JPH08308192A - Ac generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve the generator efficiency of an AC generator by forming power generating coils so that the magnetic poles of field magnets arranged adjacent to each other at intervals can alternately change and the winding directions of the coils of salient poles for power generation arranged adjacent to each other at intervals can alternately change. CONSTITUTION: A rotor 1 contains a plurality of inductors 11 which are fixed to and held on the outer periphery of a nonmagnetic base member 12 and a stator core 2 has salient pole sections 23 for field and salient pole sections 24 for generation which are protruded toward the inductors 11 and yokes 20 which respectively connect the sections 23 and 24 to each other. Electromagnets are formed by winding coils 3 for field around the sections 23. Since the coils 3 are alternately wound in opposite directions so that the polarities of the magnetic poles of the electromagnets can alternately change, the polarities of the magnetic poles of the field magnets which are arranged at intervals for forming a field required for generation alternately change. Coils 4 for generation are wound around the sections 24 by alternately changing the winding directions of the coils 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an alternating current generator, and more particularly to an alternating current generator suitable for being driven by an internal combustion engine such as an automobile or a motorcycle, which has a large fluctuation in rotation speed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a magnet field type AC generator has been used for a generator that is small and has a relatively small power generation output, such as an ordinary AC generator for two-wheeled vehicles. As an example, as shown in FIG.
2 has a rotor 100 in which an iron bowl-shaped yoke 101 is arranged on the inner peripheral surface, and a stator 200. The stator 200 has an SUS pole facing the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 100 from the rotation center side and a power generation coil formed around the SUS pole, and supplies AC electricity from power generation terminals 401 and 402. That is, as shown in FIGS. 12A to 12C, as the rotor 100 rotates and moves along with the arrow A, the magnetic field changes and an induction current is generated in the power generation coil of the stator 200 to obtain a power generation action. There is.

On the other hand, in an automobile, an alternator (alternating current generator) using a field system of direct current excitation by a battery power source and a field coil has been conventionally used. In this alternator, the field coil is usually provided on the rotor side and is connected to the battery power source via a brush.

[0004]

However, the conventional AC generator for a motorcycle has the following three disadvantages. First, there is a large energy loss at high rotation speeds, resulting in a significant decrease in power generation efficiency. That is, since it is a magnet field type, the power generation output is determined only by the number of revolutions, and it is difficult to freely control it.

Therefore, when the number of revolutions of the engine for driving the generator is high and an excessive amount of power is generated, the power generation output is short-circuited to protect the electrical components and the battery from overvoltage. As a result, the engine output that drives the generator is consumed by the heat generation (copper loss) of the generator coil and is not effectively used for power generation, so the power generation efficiency (output for electrical load / mechanical input for power generation) is extremely reduced. To do.

As one means for reducing this loss, open control for opening the circuit connected to the generator to reduce the power generation load can be considered. Nevertheless, the iron loss due to the alternating magnetic field in the stator core and the rotational load due to the attractive force between the magnet and the stator associated therewith remain, which imposes a burden on the engine. Thus, in the magnet field type AC generator,
There is always a rotating load regardless of whether or not power is generated, and especially the rotating load during surplus power generation at high rotation obviously causes a significant decrease in power generation efficiency. As a result, not only is the performance of the device loaded with the generator deteriorated, but it also leads to an increase in operating costs such as fuel consumption, which is not desirable.

Second, it is difficult to freely set or arbitrarily adjust the moment of inertia of the rotor. That is, in a two-wheeled vehicle AC generator, the rotor also serves as a flywheel, but if the moment of inertia is too large, the acceleration of the engine deteriorates, causing a problem in response. Therefore, it is desirable that the rotor be designed so as to have a minimum required moment of inertia as a flywheel.

However, in setting the moment of inertia, the required power generation output cannot be changed, and therefore the size of the magnet of the rotor cannot be changed significantly. The moment of inertia is adjusted by changing the thickness and outer shape of the iron bowl-shaped yoke and the mounting boss that fastens and fixes the yoke to the shaft. As a result, we investigated the impact on strength, investigated the cost of tools such as press dies, and the manufacturing costs such as standardization merits,
A trade-off was necessary after careful examination. Therefore, it was very difficult to freely change the moment of inertia as requested by the engine.

Thirdly, the manufacturing cost is soaring. For example, an alternator in a use environment of high temperature and high vibration such as a motorcycle needs to be designed to have a structure that guarantees heat resistance and vibration resistance. In the conventional manufacturing process of an AC generator for a motorcycle, the number of parts required for fixing a magnet that withstands vibration and the work process are not a few, and the manufacturing cost of the AC generator occupies a large weight. Therefore, if the fixing of the magnet can be facilitated or abolished, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced by itself.

On the other hand, even in the above-mentioned automobile alternator, it is still difficult to adjust the inertia moment of the rotor because the field coil is in the rotor. Further, for the same reason, since the brush is used to connect to the field coil, the structure becomes complicated, resulting in inconvenience of high manufacturing cost and failure. The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional techniques.

That is, in the AC generator of the present invention, firstly, the output of the AC generator is controlled to improve the power generation efficiency to reduce the load on the drive side, and secondly, the moment of inertia of the rotor at the time of manufacture is controlled. The problem to be solved is to facilitate the adjustment, and thirdly, to significantly reduce the manufacturing cost. At the same time, providing an AC generator having a simple and robust structure that does not require a coil or a brush for the rotor is also added to the problem.

[0012]

A first structure of an AC generator according to the present invention is an AC generator having a rotor rotatably supported by a rotor and a stator core made of a soft magnetic material that closely faces and opposes the rotor. In the rotor, the rotor is a base member made of a non-magnetic material having a substantially axially symmetric shape, and a soft magnetic material fixedly held on the base member at equal intervals in the circumferential direction along the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the base member. And a plurality of field magnets facing the inductor, a plurality of power generating salient pole portions facing the inductor, and the field magnet. And a yoke having a substantially circumferential shape that connects between the salient pole portions, and the field magnets have different magnetic polarities alternately between the adjacent field magnets with a space therebetween, The salient pole portions for power generation are connected to each other by the salient pole portions for power generation that are adjacent to each other with a space. Wherein the power generation coil in which the direction is alternating around a formed.

Here, since the positional relationship between the rotor and the stator core is not limited, it can be freely selected according to design needs. For example, first,
In some cases, the inductor forms the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and the stator core closely faces and faces the outer peripheral side of the rotor. Second,
The inductor may form an end surface of the outer peripheral portion of the rotor, and the stator may face the end surface in the axial direction. Thirdly, the inductor forms the inner peripheral surface of the rotor having a hollow cylindrical portion,
The stator core may face the rotor from the inner peripheral side. In addition to that, there may be a case where they are diagonally opposed.

Further, regarding the field magnet and the salient pole portion for power generation, there is no limitation on the mutual positional relationship and the correspondence of the number, so that they can be freely selected according to design requirements. For example, the same number of field magnets and salient poles for power generation, one set each, are arranged in the axial direction or the radial direction and fixed by a yoke, and the change of the induced magnetic field caused by the inductors that rotate and pass in opposition. It is also possible to use a configuration to generate electricity with.

Similarly, since the number and shape of the inductors are not limited, they can be freely selected according to design requirements. Therefore, the number of field magnets and the number of salient poles for power generation do not necessarily have to match. In addition, the shape of the inductor is not limited to the shape extending in the circumferential direction, but it corresponds to the case where the field magnet and the salient pole portion for power generation are arranged in the axial direction or the radial direction as a set. It is also possible to take a shape that extends in the radial direction.

As described above, in the first structure of the present invention, there is no limitation on the mutual positional relationship and the number of the inductor 11, the field magnet and the salient pole portion for power generation. Alternatively, it is also possible to configure them as separate numbers. Unlike the present configuration, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which adjacent magnetic field magnets do not alternately have different magnetic polarities, or a configuration in which the winding direction of the power generation coil does not alternate. However, with such a configuration, there is some concern about the power generation efficiency and the power generation waveform, so there is room for further study.

According to a second structure of the present invention, in addition to the first structure, the number of the field magnets is an even number, and the number of the power generating coils is an even number which is the same as the number of the field magnets. The field magnets and the power-generating coils are alternately arranged at equal intervals on the same circumference, and the number of the inductors is
The number of field magnets or the number of power generation coils is an even number, and the inductors are arranged at equal intervals on the other circumference.

A third structure of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first structure, part or all of the field magnets are permanent magnets. Here, the permanent magnet can be freely selected from ferrite magnets, rare earth magnets, and the like according to design needs. Similarly, the shape of the permanent magnet also gets freely designed. As described in the first configuration, the permanent magnets are arranged so that adjacent field magnets have alternating polarities.

According to a fourth structure of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned first structure, a part or all of the field magnet is formed of a soft magnetic material protruding from the yoke, and a field salient pole portion, and the field magnet. A salient pole portion and / or a field coil formed by using a yoke adjacent to the field salient pole portion as an iron core. Here, as described in the first configuration, the winding direction of the field coil is set so that adjacent field magnets have alternating polarities.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first configuration, a part or all of the field magnet is a permanent magnet protruding from the yoke, the permanent magnet and / or the yoke adjacent to the permanent magnet. It is a composite magnet including a field coil formed by using an iron core. A sixth configuration of the present invention is further characterized in that, in the first configuration, the rotor has the inductor on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and the stator core faces the inductor from an outer periphery of the rotor.

According to a seventh structure of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned first structure, the rotor is composed of the base member and the inductor which are initially integrally formed of the same material, and the inductor is the part concerned. Is formed into a soft magnetic material by a predetermined treatment, or the base member is formed into a non-magnetic material by another predetermined treatment. .

According to an eighth structure of the present invention, in addition to the seventh structure, the rotor is composed of the base member and the inductor integrally formed from stainless steel from the beginning, and the base member is an austenite type. The inductor is formed of non-magnetic stainless steel, and the inductor is formed of soft magnetic stainless steel of martensite phase.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an alternating current generator having a rotor rotatably supported by a rotor and a stator closely facing and facing the rotor. The rotor includes a plurality of inductors made of a soft magnetic material, which are arranged at intervals, and a base member made of a non-magnetic material, which fixes and holds the inductors facing the rotor. A plurality of field magnets facing each other, a plurality of power generating salient pole portions made of a soft magnetic material facing the inductor, and the field magnet and the space between the salient pole portions being fixedly held. And a rotor core made of a soft magnetic material that connects between the magnet and the salient pole portion, the field magnet, the magnetic pole property is alternately different between adjacent field magnets spaced apart, The power generating salient poles are alternately arranged adjacent to each other with a space therebetween. A power generation coil having alternating winding directions is formed, and a connecting means is provided for electrically connecting the rotor to an external circuit related to the power generation of the rotor and / or the action of the field. .

In this structure, the rotor of the first structure and the stator core are reversed, and a stator having an inductor,
The main components are a field magnet and a rotor having a power generation coil. Therefore, similarly to the above-described variation of the second configuration to the eighth configuration with respect to the first configuration, variation corresponding to the second configuration to the eighth configuration is possible also to the present configuration.

Needless to say, in any of the above constructions, it can be used as an electric motor by connecting an appropriate drive circuit. At that time, rotation angle detection means (rotary encoder, etc.) for detecting the rotor angle as necessary
May be used.

[0026]

According to the first structure of the present invention, as the soft magnetic inductor rotating around the outer periphery of the rotor passes near the facing field magnet and the power-generating salient pole portion, the field magnet is moved. Induces a field created by to give a change. The change of the field magnet changes the magnetic flux passing through the inside of the field magnet, the salient pole portion for power generation and the yoke. As a result, an electromotive force is generated in the power generation coil formed in the power generation salient pole portion, an induced current flows, and the power generation action is exhibited.

Therefore, according to this structure, only the inductor is provided in the rotor, and the field magnet and the power generation coil are provided in the stator core. Since the rotor is a rotating body, stress due to centrifugal force is generated and it is sensitive to dynamic balance. However, if the configuration is simplified, there are the following two effects. Firstly, since the rotor structure is simple and easy to manufacture, there is an effect that the inertia moment of the rotor can be freely designed and its adjustment can be made relatively freely. Secondly, for the same reason, the manufacturing cost of the rotor is reduced.

At the same time, since the power-generating coil is located on the stator side, no connection means such as a slip ring or a brush is needed to take out the electric power, and the failure is simple and less likely to occur. Further, since the field magnet and the power-generating coil are not subjected to centrifugal force and it is not necessary to keep the dynamic balance between them, there is an effect that a robust stator can be manufactured at low cost.

In the second structure of the present invention, an even number of field magnets and power generating coils are alternately arranged at equal intervals on the same circumference,
The same number of inductors are rotationally moved to face these. Therefore, according to the present configuration, the field magnet and the power generation coil, which alternate in polarity alternately, pass through the inductor corresponding to these, so that power generation is performed more efficiently. Further, for the same reason, there is an effect that the waveform of AC power generation can be obtained as a beautiful waveform close to a sine function.

In the third structure of the present invention, since part or all of the field magnet is a permanent magnet, the field power for forming the field can be reduced or eliminated. Further, for the same reason, the number of power generation coils can be reduced or eliminated. Therefore, according to this configuration, the field power can be saved, and there is an effect that the power generation efficiency is high at a rotation speed that does not cause excessive power generation. At the same time, it is possible to reduce or eliminate the power generation coil that requires processing man-hours,
It is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the stator and provide a cheaper AC generator.

In the fourth structure of the present invention, since part or all of the field magnet is an electromagnet, the strength of the field can be freely controlled by the amount of field current. Therefore, if a circuit that appropriately controls the field current is provided, for example, it is possible to generate power with a constant output during both low speed rotation and high speed rotation. Therefore, according to this configuration, the alternating-current generator is operated with high power generation efficiency regardless of the number of revolutions, so that there is an effect that an unnecessary load is not applied to the drive side.

In the fifth structure of the present invention, since part or all of the field magnet is a composite magnet including a permanent magnet and a field coil, a stronger field is formed and
It is also possible to control the field strength by the field current. Therefore, according to the present configuration, a stronger field is formed, so that stronger power generation is possible, and it is possible to provide an AC generator having the advantages of the third configuration and the fourth configuration described above. it can.

That is, at the time of low speed rotation, a predetermined power generation output can be obtained by supplying a sufficient field current to cooperate with the permanent magnet to form a strong field. On the contrary, when rotating at a high speed, the field current is reduced or stopped, power is generated mainly by the field formed by the permanent magnets, and a decrease in efficiency due to surplus power generation can be avoided. Further, at the time of high-speed rotation, a field current can be made to flow in the opposite direction to the normal direction to weaken the field formed by the permanent magnets and prevent a decrease in power generation efficiency due to excessive power generation. In this case, it is also possible to extract electric power from the field coil combined with the permanent magnet.
As a result, according to the present configuration, it is possible to provide an AC generator that can reduce the field current and at the same time perform high-efficiency predetermined power generation at any rotation speed.

In the sixth configuration of the present invention, an inductor is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and the stator core faces the outer peripheral surface. That is, the rotor rotating at a high speed is contained in the central portion, the field magnet and the power-generating coil face each other from the periphery thereof, and the yoke also wraps the periphery to serve as a casing. Therefore, according to this configuration, since the rotor has a small diameter, the moment of inertia does not unnecessarily increase. As a result, there is an effect that the acceleration response of the engine that drives the AC generator of this configuration is improved. Further, there is an effect that the moment of inertia can be freely adjusted by changing the thickness of the rotor in the axial direction as required.

According to a seventh structure of the present invention, in addition to the first structure, the rotor is composed of a base member and an inductor which are initially integrally formed of the same material. And
After being integrally formed, the magnetism of the base member or the inductor is changed by a predetermined process. therefore,
In this configuration, the rotor is integrally formed without requiring the number of assembly steps for assembling the plurality of inductors to the base member.

Therefore, according to this structure, a more robust rotor can be manufactured with a smaller number of assembling steps.
There is an effect that the price of the AC generator of the present invention is reduced and the reliability is improved. In an eighth structure of the present invention, in addition to the seventh structure, the base member is further formed of austenitic non-magnetic stainless steel, and the inductor is formed of martensite phase soft magnetic stainless steel. That is, this configuration is one in which the rotor having the base member and the inductor integrated with each other is subjected to the magnetic transformation or the reverse transformation partially by a process that can be easily performed, such as the process inducing process and the heating process, to give the desired magnetic characteristics. is there. Further, generally, stainless steel is a metal material that is resistant to rust and does not easily deteriorate, and is relatively inexpensive, but is a highly stable metal material, and rust prevention treatment is usually unnecessary.

Therefore, according to this structure, in addition to the effect of the seventh structure, there is an effect that an integrated rotor can be produced more easily and cheaply, and a longer life can be expected. In the ninth configuration of the present invention, the stator has a plurality of inductors and a base member that fixes and holds the inductors, while the rotor has a plurality of field magnets and a plurality of field magnets. It has a salient pole portion for power generation and a rotor core made of a soft magnetic material that connects them. Therefore, a connecting means for connecting the power generation coil of the rotor and the external circuit is required.

That is, this structure is an AC generator in which the rotor and the stator core of the first structure are reversed. It is possible to limit the first configuration to the second configuration to the eighth configuration, and the effects unique to each configuration can be enhanced in this configuration. Therefore, according to the present configuration, even when the inductor side has to be fixed for some reason (that is, the stator has to be provided with the inductor), the rotor having the field magnet and the power generation coil is provided. Therefore, the AC generator of the present invention can be realized. As a result, not only the effects corresponding to the first configuration but also the effects corresponding to the second to eighth configurations can be exhibited.

[0039]

1 to 5 for the first embodiment of the AC generator of the present invention, and FIGS.
This will be specifically described with reference to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 for the second embodiment. [Example 1: Example in which stator core has field coil and power generation coil] An AC generator as Example 1 of the present invention is, as shown in Fig. 1, a rotor 1 rotatably supported by a rotor 1.
And a stator core 2 made of a soft magnetic material and closely facing the rotor 1.

That is, the rotor 1 has a rotating shaft (not shown) passed through the central shaft hole 10 and the rotating shaft.
Is rotatably held in a space inside a casing (not shown) via bearings (not shown) that are supported on both sides in the axial direction. The body of this casing is the stator core 2
Is formed by. As described above, the rotor 1
Is axially supported coaxially with the stator core 2 with its outer peripheral surface facing the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 2. The rotary shaft is driven to rotate together with the rotor 1 by a power supply device such as an engine.

Here, the rotor 1 has a plurality of inductors 11 made of a soft magnetic material on the outer peripheral surface. On the other hand, the stator core 2 has a plurality of power generating coils 4 protruding in the centripetal direction and a field coil 3 as a field magnet,
Is opposed to the inductor 11 from the outer peripheral side. Hereinafter, the respective configurations of both the rotor 1 and the stator core 2 will be described.

(Structure of Rotor of Embodiment 1) The rotor 1 is
As shown in FIG. 2, the base member 12 made of a non-magnetic material
And a plurality of inductors 11 made of a soft magnetic material that are fixedly held near the outer peripheral edge of the base member 12, and are substantially disk-shaped members. That is, the base member 12 is made of a non-magnetic material having a substantially axisymmetric shape, and a plurality of (six) notches are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction near the outer peripheral edge thereof. A plurality of (six) inductors 11 made of a soft magnetic material are fitted into the notches, and the base member 12
It is fixed and held by a fixing means (not shown). (The fixing means may be applied by conventional techniques such as screws, pins, adhesion, brazing, welding, and welding.) The inductor 11 has a substantially fan-shaped planar shape, and has an outer peripheral edge, an inner peripheral edge, and a radius. The both side edges along it form a substantially fan shape. In this manner, the rotor 1 is formed in a disk shape by the base member 12 and the six inductors 11 engaging with each other.

Here, the number of the inductors 11 (6) is an even number which is the same as the number of the field coils 3 (6) or the power generating coils 4 (6) as the field magnets. The inductors 11 form a part of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 1 and are arranged at equal intervals on the same circumference. The base member 1
Reference numeral 2 is a laminated body in which plates made of a non-magnetic material are bonded and laminated in the axial direction, and the inductor 11 is a laminated body in which insulating-treated soft magnetic steel plates are bonded and laminated in the axial direction. The inductor 11 is formed of a laminated body in order to reduce the loss accompanying the generation of the eddy current. At the same time, in order to reduce the loss due to hysteresis, a material having a small hysteresis is used as the material of the inductor 11. As described above, in the rotor 1 of the present embodiment, efforts are made to reduce the iron loss in the inductor 11.

Since the inductor 11 and the base member 12 are formed of a laminated body, the moment of inertia of the rotor 1 is
This can be easily adjusted by changing the number of laminated layers of the inductor 11 and the base member 12. Alternatively, there is also a means in which both the inductor 11 and the base member 12 are formed of a block-shaped material, and are formed by cutting or the like to have an appropriate thickness before assembly or after assembly to the rotor 1.

Whichever configuration or means is adopted, it is easy to freely set the inertia moment of the rotor 1 and arbitrarily adjust it. Therefore, the second problem of the present invention (facilitation of adjustment change of moment of inertia)
Can be achieved by the rotor 1 of the present embodiment. (Structure of Stator of First Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 3, the stator is composed of a stator core 2, a field coil 23, and a power generation coil 24.

That is, the stator core 2 connects the plurality of field salient pole portions 23 and the power generation salient pole portions 24, which project to face the above-mentioned inductor 11, and the salient pole portions 23, 24. Is a soft magnetic alloy member having a substantially circular yoke 20. Field salient pole portion 23 and power generation salient pole portion 24
Are even numbers (6) of the same number, and are alternately arranged at equal intervals on the same circumference. All salient poles 23, 2
Numeral 4 is fixedly held by the yoke 20 and protrudes in the centripetal direction, and is magnetically coupled to each other via the yoke 20 at the root portion.

Here, the salient pole portions 23 and 24 have the same shape and material, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. However, it is possible to make the shapes of the two types of salient pole portions 23, 24 different from each other depending on design requirements and the like. A field coil 3 is wound around each of the field salient pole portions 23 to form an electromagnet having the field salient pole portion 23 as an iron core. Each of the electromagnets is wound with the field coils 3 alternatingly with different winding directions so as to have a magnetic pole property opposite to that of the electromagnets on both sides.

These electromagnets (field salient pole portion 23 and field coil 3) are field magnets that form the field required for power generation, and the AC generator of this embodiment is a field generated by DC excitation. The magnetic method is used. In these field magnets, adjacent field magnets spaced apart from each other alternately have different magnetic polarities. On the other hand, the salient pole portions 24 for power generation are wound around the respective power generation coils 4 with the salient pole portions 24 for power generation as an iron core. In the power generation coil 4, the winding directions alternate between the power generation salient pole portions 24 adjacent to each other with a space therebetween.

The field coil 23 includes the field input terminals 31,
The variable voltage power source 30 is connected to the external variable voltage power supply 30 via 32, and the power generation coil 24 is connected to an external circuit (not shown) via the power generation output terminals 41 and 42. (Operation of First Embodiment) In the AC generator of the present embodiment configured as described above, the power generation operation is performed as follows with the rotational movement of the rotor 1.

As a premise, as shown in FIG. 4A, a voltage is externally applied to the field input terminals 31 and 32, and a field current flows in the field coils 3-1 and 3-2. A field is formed by the electromagnet. At that time, the salient pole portion 23 for field
At the tip in the centripetal direction, an S pole is formed in the field coil 3-1 and an N pole is formed in the field coil 3-2 adjacent to and spaced from the field coil 3-1.

When the rotor 1 rotates in the direction of the rotation arrow R (clockwise) in the stator core 2 as described above, the inductor 11 held on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 1 also rotates. Since the inductor 11 induces a field while moving,
A temporal change occurs in the amount of magnetic flux induced in the salient pole portion 42 for power generation. As a result, an induced current is generated in the power generation coil 4-1 and a power generation action occurs.

That is, first, as shown in FIG. 4A, at the time when the inductor 11 is in a position where it extends from the field coil 3-1 to the power generation coil 4-1, the magnetic field is the inductor 11.
The inside is guided in the direction of arrow M, which indicates the direction of the magnetic flux.
The magnetic flux exits from the N pole on the outer peripheral side of the field coil 3-1 and, after passing through the inside of the yoke 20 and the salient pole portion 24 for power generation, is guided inside the inductor 11 in the direction of the arrow M, A magnetic circuit is formed which flows through the S pole which is the centripetal side of the field coil 3-1. At this point, the power generation coil 4-
The magnetic flux passing through 1 has already reached the maximum value and the rate of change is small, so there is almost no power generation effect.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4B, the inductor 1
1 is the middle of the field coils 3-1 and 3-2,
That is, at the time when it is directly opposite to the power generation coil 4-1, the strong magnetic flux does not exist in the inductor 11. This is because the inductor 11 has the field coils 3-1 and 3-2.
This is because it is located away from any of the above. At this point, the absolute amount of the magnetic flux introduced into the power generation coil 4-1 is close to zero, but the rate of change is extremely large, and a large induced electromotive force is generated. Therefore, a large power generation action occurs in the power generation coil 4-1 and the power generation output terminal 41 (+),
Electric power can be taken out from 42 (-).

Then, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), when the inductor 11 is further rotationally moved and slightly hangs from the power generation coil 4-1 to the field coil 3-2, the inductor 11 is moved.
In the inside, a magnetic flux is induced in the direction of arrow M, which is the opposite direction to the previous direction. At this point, the magnetic flux flowing into the power generation coil 4-1 is in the process of changing its direction from the point of FIG. 4A and reaching its peak. Therefore, the power generation action occurs in the same direction as that in FIG. 4B, though it is lower than that in FIG. 4B.

Here, the winding directions of the field coil 3-1 and the field coil 3-2 are set so as to have different polarities. Therefore, as the rotor 1 further rotates and the inductor 11 moves, an alternating fluctuating magnetic field is applied to the power generation coil 4-1 and AC power generation output is obtained from the power generation output terminals 41 and 42. By the way, as mentioned above,
In the field coil 3, adjacent field magnets spaced apart from each other have alternating magnetic poles, while the power generation coil 4
In, the winding directions of the power generating salient pole portions 24 adjacent to each other with a space therebetween are alternating. Further, one inductor 11 is formed in the rotor 1 for each set of the field coil 3 and the power generation coil 4.

Therefore, the same phenomenon as the operation described with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4C is caused by all the inductors 11, the field coil 3 and the field coil 3 described with reference to FIGS. It happens about the coil 4 for electric power generation. That is, as the rotor 1 rotates and the inductor 11 moves, an alternating fluctuating magnetic field is applied to each power generation coil 4, and the power generation output terminals 41, 4 are generated.
An AC power generation output is obtained from 2.

Since this AC power generation output is proportional to the strength of the field, the field current (that is, the variable voltage power supply 30) supplied through the field input terminals 31 and 32 is controlled to The output of the alternator of this embodiment can be easily controlled. At that time, the loss that occurs in the conventional AC generator such as the iron loss due to the open control and the copper loss due to the short-circuit control is extremely small, so that the power generation is performed with extremely high efficiency. Further, by supplying an appropriate field current to the field coil 3, it is possible to obtain an appropriate power generation output in an extremely wide range of rotation speed from low rotation to high rotation. Therefore, there is also an advantage that the range of operating speed is wide.

(Structure of the external circuit connected to the first embodiment)
The AC generator of the present embodiment is adapted to both low rotation speed and high rotation speed by controlling the field current as described above,
The AC power generation output can be adjusted without lowering the power generation efficiency. Here, in order to facilitate the implementation of the AC generator of the present invention, an external circuit suitable for adjusting the power generation output is illustrated. It should be noted that this includes the variable voltage power supply 30 shown in FIG. 1 and is also an example of the variable voltage power supply 30.

The external circuit connected to the AC generator of this embodiment has a simple structure as shown in FIG. 5, and stable DC power is supplied from the output terminals 51 and 52 to various electric components (not shown). Is being supplied. First, in a normal operation in which the rotation of the rotor 1 does not exceed a predetermined number of rotations, the field current is supplied to the field coil 3 by the discharge of the battery 5 or the power generation output of the power generation coil 4.

That is, since the base voltage is not applied to the transistor 7 in the range where the power generation voltage of the power generation coil 4 does not reach the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 6,
A base voltage is generated in the transistor 8 and the transistor 8 becomes conductive. As a result, the negative electrode of the battery 5 is electrically connected to the field input terminal 32, and the positive electrode of the battery 5-the field input terminal 31-.
Field coil 3-Field input terminal 32-Transistor 8-
The circuit formed by the negative pole of the battery 5 closes.

On the other hand, the power generation output from the power generation coil 4 is
It is taken out to the external circuit via the power generation output terminals 41 and 42. The alternating current power generation output is full-wave rectified by the diode stack 9 and converted into direct current (if necessary, the voltage fluctuation is leveled by a capacitor), and is input in parallel with the battery 5. When the DC voltage obtained by power generation is higher than the voltage of the battery 5, the battery 5 is charged. In the opposite case, the battery 5 is discharged to compensate for the shortage of power generation output.

Next, when the rotation of the rotor 1 exceeds a predetermined number of revolutions and excessive power generation is performed by the power generation coil 4, and the DC output from the diode stack 9 is about to exceed the specified voltage, the field The current is controlled and the power output is reduced. That is, when the generated voltage becomes excessive due to over-rotation and exceeds the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 6, the Zener diode 6 breaks down and becomes conductive, and when the transistor 7 becomes conductive, the transistor 8 becomes non-conductive. As a result, the field current applied to the field coil 3 via the field input terminal 32 is interrupted, and the field disappears, so that power generation is stopped. In this way, it is possible to prevent excessive power generation voltage during over-rotation, but if you dislike control by repeating on-off,
An appropriate amount of field current can be adjusted by adding an appropriate capacitor or low-pass filter to this circuit.

Here, the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 6 is higher than the maximum voltage of the battery 5, and is set in advance in a range that does not damage the battery 5 and various electric components connected to the output terminals 51 and 52. Therefore, by connecting the above external circuit or the like, the field current is automatically adjusted, and it becomes possible to obtain a power generation output of an appropriate voltage from the AC generator of this embodiment.

Although it is an external circuit, it does not prevent that all or part of this external circuit is provided as an accessory to the AC generator of this embodiment. (Effects of Embodiment 1) The AC generator of this embodiment has the following three effects because it is configured as described above to generate electricity.

Firstly, there is an effect that high-efficiency power generation can be performed in a wide rotation speed range. That is, in the AC generator of this embodiment, since the power generation output can be controlled by controlling the field current, the driving torque can be small even at high speed rotation, and high power generation efficiency can be maintained. As a result, the load on the drive side of the engine or the like is reduced.

At the same time, by increasing the field current even at low speed rotation (although the required driving torque increases),
The required electromotive force can be exerted to maintain an appropriate power generation action. Therefore, the AC generator according to the present embodiment has an advantage that the range of rotational speeds that can be operated is extremely wide and that high power generation efficiency can be maintained at any rotational speed.

Secondly, there is an effect that the moment of inertia of the rotor 1 can be easily adjusted at the time of manufacturing. That is,
Since the inductor 11 and the base member 12 that form the rotor 1 are formed of laminated plates, the moment of inertia can be easily adjusted by means such as adjusting the number of laminated layers depending on design requirements (matching with the engine, etc.). Can be adjusted.

Thirdly, there is an effect that the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced. That is, the rotor 1 to which a considerable amount of centrifugal force or vibration is applied does not have an electrical component such as a coil, and the structure of the rotor 1 is extremely simple. Therefore, efforts to achieve dynamic balance are unnecessary or insignificant. As a result, no particular effort is required to design and manufacture the rotor 1 that withstands centrifugal forces and vibrations.
Its manufacturing cost is extremely low.

On the other hand, the stator core 2 has a field coil 3
Although the power generation coil 4 is formed, there is no rotating portion, so there is no need to design and manufacture in consideration of dynamic balance. Therefore, its manufacturing cost is low. In addition, since no slip ring or brush connected to the rotor 1 is required, the AC generator of this embodiment has an advantage of being inexpensive, simple and robust.

[Modified Embodiments of Rotor of First Embodiment] First, as a modified embodiment of the first embodiment, some AC generators obtained by modifying the rotor 1 will be described below. (Modification 1: Fixing Means of Inductor) As shown in FIG. 6, the AC generator of this modification has a base member 12A and six inductors 11 fixed and held at equal intervals near the outer periphery of the base member 12A.
It has a rotor 1A composed of A and A. Example 1 rotor 1
Similarly to the above, the base member 12A is formed by laminating plates made of a non-magnetic material, and each inductor 11A is formed by laminating soft magnetic steel plates.

The difference from the first embodiment is that each inductor 11 is provided with a protrusion in the centripetal direction, and the protrusion has an overhanging portion 11a which is extended to both sides in the circumferential direction. Along with this, even in the notches in which the respective inductors 11 provided on the base member 12 from the six outer circumferences are fitted, there are provided concavities and convexities that fit into the overhanging portions 11 a on both sides of each inductor 11. Therefore, since the overhanging portion 11a of each inductor 11 and the unevenness of the base member 12 are fitted to each other, each inductor 11 is strongly fixed and held by the base member 12. As a result, since it is possible to withstand a stronger centrifugal force, the rotational speed limitation due to the strength of the rotor 1A is greatly relaxed, and it becomes possible to operate the AC generator of this modification at a high speed.

At the same time, according to the rotor 1A of the present modification, the number of parts for fixing and holding each inductor 11 to the base member 12 and the number of processing steps are reduced, so that the manufacturing cost can be further reduced. It should be noted that it is also possible to further extend the idea of this modification and use an inductor that fits to the base member with a plurality of protruding portions. By pushing this to the limit, each inductor may be fixed to the base member by a Christmas tree structure in which the blade is fixed to the disk in the turbine of the gas turbine engine. In the inductors of these modifications, it is not necessary that both sides in the circumferential direction are symmetrical.

(Modification 1-1: Simple fixing means 1 for the inductor) On the contrary, as an easier rotor construction, a cylindrical or disk-shaped base member and its outer peripheral surface are equally spaced. It is also possible that it consists of six arcuate inductors which are fixedly held. The base member is formed of a laminated plate in which disk-shaped thin plates are laminated or a hollow or solid block material. The inductor is preferably formed of a laminated structure of soft magnetic metal plates in order to reduce iron loss, but it may be formed of a solid block material. The fixing means of the inductor to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor may be a locking means such as a screw.

The rotor of this structure has a drawback that it has a large air resistance because it has irregularities on the outer peripheral surface, but it is not necessary to prepare a special device in the manufacturing facility, so it is suitable for small-quantity production. (Modification 1-2: Simple fixing means 2 for the inductor) Further, as another easy rotor configuration, six arc-shaped inductors arranged on the circumference at equal intervals are provided. It is also possible to use a disc-shaped base member for sandwiching and fixing the base member. That is, this rotor is manufactured by sandwiching each inductor between two discs that are base members, and fixing and holding each inductor at the outer peripheral edge portions of both base members facing each other.

In the rotor having such a structure, a plurality of inductors formed by laminating soft magnetic steel plates and two non-magnetic steel plates sandwiching the inductors from both sides in the axial direction are passed through in a plurality of directions. It can be firmly fixed with bolts and nuts that pass through the holes. When fixing, if an adhesive is also used, each inductor can be more firmly fixed and held. Since the rotor of this configuration also does not need to prepare a special device in the manufacturing facility,
Also suitable for small-scale production.

The above-mentioned modified forms 1-1 and 1-2.
The rotor of (1) can reduce the air resistance during rotation by including a spacer that closes the gap between the adjacent inductors and a thin cylindrical plate that covers the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. (Modification Mode 2: One-piece Molded Rotor Utilizing Magnetic Transformation)
As shown in FIG. 7, the AC generator of this modification has a rotor 1B having a base member portion 12B and six inductor portions 11B formed at equal intervals in the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion thereof.

The difference from the first embodiment is that each inductor portion 11
The rotor 1B composed of B and the base member portion 12B is
The point is that they are formed by laminating thin plates of the same metal disk on top of each other with an adhesive and insulating them. In this metal disk, a portion corresponding to each inductor portion 11B is made of soft magnetic metal, and a portion corresponding to the base member portion 12B is made of nonmagnetic metal.

That is, the rotor 1B is formed by laminating metal disks having a base member portion 12B and each inductor portion 11B which are integrally formed from stainless steel from the beginning. The base member portion 11B is formed of austenitic nonmagnetic stainless steel, and each inductor portion 11B is formed of martensite phase soft magnetic stainless steel.

Such a rotor 1B can be manufactured by partially transforming stainless steel into a magnetic material, or conversely by partially reverse transforming it to be non-magnetic. For example, the rotor 1B according to this modification is manufactured as follows. First, SUS39 (17) which is an unstable austenitic stainless steel (non-magnetic material)
-7 stainless steel) is used as a material, and cold work (rolling, pressing, etc.) with a deformation rate of about 60% is performed to perform work induction treatment. Then, the stainless steel is magnetically transformed, and a disk in which the whole is transformed into a martensite structure (soft magnetic material) is manufactured.

Next, only the portion corresponding to the base member portion 12B is subjected to high frequency heat treatment to heat it until it exceeds the transformation temperature. Then, only the base member portion 12B returns to the original austenitic stainless steel and is non-magnetized even if it reversely transforms. In this way, since a stainless steel disk, in which only the inductor portion 11B is a soft magnetic material, is manufactured, the rotor 1B of this modification can be manufactured by stacking a plurality of disks together with the inductor portion 11B. You can

Therefore, the rotor 1B initially comprises the base member portion 12B and each inductor 11B which are integrally formed from the same material. Each inductor portion 11B is formed by softening the portion by softening treatment, while the base member portion 12B is formed by making the portion non-magnetic by high-frequency heating treatment. By using the rotor 1B of the present modification configured as described above, the structure of the rotor becomes simpler and more robust. Further, the number of parts required for assembling and the number of assembling steps are further reduced, so that it is possible to manufacture a rotor with less failures at a lower cost.

As a result, the AC generator of the present modification is not only cheaper, but exhibits high reliability, and can withstand operation at a higher rotation speed than Modification 1. The shaft holes 10 provided in the central portions of the rotors 1, 1A and 1B are the same as those in the first embodiment.
It is common to the first and second modifications. Shaft hole 10
Are formed as round holes, but may be formed as polygonal holes. Alternatively, a metal boss for taper fitting may be provided in the inner diameter portion of the shaft hole 10 for the purpose of strength requirement and prevention of rotational shake.

[Modifications of Stator Core of First Embodiment] Next, as another modification of the first embodiment, some AC generators obtained by modifying the stator core 2 will be described below. (Modification 3: The field magnet is an electromagnet and the yoke is also a field coil) The stator core 2 of the AC generator according to this modification includes:
As shown in FIG. 8, as a field magnet, in addition to the field coil 3, a pair of field coils 3Y is formed. That is, not only the field coil 3 having the field salient pole portion 23 as the core as in the first embodiment but also the yokes 20 on both sides in the circumferential direction of each field salient pole portion 23 are provided with the yokes 20. And a pair of field coils 3Y are formed. The copper wires forming the coils 3 and 3Y are directly or indirectly connected to the field input terminals 31 and 32 at both ends and are supplied with an appropriate field current.

The winding direction of the pair of field coils 3Y is
Naturally, they are wound in mutually opposite directions so as to generate magnetic fluxes M facing each other or facing each other. Further, the pair of field coils 3Y is wound in a direction that promotes the magnetic field formed by the field coil 3. Therefore, the magnetic flux M generated in the yoke 20 by the both field coils 3Y passes through the field salient pole portion 23 in the field coil 3 and is emitted from the tip thereof, and enters the space in the stator core 2. Form a magnet. Magnetic flux M
Is further strengthened by the magnetic field generated by the field coil 3 when passing through the field coil 3 to form a field.

Here, FIG. 8 exemplifies a portion in which the tip of the field salient pole portion 23 forms the N pole. However, as in the first embodiment, since the adjacent field salient pole portions 23 are spaced apart from each other and alternate in polarity, it goes without saying that the field salient pole portion 23 having the S pole at the tip is also changed. , N poles are formed in the same number as the field salient pole portions 23. Now, in the AC generator having the field magnet configured as described above, the field formed by the field coil 3 is reinforced by the pair of field coils 3Y wound around the yoke 20. ,
An extremely strong field is formed. Therefore, the AC generator of this modification has all the effects of the first embodiment, and also has the effect of generating more powerful power. On the contrary, when it is not necessary to increase the power generation capacity, it is possible to manufacture the AC generator in a smaller size.

(Modification 4: Field magnet is a permanent magnet) As shown in FIG. 9, the stator core 2A of the AC generator of this modification has a permanent magnet 3M as a field magnet on its inner peripheral surface. There is. That is, the present modification is an AC generator that uses a permanent magnet 3M instead of the field magnet of the electromagnet including the field salient pole portion 23 and the field coil 3 of the first embodiment. Similar to the field salient pole portion 23 of the first embodiment, six permanent magnets 3M are arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 20 with the power generation salient pole portion 24 interposed therebetween. The permanent magnets 3M adjacent to each other with a space are alternately changed in polarity similarly to the field magnet of the first embodiment.

As means for fixing and holding the permanent magnet 3M on the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 20, conventional means such as screwing may be used. Alternatively, a thin inner cylinder made of a non-magnetic material may be used to press the permanent magnet 3M against the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 20 and then fix the permanent magnet 3M by adhesion. The configuration including the inner cylinder also has an effect of reducing loss due to air resistance due to rotation of the rotor.

In the AC generator of this modification, the field strength cannot be adjusted during operation, so the first effect of Example 1 (high power generation efficiency regardless of the number of revolutions) is impaired. , Other effects are not impaired. That is, the second effect (inertia moment of the rotor which can be freely adjusted during manufacturing) and the third effect (low manufacturing cost) are inherited as they are in the first embodiment.

Further, since the alternating current generator of this modification does not require a field current, the field coil 3 is used in the first embodiment.
It also has an effect of saving the electric energy (copper loss) consumed in. (Modification 5: Field magnet is a mixture of permanent magnet and electromagnet) In the AC generator of this modification, half of the field magnets (3
Is a permanent magnet 3M (see Modification 4), and the other half (3) is an electromagnet (see Example 1 or Modification 3).
However, the field magnet is a mixture of the permanent magnet 3M and the electromagnet.

Here, the permanent magnets 3M and the electromagnets are alternately arranged with the power-generating coil 4 interposed therebetween. Therefore, of the field magnets projecting from the yoke 20 in the centripetal direction, one of the north pole and the south pole is formed at the tips of all the permanent magnets 3M, and the other of the north pole and the south pole is formed at the tips of all the electromagnets. Are formed. In the AC generator of this modification, since half of the field magnets are the permanent magnets 3M, the field current can be saved and the copper loss can be reduced by half compared to the first embodiment. Further, since the remaining half of the field magnets are electromagnets, the field strength can be properly adjusted by increasing or decreasing the field current according to the change in the rotation speed.

Therefore, according to the AC generator of this modification, the copper loss due to the field current can be halved without losing all the effects of the first embodiment, and higher power generation efficiency can be obtained. To be demonstrated. Note that the number of permanent magnets 3M as field magnets and the number of electromagnets do not necessarily have to be the same. Therefore, a configuration in which one of the permanent magnets 3M and the other of the electromagnets is large and the other is small is also possible according to design requirements. Further, the permanent magnets 3M and the electromagnets do not necessarily have to be arranged alternately, and the permanent magnets 3M or the electromagnets may be biased to one of them.

(Modification 6: field magnet is a composite magnet of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet) In the AC generator of this modification, as shown in FIG.
As shown in 0, the field magnet is formed of the permanent magnet 3M and the electromagnet composite magnet 3C. That is, all of the field magnets are formed by the composite magnet 3C including the permanent magnet 3M protruding from the yoke 20 in the centripetal direction and the electromagnet formed by the field coil 3 wound around the permanent magnet 3M. .

Here, the electromagnet may have a form similar to that of the third modification. That is, the composite magnet 3C includes the field coil 3 having the permanent magnet 3M as an iron core, and the pair of field coils 3Y having the yokes 20 on both sides as iron cores.
Can be formed. According to this configuration, a stronger magnetic field can be formed, and further higher output can be expected.

Now, according to the sixth modification as described above,
Since the field magnet is the permanent magnet 3M and the electromagnet composite magnet 3C, it is possible to form an extremely strong field magnet, and as a result, it is possible to provide a small-sized and large-capacity AC generator. Not only that, but in the AC generator of this modification, all the effects of the first embodiment are not lost, so there is an extremely great advantage.

As in the modified mode 5, the composite magnet 3C used in the modified mode for a part of a plurality of field magnets.
A configuration using is also possible. [Example 2: Example in which rotor and stator of Example 1 are reversed] (Structure of Example 2) As shown in Fig. 11, the AC generator of this example has an AC generator of Example 1 (Fig. 1), the stator 1S is fixed, and the stator core 2 is rotationally driven to form the rotor 2R. Rotor core 2
A rotating shaft (not shown) that drives R is equipped with a slip ring (not shown) as a connecting means for connecting to an external circuit (not shown).

That is, the AC generator of this embodiment has as its main components the rotor 2R rotatably supported and the stator 1S which closely faces and opposes the rotor 2R. The stator 1S includes six inductors 1 as in the rotor 1 of the first embodiment.
1 and a base member 12, and is joined and fixed to a fixed shaft (not shown) by a shaft hole 10.

On the other hand, the rotor 2R, like the stator core 2 of the first embodiment, has a substantially hollow cylindrical yoke 20 and six field salient pole portions each projecting from the inner peripheral surface of the yoke 20 in the centripetal direction. 23 and a salient pole portion 24 for power generation. The field salient pole portion 23 and the power generation salient pole portion 24 are arranged in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the field coil 3 and the power generation coil 4 are formed around them. The winding directions of the field coil 3 and the power generation coil 4 are the same as in the first embodiment.

A rotary shaft (not shown) is joined to the rotor 2R at the center of rotation to drive the rotor 2R to rotate. Further, the rotor 2R is provided with two slip rings (not shown) connected to an external circuit (not shown) for the field current and two for the generated current. However, the number of slip rings can be reduced to three by using a common earth pole.

(Effect of Working Example 2) The AC generator of the working example 2 configured as described above has a power generating function similar to that of the working example 1. That is, if the power generation action of the stator core 2 is observed and described in the rotating coordinate system fixed to the rotor 1 of the first embodiment, the power generation action of the alternator of this embodiment is directly described.

Therefore, also in the AC generator of this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, by adjusting the field voltage of the variable voltage power supply 30 to flow an appropriate field current, the efficiency is high regardless of the number of revolutions. It can generate electricity. That is, the first effect (high power generation efficiency) of the first embodiment is similarly exhibited in the AC generator of this embodiment. However, since the field coil 3 and the power generation coil 4 are a part of the rotor 2R, the moment of inertia is large and its adjustment is not easy. In addition, for the same reason, it takes man-hours for dynamic balance, and in order to design and manufacture both coils 3, 4 and their wiring to withstand large centrifugal force and vibration,
We must be prepared for a reasonable manufacturing cost. Therefore, the second effect (the moment of inertia that can be easily adjusted) and the third effect (the manufacturing cost are significantly reduced) of the first embodiment are
This cannot be expected with the AC generator of this embodiment.

(Modification of Second Embodiment: Configuration Having Rotor Inside and Stator Outside) As a modification of the AC generator of Embodiment 2 (see FIG. 11), a rotor having a field coil and a power generating coil It is possible to have a configuration in which the stator is provided on the inner side and a plurality of inductors is fixedly held on the outer periphery on the outer side of the inductor at predetermined intervals. That is, the configuration of the present modified embodiment is a configuration in which the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the AC generator of the second embodiment are turned over.

Therefore, the rotor is composed of a rotor core made of a soft magnetic material joined to the rotating shaft, a field coil and a power generating coil, and a slip ring. The rotor core includes six field salient pole portions and six power generation salient pole portions that radially project on the same circumference around the rotation axis, and a central portion that connects these to connect and fix them to the rotation axis (Example). (Corresponding to two yokes 20). A field coil and a power generation coil are wound around each field salient pole portion and each power generation salient pole portion. The winding direction of each coil is the same as that in the second embodiment.

On the other hand, the stator is composed of six inductors facing the salient pole portions from the outside and a hollow cylindrical base member for holding the inductors at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. The inductor is a block in which soft magnetic steel plates having an arcuate cross section are laminated, the inner peripheral surface of which faces each salient pole portion of the rotor with a slight gap, and the outer peripheral surface of which is the inner peripheral surface of the base member. It is in contact with the surface. The inductor is fixedly held on the base member by means such as adhesion or screwing. The base member also serves as a part of the casing of the AC generator according to this modification.

The AC generator of this modification has a structure in which the inside and the outside of the second embodiment are simply turned inside out, and therefore exhibits the same power generation action as the second embodiment. The AC generator according to the present modification has no significant difference from the second embodiment in terms of effects, in addition to the fact that the rotor's moment of inertia is much smaller than that of the second embodiment and the manufacturing cost is slightly reduced.

(Other Modifications of Second Embodiment) Second Embodiment
Example 1 is also applied to the AC generator of the present invention or a modification thereof.
However, there may be the same modified modes as the modified modes 1 to 6. For example, in contrast to the modification of the second embodiment described above, there is a modification in which a base member that fixes and holds the six stators of the stator is formed by two disks, and all the inductors are sandwiched in the axial direction ( Corresponding to variant 1B). In this modification, the rotor rotates within the thickness of the inductor in the axial direction.

Even in such various modifications, the same effects as those obtained in the modifications of the first embodiment will be obtained in many cases.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an AC generator of Example 1 as viewed from the axial direction.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the rotor of the AC generator according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a stator core of the AC generator according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a partial assembly diagram showing the operation of the AC generator according to the first embodiment. The state transition diagram changes in accordance with the rotation of the rotor in the order of (a) to (c).

FIG. 5 is an external circuit diagram of the AC generator according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a rotor of Modification 1 of Example 1.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a rotor according to a second modification of the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a partial schematic diagram showing a configuration of a stator of Modification 3 of Example 1.

FIG. 9 is a partial schematic diagram showing the configuration of a stator according to Modification 4 of Example 1.

FIG. 10 is a partial schematic diagram showing a configuration of a stator of Modification 6 of Example 1.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an AC generator of Example 2 as viewed from the axial direction.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional magnet field type AC generator.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Rotor 10: Shaft hole 11, 11A, 11B: Inductor 12, 12A, 12
B: Base member 2: Stator core 20: Yoke 21: Field coil 22: Electromagnet 23: Field salient pole portion 24: Power generation coil 3M: Permanent magnet 3C: Composite magnet 3: Field coil 30: Variable voltage Power supply 31,3
2: Field input terminal 4: Power generation coil 41, 42: Power generation output terminal M: Direction of magnetic flux R: Rotation direction 1S: Stator 2R: Rotor (both are only Example 2)

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. An alternating current generator having a rotatably rotatably supported rotor and a stator core made of a soft magnetic material in close proximity to and facing the rotor, wherein the rotor is made of a non-magnetic material having a substantially axisymmetric shape. And a plurality of inductors made of a soft magnetic material fixedly held on the base member at equal intervals in the circumferential direction along the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the base member, and the stator core comprises: A plurality of field magnets facing the inductor, a plurality of power-generating salient pole portions facing the inductor,
The field magnet has a substantially circular yoke that connects between the salient pole portions, and the field magnet has alternating magnetic poles between the adjacent field magnets with a space therebetween. The alternating current is characterized in that the power generation salient pole portions are formed with power generation coils in which the winding directions are alternately changed between the power generation salient pole portions that are adjacent to each other and are spaced apart from each other. Generator. 2. The number of the field magnets is an even number, and the number of the power generating coils is the same number as the field magnets, and the field magnets and the power generating coils are the same circle. The inductors are alternately arranged at equal intervals on the circumference, and the number of the inductors is an even number which is the same as the number of the field magnets or the power-generating coils, and the inductors are the same circles. The AC generator according to claim 1, wherein the AC generators are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference. 3. The AC generator according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the field magnet is a permanent magnet. 4. A field salient pole portion, wherein a part or all of the field magnet is made of a soft magnetic material protruding from the yoke,
The AC generator according to claim 1, which is an electromagnet comprising the field salient pole portion and / or a field coil formed by using a yoke adjacent to the field salient pole portion as an iron core. 5. A part or all of the field magnet comprises a permanent magnet protruding from the yoke, and a field coil formed with the permanent magnet and / or the yoke adjacent to the permanent magnet as an iron core. The AC generator according to claim 1, which is a composite magnet consisting of 6. The AC generator according to claim 1, wherein the rotor has the inductor on an outer peripheral surface thereof, and the stator core faces the inductor from an outer periphery of the rotor. 7. The rotor is initially composed of the base member and the inductor integrally formed of the same material, and the inductor is formed by softening a magnetic portion of the portion by a predetermined process. The alternator according to claim 1, wherein the base member is formed by non-magnetically forming the base member by another predetermined process. 8. The rotor comprises the base member and the inductor integrally formed from stainless steel from the beginning, the base member being formed of austenitic non-magnetic stainless steel, and the inductor comprising: The AC generator according to claim 7, which is formed of a soft magnetic stainless steel having a martensite phase. 9. An alternating current generator having a rotatably rotatably supported rotor and a stator closely adjacent to and facing the rotor, wherein the stator is made of a soft magnetic material arranged at equal intervals in a circumferential direction. A plurality of inductors, and a base member made of a non-magnetic material that holds and holds the inductors facing the rotor, and the rotor includes a plurality of field magnets facing the inductors. A plurality of salient pole portions for power generation made of a soft magnetic material facing the inductor, a fixed holding between the field magnet and the salient pole portion, and between the field magnet and the salient pole portion. And a rotor core made of a soft magnetic material that connects the field magnets, the field magnets have alternating magnetic polarities between adjacent field magnets with a gap, and the salient pole portion for power generation has a gap. For power generation where the adjacent salient poles are spaced apart and the winding direction is alternating in alternating Yl are formed, AC generator, characterized in that it comprises a connecting means for electrically connecting the external circuit and the rotor according to the power generation and or action of the field of the rotor.