JPH10216090A - Optometer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily provide a correction degree in a state desired by a subject by predicting a corrective degree to maintain the subject's vision value, based on a complete binocular corrective degree, the visual acuity value of an examined eye corrected to the complete corrective degree, and the subject desired vision value. SOLUTION: Objective value data such as an S-value, a C-value and an A-value obtained from an objective ocular refractometer 3 are inputted to examine the naked eye. Also, when the vision of both naked eyes are inputted, spectacle degree data is inputted for the confirmation and examination of the spectacle vision. An examination is then made to obtain a complete binocular corrective value, after inputting the vision value. Then, a prescription degree is determined, according to an automatic adjustment program for automatically calculating a degree anticipated to lessen an unpleasant feeling and allow an actual application, and automatic adjustment program for automatically calculating a degree for maintaining a vision value desired by a subject, respectively from the complete binocular corrective value and the spectacle data.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometric apparatus suitable for obtaining a correction power for correcting the refractive power of an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When prescribing a spectacle lens or the like for correcting the refractive power of an eye to be examined, a complete correction power is obtained so that the maximum visual acuity can be obtained, and then, before the subject is used before. It is important to consider the spectacle power and prescribe a power suitable for wearing. If the prescription frequency is suddenly increased, it will often be difficult to get used to and it will feel uncomfortable. Therefore, the prescription frequency is generally determined with an emphasis on reducing the discomfort rather than the appearance.

[0003]

However, depending on the examinee, there is a case where a certain level of visual acuity value is inevitably desired (for example, when a driver's license is acquired or renewed). If the frequency is determined as described above, a prescription that does not satisfy the request may be obtained. It is not easy for an examiner with little knowledge of optometry or an inexperienced examiner to adjust the perfect correction power and to derive a power that secures the desired visual acuity value of the subject.

When the prescribed power exceeds the desired visual acuity value, a high visual acuity value may not be required.

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an optometric apparatus which can easily obtain a correction power in a state desired by an examinee and improve examination efficiency.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.

(1) In an optometric apparatus for obtaining a correction power for correcting a refractive error of an eye to be examined, complete correction powers of both eyes and visual acuity value data of the eye to be corrected when the eyes are corrected to the complete correction power are inputted. Data input means, visual acuity value input means for inputting a visual acuity value desired by the subject, and visual acuity demanded by the subject based on the input visual acuity value, the complete correction power, and the visual acuity value at that time. The first to predict the correction frequency to secure the value
Program storing means for storing the program, program calculating means for executing the program, calculating means for calculating the predicted prescription frequency in accordance with the program, and display means for displaying the calculated predicted prescription frequency. And

(2) The optometry apparatus of (1) is further characterized in that the optometry apparatus further comprises a front spectacle input means for inputting a power of the front spectacles and a visual acuity value when wearing the front spectacles.

(3) The optometry apparatus of (1) further comprises a correction amount storage means for storing a correction amount for adjusting the correction power with respect to the complete correction power as a correction table.

(4) The optometry apparatus of (1) further adjusts the correction power for the complete correction power based on the data input to the factor input means for inputting the factor for adjusting the power, and the data input to the factor input means. It is characterized by comprising a second program for estimating a prescription frequency, and a selecting means for selecting which of the first and second programs is to be executed.

[0011]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view showing the entire configuration of the optometry apparatus according to the embodiment.

Reference numeral 1 denotes an optometry table disposed between a subject and an examiner, and 2 denotes a subjective refraction measuring device 2. The subjective refracting power measuring device 2 includes a pair of left and right lens units 10 for electrically switching and arranging various optical elements in the optometry window 11, and a suspending unit 12 for suspending the left and right lens units 10. Reference numeral 13 denotes a near vision chart held by a near point bar attached to the suspending unit 12 (removed from the front in the case of a far vision test).

Reference numeral 3 denotes an objective eye-refractive-power measuring device for measuring the eye refractive power based on the fact that the measurement target is projected on the fundus of the eye to be examined and the projected target image of the fundus is detected by the light receiving means. The objective eye refraction measuring device 3 is mounted on a movable tray that can slide on the optometry table 1, and slides to the center position of the optometry table 1 to perform a measurement during an objective examination. .

Reference numeral 4 denotes a projection-type target presenting apparatus for presenting a test target. Reference numeral 5 denotes a controller for operating the subjective refracting power measuring device 2 and the projection optotype presenting device 4, and reference numeral 6 denotes a relay unit for relaying communication between the devices. A lens meter is connected to the relay unit 6.

FIG. 2 is a view of the controller 5 as viewed from above. Reference numeral 30 denotes a liquid crystal display for displaying optometry information. A switch unit 31 has the following switches. Reference numeral 32 denotes a group of setting changeover switches, which switch the display screen of the display 30 to a menu screen and change the parameters.
It has a switch that is used when setting the data. 33
Is an optotype switch group for switching the optotype to be presented to the optotype presenting apparatus 4, 34 is a mask switch group for applying a mask necessary for the presented optotype, 35 is a start switch for executing a program optometry, and 36 is a program optometry. A feed switch for advancing the inspection stage to the next one, 37 is a group of change mode designating switches for designating a mode of measurement data or the like to be changed, and 38 is a mode or measurement for inputting data. A group of input data designating switches 39 for designating a mode to be operated, a data input switch 39 for use in inputting data from an objective eye refractive power measuring device, a lens meter, and the like, and a reference numeral 40. A print switch 41 is a measurement eye designation switch, and a dial switch 42 is used for changing a measurement value or inputting a numerical value.

Reference numerals 43a and 43b denote changeover switches for switching the cross cylinder, which are also used for adjusting the appearance at the prescription stage. A shift switch 44 adds a switch function by pressing another switch while pressing this switch. Reference numeral 45 denotes a group of function switches, which is used when selecting switches corresponding to various switches displayed at predetermined positions below the screen of the display 30.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining the control of the apparatus. The switch signal from the switch unit 31 of the controller 5 is input to the microcomputer 50 after a predetermined process. A memory 51 storing a control program such as an optometry program and a memory 52 storing measurement data and the like are connected to the microcomputer circuit 50. The microcomputer circuit 50 converts the switch signal into various data based on a control program stored in the memory 51 and performs arithmetic processing, and controls the screen of the display 30 via the display circuit 53. The converted signal is transmitted to the micro computer of the relay unit 6.
Input to the data circuit 55. Microcomputer circuit 55
Is a subjective refraction test apparatus 2
Next, data on the target is sent to the target presenting device 4.

The microcomputer circuit 60 of the subjective refracting power inspection apparatus 2 which has received the data on the refracting power drives the motor 62 via the driving circuit 61, and outputs the weak spherical disk 63 and the strong spherical disk. 64, auxiliary lens disk 65,
By rotating the cross cylinder-disk 66 and the like, a predetermined optical system is arranged in the inspection window. Further, the microcomputer circuit 60 drives the drive motors 204 and 207 when receiving a signal relating to the sliding of the lens unit 10 and the movement.

The microcomputer circuit 70 of the optotype presenting apparatus 4 which has received the data on the optotype turns on the optotype projection lamp 72 and drives the motor 74 via the driving circuit 73. The target disk 75 on which the target is drawn and the mask disk 76 are rotated to project a predetermined test target on a screen (not shown) placed in front of the subject's eye.

The microcomputer circuit 55 is connected to the objective eye refractive power measuring device 3 and the lens meter 9 and stores the transmitted measurement data in the memory 56. When a read command signal is input from the micro computer circuit 50 on the controller 5 side, the micro computer circuit 5
5 reads the designated measurement data from the memory 56,
The data is transferred to the controller 5 side.

Reference numeral 57 denotes a printer for outputting a measurement result, and reference numeral 58 denotes a driving circuit thereof.

The operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described. Here, an operation using an optometry program in which test items and test procedures are set in advance will be described (see FIG. 4).

In the examination, to input the parameter setting and the patient's inquiry information, the menu switch 32a of the setting switch group 32 is pressed. The display 30 displays a setting menu screen as shown in FIG. The reverse display portion can be moved by the move switches 32b and 32c of the switch group 32, and the reverse display item can be selected by the execute switch 32d.

After the necessary parameters are set and the inquiry information is input, the start switch 35 is pressed to execute the optometry program. The display 30 displays a message prompting the user to input measurement data from the objective eye refractive power measuring device 3.

<Input of Objective Value Data> Each of the S value (spherical power), C value (astigmatic power), A value (astigmatic axis angle), etc., obtained by the objective eye refractive power measuring device 3 is shown. The objective value data is stored in the memory 56 via the microcomputer 55 of the relay unit 6 when the print switch of the objective type eye refractive power measuring device 3 is pressed. Thereafter, by pressing the data input switch 39 of the controller 5 and subsequently pressing the objective switch of the input data designating switch group 38, the objective value data stored in the memory 56 is controlled. The data is transferred and stored in an objective value memory area of the memory 52 of the memory 5. The input of the objective value data may be manually performed by operating the change mode designation switch group 37 and the dial switch 42 in addition to the data transfer by communication.

<Naked Eye Visual Test> When the input of the objective value data is completed, the objective value data is automatically copied to the subjective value memory area, and the left and right display section 81 of the screen example shown in FIG. Indicates the previous data copied (subjective value data = objective value data). After that, the test item shifts to the naked eye vision test. The display screen of the display 30 is automatically set to a mode in which the naked eye visual acuity value of the right eye can be input, and the subjective value data is displayed.
The screen moves to the left and right display section 81. FIG. 8 shows a display example at this time. The current inspection item is displayed on the central display section 80,
Measurement items to be displayed in reverse can be input.

The present apparatus has a function of calculating an estimated visual acuity value based on objective value data. At the start of the naked-eye visual acuity test, the test optotype having the calculated expected visual acuity value is selected. An operation signal is issued so as to be presented to the presentation device 4. The expected naked eye visual acuity value is displayed in the VA column of the central display unit 80, and the optotype symbol 83 currently being displayed is displayed in the operation explanation area 82 below the central display unit 80. The examiner obtains a response from the subject, and switches 34a,
At 34b, the target is masked and the presented target is changed to obtain the naked eye visual acuity value of the eye to be measured and input the value. In this case, the subject may be provided with an eye shield without performing the subjective refraction power inspection device 2 in front of the subject's eye, or the subject may be examined, or an examination window on the measurement eye side may be opened, The other eye may be shielded.

After the right-eye naked-eye acuity test is completed, the left-eye and both-eye acuity-eye acuity tests are similarly performed. Of the central display section 80
In the VA column, the high visual acuity values of the right and left eyes are automatically displayed,
The inspection can be started from that value.

<Eyeglass Data Input> When the visual acuity of both eyes has been input, the feed switch 36 is pressed to proceed to the next inspection item. A message for confirming the presence or absence of glasses (including contact lenses) is displayed on the display 30, and a switch operation instruction based on the presence or absence of glasses is displayed at the bottom of the screen. When the function switch 45 with spectacles is pressed according to this instruction, the mode is switched to a mode in which spectacle frequency data can be input. The input of the spectacle power data is transferred from the lens meter 9 to the memory 56 and stored in the same manner as the objective value data, and then the spectacle switch of the input switch 39 and the switch group 38 is pressed to store the data in the memory 52. Is stored in the front glasses memory area. If the spectacle power has been input before starting the examination, the step of inputting the spectacle data here is omitted.

<Eyeglass Eyesight Test> When the eyeglass power data is input, the screen of the display 30 is switched to the eyeglass eyesight confirmation inspection mode for the right eye. Since an optical system corresponding to the spectacle power data is arranged in the inspection window of the subjective refraction test apparatus 2, the subjective refraction test apparatus 2 may be arranged in front of the subject to perform the test. it can. VA of right eye of central display unit 80
In the column, an expected visual acuity value based on a residual frequency based on a difference between the objective value data and the spectacle power data is displayed, and the optotype presenting device 4 presents an examination index having the visual acuity value. A signal is issued. Switch 34 based on subject's response
The visual acuity value is obtained by switching the presentation index at a and b, and the value is input. When the left eye and both eyes are examined in the same manner, visual acuity values are input as in the case of the naked eye vision test.

<Subjective value test> When the above input is completed, the process proceeds to a test for obtaining perfect correction values for both eyes. In the optometry program in the embodiment, an objective visual acuity confirmation test for confirming the suitability of the objective value data, a first R / G (red / green) test performed before the astigmatism test, and an astigmatic axis detection test , An astigmatic power detection test, a second R / G test to prevent overcorrection to obtain the maximum visual acuity, and a visual acuity test are performed for each eye, and then a binocular balance test is performed to complete each of the two eyes. A correction value (a single-eye perfect correction value for each of the left and right eyes after performing a binocular balance test in this specification is referred to as a binocular perfect correction value). In these tests, basically, when the feed switch 36 is pressed, an operation signal required for the test is issued from the microcomputer 50 to the subjective refracting power test device 2 and the optotype presenting device 4, and the tests are sequentially performed. (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-1928)
No. 39). The binocular perfect correction values and visual acuity values obtained by the examination are stored in the memory 52.

<Adjustment of Distance Correction Power> Subsequently, the procedure shifts to adjustment of the distance correction power. This apparatus is based on the binocular perfect correction value and the data of eyeglasses, if any, and automatically adjusts the degree of discomfort and is expected to be suitable for wearing. It has an automatic adjustment program for automatically calculating the frequency for securing the visual acuity value.
When making spectacles, usually, a prescription frequency that reduces discomfort is determined so that the wearer is less likely to be tired. Adjusting the prescription frequency with an emphasis on making eyeglasses), but some wearers may want to secure a certain level of visual acuity (for example, obtain a driver's license, secure visual acuity for renewal) It is.

When the feed switch 36 is pressed, a screen for selecting which of the automatic adjustment programs is to be executed is displayed on the display 30 as shown in FIG. The function switch 45 corresponding to the display is used to select and input the "power" in order to reduce the discomfort, and the "power" in order to secure the visual acuity.

(A) Adjustment of distance correction power with priority on power First, an automatic adjustment program for prioritizing power with reduced discomfort will be described with reference to flowcharts of FIGS. This is executed by inputting the function switch 45 corresponding to the display of "frequency" in the screen example of FIG. Note that "strength eyes" used in the following description
Is the S value or C value of binocular perfect correction, respectively,
The greater the absolute value of the frequency is, the more “weak eye” means the opposite. The astigmatism (C value) is read in a minus direction.

The apparatus first determines the presence or absence of astigmatism based on the binocular perfect correction value (STEP 1-1). If there is astigmatism, further oblique astigmatism (AXIS: 15 ° to 75 ° or 105 ° to 165
°) or not (STEP 1-2). Then, S of both eyes
Judgment of hyperopia (both eyes plus or one eye plus and one eye is 0) or myopia (both eyes minus or one eye minus and one eye is 0) according to the value (STEP 1-3 to 1-5) Thus, any one of the following frequency adjustments A to F is performed to calculate the adjustment frequency. When it is not possible to distinguish between hyperopia and myopia (when the S value of one eye is positive and the S value of the other eye is negative), the power adjustment is not performed, and a message indicating that the examiner makes adjustment is displayed.

[Automatic Adjustment A: No Astigmatism, Hyperopia] The apparatus determines whether or not the subject is wearing for the first time based on whether or not there is input of spectacle power data (presence or absence of eyeglass history) (STEP A). -1). Hereinafter, the same applies to automatic adjustments B to F.

[A-1] At the time of initial wearing, the left and right difference of the S value is compared (STEP A-2). If the difference between the left and right of the S value is within a predetermined power difference (hereinafter, the difference between the left and right of the S value or the C value will be described as being adjusted within 0.75D), the adjusted power remains the binocular perfect correction value. I do. When the left-right difference of the S value exceeds 0.75D, the S value of the strong eye is set to a value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye (STEP A-3).

[A-2] If it is not the first time, the left and right difference of the S value is compared (STEP A-4). If the left and right difference exceeds 0.75D,
The S value on the strong eye side is a value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye and the S value on the same side of the anterior spectacles is obtained by adding a predetermined frequency (for hyperopia, hereinafter + 0.75D). Obtain the larger of the absolute value and the value so that the value does not exceed the binocular perfect correction value (S
TEP A-5).

[Automatic Adjustment B: Myopia without Astigmatism] [B-1] At the time of initial wearing, first, calculation of table A in FIG. To obtain the correction amount ΔS1 and perform a correction process (hereinafter, referred to as a correction process A1) for both eyes to subtract the correction amount ΔS1 from the S value of the binocular perfect correction (STEP B-2). Next, the left-right difference after the correction processing is compared (STEP B-3), and when the difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is -0.75D added to the S value on the weak eye. Value (STEP B-4).

[B-2] When not wearing for the first time, the correction amount ΔS2 is obtained by calculation of table B in FIG. 14 based on the smaller difference between the front glasses and the binocular perfect correction value in the left and right S values. For both eyes, a correction process of subtracting the correction amount ΔS2 from the S value of the binocular perfect correction (hereinafter referred to as a correction process B1) is performed.
(STEP B-5). Next, the difference between the left and right S values after the correction process is compared.
(STEP B-6) When the difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is determined by adding a predetermined value to the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value of the corrected weak eye and the S value of the front glasses. (In the case of myopia, the following -0.
75D) to get the larger of the absolute value and the value
Make sure that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (STEP B-7).

[Automatic Adjustment C: Case of Hyperopia with Astigmatism without Oblique Astigmatism] [C-1] At the time of initial wear, first, based on the value of the C-value weak eye, the table C of FIG. A correction amount ΔC1 is obtained by the calculation, and a correction process is performed for both eyes to subtract the correction amount ΔC1 from the C value of the binocular perfect correction (hereinafter referred to as a correction process C1).
(STEP C-2). Subsequently, the S value of both eyes is a value obtained by adding a half of the correction amount ΔC1 to the binocular perfect correction value to obtain an equivalent spherical surface (S
TEP C-3). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STE
If PC-4) exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is set to a value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye (STEP C-5). Next, the difference between the left and right C values after the correction processing C1 is compared (STEP C-
6) If it exceeds 0.75D, the C value of the strong eye is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the weak eye (STEP C-7).

[C-2] If it is not initial wear, first, based on the determination of the presence or absence of astigmatism in the values of the front glasses (STEP C-8), if there is no astigmatism, the same power adjustment as in the initial wear is performed (STEP C-8). C-2 to C-
7). When there is astigmatism in the anterior spectacles value, the correction amount ΔC2 is obtained by the calculation of table D in FIG. 14 based on the smaller difference between the anterior spectacles value and the binocular perfect correction value in the left and right C values.
Both eyes perform a correction process of subtracting the correction amount ΔC2 from the C value of the binocular perfect correction (hereinafter referred to as a correction process D1) (STE
PC-9). Subsequently, the S value of both eyes is set to a value obtained by adding half of the correction amount ΔC2 to the binocular perfect correction value to obtain an equivalent spherical surface (STEP
C-10). Then, the difference between the left and right of the obtained S value is compared (STEP
C-11) When the difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is the S value on the same side of the front glasses as the value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye on an equivalent spherical surface. The larger of the absolute value and the value obtained by adding + 0.75D is obtained so that the value does not exceed the completely corrected value (STEP C-12). Next, when the difference between the left and right C values after the correction processing D1 exceeds 0.75D (STEP C-13), the C value on the strong eye side is equal to the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value on the weak eye. Obtain the larger absolute value of the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value on the same side of the glasses so that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (S
TEP C-14). [Automatic Adjustment D: Myopia with Astigmatism without Oblique Astigmatism] [D-1] When wearing for the first time, correction processing C1 is performed (STEP D-
2), a correction process A1 is performed (STEP D-3). Then, the left and right difference of the obtained S value is compared (STEP D-4), and when it exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is set to a value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value of the weak eye ( STEP D-5). Next, the difference between the left and right C values after the correction process C1 is compared (STEP D-6). If the difference exceeds 0.75D, the C value of the strong eye is set to the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the weak eye. (STE
P D-7).

[D-2] If it is not the initial wear, first, it is determined whether or not the astigmatism of the anterior spectacle power is present (STEP D-8). If there is astigmatism, a correction process D1 is performed (STEP D-9). Subsequently, a correction process B1 is performed (STEP D-10). Then, the difference between the left and right of the obtained S value is compared (STEP D-11). If it exceeds 0.75D,
The S value on the strong eye side is the larger of the absolute value of the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value of the weak eye and the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value on the same side of the front glasses, Make sure that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (STEP D-12). Next, the left and right difference of the C value after the correction processing D1 is compared (STEP D-13). If the difference exceeds 0.75D, the C value on the strong eye side is obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value on the weak eye. The greater of the absolute value of the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the front glasses on the same side as the value is obtained so that the value does not exceed the completely corrected value (STEP D-14).

If there is no astigmatism in the determination of the presence or absence of astigmatism in the front spectacle power, the correction processing C1 and the correction processing B1 are performed (STEP D-).
15, D-16). After that, the left and right differences of the obtained S values are compared (STE
P D-17), when exceeding 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value of the weak eye and the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value on the same side of the front glasses. Obtain the larger absolute value of, and ensure that the value does not exceed the perfect correction value (STEP D-18).
Next, when the left and right difference of the C value after the correction process C1 exceeds 0.75D, the C value on the strong eye side is set to a value obtained by adding −0.75D to the C value of the weak eye (STEP D-19, D -20).

[Automatic Adjustment E: Case of Hyperopia with Oblique Astigmatism] [E-1] At the time of initial wear, the left and right C values are both -0.50.
It is determined whether the C value is equal to or less than D (hereinafter, the C value is equal to or less than -0.50D, which means the smaller frequency, ie, -0.25D or -0.50D) (STEP E-2). In oblique astigmatism, it is often better for the subject not to perform astigmatism correction when the C value is small. Therefore, when the C values are both -0.5D or less, the astigmatism is ignored and the C value is set to 0. S
The value is set to a value equivalent to a spherical equivalent by adding half of each C value (STEP E-3). Thereafter, the left and right difference of the obtained S value is compared (STEP E-4), and if it exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is a value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye ( STEP E-5).

Determination of whether the C value is -0.5 D or less (STEP E-
In 2), at least one of the left and right C values is -0.
If it exceeds 5D, perform the correction process C1 (STEP E-6),
The S value of both eyes is set to an equivalent spherical surface by adding half of the correction amount ΔC1 to the binocular perfect correction value (STEP E-7). Subsequently, when the obtained left-right difference of the S value exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is set to a value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye (STEP
E-8, E-9). Next, the difference between the left and right C values after the correction process C1 is 0.75.
If it exceeds D, the C value of the strong eye is -0.75 to the C value of the weak eye.
D is added (STEP E-10, E-11).

[E-2] If the subject is not wearing the first time, it is first determined whether the left and right C values are both -0.5 D or less (STEP
E-12) Then, it is determined whether or not each of the front glasses has astigmatism (STEP E-13, E-14).

If the C values of the binocular perfect correction are both within -0.5 D and the anterior spectacles do not have astigmatism, the C value is set to 0, and the left and right S values are added to the equivalent spherical surface by adding half of each C value. (STEP E-15). Then, the difference between the left and right of the obtained S value is compared (STEP E-16). When the difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value of the weak eye having an equivalent spherical surface. The greater of the absolute value of the calculated value and the value obtained by adding + 0.75D to the S value on the same side of the front glasses is obtained, so that the value does not exceed the completely corrected value (STEP E-17).

When the anterior spectacles have astigmatism irrespective of the C value of the binocular perfect correction, the same processing as in STEPs C-9 to C-14 is performed (STE
P E-18 ~ 23).

At least one of the left and right C values is -0.0.
If 5D is exceeded and the anterior spectacles do not have astigmatism, a correction process C1 is performed (STEP E-24), and the S value of both eyes is equivalent spherical surface by adding half of the correction amount ΔC1 to the binocular perfect correction value. (STEP E-25). Then, the difference between the left and right of the obtained S value is compared (STEP E-26), and if the difference exceeds 0.75D, STEPC-
The same processing as in step 12 is performed (STEP E-27). Next, the left and right difference of the C value after the correction process C1 is compared (STEP E-28),
If it exceeds 0.75D, the C value of the strong eye is set to a value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the weak eye (STEP E-29).

[Automatic Adjustment F: Myopia with Oblique Astigmatism] [F-1] When wearing for the first time, the left and right C values are both -0.5.
It is determined whether it is less than or equal to D (STEP F-2). Both C values are -0.5
If it is within D, the C value is set to 0 for both (STEP F-3).
Subsequently, a correction process A1 is performed on the S value (STEP F-4). Then, the left and right difference of the obtained S value is compared (STEP F-5). If the left and right difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is a value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value on the weak eye. (STEP F-6).

Determination of whether the C value is -0.5 D or less (STEP F-
In 2), at least one of the left and right C values is -0.
If it exceeds 5D, a correction process C1 is performed (STEP F-7).
Subsequently, a correction process A1 is performed on the S value (STEP F-8). Then, the left and right difference of the obtained S value is compared (STEP F-9). If the left and right difference exceeds 0.75D, the S value on the strong eye side is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the S value on the weak eye. (STEP F-10). Next, the left and right difference of the C value after the correction processing C1 is compared (STEP F-11). If the left and right difference exceeds 0.75D, the C value of the strong eye is the C value of the weak eye.
A value obtained by adding -0.75D to the value (STEP F-12).

[F-2] If the subject is not wearing the first time, it is first determined whether the C value of the left and right binocular perfect correction is less than -0.5 D (STEP F-13). It is determined whether or not the front glasses have astigmatism (C value) (STEP F-14, F-15).

When the C value of the binocular perfect correction is within -0.5 D and the anterior spectacles do not have astigmatism, the C value is set to 0 (STEP F-1).
6). Subsequently, a correction process B1 is performed (STEP F-17). Thereafter, the left and right difference of the obtained S value is compared (STEP F-18). If the left and right difference exceeds 0.75D, the same process as in STEP B-7 is performed for the S value on the strong eye side (STEP F- 19).

If the front glasses have astigmatism irrespective of the C value of the binocular perfect correction, the same processing as in STEPs D-9 to D-14 is performed (STE
P F-20 to F-25).

At least one of the left and right C values is -0.0.
If 5D is exceeded and the front glasses do not have astigmatism, the C value performs correction processing C1 (STEP F-26), and the S value performs correction processing B1 (STEP F-27). Then, the left and right difference of the obtained S value is compared (STEP F-28). If the left and right difference exceeds 0.75D, the same process as in STEP B-7 is performed for the S value on the strong eye side (STEP F-28). 29)
. Next, the difference between the left and right C values after the correction process C1 is compared (STEP
F-30) If the difference between left and right exceeds 0.75D, C
The value is the value obtained by adding -0.75D to the C value of the weak eye (STEP F-
31).

As described above, when the apparatus can discriminate between hyperopia and myopia, it performs any of the automatic adjustments A to F and automatically calculates the optimum frequency.

In the above-mentioned automatic adjustment program, the adjustment amount for adjusting the S value or C value on the strong eye side is different from the S value or C value when the change from the front glasses on the same side is used. ± 0.75D (three steps) adjustment (STE
P A-5, B-7, C-14, etc.) ± 0.50D (2
Alternatively, the adjustment amount of (step) may be changed. This is because there is a difference in the ability of the front glasses to adapt to a change in power depending on the age. A young person can adapt even if there is a three-step (0.75D) change in the power of the front glasses, but as the age increases, the two-step (0.50D) change is generally limited. Therefore, if the adjustment amount of the prescription power is changed according to the adaptability of the eye to be examined, the prescription can be made more suitable for the wearer. The change of the frequency adjustment amount can be input in advance before executing the automatic adjustment program.

In the above embodiment, the correction processing A1 to D
Although the correction amounts ΔS1, ΔS2, ΔC1, and ΔC2 of 1 are obtained by calculation, it is also possible to prepare table tables in advance and obtain them based on these.

In the above automatic adjustment program, the astigmatism is divided into two types, that is, oblique astigmatism (AXIS: 15 ° to 75 ° or 105 ° to 165 °), and the frequency is calculated. Sometimes even astigmatism (AXIS: 0 ~ 14 ° or 166 ° ~
180 °) or astigmatism (AXIS: 74 ° to 104 °) can change the calculation method of the adjustment frequency to enable more accurate adjustment and reduce the pain and complaints of the subject it can. This is for the following reason.

The optometry is usually performed by a distance test such as 5 m, and the astigmatic power obtained therefrom is used not only for distant but also near glasses. When looking at the vicinity, the accommodation function works and the lens in the eye swells, causing a change in the astigmatic power. The human lens is physiologically astigmatic (a state in which light is bent more strongly in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction), and when the adjustment function works, the rate of the astigmatism often increases. For this reason, the astigmatism degree at a distant place becomes weaker when looking at the nearer if the astigmatism is direct astigmatism, and becomes stronger if the astigmatism is inverted astigmatism. Eyeglasses and the like are used not only for viewing from a distance, but also for viewing from a distance to a near place (in fact, it is more frequently used to look at a near place). Considering the effect of correcting astigmatism when looking at the near side, it is better to prescribe straight astigmatism weaker and inverted astigmatism stronger (closer to the perfect correction value).

A power adjustment program that takes into account the cases of straight astigmatism and inverted astigmatism using the above properties will be described (see FIGS. 15 to 17). Judgment of oblique astigmatism (S
After it is determined by TEP1-2) that it is not oblique astigmatism, it is determined whether or not it is straight astigmatism (STEP 2-1). At the time of straight astigmatism, the adjustment power is calculated by the procedure from STEP 1-4 onward as described above.
If it is not straight astigmatism (at the time of inverted astigmatism), first, S
Based on the value, it is determined whether hyperopia (both eyes are positive or one eye is positive and one eye is 0) or myopia (both eyes are negative or one eye is negative and one eye is 0) (STEP 2-2). The automatic adjustment 2C shown in FIG. 16 or the automatic adjustment 2D shown in FIG. 17 is performed.
The C value in the automatic adjustment in this case remains the binocular perfect correction value, and only the S value is adjusted in the same manner as the automatic adjustments C and D described above.

This method can be modified as follows. For example, when the left-right difference of the C value is taken into consideration, the strong eye side may be adjusted so as to fall within the range of three steps or the like on the basis of the weak eye.

Alternatively, in table C and table D shown in FIG. 14 used in the automatic adjustment program for automatic astigmatism (automatic adjustment C in FIG. 10 and automatic adjustment D in FIG. 11),
The correction amount ΔC1 and the correction amount ΔC2 may be reduced so that the adjustment value of the C value approaches the perfect correction frequency. That is, the arithmetic expressions for obtaining the correction amounts ΔC1 and ΔC2 for table C and table D are changed as follows.

C1 / 2 → C1 / 3, C1 / 4, etc. C2 / 2 → C2 / 3, C2 / 4, etc. The change of the adjustment value of the C value at the time of astigmatic astigmatism can be changed by using the parameter set menu. If the examiner is allowed to freely set the adjustment frequency, it is possible to calculate the adjustment frequency in accordance with the examiner's policy, which is convenient.

(B) Adjustment of distance correction power for visual acuity priority Next, an automatic adjustment program for giving priority to a visual acuity value desired by the wearer will be described. In the screen example of FIG.
When the function switch 45 corresponding to the display is input, a screen for inputting a desired visual acuity value is displayed as shown in FIG. Input of eyesight value is dial switch 4
Operate 2 In this case, a visual acuity value higher than the visual acuity value when the complete correction value is obtained cannot be input.

When the desired visual acuity value has been input, the automatic adjustment program is executed by pressing the function switch 45 corresponding to the "execute" display at the bottom of the screen. Calculation of the frequency for the desired visual acuity value is performed based on the table shown in FIG. The power calculation table associates the power D0 subtracted from the perfect correction power with the desired visual power VA2 for each visual power VA1 when the complete correction power is obtained.
For example, the visual acuity value VA1 = 1.
0, when the S value of the complete correction = −3.75 (D),
If the desired visual acuity value VA2 is 0.8, since the frequency D0 = -0.25 (D) to be reduced from the table, the adjustment power is obtained by subtracting -0.25 (D) from -3.75 (D). T
3.50 (D). This table has the same S value and C value, but a dedicated table may be separately provided for the C value. The frequency for the desired visual acuity value may be expressed by a mathematical expression without using a table.

Also, the desired visual acuity value is calculated by associating the desired visual acuity value with the visual acuity value based on the previous spectacle power (the naked eye visual acuity value in a first-time wearer) and the visual acuity value obtained when the complete correction value is obtained. May be. In this way, a more appropriate power can be calculated according to the individual refractive power of the subject.

The calculation of the power for the desired visual acuity value may be performed as follows. After executing the automatic adjustment program of the above-mentioned power-priority distance correction power adjustment, it is determined whether or not the visual acuity value desired by the subject can be secured by the calculated power, and if the visual acuity value can be secured, the adjustment is performed. It should be a frequency. Alternatively, when the power based on the desired visual acuity value is weaker (closer to the power of the front glasses) than the power based on the above-described power priority adjustment, it becomes easier to become accustomed to the glasses, and in some cases, it may be convenient. . On the other hand, when the visual acuity value desired by the subject cannot be secured, the power required to secure the desired visual acuity value is added based on the calculated power. The frequency to be added can be obtained by a table or calculation prepared in advance.

<Adjustment of Frequency by Examiner> The result is displayed on the display 30 by executing the automatic adjustment program. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a screen example of the display 30 after the automatic adjustment. The central display 80 changes to the prescription mode, and the S value and the C value of the display indicate the frequency automatically adjusted by the apparatus, and a message indicating that the distance power has been adjusted is displayed below the central display 80. -Message is displayed. An optical system corresponding to the automatically adjusted power is set in both inspection windows of the subjective refraction power inspection apparatus 2, and a visual acuity value of 0.9 is obtained from the optotype presenting apparatus.
A visual acuity value visual target having a visual target set of ~ 1.2 is presented (when a desired visual acuity value is input, a visual target having the visual acuity value is automatically presented). The examiner confirms the appearance of the adjusted power and finely adjusts the distance correction power by operating a switch.

The device for manual adjustment changes the power of the item to be adjusted when a switch input is made, based on the presence or absence of hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and the presence of oblique astigmatism, which the power calculated by the automatic adjustment program has. It has a control program (see FIGS. 21 and 22). When the automatic adjustment program is executed, the frequency of the item to be adjusted is automatically adjusted by inputting the changeover switch 43a or 43b after obtaining the response of the appearance of the subject. For details of this control program, refer to Japanese Patent Application No. 8-192839. The result of the fine adjustment by the examiner is stored in the memory 52.

After the correction of the distance correction power is completed, a near vision test is performed if necessary, the prescription power is determined, the test result is printed out, and the subjective test is completed.

The results of each subject thus obtained are stored in the memory 52 (when the storage capacity is limited, the memory 56 on the relay unit 6 side). When this test result is stored for a large number of subjects, and the large number of test results are statistically processed and fed back to the frequency calculation method by the automatic adjustment program, a value closer to the value finely adjusted by the examiner is obtained by the apparatus. Can be calculated. This method will be described.

The automatic adjustment program described above (FIGS. 8 to 1)
3 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3), the S value and the C value are adjusted based on the correction processes A1 to D1. The calculation formula used in these correction processes is: S value after correction = Binocular perfect correction S value− (Binocular perfect correction S value−Anterior spectacle S value) / 2 (Formula 1) C value = Binocular perfect correction C value− (Binocular perfect correction C value−Anterior spectacle C value) / 2 (Expression 2) For a first-time wearer, the front glasses S value and the front glasses C value may be set to zero.

Here, it is considered that the correction amount calculation terms of Expressions 1 and 2 are multiplied by correction coefficients α and β, which are variables, respectively, and the corrected S value = binocular perfect correction S value − ｛(binocular Completely corrected S value-Anterior spectacle S value) / 2 {α ... (Equation 3) Corrected C value = Binocular perfect correction C value-{(Binocular perfect correction C value-Anterior spectacle C value) / 2} β (Equation 4) The correction coefficients α and β are correction coefficients for compensating for the difference between the adjustment power calculated by the automatic adjustment program and the prescription power finely adjusted by the examiner (the initial setting value of the correction coefficients α and β = 1. And keep it).

When the examiner finely adjusts the prescription power, the binocular perfect correction, and the anterior spectacles, the components of the S value and the C value are applied to the above equations 3 and 4, respectively, taking this into account. Are calculated. When data for a large number of subjects is collected (for example, it is more advantageous to have a large number of samples such as 100 to 1000), the average value of the correction coefficients α and β is calculated, and Equation 3 is obtained. , 4 are fed back and used for the correction processes A1 to D1 in the automatic adjustment program. As a result, the adjustment power calculated by the automatic adjustment program comes closer to the power after the fine adjustment performed by the examiner, and the power preferred by the examiner is calculated for each apparatus. Therefore, the fine adjustment after the automatic adjustment goes smoothly, and the inspection efficiency can be improved.

The correction coefficients α and β obtained for each subject
The feedback may be performed when a certain amount of data is obtained (this is effective when the inspector in charge of the apparatus changes), or may be performed every time data is obtained from the beginning. You can also.

[0078]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to easily obtain the correction power of the state desired by the subject and improve the inspection efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view illustrating an entire configuration of an optometry apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a view of the controller as viewed from above.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating control of the apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flowchart of an optometry program of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a setting menu screen displayed on a display.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a screen at the start of a naked eye visual acuity test;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a screen for selecting which of the automatic adjustment programs is to be executed.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a frequency-priority automatic adjustment program.

FIG. 14 shows a tabl for obtaining a correction amount for adjusting a correction power.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating operations of eA to D.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a power adjustment program that takes into account cases of direct astigmatism and inverted astigmatism.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a power adjustment program that takes into account cases of direct astigmatism and inverted astigmatism.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a power adjustment program that considers cases of direct astigmatism and inverted astigmatism.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of a screen for inputting a desired visual acuity value when an automatic adjustment program with a visual acuity value priority is selected.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of a table used for calculating a frequency with respect to a desired visual acuity value.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen after automatic adjustment.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a control program for manual adjustment.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a control program for manual adjustment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Subjective refractive power measuring device 5 Controller 30 Display 31 Switch unit 36 Feed switch 50 Microcomputer 51, 52 Memory

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An ophthalmologic apparatus for obtaining a correction power for correcting a refractive error of an eye to be inspected, wherein data for inputting complete correction power of both eyes and visual acuity value data of the eye to be corrected when the eye is corrected to the complete correction power. Data input means, visual acuity value input means for inputting a visual acuity value desired by the subject, and a visual acuity value desired by the subject based on the input visual acuity value, the complete correction power, and the visual acuity value at that time. Storage means for storing a first program for estimating the correction power to secure the program, program progress means for proceeding the program, calculation means for obtaining the predicted prescription power in accordance with the program, and displaying the obtained predicted prescription power An optometric apparatus, comprising: 2. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: front glasses input means for inputting a power of the front glasses and a visual acuity value when wearing the front glasses. 3. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a correction amount storage unit configured to store a correction amount for adjusting the correction power with respect to the complete correction power as a correction table. 4. The optometry apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: factor input means for inputting a factor for adjusting the power, and adjusting the correction power for the perfect correction power based on the data input to the factor input means. An optometry apparatus comprising: a second program for estimating a frequency; and a selection unit for selecting which of the first and second programs is to be executed.