JPH0830338B2 - Underwater pouring method of lightweight soil - Google Patents
Underwater pouring method of lightweight soilInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0830338B2 JPH0830338B2 JP3161793A JP3161793A JPH0830338B2 JP H0830338 B2 JPH0830338 B2 JP H0830338B2 JP 3161793 A JP3161793 A JP 3161793A JP 3161793 A JP3161793 A JP 3161793A JP H0830338 B2 JPH0830338 B2 JP H0830338B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lightweight soil
- water
- soil
- pipe
- casting pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、土砂、セメント、水お
よび気泡からなる未硬化の軽量土（以下、単に軽量土と
いう）を水中に打設する方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for placing uncured lightweight soil (hereinafter simply referred to as lightweight soil) consisting of earth and sand, cement, water and air bubbles in water.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の埋立は、捨石護岸などにより仕切
られた水域内へ含水比の大きい浚渫土スラリーを放流す
ることにより行われているが、浚渫土砂以外の大量の余
剰水を外域に放流する前に汚染処理を施す必要があり、
そのために広い用地と余剰水処理設備が必要となる。ま
た、埋立後の地盤が脱水されて安定化するのに長時間か
かり、また、埋立地盤が軟弱であると地盤改良工事が必
要となるという問題がある。そこで、これらの問題を回
避するため、通常の浚渫土スラリーの代わりに、高濃度
浚渫土砂、セメントおよび気泡からなる軽量土を用いる
水中埋立方法が開発されつつある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventional landfilling is performed by discharging a dredged soil slurry having a large water content ratio into a water area partitioned by a rubble revetment, etc., but a large amount of excess water other than dredged soil is discharged to the outside area. It is necessary to treat the pollution before
Therefore, a large land and a surplus water treatment facility are required. Further, it takes a long time for the ground after landfill to be dehydrated and stabilized, and when the landfill is soft, ground improvement work is required. Therefore, in order to avoid these problems, an underwater landfilling method using a lightweight soil consisting of highly-concentrated dredged sand, cement, and air bubbles is being developed in place of the usual dredged soil slurry.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、この軽
量土を、従来の浚渫土スラリーによる埋立の際に用いら
れる方法で水底の基盤上に打設すると、軽量土は単位体
積重量が小さいため、通常の土砂に比べて水中における
流動性が乏しく、打設管から流出した軽量土はその先端
付近の極く狭い範囲内に止まって、周囲に広がらず、ま
た、このように広がっていかない軽量土に囲まれて打設
管の先端が軽量土中に深く埋めこまれると、後に続く軽
量土の流出が妨げられて、打設管の先端から軽量土が円
滑に流出しなくなるという問題がある。However, when this lightweight soil is placed on the base of the bottom of the water by the method used for landfill with the conventional dredged soil slurry, the lightweight soil usually has a small unit volume weight, Since it has less fluidity in water than that of sand and sand, the lightweight soil flowing out of the casting pipe stops in an extremely narrow area near its tip, does not spread to the surroundings, and becomes a lightweight soil that does not spread in this way. If the tip of the casting pipe is buried deeply in the lightweight soil while being surrounded, there is a problem in that the subsequent outflow of the lightweight soil is hindered and the lightweight soil does not flow out smoothly from the tip of the casting pipe.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、このような問
題を解決し、軽量土を水中で打設するのに適した方法を
提供することを目的とし、仕切材で仕切られた水域内の
水中で打設管を通して、土砂、セメント、水および気泡
からなる未硬化の軽量土を打設する方法において、前記
打設管の先端を、その先端から流出した前記軽量土中に
埋没させ、かつこの打設管を引き上げながら軽量土を水
中の基盤上に流出させ、そしてこの流出操作を逐次場所
を変えて繰り返すことを特徴とする、軽量土の水中打設
方法に係るものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to solve such problems and to provide a method suitable for placing lightweight soil in water. In the water, through the casting pipe, in the method of placing uncured lightweight soil consisting of soil, cement, water and air bubbles, the tip of the casting pipe is buried in the lightweight soil flowing out from the tip, Further, the present invention relates to a method for pouring lightweight soil in water, characterized in that the pouring pipe is pulled up to cause the lightweight soil to flow out onto the underwater foundation, and this outflow operation is sequentially repeated at different locations.
【０００５】本発明で使用される軽量土は、土砂、セメ
ント、水および気泡からなり、例えば、土砂スラリ、セ
メントおよび気泡を混合することにより製造される。軽
量土の単位体積重量は、１．０５〜１．４０ｔ／ｍ3 で
あるのが好ましい。軽量土の単位体積重量が１．０５ｔ
／ｍ3 未満になると、それが海水の比重に近くなるかあ
るいはそれを下回って、海水中の打設が困難となり、他
方これが１．４０ｔ／ｍ3 よりも大きくなると、通常の
浚渫土の単位体積重量に近づいて、埋立地で基盤の沈下
が起こりやすくなる。The lightweight soil used in the present invention is composed of sediment, cement, water and air bubbles, and is produced, for example, by mixing earth and sand slurry, cement and air bubbles. The unit volume weight of the lightweight soil is preferably 1.05 to 1.40 t / m 3 . Unit volume weight of lightweight soil is 1.05t
If it is less than / m 3 , it will be close to or below the specific gravity of seawater, making it difficult to place it in seawater, while if it is greater than 1.40t / m 3 , it will be the unit of normal dredged soil. Subsidence is more likely to occur at landfills due to approaching volumetric weight.
【０００６】セメントとしては、コンクリート構造物ま
たはセメント製品の製造において通常使用されているい
ずれのセメントも使用することができ、例えば、普通ポ
ルトランドセメント、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセ
メントなどを使用することができる。As the cement, any of the cements usually used in the production of concrete structures or cement products can be used, for example, ordinary Portland cement, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement and the like can be used. .
【０００７】水としては、水道水、河川水、地下水、湖
水または海水等を使用することができる。気泡として
は、通常気泡セメントを製造する際に使用される動物蛋
白系またはアニオン界面活性剤系の起泡材から得られる
プレフォーム型気泡が好ましく用いられる。気泡は、５
００〜５０００ｃｐｓの粘度を有するのが好ましい。気
泡の粘度はＢ型粘度計を用いてローター回転数６０ｒｐ
ｍで測定される値である。この粘度が５００ｃｐｓ未満
になると、気泡は破泡しやすくなり、他方それが５００
０ｃｐｓよりも高くなると、起泡材の使用量が多くなり
過ぎて経済上好ましくない。As the water, tap water, river water, ground water, lake water or sea water can be used. As the cells, preform-type cells obtained from an animal protein-based or anionic surfactant-based foaming material usually used in the production of aerated cement are preferably used. 5 bubbles
It preferably has a viscosity of 00 to 5000 cps. The viscosity of the bubbles is 60 rpm for the rotor rotation using a B-type viscometer.
It is a value measured by m. When this viscosity is less than 500 cps, the bubbles are more likely to break, while it is less than 500 cps.
When it is higher than 0 cps, the amount of the foaming material used becomes too large, which is not economically preferable.
【０００８】軽量土は、図１に示されるように打設管３
を通じて水中の基盤Ｃ上に打設されるが、その際、既に
打設管から流出された軽量土の頂部に打設管の先端６
を、すなわちその先端６を浅く常に埋没させ、かつ打設
管を引き上げながら、軽量土を打設管から流出させる。
この場合、打設管の先端埋没深さは、打設管の直径の２
〜３倍程度であるのが望ましい。The lightweight soil, as shown in FIG.
It is cast on the underwater foundation C through the pipe, and at this time, the tip 6 of the cast pipe is placed on the top of the lightweight soil that has already flowed out from the cast pipe.
That is, the tip end 6 is always buried shallowly, and while the casting pipe is being pulled up, the lightweight soil is allowed to flow out from the casting pipe.
In this case, the buried depth of the tip of the casting pipe is 2 times the diameter of the casting pipe.
It is desirable to be about 3 times.
【０００９】打設管は、１本の管または複数の管よりな
る。打設管の直径および本数は、埋立数量の規模によっ
て決められる。複数打設管の適正間隔は、軽量土の打設
管から、軽量土が流出する線速度などにより変化するの
で、予備試験により決定するのが望ましいが、一般に打
設管直径の１０〜１５倍程度が好ましい。The casting pipe is composed of a single pipe or a plurality of pipes. The diameter and number of casting pipes are determined by the scale of landfill quantity. It is desirable to determine the proper interval between multiple casting pipes by preliminary tests, because it varies depending on the linear velocity at which the lightweight soil flows out of the casting pipe of lightweight soil, but generally it is 10 to 15 times the diameter of the casting pipe. A degree is preferable.
【００１０】軽量土は、打設管３を引き上げながら、一
定の高さになるまで打設管から流出させて、図１に示さ
れるような軽量土の塊５を順次打設する。軽量土は、例
えば、打設船４に積載し、それをポンプ圧送することに
より打設管３から流出させる。軽量土の打設高さは、軽
量土の単位体積重量、配合組成および打設管直径などに
より変わり、事前に試験的に選定するのが好ましいが、
一般に打設管直径の１０〜２０倍程度である。The lightweight soil is made to flow out from the casting pipe while pulling up the casting pipe 3 until it reaches a certain height, and the mass 5 of the lightweight soil as shown in FIG. 1 is sequentially cast. The lightweight soil is loaded on, for example, a placing ship 4, and is pumped out to flow out from the placing pipe 3. The casting height of the lightweight soil varies depending on the unit volume weight of the lightweight soil, the composition of the composition, the diameter of the casting pipe, etc., and it is preferable to select it on a trial basis in advance.
Generally, it is about 10 to 20 times the diameter of the casting pipe.
【００１１】このような軽量土の塊を打設する工程を、
図１および図２に示されるように、仕切材１で仕切られ
た水域Ａ内の基盤Ｃ上で繰り返えすことによって全域を
軽量土で覆う。この際の打設間隔は、事前の予備試験に
おいて打設高さと底面積との関係を調べて決定される。[0011] The step of placing such a block of lightweight soil,
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the entire area is covered with lightweight soil by repeating on the base C in the water area A partitioned by the partition material 1. The placement interval at this time is determined by examining the relationship between the placement height and the bottom area in a preliminary test.
【００１２】仕切られた水域内の基盤全域を軽量土の塊
で覆って１段目の埋立地盤を構築した後、図１に示され
るように、その上で再度軽量土の塊を構築する工程を繰
り返して２段目の埋立地盤を構築する。このようにして
多段的に水面までまたは必要に応じて水面より上まで軽
量土の塊を打設して軽量埋立地盤を構築する。After constructing the first-stage landfill board by covering the entire basement in the partitioned water area with a block of lightweight soil, as shown in FIG. 1, a block of lightweight soil is again constructed on it. Repeat to build a second-stage landfill board. In this way, a lightweight landfill board is constructed by placing light soil blocks in multiple stages up to the surface of the water or above the surface of the water as necessary.
【００１３】仕切材としては、通常、鋼管矢板または鋼
矢板を使用できるが、本発明においては、好ましくは、
１０ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以上の引張強度および５×１０-1〜１
×１０-2ｃｍ／秒の透水係数を有する織布または不織布
１が、支持体２に固定されて使用される。本発明で使用
される軽量土は単位体積重量が小さく、これを水中に打
設すると、打設した軽量土は、水の浮力により自立しや
すい。このために、仕切り面に対する水平土圧が著しく
軽減し、従って、従来の鋼管矢板または鋼矢板と比べて
敷設が極めて容易な、引張強度10ｋｇ／５ｃｍ以上の織
布または不織布で水中を仕切ることができる。織布また
は不織布として、透水係数が５×１０-1〜１×１０-2ｃ
ｍ／秒であるものを用いると、軽量土を投入することに
よって生じた余剰水は織布または不織布を透過し、かつ
その投入によって生じた水域Ａ内の汚濁物の大半が濾過
される。従って、このような織布または不織布を仕切材
として用いると、埋立によって生ずる余剰水を水域Ａの
外側Ｂに排出させる工程も、また、この排出前に汚濁物
を除去するために従来行われていた汚濁処理も不要にな
る。また、支持体２としては、例えば、鋼管またはＨ型
鋼が使用できる。As the partition material, a steel pipe sheet pile or a steel sheet pile can be usually used, but in the present invention, preferably,
Tensile strength of 10 kg / 5 cm or more and 5 × 10 -1 to 1
A woven or non-woven fabric 1 having a water permeability of × 10 -2 cm / sec is used by being fixed to a support 2. The lightweight soil used in the present invention has a small unit volume weight, and when the lightweight soil is placed in water, the placed lightweight soil easily becomes independent due to the buoyancy of water. For this reason, the horizontal earth pressure on the partition surface is significantly reduced, and therefore it is possible to partition the water with a woven or non-woven fabric having a tensile strength of 10 kg / 5 cm or more, which is extremely easy to lay compared to the conventional steel pipe sheet pile or steel sheet pile. it can. As a woven or non-woven fabric, the hydraulic conductivity is 5 × 10 -1 to 1 × 10 -2 c
When m / sec is used, surplus water generated by adding lightweight soil permeates the woven or non-woven fabric, and most of the contaminants in the water area A generated by the addition are filtered. Therefore, when such a woven or non-woven fabric is used as a partitioning material, a step of discharging excess water generated by landfill to the outside B of the water area A is also conventionally performed to remove contaminants before the discharging. No need for pollution treatment. Further, as the support body 2, for example, a steel pipe or an H-shaped steel can be used.
【００１４】[0014]
【実施例】ついで、本発明の方法に従って実施された埋
立地盤の打設実験について説明する。EXAMPLES Next, a landing board placing experiment carried out according to the method of the present invention will be described.
【００１５】軽量土としては、川崎市浮島産の海成粘土
（含水比９６．５％）１ｍ3 に、高炉セメントＢ種１４
０ｋｇ、水７７０ｋｇおよび動物蛋白系起泡材を２５倍
に発泡させることにより得られた気泡（粘度：４２００
ｃｐｓ）５４０リットルを混合して製造された単位体積
重量１．０８ｔ／ｍ3 の軽量土を用いた。As lightweight soil, 1 m 3 of marine clay (water content 96.5%) from Ukishima, Kawasaki City, and blast furnace cement B type 14
Bubbles (viscosity: 4200) obtained by foaming 0 kg, 770 kg of water and an animal protein foaming material 25 times
cps) of 540 liters was used to produce a lightweight soil having a unit volume weight of 1.08 t / m 3 .
【００１６】打設管３’としては、図４に示されるよう
な、長さ１．５ｍ、直径１インチの鋼製の管３本を４０
ｃｍの間隔で互いに固定したものを用いた。上記の軽量
土および、直径１インチの鋼製の管１本を用いて、軽量
土を予備的に打設すると、その最適な高さは３０ｃｍで
あり、その際の底面直径４０ｃｍであることがわかっ
た。As the casting pipe 3 ', 40 steel pipes having a length of 1.5 m and a diameter of 1 inch as shown in FIG. 4 are used.
Those fixed to each other at an interval of cm were used. When the lightweight soil is preliminarily cast using the lightweight soil and one steel pipe having a diameter of 1 inch, the optimum height is 30 cm, and the bottom diameter at that time is 40 cm. all right.
【００１７】図３に示されるように、縦２ｍ、横２．４
ｍ、深さ１．５ｍの鋼製の水槽Ｄに、支持体２’として
呼び径２０ｍｍの塩ビパイプ２’を固定し、その回り
に、仕切材１’として幅１ｍの、東レ製ポリエステル不
織布マントルＤ５１５（商標）（引張強度：縦４４ｋｇ
／５ｃｍ、横１８ｋｇ／５ｃｍ、透水係数１．５×１０
-1ｃｍ／秒）を取りつける。水槽Ｄに水道水を深さ１ｍ
になるように入れる。このように準備された水槽の、仕
切られた水域Ａ’内のＳ点から軽量土の打設を開始し
た。打設管の先端が流出した軽量土の上端部中に常に約
１０ｃｍ埋没されている状態で打設管を引き上げなが
ら、流出した軽量土の塊５’の高さが４０ｃｍになるま
で、ポンプ圧送された軽量土を打設管から流出させた。
３本の管から排出される軽量土の流出速度は、合計で３
０リットル／分とした。As shown in FIG. 3, the height is 2 m and the width is 2.4.
m as a support 2'in a water tank D made of steel having a depth of 1.5 m.
Fix the PVC pipe 2'with a nominal diameter of 20 mm, and around it
In addition, a 1 m wide partition material 1'made of Toray polyester
Woven mantle D515 (trademark) (tensile strength: vertical 44 kg
/ 5cm, width 18kg / 5cm, water permeability 1.5 × 10
-1cm / sec). Tap water in tank D 1m deep
So that The aquarium prepared in this way
Start pouring lightweight soil at point S in the cut water A '
Was. The tip of the driving pipe is constantly exposed in the upper end of the lightweight soil.
Do not pull up the casting pipe while it is buried 10 cm.
Until the height of the spilled lightweight soil mass 5'is 40 cm.
Then, the lightweight soil pumped out was discharged from the casting pipe.
The total discharge rate of lightweight soil discharged from the three pipes is 3
It was set to 0 liter / minute.
【００１８】次に、上記と同様な埋没深さ、塊状軽量土
寸法および流出速度の下で、図３の矢印Ｘの向きに打設
管３’を１２０ｃｍ移動させて軽量土の塊５’を打設し
た後、打設管３’を図３の矢印Ｙの向きに４０ｃｍ移動
させて軽量土の塊５’を打設し、次いで打設管３’を矢
印Ｘの逆向きに１２０ｃｍ移動させて軽量土の塊５’を
打設し、そしてこのような一連の工程を繰り返すことに
よって水域Ａ’内の全域を軽量土の塊で覆った。Next, under the same burial depth, lumpy lightweight soil size and outflow velocity as above, the casting pipe 3'is moved 120 cm in the direction of arrow X in FIG. After placing, the placing pipe 3'is moved by 40 cm in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG. 3 to place the mass of light soil 5 ', and then the placing pipe 3'is moved by 120 cm in the opposite direction of the arrow X. Then, a block of light soil 5'was placed, and by repeating such a series of steps, the whole area of the water area A'was covered with the block of light soil.
【００１９】このようにして１段目の埋立地盤を打設し
た後、再度打設管をＳ点に戻して同一の工程を繰り返し
て２段目の埋立地盤を打設し、さらに、３段目の埋立地
盤も打設して、３段の埋立地盤からなる高さ９０ｃｍの
軽量埋立地盤が構築された。打設終了後の水域Ｂ’内に
は、懸濁物ＳＳは平均して８ｍｇ／リットル含まれてお
り、水域Ｂ’内への汚濁流出は非常に少ないことがわか
った。また、打設地盤の２８日後の圧縮強度は平均２．
３ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 、単位体積重量は平均１．２１ｔ／ｍ
3 であった。さらに、打設２８日後の不織布のたわみは
最大３ｃｍであり、不織布が仕切材として十分に使用に
耐えることがわかった。After the first-stage landfill board is placed in this way, the placing pipe is returned to the point S again and the same process is repeated to place the second-stage landfill board, and then the third-stage landfill board. An eye landfill board was also placed to construct a 90 cm high light landfill board consisting of three stages of landfill boards. It was found that the suspension SS contained in the water area B ′ after the casting was 8 mg / liter on average, and the amount of polluted outflow into the water area B ′ was very small. In addition, the compressive strength of the cast ground after 28 days is 2.
3 kgf / cm 2 , average weight per unit is 1.21 t / m
Was 3 . Further, the maximum deflection of the nonwoven fabric after 28 days of casting was 3 cm, and it was found that the nonwoven fabric could be sufficiently used as a partitioning material.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、軽量土を円滑に、かつ
効率よく水底の基盤上に打設することができる。また、
その場合に仕切材として織布または不織布を用いれば、
余剰水の排出操作および打設に伴って生ずる汚濁物の除
去処理を格別施さすことなく、軽量土を水中で打設する
ことができる。According to the present invention, lightweight soil can be placed smoothly and efficiently on the base of the water bottom. Also,
In that case, if woven or non-woven fabric is used as the partition material,
The lightweight soil can be placed in water without special treatment for discharging excess water and removing contaminants generated by the placement.
【図１】 本発明方法を実施する態様を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a mode for carrying out the method of the present invention.
【図２】 図１のａ−ａ横断面を示す断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the aa cross section of FIG.
【図３】 本発明方法を実験的に実施した実施例を示す
平面図である。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which the method of the present invention is experimentally carried out.
【図４】 実施例で使用した打設管の要部を示す部分側
面図図である。FIG. 4 is a partial side view showing a main part of a driving pipe used in an example.
１，１’ 仕切材 ２，２’ 支持体 ３，３’ 打設管 ４ 打設船 ５，５’ 軽量土の塊 ６ 打設管の先端 Ａ，Ａ’，Ｂ，Ｂ’ 水域 Ｃ 基盤 Ｄ 水槽 1,1 'Partition material 2,2' Support 3,3 'Casting pipe 4 Casting vessel 5,5' Light soil mass 6 Tip of casting pipe A, A ', B, B'Water area C Base D Aquarium
Claims (3)
管を通して、土砂、セメント、水および気泡からなる未
硬化の軽量土を打設する方法において、前記打設管の先
端を、その先端から流出した前記軽量土中に埋没させ、
かつこの打設管を引き上げながら軽量土を水中の基盤上
に流出させ、そしてこの流出操作を逐次場所を変えて繰
り返すことを特徴とする、軽量土の水中打設方法。1. A method of placing uncured lightweight soil consisting of earth, sand, cement, water and bubbles through a casting pipe in water in a water area partitioned by a partition material, wherein the tip of the casting pipe is It is buried in the lightweight soil that has flowed out from its tip,
In addition, a method for pouring lightweight soil into water is characterized in that the soil is discharged onto a submerged foundation while pulling up the casting pipe, and this outflow operation is sequentially repeated at different locations.
〜１．４０ｔ／ｍ3である、請求項１記載の方法。2. The unit volume weight of uncured lightweight soil is 1.05.
The method according to claim 1, which is ˜1.40 t / m 3 .
強度および５×１０ -1〜１×１０-2ｃｍ／秒の透水係数
を有する織布または不織布である、請求項１または２記
載の方法。3. The partition material has a tensile strength of 10 kg / 5 cm or more.
Strength and 5x10 -1~ 1 × 10-2Permeability coefficient of cm / sec
3. A woven or non-woven fabric having a
How to list.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3161793A JPH0830338B2 (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1993-02-22 | Underwater pouring method of lightweight soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3161793A JPH0830338B2 (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1993-02-22 | Underwater pouring method of lightweight soil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06240674A JPH06240674A (en) | 1994-08-30 |
| JPH0830338B2 true JPH0830338B2 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
Family
ID=12336177
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3161793A Expired - Lifetime JPH0830338B2 (en) | 1993-02-22 | 1993-02-22 | Underwater pouring method of lightweight soil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0830338B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4614168B2 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2011-01-19 | 五洋建設株式会社 | Apparatus for testing resistance to separation of water in lightweight soil and test method thereof |
-
1993
- 1993-02-22 JP JP3161793A patent/JPH0830338B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06240674A (en) | 1994-08-30 |
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