JP3698757B2 - Large building facility - Google Patents

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JP3698757B2
JP3698757B2 JP16102295A JP16102295A JP3698757B2 JP 3698757 B2 JP3698757 B2 JP 3698757B2 JP 16102295 A JP16102295 A JP 16102295A JP 16102295 A JP16102295 A JP 16102295A JP 3698757 B2 JP3698757 B2 JP 3698757B2
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JPH0913718A (en
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正和 西村
泰成 森川
浩史 小野
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Taisei Corp
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Taisei Corp
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Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、大屋根を備えた大型建築施設に関し、特に、大屋根の屋根勾配を積極的に利用して冬期及び夏期における卓越風を制御する大型建築施設に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の大型建築施設として、競技場等として使用されるアリーナを内部に設け、屋根勾配を零とした陸屋根形式の大型屋根を配設した大型構造体を構築するとともに、この大型構造体の周囲に公園等の緑地を設けた施設が知られている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、この大型建築施設に向けて冬期に北風が吹き付けると、陸屋根形式の大型屋根に沿って流れる北風によってビル風が発生する場合がある。このビル風が公園に向けて吹くと、公園内で過ごしている人々に対して寒冷感を与えてしまうとともに、大型建築施設の周辺の住宅地等に対しても強風等が発生するおそれがあるので、施設周辺に与える環境の面で問題がある。
【0004】
また、前記大型建築施設に向けて夏期に南風が吹いても、構造物内部に南風を有効に取り入れる構造とはなされておらず、構造物内部を快適な温度とするための空調設備等が必要とされ、省エネルギーの面で問題がある。
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、大屋根の屋根勾配を利用して冬期及び夏期の卓越風の風向きを制御することにより大型構造体の内部若しくはその周辺環境を向上させることが可能な大型建築施設を提供することを目的としている。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明の請求項1記載の大型建築施設は、周辺地域に対して風の影響を与えやすい高層の大型構造体と屋外施設とを設けた大型建築施設において、前記大型構造体の屋根を、前記冬季の卓越風の風向きに上り勾配の片流れ形式の傾斜屋根とし、冬季の卓越風を受ける前記大型建築物の壁面を、前記冬季の卓越風に向かう方向に凸曲面形状とし、前記屋外施設を、前記冬季の卓越風を受ける前記大型構造体の凸曲面形状とした壁面の風下であって前記壁面と前記傾斜屋根により形成される低風速領域に位置する建設地に設けた。ここで、大型構造体とは、例えば内部空間が野球、サッカー等の競技場や劇場又は大型イベント会場等として使用可能であり、いわゆるビル風が発生して周辺地域に対して風の影響を与えやすい高層の構造体をいう。
【0006】
また、請求項2記載の発明は、請求項1記載の大型建築施設において、前記傾斜屋根を、上り勾配が可変となる可動屋根構造とした。
また、請求項3記載の発明は、請求項1又は2記載の大型建築施設において、前記傾斜屋根の上り勾配を、3°〜9°の範囲の角度に設定した。
さらに、請求項4記載の発明は、請求項1乃至3の何れかに記載の大型建築施設において、前記凸曲面形状の壁面に連続して、前記冬季の卓越風の風向きに対して張り出した壁面を設けた。
【0007】
さらにまた、請求項5記載の発明は、請求項1乃至4の何れかに記載の大型建築施設において、前記大型構造体に、夏期の卓越風が発生する方向に開口して卓越風を該大型構造体の内部に自然流として取り入れて通過するように通気口を設けた。
【0008】
【作用】
大型建築施設の建設地には、所定の期間内において一定の方向に最も多く流れる卓越風が観測される。一般に、冬期の卓越風としては北風が発生し、夏期の卓越風としては南風が発生する。
そして、請求項1記載の発明によれば、上り勾配を付けた片流れ形式の傾斜屋根に沿って流れる冬期の卓越風は、傾斜屋根の最頂部からさらに上向きの風向きとなりながら大型構造体から離れた風下側の建設地に向けて流れていく。これにより、傾斜屋根の最頂部側の建設地に設けた屋外施設は、冬期の卓越風が吹き込まず渦流や逆風も抑えられて低風速領域となる。したがって、屋外施設において風を感じることがないので、寒冷感のない快適な屋外環境が得られる。また、冬季の卓越風を受ける前記大型建築物の壁面を、前記冬季の卓越風に向かう方向に凸曲面形状としたことで、この凸曲面形状の壁面に沿って流れる冬季の卓越風が大型構造体から離間する方向に風向きを変更していくので、屋外施設を含んだ低風速領域が平面的に拡大していく。また、大型構造体の周囲には乱流の風などが発生しないので、大型建築施設の周辺地域に対して強風などの影響を与えない。
【0009】
また、請求項2記載の発明によれば、傾斜屋根の上り勾配を増大させることにより、冬期の卓越風は、傾斜大屋根の最頂部からさらに上向きの風向きとなって大型構造体から十分に離間した風下側の建設地に向けて流れていく。これにより、さらに低風速領域が拡大する。
また、請求項3記載の発明によれば、傾斜屋根の上り勾配を、3°〜9°の範囲の角度に設定すると、冬期の卓越風に対して屋外の低風速領域を大幅に拡大することが可能となる。また、上り勾配が3°を下回ると、低風速領域が狭くなり屋外施設の風速も高まるので好ましくない。また逆に、上り勾配が9°を上回ると、風圧に耐える屋根強度とするために構築コストが嵩むので好ましくない。
【0010】
また、請求項4記載の発明によれば、冬季の卓越風に向かう方向に凸曲面形状として設けた大型建築物の壁面に連続して、冬季の卓越風の風向きに対して張り出した壁面を設けたことから、冬季の卓越風は張り出した壁面に遮られて屋外広場に吹き込まないので、さらに屋外広場の低風速領域を拡大することができる。
【0011】
さらに、請求項5記載の発明によれば、夏期において発生する卓越風を大型構造体の内部に取り入れて通過させる通気口を設けたので、大型構造体内部に涼風が自然に通り向けて涼感を得ることができる。これにより、快適な屋内環境が得られるとともに、省エネルギー化が図られるとともに、周辺地域の風の流れを阻害せず、快適な屋外環境も保全される。
【0012】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の大型建築施設の一実施例について、図1から図8を参照して説明する。
先ず、大型建築施設の建設地に流れる卓越風を、図1の1点鎖線及び2点鎖線の直線で示す。卓越風は、所定の期間内において最も多く観測される風であり、本実施例では、冬期における卓越風を、1点鎖線の直線で示すように北側から建設地に向けて流れ込む風として示し、夏期における卓越風を、2点鎖線の直線で示すように南側から建設地に向けて流れ込む風として示す。以下、冬期における卓越風を北風と称し、夏期における卓越風を南風と称する。
【0013】
そして、この建設地に構築された大型建築施設は、北風が流れる方向に対して上り勾配を付けた大屋根3を有する大型構造体2と、北風の発生に対して大型構造体2の風下側に屋外広場(屋外施設)4が設けられているとともに、大型構造体2には、南風のみを内部に通気可能とする複数の出入り口(通気口)5が設けられている。
【0014】
すなわち、大型構造体2は、図1に示すように、建設地域の北側に構築された第1構造体6と、第1構造体6より南側に構築された第2構造体7と、第1構造体6及び第2構造体7の間に設けた地上空間の北側寄りに構築された内側構造体8と、内側構造体8と隣接する地上空間に設けられた屋内広場9とで概略構成されている。
【0015】
前記第1構造体6は平面視略U字形状の構造物として構築され、北側を向く壁面6aは凸曲面状に形成されている。また、前記壁面6aから連続する西側の壁面6bは、南側に向かうに従い西側に大きく張り出した壁面形状となっている。
そして、この西側の壁面6bに対する南側の地面に所定面積の屋外広場4が設けられている。
【0016】
また、第2構造体7は、平面視において南側に膨らむ三日月形状の構造物として構築され、その両端の縁部は、第1構造体6の南側に延在する両縁部と近接している。そして、この第2構造体7には、屋内広場9と連通して南北方向に延在する複数の出入り口(通気口)5が形成されている。
さらに、内部構造体8は、平面視円形状をなし、且つ南北方向に略半割り形状とされた分割構造体8a、8bにより構築され、その中央位置に各種競技やコンサート会場として使用される多目的アリーナ8cが設けられているとともに、分割構造体8a、8bの内壁側に多目的アリーナ8cを望む多数のスタンド8dが設置されている。なお、南側に配設された一方の分割構造体8bは、多目的アリーナ8cの面積を拡大可能とするために、屋内広場9側に移動可能とされている。
【0017】
一方、大型構造体2の上部には、図2及び図3に示すように、固定屋根3aと傾斜大屋根3bとを連続的に配設した片流れ形式の大屋根3が設けられている。
なお、傾斜大屋根3bの下方には、分割構造体8bの上部に支持されて内部構造体8の開口部の略半分の領域を覆う内部屋根10が配設されている。
固定屋根3aは、トラス構造等により平面視半円形状に形成された軽量構造体であり、内部構造体8の上部開口部の略半分の領域を覆いながら第1構造体6の上部に支持されている。そして、この固定屋根3aの屋根面3a1 は北側から南側に向かうに従い僅かに上り勾配が付けられている。
【0018】
また、傾斜大屋根3bは、トラス構造等により平面視略矩形状に形成された軽量構造体であり、長手方向の一端側3b1 及び他端側3b2 側には、複数の吹抜け開口部3b3 が形成されている。そして、この傾斜大屋根3bは、長手方向の一端側3b1 が固定屋根3aの南側端部の一部に重なり、且つ北側を向いて僅かに開口する第1開口部13を設けて配設されているとともに、その他端側3b2 は、第2構造体7の上部に設置された支柱11に支持されている。
【0019】
これにより、傾斜大屋根3bは、固定屋根3aに覆われていない内部構造体8の残りの上部開口部と、屋内広場9の略全体とを覆いながら、その屋根面3b5 が北側から南側に向かうに従い所定の上り勾配θとなるように配設される。また、第2構造体7の上部と、傾斜大屋根3bの最頂部とされた他端部3b2 との間には、南側を向く第2開口部(通気口)12が設けられる。
【0020】
ここで、前述した支柱11は図示しない駆動装置により自身の長さを伸縮自在とする機構を備えているとともに、傾斜大屋根3bの一端側3b1 は、固定屋根3aの上部にヒンジ連結部(図示せず)を介して連結されている。これにより、支柱11が所定の長さだけ伸縮動作を行うと、一端側3b1 がヒンジ中心軸回りに回動しながら他端側3b2 が所定の高さまで上昇若しくは下降する。これにより、傾斜大屋根3bは、上り勾配θが可変となる可動屋根構造とされている。
【0021】
次に、上記構成とされた大型建築施設1に向けて北風が発生する場合について、図4及び図5を参照して説明する。
図4に示すように、北風が上り勾配θを付けた傾斜大屋根3bの屋根面3b5 上を通過することによって、大型構造体2より南側の地域P1 における北風の風向きは上向きとなる。そして、大型構造体2から十分に離間した地域P2 において地上に到達する。
【0022】
これにより、傾斜大屋根3bの最頂部(他端部3b2 )より下方の地域に設けた屋外広場4には、北風が吹き込まず渦流や逆風も抑えられ、屋外広場4は低風速領域となる。したがって、屋外広場4で過ごす人々が北風に晒されず寒冷感を全く感じることがない、快適な環境を提供することができる。
また、支柱11が所定の長さだけ伸長動作を行うと、傾斜大屋根3bの上り勾配θが増大し、大屋根3に沿って移動した北風の上下方向の風向きがさらに上向きの風向きとなる。これにより、風速が高い地上領域が大型構造体2からさらに離間するので、屋外広場4を含んだ低風速領域をさらに拡大することができる。
【0023】
さらに、第1構造体6の壁面に向けて北風が吹き付ける場合には、図5示すように、凸曲面状に形成された北側を向く壁面6aに沿って北風が後流側に自然に流れていき、乱流の風などが抑えられている。これにより、大型建築施設1の周辺地域に対して風の影響を与えることがない。
さらにまた、第1構造体6の西側の壁面6bは、図5に示すように、南側に向かうに従い西側に大きく張り出した壁面形状とされており、この西側の壁面6bより南側位置に屋外広場4が設けられているので、北風は西側の壁面6bに遮られて屋外広場4に吹き込まない。これにより、さらに、屋外広場4の低風速領域を拡大することができる。
【0024】
また、大型建築施設1に向けて南風が発生する場合について、図6及び図7を参照して説明する。
第2構造体7に向けて南風が吹き付けると、図6に示すように、複数の出入り口5を通過した低風速の南風が屋内広場9に流れ込んでくる。また、南風は、南側を向いている第2開口部12を通過して屋内広場9の上部にも流れ込んでくる。そして、屋内広場9の上部には吹き抜け開口部3b3 及び第1開口部13から外部に流れる風の流れが常に発生するので、この風の流れの影響により屋内広場9の底部の空気が上方に移動していく。
【0025】
これにより、屋内広場9は、常に自然換気が行われ居住域に常に風の流れがあるため、屋内広場9で過ごす人々に涼感を与え、快適な温熱環境(暖かさ、涼しさ、暑さ、寒さ等の温度に関する環境)を提供することができる。
また、屋内広場9は、図7に示すように、傾斜大屋根3bに略覆われた状態とされているので、日差しの強い日における日射をも遮蔽することができる。
【0026】
なお、本実施例では、北風及び南風が発生する建設地に対して大型建築施設1を構築したが、本発明の要旨はこれに限るものではなく、例えば冬期の卓越風が北西風として発生する場合には、大型構造体2及び大屋根3の配置を北西側から南東側に延在するように構築することにより、上述したものと同様の作用効果を得ることができる。
【0027】
また、夏期の卓越風が南東風として発生する場合には、第2構造体7の出入り口5を南東方向に延在するように形成し、また、第2構造体7の上部と傾斜大屋根3bの最頂部とされた他端部3b2 との間に設けた開口部12も南東方向に向けることにより、上述したものと同様の作用効果を得ることができる。
また、本実施例で示した傾斜大屋根3bは、図示した形状に限るのもではなく、冬期の卓越風の風向きに沿って上り勾配が付けられているものであれば、同様の作用効果を得ることができる。また、大型構造体2に対して南側に設けた屋外広場9も図示した地上位置に限るものではない。
【0028】
さらに、夏期の卓越風を屋内広場9に取り入れる手段として、本実施例では複数の出入り口5を設けたが、これに限るものではなく、例えば第2構造体7の上部位置に、夏期の卓越風のみを専用に取り入れる風取り込み口を設けても同様の作用効果を得ることができる。
次に、北風が発生する場合において、傾斜大屋根3bの上り勾配θの変化に対する風下側の風速の変化について数値シミュレーションを行ったところ、図8の結果が得られた。なお、図8のデータにおける距離Lは、図4に示すように、大型構造体2から風下側へ離間した距離を示す。また、基準風速は、風上側の地上6. 5m の高さにおける風速を1. 1m/s として設定している。また、このデータの風速Vは、地上付近の風速を計測しているとともに、その風速Vは、渦流や逆風が発生してもその風向きに関係なく絶対値で示している。さらに、大屋根3の南北方向の長さYは、250m に設定し、大型構造体2の高さHは、58m に設定している。
【0029】
図8の結果から、傾斜大屋根3bの上り勾配θを3°以上とすると、距離Lが300m 〜500m の範囲である領域を、地上付近の風速が1m/s以下となる低風速領域とすることができる。
ところが、上り勾配θが3°より下回ると、上り勾配θが零のデータで明らかなように、地上付近の風速が1m/s以下となる距離Lが狭くなる。そのため、傾斜大屋根3bの上り勾配θは、3°以上が好適である。しかし、上り勾配θを大幅に増大して高さの高い屋根構造とすると、風圧に耐える屋根強度とするために費される構築コストの面や、周囲の環境に与える景観上の面で問題がある。
【0030】
したがって、傾斜大屋根3bの上り勾配θを3°〜9°の範囲内で設定すると、北風に対して屋外広場4を含む低風速領域を大幅に拡大することができる。
【0031】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、請求項1記載の発明は、上り勾配を付けた片流れ形式の傾斜屋根に沿って流れる冬期の卓越風は、傾斜屋根の最頂部からさらに上向きの風向きとなりながら大型構造体から離れた風下側の建設地に向けて流れていくので、傾斜屋根の最頂部側の建設地に設けた屋外施設は、冬期の卓越風が吹き込まず渦流や逆風も抑えられて低風速領域となる。したがって、屋外施設において風を感じることがなく、寒冷感のない快適な屋外環境を得ることができる。また、冬季の卓越風を受ける前記大型建築物の壁面を、前記冬季の卓越風に向かう方向に凸曲面形状としたことで、この凸曲面形状の壁面に沿って流れる冬季の卓越風が大型構造体から離間する方向に風向きを変更していくので、屋外施設を含んだ低風速領域が平面的に拡大していく。また、大型構造体の周囲には乱流の風などが発生しないので、大型建築施設の周辺地域に対して強風などの影響を与えない。
【0032】
また、請求項2記載の発明は、傾斜屋根の上り勾配を増大させることにより、冬期の卓越風は、傾斜大屋根の最頂部からさらに上向きの風向きとなって大型構造体から十分に離間した風下側の建設地に向けて流れていくので低風速領域が拡大し、さらに快適な屋外環境を得ることができる。
また、請求項3記載の発明は、傾斜屋根の上り勾配を、3°〜9°の範囲の角度に設定すると、冬期の卓越風に対して屋外の低風速領域を大幅に拡大することができる。
【0033】
また、請求項4記載の発明は、冬季の卓越風に向かう方向に凸曲面形状として設けた大型建築物の壁面に連続して、冬季の卓越風の風向きに対して張り出した壁面を設けたことから、冬季の卓越風は張り出した壁面に遮られて屋外広場に吹き込まないので、さらに屋外広場の低風速領域を拡大することができる。
【0034】
さらに、請求項5記載の発明は、夏期において発生する卓越風を大型構造体の内部に自然流として取り入れて通過するように通気口を設けたので、大型構造体内部に涼風が入り込み涼感を得ることができる。したがって、快適な屋内環境を得ることができ、省エネルギー化を図ることができるとともに、周辺地域の風の流れを阻害しないので、涼感につながる快適な屋外環境を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る大型構造体及び屋外施設を示す平面図である。
【図2】本発明に係る片流れ形式の傾斜大屋根、大型構造体及び屋外施設を示す側断面図である。
【図3】片流れ形式の傾斜大屋根を示す平面図である。
【図4】冬期の卓越風が傾斜大屋根に沿って流れる状態を示した側断面図である。
【図5】冬期の卓越風が傾斜大屋根に沿って流れる状態を示した平面図である。
【図6】夏期の卓越風が通気口から大型構造体の内部に流れ込む状態を示した側断面図である。
【図7】夏期の卓越風が通気口から大型構造体の内部に流れ込む状態を示した平面図である。
【図8】傾斜大屋根の上り勾配の変化に対する低風速領域の変化についての数値シミュレーションの結果を示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
1 大型建築施設
2 大型構造体
3 大屋根
3a 固定屋根
3b 傾斜大屋根
3b2 傾斜大屋根の他端部(傾斜大屋根の最頂部)
4 屋外広場(屋外施設)
5 出入り口(通気口)
6 第1構造体
6a、6b 大型構造体の壁面
7 第2構造体
9 屋内広場(大型構造体の内部)
10 内部屋根
11 支柱
12 第2開口部(通気口)
13 第1開口部(通気口)
θ 上り勾配
[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a large-scale building facility having a large roof, and more particularly to a large-scale building facility that actively uses a roof gradient of the large roof to control prevailing winds in winter and summer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional large-scale building facility, an arena used as a stadium, etc. is provided inside, and a large structure with a large roof in the form of a flat roof with zero roof slope is constructed, and around this large structure. Facilities with green spaces such as parks are known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the north wind blows toward the large building facility in the winter, a building wind may be generated by the north wind flowing along the large roof of the flat roof type. If this building wind blows toward the park, it will give a cold feeling to people living in the park, and strong winds may also occur in residential areas around large buildings. Therefore, there is a problem in terms of the environment given around the facility.
[0004]
Also, even if a south wind blows toward the large-scale building facility in the summer, it is not structured to effectively incorporate the south wind into the structure, and air conditioning equipment etc. to make the structure a comfortable temperature, etc. Is required, and there is a problem in terms of energy saving.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and improves the internal environment of the large structure or its surrounding environment by controlling the wind direction of the prevailing wind in winter and summer using the roof gradient of the large roof. It aims to provide a large-scale building facility that can be used.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a large-scale building facility according to claim 1 of the present invention is a large-scale building facility provided with a high-rise large-sized structure and an outdoor facility that are easily affected by wind in the surrounding area. The roof of the large structure is a one-flow type inclined roof with an upward slope in the direction of the prevailing wind in the winter, and the wall of the large building that receives the prevailing wind in the winter is convex in the direction toward the prevailing wind in the winter In a construction site located in a low wind speed region formed by the wall surface and the inclined roof, which is a leeward surface of the large-sized structure that receives the prevailing wind in the winter and has a convex curved surface shape. Provided. Here, the large structure is, for example, an internal space that can be used as a stadium such as baseball or soccer, a theater or a large event venue, and a so-called building wind is generated to affect the surrounding area with the wind. A high-rise structure that is easy.
[0006]
The invention according to claim 2 is the large-scale building facility according to claim 1, wherein the inclined roof has a movable roof structure in which the upward gradient is variable.
The invention according to claim 3 is the large-scale building facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upward slope of the inclined roof is set to an angle in a range of 3 ° to 9 °.
Furthermore, the invention according to claim 4 is the large-scale building facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall surface protrudes continuously from the convex curved wall surface with respect to the wind direction of the prevailing wind in the winter season. Was provided.
[0007]
Furthermore, the invention according to claim 5 is the large building facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the large structure is opened in a direction in which a prevailing wind is generated in the summer, and the prevailing wind is made into the large structure. A ventilation hole was provided so as to pass through the structure as a natural flow.
[0008]
[Action]
The prevailing wind that flows most in a certain direction within a predetermined period is observed at the construction site of a large building facility. In general, the north wind is generated as the prevailing wind in winter, and the south wind is generated as the prevailing wind in summer.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the prevailing wind in the winter that flows along the one-flow type inclined roof with an upward slope is separated from the large-sized structure while being further directed upward from the top of the inclined roof . It flows toward the construction site on the leeward side. As a result, the outdoor facility provided in the construction site on the topmost side of the inclined roof becomes a low wind speed region in which the prevailing wind in the winter season is not blown and vortex and backwind are suppressed. Therefore, since a wind is not felt in an outdoor facility, a comfortable outdoor environment without a cold feeling can be obtained. In addition, the wall of the large building that receives the prevailing wind in the winter has a convex curved shape in the direction toward the prevailing wind in the winter, so that the winter prevailing wind that flows along the wall of the convex curved shape has a large structure Since the wind direction is changed in a direction away from the body, the low wind speed region including the outdoor facilities expands in a plane. In addition, since turbulent wind does not occur around the large structure, it does not affect the surrounding area of the large building facility.
[0009]
According to the second aspect of the invention, by increasing the ascending slope of the sloped roof , the prevailing wind in the winter becomes a further upward wind direction from the top of the sloped large roof and is sufficiently separated from the large structure. It flows toward the construction site on the leeward side. This further expands the low wind speed region.
According to the invention described in claim 3, when the ascending slope of the inclined roof is set to an angle in the range of 3 ° to 9 °, the outdoor low wind speed region is greatly expanded with respect to the prevailing wind in winter. Is possible. Moreover, when the ascending slope is less than 3 °, the low wind speed region is narrowed and the wind speed of the outdoor facility is increased, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the upward gradient exceeds 9 °, the construction cost increases in order to obtain a roof strength that can withstand the wind pressure, which is not preferable.
[0010]
According to the invention described in claim 4 , the wall surface of the large building provided as a convex curved surface in the direction toward the prevailing wind in the winter is provided so as to protrude from the wind direction of the prevailing wind in the winter. Therefore, the prevailing wind in winter is blocked by the overhanging wall and is not blown into the outdoor plaza, so that the low wind speed region of the outdoor plaza can be further expanded.
[0011]
Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 5, since the ventilating passage through which the prevailing wind generated in the summer is taken into the large structure is provided, the cool wind naturally passes through the large structure so as to provide a cool feeling. Obtainable. As a result, a comfortable indoor environment can be obtained, energy saving can be achieved, and a comfortable outdoor environment can be maintained without impeding the flow of wind in the surrounding area.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a large-scale building facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the prevailing wind that flows in the construction site of a large-scale building facility is indicated by a one-dot chain line and a two-dot chain line in FIG. The prevailing wind is the wind that is observed most frequently within a predetermined period, and in this example, the prevailing wind in the winter is shown as a wind that flows from the north side toward the construction site as shown by a one-dot chain line, The prevailing wind in summer is shown as the wind that flows from the south to the construction site as shown by the two-dot chain line. Hereinafter, the prevailing wind in the winter is referred to as the north wind, and the prevailing wind in the summer is referred to as the south wind.
[0013]
The large building facility constructed in this construction site includes a large structure 2 having a large roof 3 with an upward slope with respect to the direction in which the north wind flows, and a leeward side of the large structure 2 with respect to the occurrence of the north wind. In addition, an outdoor open space (outdoor facility) 4 is provided, and the large-sized structure 2 is provided with a plurality of entrances (vents) 5 that allow only south wind to vent.
[0014]
That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the large structure 2 includes a first structure 6 constructed on the north side of the construction area, a second structure 7 constructed on the south side of the first structure 6, and the first structure 6. An inner structure 8 constructed between the structure 6 and the second structure 7 on the north side of the ground space, and an indoor plaza 9 provided in the ground space adjacent to the inner structure 8 are roughly configured. ing.
[0015]
The first structure 6 is constructed as a substantially U-shaped structure in plan view, and the wall surface 6a facing the north side is formed in a convex curved shape. Further, the west wall 6b continuous from the wall 6a has a wall shape that protrudes westward toward the south.
And the outdoor plaza 4 of a predetermined area is provided in the south ground with respect to this west wall 6b.
[0016]
The second structure 7 is constructed as a crescent-shaped structure that swells to the south in a plan view, and the edges at both ends are close to the edges that extend to the south of the first structure 6. . The second structure 7 is formed with a plurality of entrances (vents) 5 that communicate with the indoor plaza 9 and extend in the north-south direction.
Further, the internal structure 8 is constructed by divided structures 8a and 8b having a circular shape in plan view and substantially half-divided in the north-south direction, and is used for various purposes such as various competitions and concert venues at the central position. An arena 8c is provided, and a large number of stands 8d are provided on the inner wall side of the divided structures 8a and 8b so that the multipurpose arena 8c is desired. Note that one of the divided structures 8b disposed on the south side is movable to the indoor plaza 9 side so that the area of the multipurpose arena 8c can be expanded.
[0017]
On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a single-flow large roof 3 in which a fixed roof 3 a and an inclined large roof 3 b are continuously arranged is provided on the upper portion of the large structure 2.
In addition, below the inclined large roof 3b, the internal roof 10 supported by the upper part of the division | segmentation structure 8b and covering the area | region of the substantially half of the opening part of the internal structure 8 is arrange | positioned.
The fixed roof 3a is a lightweight structure formed in a semicircular shape in plan view by a truss structure or the like, and is supported on the upper portion of the first structure 6 while covering a substantially half region of the upper opening of the internal structure 8. ing. The roof surface 3a 1 of the fixed roof 3a is slightly inclined upward from the north side toward the south side.
[0018]
The inclination large roof 3b is lightweight structure formed in a generally rectangular shape in plan view by truss structure or the like, to one end 3b 1 and the other end 3b 2 side in the longitudinal direction, a plurality of blow openings 3b 3 is formed. Then, the inclined large roof 3b is one longitudinal end 3b 1 overlaps the portion of the south end of the fixed roof 3a, is arranged to provide a first opening 13 for slightly opening and facing north In addition, the other end side 3b 2 is supported by a support column 11 installed on the upper portion of the second structure 7.
[0019]
As a result, the inclined large roof 3b covers the remaining upper opening of the internal structure 8 that is not covered by the fixed roof 3a and substantially the entire indoor plaza 9, while the roof surface 3b 5 extends from the north side to the south side. It arrange | positions so that it may become predetermined | prescribed upward gradient (theta) as it goes. Further, the upper portion of the second structure 7, between the other end portion 3b 2, which is the highest portion of the inclined large roof 3b, the second openings facing the south (vent) 12 is provided.
[0020]
Here, the above-mentioned support column 11 is provided with a mechanism capable of extending and contracting its length by a driving device (not shown), and one end side 3b 1 of the inclined large roof 3b is connected to a hinge connecting portion ( (Not shown). As a result, when the support column 11 expands and contracts by a predetermined length, the other end side 3b 2 rises or falls to a predetermined height while the one end side 3b 1 rotates around the hinge central axis. Thus, the inclined large roof 3b has a movable roof structure in which the upward gradient θ is variable.
[0021]
Next, a case where a north wind is generated toward the large building facility 1 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
As shown in FIG. 4, the north wind passes upward on the roof surface 3 b 5 of the inclined large roof 3 b with an upward gradient θ, so that the north wind is directed upward in the region P 1 on the south side of the large structure 2. Then, it reaches the ground in a region P 2 sufficiently separated from the large structure 2.
[0022]
As a result, the north square is not blown into the outdoor plaza 4 provided in the area below the topmost part (the other end 3b 2 ) of the inclined large roof 3b, and the vortex and the back wind are suppressed, and the outdoor plaza 4 becomes a low wind speed region. . Therefore, it is possible to provide a comfortable environment in which people spending in the outdoor plaza 4 are not exposed to the north wind and do not feel a cold feeling at all.
Moreover, when the support | pillar 11 expand | extends only predetermined length, the uphill gradient (theta) of the inclination large roof 3b will increase, and the wind direction of the up-down direction of the north wind which moved along the large roof 3 will turn into a further upward wind direction. Thereby, since the ground area where the wind speed is high is further separated from the large structure 2, the low wind speed area including the outdoor plaza 4 can be further expanded.
[0023]
Furthermore, when the north wind blows toward the wall surface of the first structure 6, as shown in FIG. 5, the north wind naturally flows to the wake side along the wall surface 6a facing the north side formed in a convex curved surface shape. The wind of turbulence is suppressed. Thereby, there is no wind influence on the surrounding area of the large-scale building facility 1.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the west wall surface 6 b of the first structure 6 has a wall surface shape projecting greatly toward the west side toward the south side. The outdoor plaza 4 is located on the south side of the west wall surface 6 b. Since the north wind is blocked by the west wall 6b, it is not blown into the outdoor plaza 4. Thereby, the low wind speed area | region of the outdoor open space 4 can be expanded further.
[0024]
Moreover, the case where a south wind generate | occur | produces toward the large-sized building facility 1 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.6 and FIG.7.
When the south wind blows toward the second structure 7, the low wind speed south wind that has passed through the plurality of entrances 5 flows into the indoor plaza 9 as shown in FIG. 6. The south wind also flows into the upper part of the indoor plaza 9 through the second opening 12 facing the south side. And since the flow of the wind which flows outside from the blow-off opening 3b 3 and the first opening 13 is always generated in the upper part of the indoor plaza 9, the air at the bottom of the indoor plaza 9 is upward due to the influence of this wind flow. Move.
[0025]
As a result, the indoor plaza 9 is always naturally ventilated and there is always a flow of wind in the living area, so it gives a cool feeling to people spending in the indoor plaza 9 and a comfortable thermal environment (warmth, coolness, heat, Environment related to temperature such as cold).
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the indoor plaza 9 is substantially covered with the inclined large roof 3b, so that it is possible to shield solar radiation on a day with strong sunlight.
[0026]
In this embodiment, the large-scale building facility 1 is constructed for the construction site where the north wind and the south wind are generated. However, the gist of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a prevailing wind in the winter season is generated as the northwest wind. In this case, the same effect as described above can be obtained by constructing the large structure 2 and the large roof 3 so as to extend from the northwest side to the southeast side.
[0027]
Further, when the prevailing wind in summer occurs as southeast wind, the entrance / exit 5 of the second structure 7 is formed to extend in the southeast direction, and the upper part of the second structure 7 and the inclined large roof 3b. By opening the opening 12 provided between the other end 3b 2 which is the topmost portion in the direction of southeast, the same effects as those described above can be obtained.
In addition, the inclined large roof 3b shown in the present embodiment is not limited to the shape shown in the figure, and has the same effect as long as it has an upward slope along the wind direction of the prevailing wind in winter. Obtainable. Further, the outdoor plaza 9 provided on the south side with respect to the large structure 2 is not limited to the illustrated ground position.
[0028]
Further, in the present embodiment, a plurality of entrances 5 are provided as means for taking summer prevailing wind into the indoor plaza 9. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the summer prevailing wind is provided at the upper position of the second structure 7. The same effect can be obtained even if a wind intake port for taking in only the air is provided.
Next, when a north wind is generated, a numerical simulation was performed on a change in wind speed on the leeward side with respect to a change in the upward gradient θ of the inclined large roof 3b, and the result of FIG. 8 was obtained. In addition, the distance L in the data of FIG. 8 shows the distance spaced apart from the large sized structure 2 to the leeward side, as shown in FIG. The reference wind speed is set at 1.1 m / s at a height of 6.5 m above the ground on the windward side. Further, the wind speed V of this data measures the wind speed near the ground, and the wind speed V is expressed as an absolute value regardless of the direction of the wind even if a vortex or a reverse wind is generated. Furthermore, the length Y in the north-south direction of the large roof 3 is set to 250 m, and the height H of the large structure 2 is set to 58 m.
[0029]
From the result of FIG. 8, when the upward slope θ of the inclined large roof 3b is 3 ° or more, the region where the distance L is in the range of 300 m to 500 m is defined as a low wind speed region where the wind speed near the ground is 1 m / s or less. be able to.
However, when the upward gradient θ is less than 3 °, the distance L at which the wind speed near the ground is 1 m / s or less becomes narrow, as is apparent from the data with the upward gradient θ being zero. Therefore, the upward gradient θ of the inclined large roof 3b is preferably 3 ° or more. However, if the upslope θ is greatly increased and the roof structure is high, there are problems in terms of construction costs and the landscape given to the surrounding environment to achieve roof strength that can withstand wind pressure. is there.
[0030]
Therefore, when the upward gradient θ of the inclined large roof 3b is set within a range of 3 ° to 9 °, the low wind speed region including the outdoor plaza 4 can be greatly expanded with respect to the north wind.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the prevailing wind in the winter season flowing along the one-sided inclined roof with an upward slope is from the large structure while the upward wind direction is further upward from the top of the inclined roof. Since the air flows toward the construction site on the leeward side, the outdoor facilities provided on the construction site on the topmost side of the sloped roof are in the low wind speed region because the prevailing wind in the winter season is not blown in and vortex and backwind are suppressed. . Therefore, it is possible to obtain a comfortable outdoor environment that does not feel the wind in the outdoor facility and does not feel cold. In addition, the wall of the large building that receives the prevailing wind in the winter has a convex curved shape in the direction toward the prevailing wind in the winter, so that the winter prevailing wind that flows along the wall of the convex curved shape has a large structure Since the wind direction is changed in a direction away from the body, the low wind speed region including the outdoor facilities expands in a plane. In addition, since turbulent wind does not occur around the large structure, it does not affect the surrounding area of the large building facility.
[0032]
In the invention according to claim 2, by increasing the ascending slope of the inclined roof , the prevailing wind in winter becomes a windward upward from the top of the inclined large roof, and the leeward is sufficiently separated from the large structure. Since it flows toward the construction site on the side, the low wind speed region is expanded and a more comfortable outdoor environment can be obtained.
Further, the invention according to claim 3 can greatly expand the outdoor low wind speed region with respect to the prevailing wind in winter when the upward slope of the inclined roof is set to an angle in the range of 3 ° to 9 °. .
[0033]
In addition, the invention according to claim 4 is provided with a wall surface that protrudes from the wind direction of the prevailing wind in the winter, continuously from the wall surface of the large building provided as a convex curved shape in the direction toward the prevailing wind in the winter season. Therefore, the prevailing wind in winter is blocked by the overhanging wall and is not blown into the outdoor plaza, so it is possible to further expand the low wind speed area of the outdoor plaza.
[0034]
Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 5, since the vent is provided so that the prevailing wind generated in the summer is taken in as a natural flow into the large structure, the cool wind enters the large structure to obtain a cool feeling. be able to. Therefore, a comfortable indoor environment can be obtained, energy saving can be achieved, and since the wind flow in the surrounding area is not hindered, a comfortable outdoor environment that leads to a cool feeling can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a large structure and an outdoor facility according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a single-flow type inclined large roof, a large structure, and an outdoor facility according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a single-flow type inclined large roof.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a prevailing wind in winter flows along an inclined large roof.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state in which a prevailing wind in winter flows along an inclined large roof.
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a prevailing wind in the summer flows into the large structure from the vent.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a state in which the prevailing wind in the summer flows into the large structure from the vent.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the result of a numerical simulation of a change in a low wind speed region with respect to a change in an ascending slope of an inclined large roof.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Large building facility 2 Large structure 3 Large roof 3a Fixed roof 3b Inclined large roof 3b 2 The other end of the inclined large roof (the top of the inclined large roof)
4 outdoor open space (outdoor facilities)
5 Doorway (vent)
6 First Structure 6a, 6b Wall 7 of Large Structure 7 Second Structure 9 Indoor Square (Inside Large Structure)
10 Internal roof 11 Post 12 Second opening (vent)
13 First opening (vent)
θ Ascending slope

Claims (5)

周辺地域に対して風の影響を与えやすい高層の大型構造体と屋外施設とを設けた大型建築施設において、
前記大型構造体の屋根を、前記冬季の卓越風の風向きに上り勾配の片流れ形式の傾斜屋根とし、冬季の卓越風を受ける前記大型建築物の壁面を、前記冬季の卓越風に向かう方向に凸曲面形状とし、前記屋外施設を、前記冬季の卓越風を受ける前記大型構造体の凸曲面形状とした壁面の風下であって前記壁面と前記傾斜屋根により形成される低風速領域に位置する建設地に設けたことを特徴とする大型建築施設。
In large-scale building facilities with high-rise large structures and outdoor facilities that are easily affected by the wind in the surrounding area,
The roof of the large structure is a single-flow type inclined roof that is inclined upward in the direction of the prevailing wind in the winter, and the wall of the large building that receives the prevailing wind in the winter protrudes in the direction toward the prevailing wind in the winter A construction site located in a low wind speed region formed by the wall surface and the inclined roof, which has a curved surface shape, and the outdoor facility has a convex curved surface shape of the large structure that receives the prevailing wind in the winter season. A large-scale building facility characterized by the establishment of
前記傾斜屋根を、上り勾配が可変となる可動屋根構造としたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の大型建築施設。The large-scale building facility according to claim 1 , wherein the inclined roof has a movable roof structure in which an upward slope is variable . 前記傾斜屋根の上り勾配を、3°〜9°の範囲の角度に設定したことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の大型建築施設。The large-scale building facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an upward slope of the inclined roof is set to an angle in a range of 3 ° to 9 °. 前記凸曲面形状の壁面に連続して、前記冬季の卓越風の風向きに対して張り出した壁面を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れかに記載の大型建築施設。The large-scale building facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a wall surface projecting toward the wind direction of the prevailing wind in the winter is provided continuously to the convex curved wall surface . 前記大型構造体に、夏期の卓越風が発生する方向に開口して前記卓越風を前記大型構造体の内部に自然流として取り入れて通過するように通気口を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れかに記載の大型建築施設。Claims, characterized in that the large structure, provided a vent to pass incorporating a natural flow of the prevailing wind is open in the direction of summer prevailing wind is generated in the interior of the large structure A large-scale building facility according to any one of 1 to 4.
JP16102295A 1995-06-27 1995-06-27 Large building facility Expired - Fee Related JP3698757B2 (en)

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JP4627746B2 (en) 2005-07-19 2011-02-09 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 Phase detection circuit, resolver / digital converter using the same, and control system
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