JPH08302886A - Domed roof using movable louver - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To produce an optimum indoor environment according to season, weather, purposes, etc., by increasing degrees of freedom in the pattern of opening and closing a roof. CONSTITUTION: A plurality of movable roof units 3 that move along a roof surface are provided in an opening in a domed roof. A plurality of louvers 4 are incorporated into each movable roof unit 3 in such a way as to be parallel to one another, and with the movable roof unit 3 covering the roof opening 2, each louver 4 is rotated about its axis to vary the areas of openings between the louvers 4 and the direction from which tight, wind, etc., enter. A plurality of opening-mounted main beams 6 that serve as the paths of travel of the movable roof units 3 move parallel to one another along fixed support beams 5a located on the opposite sides of the opening 2, so that the roof can be opened and closed in three steps by the opening and closing of the louvers, the movement of the movable roof units 3, and the movement of the opening-mounted main beams 6. In high wind, etc., the opening-mounted main beams 6 are left in the opening 2 so that structural stability as an entire roof is maintained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dome roof using a movable louver used for a multipurpose hall such as a leisure facility, an event venue or a dome type structure such as a stadium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an all-weather dome that has been used as a facility for a baseball field or a stadium covers the entire facility with a spherical or arched roof and mainly copes with rainfall, snowfall, wind, etc. It is an object. As such an all-weather dome, in addition to a shell structure and a bending structure made of reinforced concrete or having a truss as a skeleton, an air film structure for reducing the weight of the roof structure (for example, JP-A-60-
73974), a tension film structure (for example,
Various types of film structures such as a suspension film structure (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-99573) are used. Also,
In the film structure, a semitransparent film material is often used in consideration of lighting.

On the other hand, various types of openable and closable domes have been developed in order to take in natural light and outside air as much as possible to give a feeling of liberation when the weather is good. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 59-126835 discloses a structure of a hollow hemispherical dome in which a dome-shaped opening is formed at the top of the dome body, and an opening / closing lid is provided at the opening. Has been done. Also, JP-A-61-2740
Japanese Patent Publication No. 29 discloses a structure in which a dome roof is divided in a radial direction with substantially the same width, and it is configured by a plurality of arch-shaped movable roofs having different radii of curvature, and each movable roof is slidable along parallel tracks. Has been done.

Further, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 6-136829 discloses a dome-shaped structure which allows natural light to be taken into the roof portion of the dome-shaped structure and is excellent in ventilation, water resistance and acoustic performance. For the purpose of providing the above, there is disclosed a structure of a louver roof in which the roof surface is composed of a large number of louvers and an opening which constitutes a louver for daylighting is formed between the upper and lower louvers.

[0005]

In the case of the conventional all-weather dome, it is difficult to take in natural light and outside air to give a feeling of liberation, unlike a dome that can be opened and closed. Also, in the case of a film structure using a translucent film material, maintenance of the film material against dirt and damage is troublesome, and since the film material generally has low sound absorption characteristics, good acoustic performance is achieved for the dome. There is a problem that it is difficult to give.

[0006] In the case of the openable and closable dome, it takes a long time to open and close a large dome, so that it may not be possible to follow a change in weather such as sudden rain. Furthermore, large-scale opening and closing of the roof increases the running cost required for power. Also, by opening the dome roof, there is an advantage that natural light can be taken in, but there is a problem of glare due to direct light. In addition, since sound inside and outside the dome leaks in the opened state, it is difficult to obtain good acoustic performance.

On the other hand, the one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-136829 discloses the incorporation of natural light (elimination of glare caused by direct light), ventilation, water resistance, acoustic performance, etc. by varying the angle of the louver. However, the degree of freedom of the opening and closing pattern by the louver is small, and it is difficult to obtain the open feeling of the conventional openable dome. Further, when it is desired to use it as a baseball stadium or as an athletics stadium, especially for throwing competitions, there is a problem that the usage method is limited depending on the roof height.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. By using a roof unit incorporating a plurality of movable louvers, the advantages of a louver roof can be maintained and the opening and closing patterns can be freely set. The purpose of the invention is to provide a dome roof that can be used more frequently, has improved workability, and can create an optimal indoor environment depending on the season, weather, application, etc.

[0009]

According to the present invention, in a dome roof having a fixed roof portion, a roof opening and a plurality of opening roof units, a plurality of louvers are installed in parallel in the opening roof unit and the louvers are installed in parallel. A drive device for rotating about the axis is provided. This drive (rotation) device can rotate with extremely small power in order to balance the weight with the louver.

By constructing the opening roof unit as a movable roof unit so as to be movable along the roof surface (corresponding to claim 2), it is possible to open and close the roof opening on a large scale. As for the drive mechanism, various conventionally known mechanisms can be applied.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the second aspect, one of the moving mechanisms of the movable roof unit is limited, and the opening shape of the roof opening is rectangular, and the roof opening is located on two opposite sides. This is a case in which a plurality of opening main beams are installed between the fixed support beams and the movable roof unit travels along these opening main beams. In this case, the movable roof unit moves along the main beam of the opening at the opening, and gradually moves along the traveling path or the like provided on the roof as it is so as to overlap the fixed roof.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above-described two-stage opening / closing of the louver and opening / closing by moving the movable roof unit,
Further, the case where the two ends of the opening main beam are moved in parallel along the fixed support beams on the two sides facing each other in the opening to enable the opening and closing in three steps is limited. The situation in which the opening main beam needs to be moved is, for example, when a pitching game or a baseball is played. However, since the opening main beam is located at a distance from the opening when the wind is strong, the structural stability of the entire roof frame is increased.

The louver forms an elongated opening between the blades of the adjacent louvers. By rotating the blade around an axis by using a driving device, the angle of the blade is changed, and the opening area, light and wind are changed. It is also possible to close the opening by changing the direction of entry of the louvers and the like, and by matching the ends of the louvers of the adjacent louvers.

The louvers are not limited to being incorporated in all the opening roof units or the movable roof units, but may be incorporated in only some of the opening roof units or the movable roof units.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, one of the structures of the louver that opens and closes by such rotation about the axis is limited. The louver has a rotary shaft that is rotated by a drive device and one side of the rotary shaft. And a light-transmitting vane whose outer surface has a concave shape, and reinforcing ribs arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft and the vane.

As a material for the wing plate, a polycarbonate plate having a light transmittance of about 30% can be considered as an example, but it is not particularly limited to synthetic resin, metal or the like.

[0017]

EXAMPLES Next, the illustrated examples will be described. In addition, the embodiment described below is an embodiment in the case of a movable roof unit in which the opening roof unit moves along the roof surface, and when the opening roof unit is a fixed type, a moving mechanism as a roof unit is required. Disappear.

FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (c) are plan views showing a three-stage open / closed state of a roof portion in an embodiment of the dome roof of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c). 3 is a conceptual view showing a three-stage open / closed state as a vertical sectional view.

The present embodiment is a roof of a dome structure having a ceiling height of about 35 m and an opening / closing roof opening of 100 m × 180 m in the center.
And a suspension structure for suspending and supporting the skeleton of the roof portion with suspension cables, stay cables, hanger cables, etc. (in FIGS. 1 and 2,
(Suspension cables, stay cables, hanger cables, etc. are not shown).

The peripheral portion of the roof constitutes a fixed roof portion 1 in which a film material such as ethylene tetrafluoride is mounted on a steel frame, and a rectangular opening 2 is formed inside thereof. The opening 2 is covered by a movable roof unit 3 in which 5 units are arranged on each side of the center axis in the left-right direction in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the structure of a single louver 4 incorporated in the movable roof unit 3. The rotary shaft 4b is rotated by a driving device and the outer surface provided on one side of the rotary shaft 4b is concave. The translucent wing 4b,
It consists of a propeller-shaped reinforcing rib 4c.

The blade of the louver 4 in this embodiment is made of a polycarbonate plate having a light transmittance of 30%, and the area covered by one blade 4a is 6 m wide and 45 m long. Further, the reinforcing ribs 4c are inserted at a pitch of 4.5 m and are reinforced by the cables 4d in which prestress is introduced.

The louvers 4 are the blades 4 of the adjacent louvers 4.
By forming an elongated opening between a and rotating it around the axis by the driving device, the angle of the blade 4a can be changed, and the opening area and the intrusion direction of light, wind, etc. can be changed. This control can be performed by synchronizing the rotation speed, angle, etc. with the other louvers 4.

As shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. 4, one movable roof unit 3 includes five louvers 4 arranged in parallel.
Is set as a set, and the outside thereof is surrounded by a box frame 3a in which a shaft rotating device (not shown) as a driving device is incorporated. The box frame 3a ensures vertical rigidity and horizontal rigidity so as to reduce deformation during movement.

The movable roof unit 3 moves along the opening main beam 6 of the truss structure in which a plurality of movable roof units 3 are arranged (in the short span direction) between the fixed supporting beams 5a located on two opposite sides. After passing through the fixed support beam 5a and a traveling girder 7 for moving an opening main beam 6 which will be described later, the fixed support beam 5a is stored in the space between the steel frames of the fixed roof part 1.

FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the opening main beam 6, the traveling girder 7 and the movable roof unit 3. After the movable roof unit 3 is moved to the fixed roof 1 side, the opening main beam 6 is shown. Can be moved in parallel along the traveling girder 7 laid on the fixed support beam 5a. However, the opening main beam 6 is left in the opening 2 at the time of strong wind or the like, so that structural stability of the entire roof frame is achieved.

Next, a basic opening / closing pattern will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

(1) Fully closed In FIG. 1 (a), a fully closed state can be achieved by fixing the angle of the blades of each louver 4 upward.

(2) Rotation of the louver 4 In the state shown in FIG. 1 (a), the louver 4 is automatically rotated according to the programming, whereby direct sunlight and natural ventilation can be controlled (see FIG. 2 ( See a)).

(3) Opening of the movable roof unit 3 The opening 2 is opened by moving the movable roof unit 3 to the fixed roof portion 1 side and storing it (FIG. 1 (b), FIG. 2).
(See (b)). In this state, the opening main beam 6 remains in the opening 2. In this case, the opening main beam 6
Contributes to the structural stability of the entire roof and can withstand some strong winds.

(4) Fully open By moving the opening main beam 6 in parallel to the left and right along the fixed support beam 5a, all the obstacles on the opening 2 are eliminated and a fully opened state is obtained (Fig. 1 (c ), See FIG. 2 (c)).

Next, an example of the ventilation method according to the season, weather conditions, etc. will be described with reference to FIG.

(1) Rainy / Wind → Louver 4 Closed Fresh air flowing in from the lower opening 21 provided in the dome side wall 20 removes the dirty air above the spectator seats from the side slits 2.
Push it up to 2 and secure enough fresh air for players and spectators.

(2) Winter season → louver 4, side slit 2
2. Close all lower openings 21 to increase heat retention effect.

(3) Sunny / Wind → Rotator 4 Rotation By changing the angle of the louver 4, the ventilation to the dome is controlled even during strong winds, providing an optimal environment for competition and watching. .

The opening / closing pattern of the roof promotes the ventilation effect in the dome. For example, when there is wind in midsummer, only the louver on the leeward side is opened to promote ventilation, and the sensible temperature inside is lowered.

(4) Fine weather / no wind → open louver 4 Open the side slit 22 to effectively discharge hot air accumulated on the roof surface. Removes unpleasant radiant heat from the roof mounting surface.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a structure for rain protection on the roof surface in a closed state.
As shown in FIGS. 7 (b) and 7 (c) showing parts B and C of (a), rain flaps are used indoors by using a movable flap 8 between the adjacent louvers 4 and between the fixed roof part 1 and the louvers 4. To prevent the invasion of. Rainwater is collected on the outer periphery of the roof by utilizing the slope of the louver 4.

It should be noted that the shapes, materials, dimensions, numbers, etc. of the whole and each member, device in the above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0040]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION By covering the roof opening with the movable louver,
By adjusting the angle, direct light is blocked, natural light is maximized inside the structure, the illuminance distribution in the room is made uniform, natural ventilation is maximized, and mechanical ventilation and air conditioning are minimized. It can suppress and reduce running cost,
Furthermore, in addition to having an advantage in acoustic performance as compared with a membrane roof or the like, it is possible to improve the workability as a roof unit, simplify the control mechanism for opening and closing the louver, and facilitate maintenance.

In the invention according to claim 2 of the present application, in addition to the opening and closing of the louver, it is possible to open and close in two steps by moving the movable roof unit incorporating the louver, so that the degree of freedom of the opening and closing pattern is increased.

In the invention according to claim 3 of the present application, the opening main beam functions as a traveling path of the movable roof unit, and there is an advantage that the opening main beam enhances the stability of the entire roof structure in a strong wind. is there.

In the invention according to claim 4 of the present application, in addition to the above-mentioned opening / closing of the louver and opening / closing by moving the movable roof unit, three-step opening / closing can be performed by parallel movement of the opening main beam, The degree of freedom in opening and closing patterns is even greater, and it is possible to create an optimal environmental condition according to the season, time, weather, application, etc.

By appropriately giving the shape and angle of the wing plate, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering, and it is also possible to use a translucent plate material or film material for closing the opening if necessary.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A to 1C are plan views showing a three-stage open / closed state of a roof portion in an embodiment of a dome roof using the movable louver of the present invention.

2 (a) to 2 (c) are vertical cross-sectional views conceptually showing a three-stage open / closed state of a roof portion in the above embodiment.

3A is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a single louver at right angles to the axial direction, and FIG. 3B is a front view seen from a direction at right angles to the axial direction.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a structure of a movable roof unit and a moving direction.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a positional relationship among an opening main beam, a traveling girder, and a movable roof unit.

6 (a) to 6 (c) are schematic vertical cross-sectional views for explaining a ventilation method according to seasons and weather conditions.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the rain cover on the roof surface,
(a) is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the louver and the main beam of the opening, (b) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure for preventing rain from part B of (a), and (c) is (a). FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a structure for rain-canceling the C portion of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Fixed roof part, 2 ... Roof opening part, 3 ... Movable roof unit, 3a ... Box frame, 4 ... Louver, 4a ... Feather board, 4b ... Rotating shaft, 4c ... Reinforcing rib, 4d ... Cable, 5a, 5b ... Fixed support beam, 6 ... Opening (movable) main beam, 7 ... Traveling girder, 8 ... Movable flap, 1
0 ... Main arch, 11 ... Suspension cable, 1
2 ... Stay cable, 13 ... Hanger cable, 20 ...
Dome side wall, 21 ... Lower opening, 22 ... Side slit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Kenichi Kashihara 3-6-1 Kitahakuhocho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City Incorporated company Konoikegumi Osaka Main Store (72) Takashi Matsumoto 3-chome, Kitatakaracho, Chuo-ku, Osaka City No. 6 No. 1 Incorporated company Konoikegumi Osaka Main Store (72) Inventor John Bachelor, 14 Ichibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Within Of Alap and Partners Japan Limited (72) Inventor Kazuo Kondo Osaka City 4-4-10 Fushimi-cho, Chuo-ku, Ltd. In the East Hata Building Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shozo Kawahara 8 Niijima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A dome roof having a fixed roof portion, a roof opening portion, and a plurality of opening roof units covering the roof opening portion, wherein a plurality of louvers are installed in parallel in the opening roof unit, and A dome roof using a movable louver, which is provided with a drive device for rotating the louver about an axis. 2. The dome roof using a movable louver according to claim 1, wherein the opening roof unit is configured as a movable roof unit movable along a roof surface. 3. The roof opening is rectangular, and a plurality of opening main beams are installed between fixed support beams located on two opposite sides of the rectangular opening, and the movable roof unit is connected to the opening main beam. The dome roof using the movable louver according to claim 2, which is capable of traveling along the road. 4. The dome roof using a movable louver according to claim 3, wherein both ends of the opening main beam can be moved in parallel along the fixed supporting beams located on the two opposite sides. 5. The louver comprises a rotary shaft that is rotated by the drive device, and a translucent wing plate provided on one side of the rotary shaft and having a concave outer surface.
The dome roof using a movable louver according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a reinforcing rib arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft and the blade.