JPH08309375A - Water quality purifying unit and its process - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To proliferate microbes such as bacteria in charcoal and absorb and decompose organic matters and the like by arranging charcoal tubes composed of bags formed by a breathable sheet and filled with charcoal around an inner tube with a through-hole at its center and formed by the breathable sheet. CONSTITUTION: A charcoal unit 1 and a submersible mixer 2 are placed in water, and the submersible mixer 2 is so arranged as to generate a water flow toward an opening of an inner tube 14 of the charcoal unit 1. When the submersible mixer 2 is operated, water in the vicinity of water surface 4 flows in the direction of a bottom 41 to eliminate the water temperature difference between the vicinity of the water surface 4 and the vicinity of the bottom 41 to control the proliferation of green pollutants, algae and the like easily growing in the vicinity of water surface. Also water in which oxygen 42 is dissolved flows toward the charcoal unit 1 by the operation of the submersible mixer 2, and bacteria are proliferated in charcoal 13 filled in charcoal tubes 11. At that time, charcoal pieces 13 are encircled by net-shaped sheets 12, 15 and 17, and as the inside of the inner tube 14 is hollow, parts of charcoal 13 in which water flow is not formed are eliminated and the charcoal 13 is utilized effectively.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for clarifying and purifying water quality of polluted ponds, rivers and the like. In particular, it relates to a water purification unit that submerges charcoal in water to generate bacteria on the surface of the charcoal and in micropores.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Deterioration of water quality in ponds, rivers, lakes, swamps, etc. has become a problem in recent years. The causes of deterioration of water quality are as follows. Convection does not occur in ponds and swamps, and the water temperature near the water surface differs from the water temperature in the bottom layer, and the water temperature is relatively high in the upper layer, so water-bloom, red tide, and algae are likely to occur near the water surface. Since there is no water flow from near the water surface to the bottom layer, the bottom layer lacks oxygen. Further, when sludge is deposited on the bottom, bacteria that decompose and absorb it are generated, oxygen deficiency progresses, and higher organisms and the like cannot inhabit the bottom layer.
Conventionally, various methods have been taken to purify water quality. As a water quality purification method, the purified water is supplied to a pond or the like to actively exchange the water (quality water introduction method), or the water is stirred and fountained to supply oxygen into the water (contact oxidation). Law) etc. are carried out.

Further, conventionally, the charcoal (13) has an activating action, and by utilizing the activating action of the charcoal (13), the reticulated bag is filled with the charcoal (13) as shown in FIG. The water quality of the pond is also purified by sinking the bag at the bottom of the pond.

[0004]

However, all of the above-mentioned purification methods such as the high-quality water introduction method and the catalytic oxidation method are expensive to construct and maintain, so it is difficult to install them easily. , The device is installed outside, which may damage the scenery. Further, for example, in the high-quality water introduction method, when there are a plurality of sources of water (polluted water) flowing into a pond or the like, it is difficult to purify the water flowing into each source.

[0005] Charcoal made from hardwood is particularly desirable as a means for water purification because the inner diameter of the trachea is randomly distributed and suitable conditions for bacterial growth are provided. However, in the case of filling the bag (5) with charcoal (13) and submerging it, the bag will not be
Sludge (43) was deposited on (5) and the mesh was clogged, and the desired effect was not obtained. Further, when the activation effect of the charcoal (13) was reduced, it was necessary to replace it, which was inconvenient.

[0006] The inventor has diligently studied water purification using charcoal, and as a result, bacteria can grow on the trachea and surface layer of charcoal only within the range in which oxygen can be supplied from water, and I learned that the area is about 15 cm from the surface. It was found that even if the coal bed was made thicker than that, oxygen could not be supplied to the deep part and bacteria did not propagate, so it was not useful for water purification.

The object of the present invention is not to use charcoal as a filtration material, but to allow the charcoal to propagate microorganisms such as bacteria and to absorb and decompose organic substances, phosphorus, nitrogen and the like by the microorganisms.
The purpose is to provide a water purification unit that makes the entire pond a natural purification facility. Further, according to the present invention, the charcoal unit is configured as a hollow cylindrical body and a water flow is sent into the cylindrical hole, so that the coal layer supplies oxygen not only to the outer layer but also to the inner layer.
As a result, the bacterial breeding areas reach a depth of 15 cm from the outer layer and the inner layer, respectively, and the ability of biodeterioration using charcoal can be significantly enhanced.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the water purification unit of the present invention, a through hole (14a) is formed in the center, and the inside is formed by a breathable sheet (15). Around the tube (14), one or more charcoal tubes (1) filled with charcoal (13) in a bag formed by a breathable sheet (12).
1) is arranged to form a coal bed (13a) on the outer circumference of the inner pipe (14), and one or more charcoal units (1) binding the outer circumference of the charcoal tube (11), and the charcoal unit (1). 1) An underwater mixer (2) that causes a water flow toward the opening (10) at one end of the inner pipe (14), and a water mixer (3) that convects water containing air from the water surface (4). Get In addition, in the water purification method of the present invention, one or more charcoal units (1) are submerged in water and a submerged mixer () is generated so that a water flow toward the opening (10) of the charcoal unit (1) is generated. 2) is arranged and the water flow is sent to the opening (10) of the charcoal unit (1) by driving the submersible mixer (2).

[0009]

[Action and effect] Charcoal unit (1) and underwater mixer (2)
Is submerged in water and the underwater mixer (2) is arranged so that a water flow is generated toward the opening of the inner pipe (14) of the charcoal unit (1). The charcoal (13) is porous and submerged in water to give oxygen (4
By contacting with water containing 2), bacteria contained in natural water propagate in the porous of charcoal (13) and decompose and absorb phosphorus, nitrogen, etc. dissolved in water.

When the submersible mixer (2) is operated, the water surface (4)
The nearby water flows toward the bottom (41), the difference in water temperature between the water surface (4) and the bottom is eliminated, and the growth of water-blooms and algae, which are likely to occur near the water surface, can be suppressed. In addition, the water in which oxygen (42) is dissolved flows toward the charcoal unit (1) by the underwater mixer (2), and bacteria propagate in the charcoal (13) filled in the charcoal tube (11). Bacteria decompose and absorb organic substances, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. contained in water. In the present invention, the charcoal (13) is surrounded by the mesh sheets (12), (15) and (17), and the inner tube (14) has a hollow inside, so that Since the water stream is supplied to the coal seam (13a) and the charcoal (13) from both sides and there is no part where the water stream does not reach the charcoal (13),
The charcoal can be used more effectively. Further, since the charcoal unit (1) is a tubular body surrounded by the mesh sheets (12), (15) and (17), sludge is unlikely to be deposited, and even when it is deposited, it is absorbed and decomposed by bacteria. Further, the submersible mixer (2) can obtain a sufficient effect by operating at night or for a certain period of time, if necessary.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The water purification unit of the present invention has the purpose of allowing the bacteria (13) to grow on the charcoal, deodorizing and decomposing and absorbing nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., and making the water temperature uniform up and down by the underwater mixer (2), thereby increasing the water temperature and red tide. , Prevention of generation of algae, prevention of deoxidation of water bottom, natural purification action by dissolved oxygen (42), improvement of water quality by reducing stagnant portion, supply of oxygen to water by water mixer (3) It is to improve the water quality of ponds, rivers, swamps, lakes, etc. The dimensions, weights, numbers, etc. in the examples described below are the dimensions of the water purification unit used in the test described below,
Weight, number, various dimensions, weight,
You can select the number. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a pond when the water purification unit of the present invention is arranged in the pond. The water purification unit consists of a charcoal unit (1) and an underwater mixer.
(2) and a water mixer (3) arranged as necessary.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 8, the charcoal unit (1) includes an inner pipe (14), a charcoal tube (11) filled with charcoal (13),
It is composed of an outer sheet (17) surrounding the outer periphery.

The inner pipe (14) has a diameter of approximately 300 mm and a thickness of approximately 1 inside.
The reinforcing member (16) having a width of 0 mm and a width of about 70 mm is arranged at an interval of 250 mm to 300 mm, and the outer periphery of the reinforcing member (16) is surrounded by a net-like sheet (15) having a length of about 2,000 mm, and is centered. It is a porous tube formed into a cylindrical body having a through hole (14a). Six charcoal tubes (11) are arranged at equal intervals on the outer circumference of the inner pipe (14). The charcoal tube (11) is a net-shaped sheet (12) with a length of about 2,000 mm made into a bag with a diameter of about 400 mm, and a particle size of about 10 mm from the opening.
It is a substantially cylindrical tube that is formed by filling about 20 kg of charcoal (13) of about 20 mm and closing the opening. The mesh diameter is the inner tube sheet (1
It has a smaller diameter than 5) and the outer sheet (17). After arranging 6 charcoal tubes (11) on the outer circumference of the inner pipe (14), the outer circumference of the cylindrical side surface is surrounded by a net-like outer sheet (17) having a length of about 2,000 mm,
The band (17a) is integrally bound to form a charcoal unit (1) having a diameter of about 750 mm and a length of about 2,000 mm. The thickness of the coal bed (13a) of the charcoal unit (1) is preferably 300 mm or less in order to receive oxygen supply from water. If it is thicker than this, the internal charcoal does not come into contact with the circulating water, oxygen is not supplied, and aerobic bacteria may not easily grow.

The charcoal unit (1) having the above structure is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pond. In order to enhance the effect, as shown in FIG. 9, 4 to 5 charcoal units (1) are arranged in the same direction to form a frame.
It can be fixed by (18) and submerged on the bottom (41) of a pond.

As shown in FIG. 1, the submersible mixer (2) is a device for supplying water containing oxygen (42) to one end of the charcoal unit (1) and is generated by being submerged in the bottom of a pond. Arrange the stream of water towards the charcoal unit (1). Underwater mixer (2)
Is not limited to a propeller type, a pump type, or the like as long as it is a device that generates a water flow. The water mixer described below
Integrating with (3), a mixer for feeding oxygen (42) into water and at the same time generating a water stream can be arranged as the underwater mixer (2).

The water mixer (3) is a device for supplying air containing oxygen (42) to water as shown in FIG.
(4) Examples include a device equipped with a propeller or the like for stirring water in the vicinity, or a device such as a fountain or an air pump. The arrangement of the water mixer (3) may be omitted in a river, a pond to which water containing oxygen (42) is supplied from the outside, a lake or the like, or a pond in which facilities such as a fountain are already present.

The water purification unit is the above charcoal unit.
(1), the underwater mixer (2), and the water mixer (3) can be added as a component as required. FIG. 1 is an example of deploying a water purification unit in a pond. A plurality of charcoal units (1) are vertically and / or horizontally arranged side by side, fixed by a skeleton (18) composed of a plastic pipe, and fixedly arranged on the bottom surface (41) of the pond. An underwater mixer (2) is placed at the bottom of the pond so as to generate a water flow from one end of the cylinder of the charcoal unit (1) to the other end. The water mixer (3) is preferably arranged upstream of the water flow generated by the submersible mixer (2), but the water containing oxygen (42) taken in by the water mixer (3) is
It may be included in the water stream of the submersible mixer (2).

As described above, when the water mixer (3) and the submersible mixer (2) of the arranged water purification unit are driven,
Oxygen (42) is supplied to the water by the water mixer (3),
Water containing (42) is fed to the charcoal unit (1) by means of an underwater mixer (2). In the porous holes of the charcoal (13) of the charcoal unit (1), microorganisms such as bacteria originally inhabiting the pond,
Although it depends to some extent on the water temperature, it starts to reproduce and grow in about 2 to 3 weeks, and the microorganisms absorb organic substances, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like contained in water and decompose them.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the lower part of the charcoal unit (1) is solidified with concrete (19) so that the water flow is not directly applied, and aerobic bacteria are propagated above the charcoal unit (1). In the lower part, anaerobic bacteria can be propagated to absorb and decompose various kinds of organic substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus.

Hereinafter, the effect of the water purification unit of the present invention was tested at Ayame Pond in Ayame Pond, Nara City. FIG. 11 is a plan view of this pond. Location: Ayameike Amusement Park, Nara City, Kamiike (Area 1500m ² , Water depth average 0.8m, Water amount 1,200m ³ ) The following water purification unit was laid in the Kamiike. Charcoal unit (1) ... 600 mm outer diameter, 300 mm inner diameter, volume of charcoal (13)
5,000 liters, hardwood charcoal (13) with a particle size of 10-20 mm, total 3
3 pieces (5, 6, 9 and 13 pieces are arranged together at 4 places).
The glass net made by Takiron is used as the sheet for the outer surface and inner tube. Submersible mixer (2) ... SR44 made by Frict GmbH (Finland)
0,6m ³ /min×1.1kw, weight 43kg, total of 3 units with water flow angle adjusting plate. This mixer has a function to supply oxygen into water, so the water mixer (3) is not required. . still,
Control panel (21) to control these submersible mixers (2)
1 was installed around the pond and the underwater mixer (2) was connected. The wiring (22) was buried in the bottom of the pond. The condition before the purification of the upper pond was that the amount of inflowing water was small, the excretion of animals,
Domestic sewage is flowing in, and pollution is severe, and the water temperature is high because the sludge is thick with an average of 20 cm and the water depth is shallow. or,
The acidity is high and a bad odor is generated. Therefore, in order to enhance the effect of the water purification unit, 60 kg of powder of sulfuric acid band was previously sprayed to solidify, float, and remove colloidal impurities floating in water. Then, the underwater mixer (2) was driven to try to purify the water quality. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0021]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, the water quality of the pond depends on the acidity,
All values such as nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll are decreasing,
The odor was also reduced and the transparency of the water was increased. Also, the sludge that had accumulated has almost disappeared. Further, since the charcoal unit (1) does not use charcoal as a filter material but as a bacterial breeding material, it does not need to be replaced periodically.

The above description of the embodiments is for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention described in the claims or limiting the scope. The configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made within the technical scope described in the claims.

For example, the shape and dimensions of the charcoal unit (1),
It is obvious that the amount and size of charcoal, the location of the mixer, etc. can be variously changed in consideration of the shape of target ponds, rivers, lakes, swamps, etc., water depth, and pollution status.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a typical use example of a water purification unit.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a partial cross section of a charcoal unit.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a charcoal unit.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a region A of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the charcoal unit.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of an outer sheet and an inner tube sheet.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a sheet of charcoal tube.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a framework in which four charcoal units are arranged side by side.

FIG. 10 is a diagram in which water partially flowing into the charcoal unit is blocked by concrete.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of Ayame pond.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a conventional water purification method using charcoal.

[Explanation of symbols] (1) Charcoal unit (11) Charcoal tube (13) Charcoal (14) Inner tube (17) External sheet (2) Underwater mixer (3) Water mixer

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A charcoal bag (12) having a through hole (14a) formed in the center thereof and surrounded by an air permeable sheet (12) around an inner tube (14) formed by the air permeable sheet (12). A charcoal unit in which one or more charcoal tubes (11) filled with 13) are arranged to form a coal bed (13a) on the outer circumference of the inner pipe (14) and the outer circumference of the charcoal tube (11) is bound. A water purification unit consisting of (1). 2. A submerged mixer (2) which comprises one or more charcoal units (1) and a water flow towards the opening (10) at one end of the inner tube of the charcoal unit (1). 1. The water purification unit described in 1. 3. The water purification unit according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a water mixer (3) for convection of water containing air from the water surface (4). 4. A charcoal bag (12) having a through hole (14a) at its center and around the inner tube (14) formed by the breathable sheet (15) is placed in the bag formed by the breathable sheet (12). One or a plurality of charcoal tubes (11) filled with 13) are arranged to form a coal bed (13a) on the outer circumference of the inner pipe (14), and the outer circumference of the charcoal tube (11) is bound 1 or Two or more charcoal units (1) are submerged in water, and an underwater mixer (2) that causes a water flow is arranged so that a water flow toward the opening (10) of the charcoal unit (1) is generated. ) Drive the opening (1) of the charcoal unit (1)
A water purification method characterized in that a water flow is sent to (0) to generate bacteria in the charcoal (13) in the charcoal tube (11).