9 to D-14 is performed (STE
P F-20 to F-25).

At least one of the left and right C values is −0.
When the value exceeds 5 D and the front spectacles do not have astigmatism, the C value is subjected to the correction process C1 (STEP F-26), and the S value is subjected to the correction process B1 (STEP F-27). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STEP F-28). If the left and right differences exceed 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is processed in the same manner as STEP B-7 (STEP F-28). 29)
. Next, the left and right differences in the C value after the correction process C1 are compared (STEP
F-30), if the difference between the left and right exceeds 0.75D, the C of the strong eye
The value is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the weak eye (STEP F-
31).

As described above, when the apparatus can distinguish between hyperopia and myopia, any one of the automatic adjustment processes A to F is performed, and the optimum expected power is automatically calculated.

In the above automatic adjustment program, the adjustment amount for adjusting the S value or C value on the side of the strong eye is compared with the S value or C value when the change amount from the front glasses on the same side is adopted. It was decided to adjust ± 0.75D (3 steps) (STE
P A-5, B-7, C-14, etc.) ± 0.50D (2
The adjustment amount of (stage) may be changed. This is because there is a difference in adaptability of the front spectacles to the power change depending on the age. A young person can adapt to changes in the power of the front glasses even if there are three steps (0.75D) change, but as the age increases, generally, the two steps (0.50D) change becomes the limit. Therefore, by changing the adjustment amount of the prescription frequency according to the adaptability of the eye to be inspected, the prescription more suitable for the wearer can be obtained. Changes in the frequency adjustment amount can be input in advance before execution of the automatic adjustment program.

Further, in the above embodiment, the correction processes A1 to D
The correction amounts ΔS1, ΔS2, ΔC1, and ΔC2 of 1 are obtained by calculation, but it is also possible to prepare table tables for each and obtain them based on these.

In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment program, the astigmatism is divided into two types, that is, whether it is oblique astigmatism (AXIS: 15 ° to 75 ° or 105 ° to 165 °). Sometimes even more direct astigmatism (AXIS: 0-14 ° or 166 °-
180 °) or astigmatism (AXIS: 74 ° to 104 °) can be used to change the calculation method of the adjustment power to enable more accurate adjustment and reduce the pain and complaints of the subject. it can. This is for the following reason.

The eye examination is usually carried out by a distance test such as 5 m, and the astigmatic power obtained there is used not only in distant but also in near glasses. When looking closely, the accommodation function acts and the crystalline lens in the eye swells, causing a change in the astigmatic power. The crystalline lens of a person is physiologically astigmatic (a state in which the horizontal direction bends light more strongly than the vertical direction), and when the accommodative function works, the rate of that astigmatism often increases. For this reason, the astigmatism power at a distance becomes weaker when looking at the near side in the case of direct astigmatism and becomes stronger in the case of the astigmatism conversely. Eyeglasses and the like are used not only for seeing a distant place but also for seeing from a distant place to a near place (rather, it is more frequently used to see a near place). Considering the correction effect of astigmatism when looking at a near distance, it is better to prescribe astigmatism weaker and astigmatism stronger (close to the perfect correction value).

Therefore, a power adjusting program in consideration of the cases of straight astigmatism and inclining astigmatism will be described by utilizing the above properties (see FIGS. 15 to 17). Judgment whether or not oblique astigmatism (S
According to TEP1-2), it is determined whether or not it is astigmatism, and then it is determined whether or not it is astigmatism (STEP 2-1). In the case of astigmatism, the adjustment power is calculated by the procedure of STEP 1-4 and after as in the above.
When not astigmatism (when astigmatism), first of all, S of both eyes
Based on the value, it is judged whether it is hyperopia (both eyes are positive, or one eye is positive and one eye is 0) or myopia (both eyes are negative, or one eye is negative and one eye is 0) (STEP 2-2). The automatic adjustment 2C shown in 16 or the automatic adjustment 2D shown in FIG. 17 is performed.
The C value in the automatic adjustment in this case remains the binocular perfect correction value, and only the S value is adjusted in the same manner as the automatic adjustments C and D described above.

This method can be modified as follows. For example, when considering the left-right difference in the C value, the strength eye side may be adjusted so as to fall within a range of three grades or the like based on the weakness eye standard.

Alternatively, in table C and table D shown in FIG. 14 used in the automatic adjustment program (automatic adjustment C in FIG. 10 and automatic adjustment D in FIG. 11) for direct astigmatism,
The correction amount ΔC1 and the correction amount ΔC2 may be reduced so that the adjustment degree of the C value approaches the complete correction degree. That is, the arithmetic expressions for obtaining the correction amounts ΔC1 and ΔC2 in table C and table D are changed as follows.

C1 / 2 → C1 / 3, C1 / 4, etc. C2 / 2 → C2 / 3, C2 / 4, etc. Further, the adjustment amount of the C value at the time of these astigmatisms can be changed by the parameter set menu. It is convenient to allow the examiner to freely set the adjustment frequency in accordance with the examiner's policy.

(B) Vision correction priority correction for distance correction Next, an automatic adjustment program for giving priority to the visual acuity value desired by the wearer will be described. In the screen example of FIG. 7, "visual acuity"
When the function switch 45 corresponding to the display is input, a screen for inputting a desired visual acuity value is further displayed as shown in FIG. Dial switch 4 is used to input sight value
2 is operated. In this case, a visual acuity value higher than the visual acuity value when the perfect correction value is obtained cannot be input.

When the desired visual acuity value is input, the automatic adjustment program is executed by pressing the function switch 45 corresponding to the "execute" display at the bottom of the screen. The calculation of the power for the desired visual acuity value is performed based on the table shown in FIG. In the power calculation table, the power D0 subtracted from the perfect correction power is associated with the desired visual acuity value VA2 for each visual acuity value VA1 when the perfect correction value is obtained.
For example, the visual acuity value VA1 = 1.
When 0 and the S value of the complete correction = −3.75 (D),
If the desired visual acuity value VA2 is 0.8, the dioptric power to be subtracted from the table is D0 = -0.25 (D), so the adjustment diopter is subtracted from -3.75 (D) by -0.25 (D). -
It becomes 3.50 (D). This table has the same S value and C value, but a separate table may be provided for the C value. The power for the desired visual acuity value may be mathematically expressed without using the table.

Further, the desired visual acuity value is made to correspond to the visual acuity value (the naked eye visual acuity value in the first wearer) and the perfect correction value based on the previous eyeglass power, and the power for the desired visual acuity value is calculated. May be. This makes it possible to calculate a more appropriate power according to the individual refractive power of the subject.

The calculation of the dioptric power for the desired visual acuity value may be performed as follows. After executing the above-mentioned automatic adjustment program for distance correction power with priority on power, it is judged whether the visual acuity value desired by the subject can be secured with the calculated power, and if the visual acuity value can be secured, the adjustment is performed. It should be frequency. Alternatively, if the power based on the desired visual acuity value is weaker than the power based on the above-described power priority adjustment (closer to the power of the front glasses), it may be easier to get used to the glasses and may be convenient, so the value may be left as it is. . On the other hand, when the visual acuity value desired by the subject cannot be ensured, the dioptric power for ensuring the desired visual acuity value is added based on the calculated dioptric power. The frequency to be added can be obtained by a table or calculation prepared in advance.

<Frequency Adjustment by Inspector> The result is displayed on the display 30 by executing the automatic adjustment program. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a screen example of the display 30 after the automatic adjustment. The central display 80 is changed to a prescription mode, and the S value and C value of the display are the frequencies automatically adjusted by the device. Below the central display 80 is a message indicating that the distance dioptric power has been adjusted. − Is displayed. An optical system corresponding to the automatically adjusted dioptric power is set in both inspection windows of the subjective refractive power test device 2, and a visual acuity value of 0.9 from the optotype presenting device.
A visual acuity index with an index set of ~ 1.2 is presented (when a desired visual acuity value is input, the visual acuity with that visual acuity value is automatically presented). The examiner confirms the appearance of the adjusted diopter and finely adjusts the distance diopter diopter by operating the switch.

The apparatus is for manual adjustment that changes the power of the item to be adjusted when a switch is input, based on the hyperopia or myopia, presence or absence of astigmatism, or presence or absence of oblique astigmatism of the power calculated by the automatic adjustment program. It has a control program (see FIGS. 21 and 22). When the automatic adjustment program is executed, the frequency of the item to be adjusted is automatically adjusted by obtaining the response of the appearance of the subject and inputting the changeover switch 43a or 43b. For details of this control program, refer to Japanese Patent Application No. 8-192938. The result of the fine adjustment by the examiner is stored in the memory 52.

After the distance correction power is adjusted, the near vision test is performed if necessary, the prescription power is determined, the test result is printed out, and the subjective test is completed.

The results of each subject thus obtained are stored in the memory 52 (the memory 56 on the relay unit 6 side when the storage capacity is limited). This test result is stored for a large number of subjects, and the large number of test results are statistically processed and fed back to the frequency calculation method by the automatic adjustment program. Can be calculated. This method will be described.

The above-mentioned automatic adjustment program (FIGS. 8 to 1)
3 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3), the S value and the C value are adjusted based on the correction processes A1 to D1. The calculation formulas used in these correction processes are as follows: S value after correction = Binocular perfect correction S value− (Binocular perfect correction S value−front spectacle S value) / 2 (Formula 1) C value = binocular perfect correction C value− (binocular perfect correction C value−front spectacles C value) / 2 ... (Equation 2) In the case of a first-time wearer, the front eyeglass S value and the front eyeglass C value may be set to 0.

Here, it is considered that the terms for calculating the correction amount in Expressions 1 and 2 are multiplied by the correction coefficients α and β, which are variables, respectively, and the corrected S value = binocular perfect correction S value − {(both eyes Perfect correction S value-front spectacles S value / 2} α (Formula 3) Corrected C value = binocular perfect correction C value − {(both eye perfect correction C value−front spectacles C value) / 2} β ... (Formula 4) The correction coefficients α and β are correction coefficients for compensating for the difference between the adjustment frequency calculated by the automatic adjustment program and the prescription frequency after the fine adjustment by the examiner (initial setting value of the correction coefficients α and β = 1 ).

The prescription power after fine adjustment by the examiner, the complete correction of both eyes, and the presence of front eyeglasses are also taken into consideration, and the components of the S value and the C value are applied to the above equations 3 and 4, respectively. The correction coefficients α and β are obtained. When data for a large number of examinees (for example, it is advantageous to have a large number of samples such as for 100 to 1000 persons) is collected, the average value of each of the correction coefficients α and β is calculated, and Equation 3 4 is fed back and used for the correction processing A1 to D1 in the automatic adjustment program. As a result, the adjustment frequency calculated by the automatic adjustment program comes close to the frequency after the fine adjustment performed by the examiner, and the frequency preferred by the examiner is calculated for each device. Therefore, the fine adjustment after the automatic adjustment goes smoothly, and the inspection efficiency can be improved.

The correction coefficients α and β obtained for each subject
Feedback may be given when a large amount of data has been obtained to some extent (this is effective when the inspector in charge of the device changes, etc.), and should be given every time data is obtained from the beginning. You can also do it.

[0078]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to easily obtain the correction power for the condition desired by the subject and improve the inspection efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing an overall configuration of an optometry apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a view of the controller seen from above.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating control of the apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of an eye examination program according to an embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a screen example of a setting menu displayed on a display.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a screen when the naked-eye visual acuity test is started.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a screen for selecting which of the automatic adjustment programs is to be executed.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 14 is a tabl for obtaining a correction amount for adjusting the correction power
It is a figure which shows the calculation of eA-D.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a power adjustment program in consideration of cases of straight astigmatism and inclining astigmatism.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a power adjustment program in consideration of cases of straight astigmatism and inclining astigmatism.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a power adjustment program in consideration of cases of straight astigmatism and inclining astigmatism.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of a screen for inputting a desired visual acuity value when an automatic adjustment program with a visual acuity value priority is selected.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of a table used for calculating and using a power for a desired visual acuity value.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen after automatic adjustment.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a control program for manual adjustment.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a control program for manual adjustment.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Conscious refractive power measuring device 5 controller 30 display 31 Switch part 36 Feed switch 50 micro computer 51, 52 memory

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A optometry apparatus for obtaining a correction power for correcting a refractive error of an eye to be inspected, in which a complete correction power of both eyes and visual acuity value data of the eye to be corrected when the correction power is corrected are input. An input means, a visual acuity value input means for inputting a visual acuity value desired by the subject, and a visual acuity value desired by the subject based on the input visual acuity value, the complete correction power and the visual acuity value at that time. The program storing means for storing the first program for predicting the correction frequency for ensuring the above, the program progressing means for advancing the program, the calculating means for calculating the predicted prescription frequency according to the program, and the calculated predicted prescription frequency are displayed. An optometry device, comprising: 2. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising front spectacles input means for inputting a power of the front spectacles and a visual acuity value when the front spectacles are worn. 3. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a correction amount storage unit that stores a correction amount for adjusting the correction power with respect to the complete correction power as a correction table. 4. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a factor input means for inputting a factor for adjusting the power, and a prescription by adjusting the correction power for the complete correction power based on the data input to the factor input means. An optometry apparatus comprising: a second program for predicting a frequency and a selecting means for selecting which of the first and second programs is to be executed.