JPH08320688A - Automatic performance device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To variable control variously musical sound elements such as volume and tone color, etc., of a performance sound according to a change in a performance tempo. CONSTITUTION: The tempo of automatic performance is variable set, and plural different kinds of musical sound control information are imparted, and respective musical sound control information are revised according to the set tempo, and a musical sound signal having characteristics such as volume, tone color, etc., controlled by the revised musical sound control information is generated automatically according to the set tempo. At this time, related to at least two different musical sound control information (e.g. volume setting information and velocity information), the revision according to the set tempo are performed according to independent revision characteristics respectively.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic musical instrument such as a sequencer for an electronic musical instrument, an automatic accompaniment apparatus, an automatic rhythm musical instrument, etc., so that musical tone control information such as volume can be variably controlled according to the tempo of automatic musical performance. Regarding what you did.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a sequencer type automatic performance device for storing performance information input from a keyboard of an electronic musical instrument, a computer or the like and reproducing a performance sound based on the stored performance information, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-211191. And Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-193192. In this type of automatic performance device, performance information is read from a memory according to a tempo clock and a tone signal is generated based on the performance information. In this case, in the conventional automatic performance device, the tempo of the reproduction performance could be freely changed to a desired one by variably controlling the tempo clock frequency, but the reproduction performance sound was changed according to the change in the performance tempo. The volume, tone, etc. could not be changed automatically.

[0003]

By the way, in the case of manually playing a natural musical instrument, if the performance tempo is changed during the performance, it is rare that the volume and tone color of the performance sound are exactly the same as before the tempo change. Instead, it is natural that the volume, tone color, etc. of the performance sound also change subtly in association with a subtle change in the performance operation when the tempo is changed. However, in the conventional automatic performance device, as described above, even if the tempo clock frequency is changed, the volume and tone of the automatic performance sound did not automatically change. There was a problem of poor expression. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to provide an automatic performance device capable of variably controlling musical tone elements such as volume and tone of a performance sound in accordance with a change in performance tempo.

[0004]

An automatic performance device according to the present invention includes a tempo setting means for setting a tempo of an automatic performance, a tone control information generating means for generating a plurality of different types of tone control information, The tone control information is changed in accordance with the tempo set by the tempo setting means, and at least two different tone control information are changed according to the tempo according to independent change characteristics. Changing means; and automatic tone generating means for automatically generating a tone signal having characteristics controlled according to the changed tone control information in accordance with the tempo set by the tempo setting means. .

[0005] The tempo of the automatic performance is arbitrarily set by the tempo setting means, and the automatic tone generation means automatically generates a tone signal in accordance with the set tempo. A plurality of different types of tone control information are generated from the tone control information generating means, and the characteristics of the tone signal such as volume and tone color are controlled by each tone control information. In the present invention, the tone control information generated by the tone control information generating means is provided to the automatic tone generating means via the tone control information changing means. The tone control information changing means includes a tempo setting means. The tone control information is changed in accordance with the tempo set in step (1). Therefore, the characteristics such as the volume and the tone color of the automatic performance sound are automatically changed according to the change of the tempo of the automatic performance. Here, in the tone control information changing means, at least 2
The different tone control information is changed according to the set tempo according to independent change characteristics. Therefore, it is possible to diversify / diversify the manner of changing each musical tone control information according to the set tempo,
A rich performance expression can be performed.

For example, the at least two different tone control information items that are changed according to the independent changing characteristics are volume volume setting information and velocity information (that is, touch information) that are used for tone volume control. In that case, even if the same volume is controlled according to the set tempo, the control characteristics can be greatly varied depending on the type of information, and special control is possible. For example, as the set tempo increases, the amount of change in the volume volume setting information decreases, and the amount of change in the velocity information increases. Conversely, as the set tempo decreases,
When the volume change information of volume setting information is large and the change amount of velocity information is small, the change characteristics are opposite to each other. Therefore, the tempo interlocking control for other musical tone control information (for example, information for tone color filter control) can be made conspicuous to that extent. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other special controls can be appropriately performed by performing tempo-linked control of each tone control information according to independent change characteristics.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of an automatic performance apparatus to which the present invention is applied. That is, this automatic performance device includes a tempo setting means for setting a tempo of automatic performance, a tone control information generating means for generating a plurality of different types of tone control information, and a tempo set by the tempo setting means. And changing the tone control information accordingly.
The musical tone control information changing means for changing the three different musical tone control information according to the tempo according to the respective independent changing characteristics, and the musical tone signal having the characteristic controlled according to the changed musical tone control information, The musical tone automatic generating means is automatically generated according to the tempo set by the setting means.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a sequencer type automatic performance apparatus. A microprocessor unit (CPU) 10 controls the operation of the entire automatic performance apparatus. A program and data memory 11, a working register 12, a sequencer memory 13, an operation panel 14,
The input / output device 15 and the tempo clock generator 18 are connected. In this embodiment, the numbers 10 to 15, 18, and 19 are used.
Is a sequencer module, to which a keyboard circuit 16 and a sound source module 17 are connected via an input / output device 15. The exchange of data between each module is well known MIDI
Performed by standards. Program and data memory 11 is C
It stores various programs and various data of the PU 10, and is configured by a read-only memory (ROM). The working register 12 temporarily stores various data generated when the CPU 10 executes a program, and is assigned with a predetermined address area of a random access memory (RAM). The sequencer memory 13 is composed of a random access memory (RAM) and stores performance information.

The operation panel 14 includes various operators for selecting, setting, and controlling a tone color, a volume, a pitch, an effect, and the like. For example, the operation panel 14 has a volume for setting a volume. The data indicating the performed volume is used as volume data. The input / output device 15 is for inputting and outputting performance information expressed in the MIDI standard. A keyboard circuit 16 for inputting arbitrary performance information to the sequencer module is connectable, and an input / output device 15 outputs from the sequencer module. A sound source 17 for receiving performance information can be connected. Of course, a computer or the like can be connected in place of the keyboard circuit 16 to input desired performance information. The keyboard circuit 16 includes a circuit composed of a plurality of key switches provided corresponding to respective keys of the keyboard for designating a pitch of a musical tone to be generated, and is provided when a new key is pressed. Outputs key-on event information,
When a key is newly released, key-off event information is output. In addition, a process of generating touch data is performed by determining a key pressing operation speed or a pressing force when a key is pressed, and the generated touch data is output as velocity data.
As described above, the key-on / key-off event information and the velocity information are represented by the MIDI standard, and also include a key code and data indicating an assigned channel, as described later.

The sound source 17 is capable of simultaneously generating musical tone signals on a plurality of channels, inputs performance information (data conforming to the MIDI standard) given via the input / output device 15, and based on this data. Generates a tone signal. As the tone signal generation method in the sound source 17, any method may be used. For example, a memory reading method for sequentially reading tone waveform sample value data stored in a waveform memory according to address data that changes corresponding to the pitch of a tone to be generated, or a predetermined frequency using the above address data as phase angle parameter data. A well-known method such as an FM method for performing a modulation operation to obtain musical tone waveform sample value data or an AM method for performing a predetermined amplitude modulation operation using the address data as phase angle parameter data to obtain a tone waveform sample value data. You may employ suitably. The digital tone signal generated from the sound source 17 is converted into an analog tone signal by a D / A converter (not shown), and is emitted through a sound system (not shown).

The tempo clock generator 18 generates a tempo clock pulse for counting time intervals and setting the tempo for automatic performance. The frequency of this tempo clock pulse is the tempo on the operation panel 14. It can be adjusted by the setting operator. The generated tempo clock pulse is given to the CPU 10 as an interrupt command, and the automatic performance process is executed by the interrupt process. The automatic performance information stored in the sequencer memory 13 is information indicating a performance sequence, and the performance information is sequentially stored in the recording mode according to the actual performance procedure of the performer. In the play mode, the stored contents are stored according to the tempo clock. Read sequentially. The stored performance information is various information based on information events on the keyboard circuit 16 and the operation panel 14. That is,
Key-on event information is stored when a key is pressed, key-off event information is stored when a key is released, and time information indicating a time interval between the events is stored between the events. Further, the volume change event information is stored when the volume control is operated on the operation panel 14, and the control change event information is stored when necessary even when the operation of another operator is changed.
The procedure for recording these automatic performance information is well-known, and therefore detailed description is omitted.

The performance information stored in the sequencer memory 13 has, for example, a MIDI standard data format. FIG. 3 shows an example of four types of information of “key on”, “key off”, “time interval”, and “volume change”. The first byte of each data is a status byte (a byte used as an identification code for determining the type of the message) indicating the type of the message, and the second and third bytes following this are data bytes. . The “key-on” data, that is, the first byte of the key-on event information is “9” indicating that the data is “key-on” data, and “X” indicating the MIDI channel number to which the key-on event is assigned. And is represented by an identification code “9X”. The “key-off” data, that is, the first byte of the key-off event information is “8” indicating that the data is “key-off” data, and “X” indicating the MIDI channel number to which the key-off event is assigned. And is represented by an identification code “8X”.
The second byte of the “key-on” and “key-off” data indicates the key code of the key, and the third byte is velocity data that is touch information of the key.

The identification code "F4" in the first byte of the "time interval" data is undefined in the MIDI standard, but in this embodiment, it is used as the time interval identification code indicating the tone generation timing of a musical tone. The time interval is represented by the upper 7 bits of the second byte and the lower 7 bits of the third byte. The first byte of the "volume change" data consists of "B" indicating that the data is control change data and "X" indicating the MIDI channel number of the control change, and the identification code "BX". ] Is represented. The data "07" in the second byte indicates that the content of the control change is a volume change, and the data in the third byte indicates the volume value. MID as above
In the I standard, one unit of event information or time information is composed of 3-byte data. Sequencer memory 13
In the above, 1 address designated by the pointer is 1 byte, and 1 unit of event information or time information consisting of 3 byte data is stored in 3 consecutive pointer addresses.

In this embodiment, the sequencer memory 13 has a size of 32 tracks. One track corresponds to one performance part. Further, it is possible to generate musical tones of 16 channels per track. That is, one performance part is 16-channel polyphonic. MI described above
The 1st byte channel “X” of the DI standard indicates any of 16 channels in one track. The sequencer memory 13 stores sequential performance information for each track, and reads out the performance information of each track during reproduction. In this embodiment, when the tempo clock frequency is changed, velocity data (that is, touch data)
And volume data (that is, volume data) are automatically corrected in accordance with the tempo clock frequency. As an example of the correction method in that case, correction is performed using a velocity correction function or correction table and a volume correction function or correction table in which the tempo clock frequency is a variable. In this case, the performer sets the desired velocity correction function and volume correction function by using the preset velocity correction table and volume correction table, and performs manual correction using the preset velocity correction function and volume correction function. You can choose to do it.

Next, FIG. 2 executed by the CPU 10
An example of the processing of the automatic performance device will be described based on the flowcharts shown in FIGS. Before that, the contents of the working register 12 used in each process will be described. The following registers are set in the working register 12, respectively. FLG: identification code register for storing the identification code in the first byte of one unit of performance information MD (TRK): mode register for storing operation modes such as reproduction, recording, and stop for each track POINT (TRK) : A pointer that specifies the address of the sequencer memory 13 for each track. • PRI: A preset mode that uses a correction table that is standardly provided in the device, or a manual mode that uses a correction function arbitrarily set by the user. Is the correction mode register that indicates
I = “1”, and PRI = “0” in the manual mode.・ KCD: Key code register for temporarily storing key code ・ VEL: Velocity register for storing velocity data ・ VOL: Volume register for storing volume data ・ VELC (TRK): Velocity correction for manual mode set by player Velocity correction function register VOLC (TR
K): Volume correction function register for storing the volume correction function for the manual mode set by the performer for each track. TEMP: Tempo setting register for storing tempo data for setting the tempo clock frequency. TRK: Currently being processed. Track number register indicating track numbers (1 to 32) TIME (TRK): Time interval register for storing time interval data for each track

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a main routine processed by the CPU 10. First, when the power is turned on,
The CPU 10 starts processing according to the program and the control program stored in the data memory 11. In "initialize", the working register 12 is initialized. After that, "play switch event" processing,
"Tempo setting event" processing, "preset / manual setting event" processing, "volume correction function setting event" processing, "velocity correction function setting event" processing and other various processing (recording switch processing, stop switch processing, numeric keypad input processing, etc.) Other operation event processing) is repeatedly executed in response to occurrence of an event.

The "play switch event" process is a process for starting automatic performance (reproduction) when the play (reproduction) switch of the operation panel 14 is operated. An example of this processing is shown in FIG. The "tempo setting event" process is performed when a tempo setting operator on the operation panel 14 is operated. An example of this processing is shown in FIG. The “preset / manual setting event” process is performed when the correction mode selection switch on the operation panel 14 is operated. An example of this processing is shown in FIG. The “volume correction function setting event” processing and the “velocity correction function setting event” processing are both performed when a correction function setting operation is performed by an operator on the operation panel 14. An example of these processes is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In the “other” process, a process based on the operation of other operators on the operation panel 15,
Various other processes are performed.

In the "tempo setting event" processing shown in FIG. 5, a set value specified by a tempo setting operator on the operation panel 14 is stored as tempo data in a tempo setting register TEMP, and the tempo data is stored in a tempo clock generator. To 18. Thereby, the tempo clock generator 18 generates a tempo clock pulse having a frequency according to the set tempo. In the “preset / manual setting event” process shown in FIG.
Each time the correction mode selection switch is operated, the content of the correction mode register PRI is inverted to the preset mode or the manual mode. That is, when the preset correction table is used, "1" is set in the correction mode register PRI as the preset mode, and when the manual correction function is used, "0" is set in the correction mode register PRI as the manual mode. You.

In the "volume correction function setting event" process shown in FIG. 7, a process of setting a volume correction function for the manual mode for each track (that is, for each performance part) is performed. First, select the desired track on the operation panel 14
The data indicating the track number is stored in the track number register TRK. next,
The set volume correction function is stored in the volume correction function register VOLC (TRK) of the track number designated by the track number register TRK. In the "velocity correction function setting event" processing shown in FIG. 8, processing for setting the velocity correction function for the manual mode for each track (that is, for each performance part) is performed. First, a desired track is designated by an operator on the operation panel 14, and data indicating the track number is stored in the track number register TRK. Next, the set velocity correction function is stored in the velocity correction function register V of the track number designated by the track number register TRK.
Store in ELC (TRK).

Next, the contents of each step of the "play switch event" process will be described in order with reference to FIG. Step 21: In order to start processing from the first track, "1" is set in the track number register TRK. Step 22: It is judged whether or not the value stored in the operation mode register MD (TRK) is a value indicating the reproduction mode, and if it is the reproduction mode (YES), the next step 2
3 and the recording or stop mode (N
If it is O), go to step 31. The operation mode register MD (TRK) is provided for each track, and in this step 22, the operation mode of the track specified by the track number register TRK is determined. By setting the operation mode for each track as described above, a track to be reproduced can be arbitrarily specified. However, detailed description of the operation mode setting process for each track is omitted.

Step 23: Track number register TR
The pointer POINT (TRK) is set to the start address of the sequencer memory 13 for the track designated by K.
To be stored. Step 24: The performance information data in the sequencer memory 13 corresponding to the address of the pointer POINT (TRK) is stored in the identification code register FLG. Step 25: Determine the identification code of the performance information data stored in the identification code register FLG, and proceed to the processing step corresponding to each identification code. Step 26: This process is performed when the identification code is “9X” indicating the “key-on” event, and performs the key-on event subroutine of FIG.

Step 27: The identification code is "key off"
This process is performed in the case of “8X” indicating an event, and performs a key-off process. Since this processing may be almost the same as the key-on processing, detailed description will be omitted. Step 28: This is the process performed when the identification code is "F4" indicating the time information, and the time interval setting subroutine of FIG. 11 is performed. Step 29: Identification code is "Control Change"
This is a process performed in the case of "BX" indicating an event, as shown in FIG.
Perform the second control change subroutine. Step 30: Processing to be performed when the identification code is a code other than the above, and processing according to each code is performed. Here, the description of this processing is omitted. Step 31: 1 is added to the contents of the track number register TRK.
And increment the track number by one. Step 32: It is determined whether or not the incremented value of the track number register TRK is larger than the maximum sequencer track number 32. If the value is smaller, the process returns to step 22, and the same processing as described above is performed on the incremented track number. If it is larger (YES), the processing for the head addresses of all tracks has been completed, so the routine returns and returns to the main routine. After that, the processing of FIG. 13 is executed by the interrupt processing by the tempo clock.

The details of the key-on event subroutine executed in step 26 of FIG. 9 or step 67 of FIG. 13 will be described with reference to FIG. Step 41: When the content of the identification code register FLG is key-on, the key code data of the second byte of the key-on data (see FIG. 3) based on the MIDI standard is stored in the key code register KCD. Step 42: The velocity data of the third byte of the key-on data based on the MIDI standard is stored in the velocity register VEL. Step 43: It is determined whether or not the value of the correction mode register PRI is "0", that is, whether the mode is the manual mode.
If not (NO), the process proceeds to step 45.

Step 44: Here, velocity correction in the manual mode is performed. That is, according to the velocity correction function stored in the velocity correction function register VELC (TRK) of the track designated by the track number register TRK, the velocity data of the velocity register VEL is corrected according to the tempo setting data of the tempo setting register TEMP, The corrected velocity data is stored in the velocity register VEL. Various methods of such data correction are conceivable. For example, as a velocity correction function of the velocity correction function register VELC (TRK), the tempo setting data is used as an independent variable, and a plurality of function tables in which corrected velocity data is used as a dependent variable are provided, and one of the function curves is a velocity register VEL. Select according to the velocity data of
From the selected function curve, the tempo setting register TEMP
The corrected velocity data may be derived according to the tempo data. In this case, since two variables, VEL and TEMP, for extracting corrected velocity data from the velocity correction function of the velocity correction function register VELC (TRK) are two, VELC (TRK) (VE
This is expressed by L, TEMP). Of course, in this way, the corrected velocity data is converted into two variables, VEL and TEMP.
The method is not limited to a method of directly drawing the correction coefficient from the correction function table in accordance with the above equation, and a correction coefficient may be drawn in accordance with one variable TEMP, and the correction coefficient may be multiplied by the velocity data of the VEL to perform data correction. Other methods may be used.

Step 45: Here, velocity correction in the preset mode is performed. In other words, according to the velocity correction table that is pre-installed as standard equipment,
The velocity data in the velocity register VEL is corrected according to the tempo setting data in the tempo setting register TEMP, and the corrected velocity data is stored in the velocity register VEL. For example, the corrected velocity data based on the value of the velocity register VEL and the value of the tempo register TEMP is extracted from a preset velocity correction table, and is extracted from the velocity register VE.
Store in L. Also in this case, VEL and T
Data correction may be performed by extracting a correction coefficient using only TEMP as a variable without multiplying two of EMP by a variable and multiplying it by VEL.

Step 46: Pointer POINT (TR
Add 3 to the contents of K) and increment the track number by 3. Here, the reason for incrementing by 3 is that the data of the second and third bytes, here the key code data and the velocity data, are jumped, and the address of the status byte (first byte) of the next performance information is set to the pointer POINT. This is for (TRK) to instruct. Step 47: The key code data stored in the key code register KCD by the processing of Step 41, and Step 4
Velocity register VE in either process 4 or 45
L and a MIDI key-on message having the corrected velocity data stored in the input / output device 15 respectively.
To the sound source 17 via the Thereby, the sound source 17
Generates a tone based on the key-on message corrected for the velocity data.

Next, a detailed example of the time interval setting subroutine executed in step 28 of FIG. 9 or step 69 of FIG. 13 will be described with reference to FIG. This process is a process performed when the content of the identification code register FLG indicates time information. First, the time interval data at the second and third bytes of this time information data is read by the track number register TRK. The time interval register TIME (TRK) of the designated track is stored. Next, 3 is added to the content of the pointer POINT (TRK) of the track, the address of the sequence memory 13 is incremented by 3, and the first byte of the next performance information is designated.

Next, a detailed example of the control change event subroutine executed in step 29 of FIG. 9 or step 70 of FIG. 13 will be described with reference to FIG. In this processing, the content of the identification code register FLG is "BX",
That is, the process is performed in the case of a control change event. Step 51: It is judged whether or not the content of the second byte of the control change message designated by the pointer POINT (TRK) is "07", that is, volume change (see FIG. 3), and "07" (YES) If so, the process proceeds to step 52. If not (NO), the process proceeds to step 53. Step 52: The volume data of the third byte of the control message is stored in the volume register VOL. Step 53: This is the process to be performed when the content of the second byte is other than "07", and other parameter changing process and the like are performed.

Step 54: Correction mode register PRI
Value is "0", that is, it is determined whether the mode is the manual mode. If the mode is the manual mode (YES), the process proceeds to step 55. If not (NO), the process proceeds to step 56. Step 55: Here, the volume is corrected in the manual mode. That is, the track number register TR
According to the volume correction function stored in the volume correction function register VOLC (TRK) of the track designated by K, the volume data of the volume register VOL is corrected according to the tempo setting data of the tempo setting register TEMP, and the corrected volume data Is stored in the volume register VOL.

Various methods for such data correction are conceivable. For example, a volume correction function register VOLC
It has a plurality of function tables with the tempo setting data as an independent variable and the corrected volume data as a dependent variable as a volume correction function of (TRK), and selects one function curve according to the volume data of the volume register VOL. Then, the corrected volume data may be derived from the selected function curve in accordance with the tempo data of the tempo setting register TEMP. In this case, the volume correction function register VOLC (TRK)
There are two variables, VOL and TEMP, for extracting the corrected volume data from the volume correction function of
This is represented by OLC (TRK) (VOL, TEMP). Of course, the present invention is not limited to the method of directly extracting the corrected volume data from the correction function table in accordance with the two variables VOL and TEMP as described above.
A correction coefficient is drawn according to P, and this correction coefficient is set to VOL.
The data may be corrected by multiplying the volume data of, and another method may be used.

Step 56: Here, volume correction in the preset mode is performed. In other words, according to a volume correction table that is provided as standard equipment in advance,
The volume data of the volume register VOL is corrected according to the tempo setting data of the tempo setting register TEMP, and the corrected volume data is stored in the volume register VOL. For example, the corrected volume data based on the value of the volume register VOL and the value of the tempo register TEMP is extracted from a preset volume correction table, and is extracted from the volume register VO.
Store in L. In this case as well, VOL and T
Data correction may be performed by extracting a correction coefficient using only TEMP as a variable and multiplying VOL without using two of EMP as variables.

Step 57: Pointer POINT (TR
3) is added to the contents of K), the address of the sequencer memory 13 is incremented by 3, and the first byte of the next performance information, that is, the status byte is designated. Step 58: A MIDI control change message having the corrected volume data stored in the volume register VOL in either the processing of step 55 or 56 is transmitted to the sound source 17 via the input / output device 15. As a result, the sound source 17 comes to generate a musical sound based on the control change message in which the volume data is corrected.

The play switch event routine of FIG. 9 is executed only once when the play switch is turned on.
Thereafter, according to the interrupt of the tempo clock, FIG.
The tempo clock interrupt routine illustrated in is repeatedly executed. This routine is the tempo clock generator 18
This is a process executed every time a tempo clock is given to the CPU 10 from. Step 61: "1" is set to the track number register TRK to start processing from the first track. Step 62: The operation mode register MD (TRK) of the track specified by the track number register TRK
It is determined whether the value stored in is a value indicating the reproduction mode, and if the reproduction mode is YES, the following step 6 is performed.
Then, the process proceeds to step 72 in the case of the reproduction mode NO, that is, the recording or stop mode.

Step 63: If the reproduction mode is YES, the time interval register TIME (TRK) corresponding to the track designated by the track number register TRK
Is determined to be "0". If the value is "0", the process proceeds to step 64. If the value is not "0", the process proceeds to step 65.
Proceed to. The value of the time interval register TIME (TRK) other than "0" indicates that the time interval between performance events is being counted. On the other hand, when the value of the time interval register TIME (TRK) is “0”,
Indicates that the time interval has finished counting. Step 64: In step 63, the time interval register TIM
If the value of E (TRK) is determined to be "0", the next performance information needs to be read from the sequencer memory 13, so that the first byte of the next performance information message pointed to by the pointer POINT (TRK). , The identification code of the next performance information is read out and stored in the identification code register FLG.

Step 65: When the value of the time interval register TIME (TRK) is determined to be other than "0" in step 63, the value of this register is subtracted by 1 and the value of the time interval register TIME (TRK) is changed. Decrement and proceed to step 72. That is, the time count is performed by decrementing the time interval data by the tempo clock pulse. Step 66: Determine the identification code of the performance information data stored in the identification code register FLG, and proceed to the processing step corresponding to each identification code. Step 67: This process is performed when the identification code is “9X” indicating the “key-on” event, and performs the key-on event subroutine of FIG. Step 68: This is a process performed when the identification code is "8X" indicating a "key off" event, and the key off process is performed.

Step 69: This is a process performed when the identification code is "F4" indicating time information, and the time interval setting subroutine of FIG. 11 is performed. Step 70: The identification code is "control change"
This is a process performed in the case of "BX" indicating an event, as shown in FIG.
The second control change event subroutine is performed. Step 71: This is a process performed when the identification code is a code other than the above, and the process corresponding to each code is performed. Step 72: 1 is added to the contents of the track number register TRK.
And increment the track number by one. Step 73: It is determined whether or not the incremented value of the track number register TRK is larger than the maximum track number 32. If the value is smaller, the process returns to step 62, and the same processing as described above is repeated for the incremented track number. If it is larger (YES), the process returns because all tracks for the tempo clock have been processed. After that, the processing is executed again by the generation of the interrupt signal due to the generation of the next tempo clock pulse.

In the above configuration, the reproduction operation, that is, the automatic performance operation will be described. First, whether the correction mode is the preset mode or the manual mode is selected in advance, and the correction mode register P
Set the contents of RI. Further, the velocity correction function and the volume correction function for the manual mode are set as desired, and stored in the volume correction function register VOLC (TRK) and the velocity correction function register VELC (TRK) by the processing of FIGS. 7 and 8. To do. Of course, these setting processes (the processes in FIGS. 6 to 8) can be changed even during automatic performance.

Next, when the play switch is turned on after the desired reproduction track is selected, the play switch event process of FIG. 9 is executed. In this case, assuming that the performance information at the head of the reproduction track is, for example, key-on data, step 26 is executed, and the process enters the key-on event subroutine of FIG. In this key-on event subroutine, step 44 or 45 is executed depending on whether the correction mode is the manual mode or the preset mode.
Is performed, and the velocity data is corrected in accordance with the frequency of the tempo clock. As a result, a musical sound corresponding to the key-on data is sounded in a state where the touch response control is performed according to the corrected velocity data. If the next performance information is time interval data, after performing the process of step 69 of the tempo clock interrupt routine of FIG. 13, step 6 of this interrupt routine.
Repeat the process of 5 for each tempo clock timing,
A time count is performed by decrementing the time interval data.

When the counting for the time interval is completed, FIG.
In the third step 64, the next performance information is read.
Assuming that the next performance information is a volume change event, the control change subroutine of FIG. Here, the processing of step 55 or 56 is performed depending on whether the correction mode is the manual mode or the preset mode, and the volume data is corrected according to the performance tempo speed. As a result, the volume of the generated sound is controlled according to the corrected volume data. In this manner, the touch response control and the set volume are corrected in accordance with the tempo of the automatic performance. If the tempo is changed, the touch response control state and the set volume will change accordingly. Moreover, since such correction according to the tempo can be performed independently for each track, control of the volume and the like according to the tempo can be performed independently for each track (each performance part).

In the above embodiment, the tone control information such as volume data and velocity data set by the performer is changed / corrected according to the tempo. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the tempo is changed according to the tempo. The value of the musical sound control information may be uniquely determined. For example, when the volume data value is uniquely determined according to the tempo, the control change event subroutine of FIG. 12 may be changed as shown in FIG. In FIG. 14, step 52 in FIG. 12 is omitted, and steps 55 and 56 in FIG.
It has been changed to a. At step 55a, the volume correction function register VOLC (TR
K) in place of the volume setting function register VOLS (T
RK) is used. This volume setting function register V
In the OLS (TRK), a volume setting function with tempo as an independent variable and volume data as a dependent variable is appropriately selected and set in the manual mode by the same method as described above and stored. In this step 55a, the volume setting function register VOLS of the track designated by the track number register TRK
In accordance with the volume setting function stored in (TRK), volume data corresponding to the tempo setting data in the tempo setting register TEMP is extracted and stored in the volume register VOL.

In step 56a, a volume setting table is used in place of the volume correction table in step 56. This volume setting table stores a volume setting function for a preset mode in which tempo is an independent variable and volume data is a dependent variable. In step 56a, volume data corresponding to the tempo setting data of the tempo setting register TEMP is extracted according to the volume setting function for the preset mode stored in the volume setting table.
This is stored in the volume register VOL. When the volume data value is uniquely set according to the tempo, steps 42, 44 and 45 in the key-on event subroutine of FIG. 10 may be changed in the same manner as described above.

In the above embodiment, the present invention is implemented by software processing. However, a dedicated hardware may be configured to perform the same control. In the above embodiment, the case where the sequencer has 32 tracks has been described, but the number of tracks is not limited to this. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the tone control information is corrected or changed / set according to the playing tempo independently for each track, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it is commonly performed for a plurality of tracks (parts). Good. The types of musical tone control information to be corrected or changed / set according to the playing tempo are not limited to the volume data (volume setting information) and velocity data (touch information) as in the above-described embodiment, but may include tone color information and sound information. It may be any information for controlling musical tone elements such as high level information, various musical tone effect setting information, envelope information and the like.

The automatic performance device to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to the sequencer as in the above-described embodiment, but also performs an automatic performance according to a tempo clock, such as an automatic accompaniment device such as an automatic base code or an automatic arpeggio, or an automatic rhythm performance device. It goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to any type of automatic performance device.

In the above embodiment, the tone control information is always changed (corrected) or set according to the set tempo of the automatic performance. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The musical tone control information may be changed (corrected) or set occasionally (temporarily). For this purpose, for example, a change detecting means for detecting that the tempo setting value in the tempo setting means has changed is provided, and the volume of the musical tone signal is normally controlled by volume data set by the player, or The touch response control of the tone signal is performed by the velocity data according to the touch. When the change detecting means detects that the tempo set value has changed, the tone control such as volume data or velocity data is temporarily performed. The information may be changed or set according to the tempo. For example, steps 43, 44 and 45 of FIG. 10 and steps 54 and 5 of FIG.
Steps 5 and 56 are omitted from the key-on event routine and the control change event routine, and the steps 43, 44 and 4 are performed in the tempo setting event routine.
5 and steps 54, 55, and 56 are performed, and the tone control is temporarily performed based on the tone control information obtained based on this process. Other methods are also possible. is there.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, it becomes possible to variably control musical tone elements such as the volume and tone color of a performance sound in accordance with a change in tempo during automatic performance, thereby providing rich performance expression. It has an excellent effect that it can be performed. In particular, since at least two different tone control information are changed according to the set tempo according to independent change characteristics, the mode of change for each tone control information according to the set tempo is diversified. / It has an excellent effect of being versatile and capable of performing rich performance expressions. Further, the at least two different musical tone control information changed according to the respective independent changing characteristics are set by setting the volume control information and the velocity information (that is, the touch information) to be used for controlling the musical tone volume. Even if the same volume is controlled according to the tempo, the characteristics of control can be greatly changed depending on the type of information.
Special control is possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a basic configuration example of an automatic performance device to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of an embodiment of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a data format when the performance information stored in the sequencer memory of FIG. 2 is expressed by the MIDI standard.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a main routine processed by a CPU in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of tempo setting event processing in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of preset / manual setting event processing in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of a volume correction function setting event process of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of a velocity correction function setting event process of FIG. 4;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of a play switch event process of FIG. 4;

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of a key-on event subroutine of FIGS. 9 and 13.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of a time interval setting subroutine shown in FIGS. 9 and 13.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of a control change event subroutine of FIGS. 9 and 13;

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a detailed example of tempo clock interrupt processing.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a modification of the control change event subroutine of FIG. 12;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 CPU 11 Program and data memory 12 Working register 13 Sequencer memory 14 Operation panel 15 Input / output device 16 Keyboard circuit 17 Sound source 18 Tempo clock generator

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A tempo setting means for setting a tempo of an automatic performance; a tone control information generating means for generating a plurality of different types of tone control information; Tone control information changing means for changing the tone control information according to the tempo according to independent change characteristics for at least two different tone control information; and responding to the changed tone control information. Automatic tone generation means for automatically generating a tone signal having characteristics controlled in accordance with the tempo set by the tempo setting means. 2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said at least two different tone control information are volume volume setting information and velocity information used for tone volume control. 3. The tone control information changing means comprises means for generating an arbitrary correction function, and information indicating the tempo set by the tempo setting means and tone control generated by the tone control information generating means. The automatic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the musical tone control information is changed according to the correction function using information and parameters as parameters. 4. A musical tone automatic generation means capable of automatically generating musical tone signals in a plurality of streams in parallel.
2. The automatic performance apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said tone control information changing means is capable of changing said tone control information independently for each stream in accordance with said tempo.