JPH08322406A - Method for carrying out both of purification of water and greening of waterside - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To purify water quality and form diverse scenes at the waterside by planting aquatic plants as well as terrestrial plants so as to simplify exchange or harvest at the watersides of closed water areas and rivers. CONSTITUTION: This method for carrying out both of purification of water quality and greening of waterside comprises packing a lightweight culture medium blended so that whole specific gravity becomes <1 into a bag body 4 comprising a perforated sheet or a net to form a mat-like planting floor and floating terrestrial plants planted on the mat-like planting floor on water so that the upper face of the planting floor becomes higher than water level or erecting and planting aqueous plants on the mat-like planting floor and floating the plants on water. At this time, a thin layer mat in which plants are planted may be placed on the mat-like planting floor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to a closed water area such as a lake,
The present invention relates to a technology for purifying water quality while improving the landscape by making it possible to easily cultivate not only aquatic plants but also terrestrial plants on the surface of the water such as rivers and dam sites in cities and rural areas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, it has been attempted to purify water quality by utilizing the fact that plants have a high ability to absorb eutrophic salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water. For example, water purification tests using water hyacinths, which are planktonic plants, have been widely conducted, and research using reeds such as reeds and reeds has also been advanced.
All of these are aquatic plants. Since non-recovered aquatic plants may cause re-pollution of water quality, a floatation device has been devised in which the perimeter of planted aquatic plants is surrounded by an outflow prevention net.

By the way, harvesting of aquatic plants is generally a problem. For example, water hyacinths that naturally grow in suspension are difficult to harvest, and non-recovered substances may cause recontamination of water quality. Moreover, reeds and reeds are not easy to mow, and residual plants and roots are not collected, which causes recontamination. Even the flotation device using the above-mentioned outflow prevention net cannot completely prevent pollution.

Therefore, if a technique capable of simplifying the harvest of such aquatic plants and preventing their re-pollution can be established, it can greatly contribute to the artificial improvement of water quality.

On the other hand, a method of improving the water quality and vegetation using terrestrial plants can be considered, but in the water culture of terrestrial plants, the life is short when the roots are immersed in water, which cannot improve the water quality. In order to solve this problem, the present inventors have proposed a method for vegetation of terrestrial plants using squid.
No. publication.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention solves the problem that aquatic plants are difficult to harvest when they are artificially cultivated in rivers and lakes by utilizing the fact that the plants have a water purification function. This is to solve the problem that land planting is difficult to plant on water.

[0007] Further, although the cultivation of terrestrial plants using scabbard as previously proposed can exert a certain effect,
There was a problem that the planting work was troublesome, and that labor was required for connection with greenhouse cultivation, plant replacement, and maintainability.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the total specific gravity is 1 in a bag made of a perforated sheet or a net.
A light weight medium mixed to be less than 1 is loaded to form a mat-shaped planting floor, and the upper surface of the planting floor is higher than the water surface when terrestrial plants are planted on this mat-shaped planting floor. Provide a water purification and waterside greening method that is characterized by floating in water.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, a bag-shaped body composed of a perforated sheet or a net is loaded with a lightweight medium mixed so that the overall specific gravity is less than 1, to form a mat-shaped planting floor. Provided is a water purification and waterside greening method characterized in that aquatic plants are independently planted on a mat-like planting floor and floated in water.

[0010]

When a light-weight medium having a specific gravity of less than 1 is constructed, a porous light material is used. Such a porous material also serves as a culture bed for underwater microorganisms, Providing water purification action by multiplication.

By loading such a light-weight medium into a bag made of a perforated sheet or net, a mat-like planting floor floating in water can be formed. The bag made of the perforated sheet or net. Acts as a support member that supports the root of the plant. Therefore, even a relatively tall plant can be made independent by inserting the root portion into the hole of the bag. In the case of vines, by crawl on the upper surface of the mat, greening can be done with a two-dimensional spread.

When terrestrial plants are planted on a mat-like planting floor according to the present invention and cultivated on the water, the upper surface of the mat is maintained at a position higher than the water surface. The height from the water surface is appropriately set depending on the type of plant, but by setting the upper surface of the mat above the water surface, the whole root of the terrestrial plant planted on the mat is not soaked in water and the upper part of the root is Maintains breathability. In particular, the lightweight medium loaded in the mat uses coarse particles having a relatively large particle size so as not to flow out from the bag holes and the net mesh.
In such coarse particles, there is a gap between the particles, and this gap serves to prevent water from entering. That is, even if the lower part of the lightweight medium in the mat is submerged in water, the amount of water that penetrates into the upper part of the medium is small. Therefore, the upper part of the root of the terrestrial plant is supported in the air, and sufficient air permeability is maintained.

Since terrestrial plants generally have a strong ability to absorb nutrient salts, many varieties have a water purification function and are also excellent for ornamental use. Therefore, according to the present invention, the water purification of terrestrial plants can achieve water purification and greening with good scenery at the same time.

On the other hand, when an aquatic plant is hydroponically grown on a mat-like planting floor according to the present invention, the plant is self-supported by inserting its roots into the holes of the bag or the net mesh as described above. Can be cultivated. At the time of harvesting, the mat-shaped planting floors may be landed and the plants removed from the mats. The mat-like planting floor itself is lightweight, and by choosing a shape and size that are easy to handle, this harvesting work can be performed extremely easily, and installation work is also easy.

As described above, according to the present invention, water quality improving action can be achieved by growing terrestrial plants or aquatic plants while utilizing nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, and various varieties can be achieved. By planting rich plants on the waterfront, it can be used for environmental beautification.
Moreover, harvesting and replanting can be performed by landing work, and the workability and the adaptability to the season are excellent, which is an effect.

In addition, the whole growing plant is landed at the time of harvesting, which solves the problem of re-pollution of water quality.
In addition, stationary cultivation can be performed without being affected by the shore topography, water depth, water flow, etc., and the amount of mating planted floors can be connected according to the landscape and water quality, and the amount of cultivation can be controlled freely. It produces the effect.

[0017]

EXAMPLE FIG. 1 shows a large number of mat-like planting floors 2 according to the present invention connected to the bank of a bank 1 in a water flow direction and floated on the mat-like planting floors 2. The figure shows the state of stationary cultivation.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section of the mat-shaped planting floor 2 according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows a schematic plane thereof. As shown in the figure, this mat-shaped planting floor 2 is a bag 4 made of a mesh-shaped non-woven net and loaded with a coarse-grained lightweight medium having a specific gravity of less than 1 as a whole. The shape is similar to thick futon, and its size is 20
It is 0 cm × 50 cm × thickness of 15 cm. However, this dimension is not limited to this example, and may be appropriately determined according to the place of installation and the type of plant to be planted.

In order to prevent the lightweight medium from flowing out of the non-woven net bag 4, a medium having a particle size larger than that of the mesh of the net is loaded. As this medium, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. , Granulated product 7 of lightweight expanded stone 5, pumice stone 6, artificial medium or light soil is used, and styrofoam pieces 8 are also appropriately mixed in order to improve the buoyancy of the whole. An appropriate amount of charcoal pieces 9 is also included.

In the example shown in FIGS. 2 to 3, terrestrial plants are planted on the mat-shaped planting floor 2. In this case, the upper surface level ML of the mat is floated on the water surface so that it is located higher than the water surface WL, and the height H from this water surface is properly adjusted depending on the type of terrestrial plant to be planted. 10c
m. At the height H, the upper part of the root of the plant planted through the meshes of the mesh 4 is not submerged in water, and only the portion extending below WL is immersed in water.

The cultivated soil at the height H part absorbs a small amount of water from the cultivated soil below the surface of the water, but since the cultivated soil is coarse, there are sufficient gaps between the grains, and therefore the amount of water absorption Is small. In addition, when terrestrial plants are planted on the mat-shaped planting floor 2, it is practical to grow seedlings in advance in a light-weight fixed medium rich in aeration and water absorption, and only the roots of the plants are provided with a caking material. Although it is practical to use the roots that have been hardened in the medium and then insert the roots that have been hardened in the medium into the mat, the exposed roots may be directly inserted into the mat in some cases.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which the mat-shaped planting floor 2 is installed on the lightweight formwork 10 that floats on the water in order to more stably float the mat-like planting floor 2 on the water surface. . By installing it on the lightweight mold 10, the height H from the water surface can be secured more stably, and by connecting the lightweight molds 10 to each other, a large number of mat-shaped plants can be planted. The beds 2 can be continuously connected.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which a thin layer mat 11 is further placed on the mat-shaped planting floor 2, plants are planted on the thin layer mat 11 and floated in water. This thin mat 1
Reference numeral 1 is a thin mat-like material obtained by mixing an artificial medium such as barlite or vermiculai or a light soil with an artificial material of a fibrous mesh. Seedlings are planted by sowing seeds of planting plants such as floating rice or flowering plants. By placing the thin layer mat 11 thus raised on the mat-shaped planting floor 2 and floating it on the water, the roots of these plants will stick to the mat-like planting floor 2 below and grow freely. To do.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, an example of cultivating a terrestrial plant on the water is shown. However, aquatic plants such as reeds and reeds, as well as floating plants such as water hyacinth, can be handled freely by using the mat-like planting floor 2. Can be grown. In this case, unlike the terrestrial plants, the level ML on the upper surface of the mat does not necessarily need to be higher than the water surface, and may be floated on the water surface so that WL and ML are almost at the same position.

In carrying out the present invention, the amount of the light weight medium used is adjusted in advance according to the growth weight of the plant to be planted, and the height H from the water surface is adjusted according to the type of plant during the growth process. To be maintained properly. As a result, when a terrestrial plant grows, its upper part comes into contact with the air and grows at the tip of the root by entwining with the underwater porous material, which makes the growth of the root significantly better than when it floats in running water. The ability to support the upper plants is also increased. Also,
If various porous materials with a large surface area and high surface activity are used as a light-weight medium, the floating ability will increase, and the chemical,
Microbiological water purification capacity is enhanced.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the mat-like planting floor has a quilting futon-like shape, but if the plant is planted, it can be stably floated on the water surface.
Any shape can be used, and various shapes can be used for the bag body used. For example, it is possible to combine a large number of tubular bag bodies loaded with a lightweight medium into a squid shape or a ring shape. Further, the material for forming the bag is not limited to the net, but a lightweight resin sheet or a rubber sheet with appropriate holes may be used.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since a light-weight medium that floats in water with a specific gravity of less than 1 was used to form a mat-like planting floor that floats in water, terrestrial plants can be planted on the water surface while ensuring air permeability at the root of this planting floor. It becomes possible and aquatic plants can be planted freely. The exchange work and the harvest work can be easily performed by landing the mat-shaped planting floor, and the water quality is not polluted at the time of harvest.

From the above, it becomes possible to easily cultivate not only aquatic plants but also terrestrial plants on the surface of water in closed water areas such as lakes, rivers in cities and regions, and on the shore of dam sites such as dam sites. Clean water quality. In addition, the collected plants can be reused as greening plants and can also be used for biomass conversion. The lightweight medium also serves as a culture bed for microorganisms and contributes to improving water quality by microorganisms.

A variety of landscapes can be obtained by connecting the mat-shaped planting floors in which different types of plants are planted, and an environment suitable for a waterside landscape can be formed. In addition, since the method of the present invention can be applied to any plant in principle, it is possible to cultivate throughout the year by selecting various plants according to the season and time, and to combine landscape and water purification. It has an excellent effect that it is possible to collect highly useful plants while achieving it.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a state where various terrestrial plants are hydroponically grown on the shore according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a mat-like planting floor according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the mat-like planting floor of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a mat-shaped planting floor and a lightweight formwork on which the mat-shaped planting floor is placed.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example in which a thin layer mat is placed on a mat-shaped planting floor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Embankment 2 Mat-like planting floor 3 Plant 4 Net bag 5 Light expanded stone 6 Pumice stone 7 Granulated product of artificial medium or light soil 8 Styrofoam piece 9 Charcoal piece 10 Lightweight formwork 11 Thin layer mat

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A mat-shaped planting floor is formed by loading a lightweight medium, which is mixed so that the overall specific gravity is less than 1, into a bag made of perforated sheets or nets. A water purification and waterside greening method, characterized in that, in the state where terrestrial plants are planted in, the plants are suspended in water so that the upper surface of the planting floor is higher than the water surface. 2. A mat-shaped planting floor is formed by loading a lightweight medium, which is mixed so that the overall specific gravity is less than 1, into a bag made of perforated sheets or nets. A water purification and waterside tree planting method, characterized in that aquatic plants are planted independently and suspended in water. 3. The water purification and waterside greening method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of mat-shaped planting floors are connected along the shore. 4. The water purification and waterside greening method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein charcoal is mixed in the lightweight medium loaded in the bag. 5. The mat-like planting floor is set on a formwork that acts as a float and floated on the water surface.
Or the water purification and waterside greening method described in 4. 6. The water purification and cleaning method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the plant is planted in a thin layer mat, and the thin layer mat in which the plant is planted is placed on the mat-like planting floor. Waterside greening method.