JPH08302741A - Driver's cab for construction equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To adjust the direction of a front visual field from a driver' s seat by inclining a front window in a driver's cab. CONSTITUTION: A front window 12 positioned in front of a driver's seat 13 is tilted and displaced at the three places of a vertical place under an approximately vertical state, a forward inclined place inclined so that the upper side is fallen forward, and a backward inclined place inclined so that the upper side is fallen backward while using the lower section of the front window 12 as a fulcrum. A hinge 18 is connected between the lower place of a frame and the floor board 10a of a driver's cab, and one mounting plate section of a hinge 19 is also fitted at the upper position of the frame in a fixing manner by a bolt. The other mounting plate of the hinge 19 is formed in a structure capable of being moved before and behind.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention can adjust the angle of the front window of a hydraulic excavator or other construction machine so that an operator can have a good forward field of view when performing work such as excavating earth and sand. It relates to the cab of a construction machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A typical construction machine is shown in FIG.
There is a hydraulic excavator shown in. This hydraulic excavator comprises a crawler-type lower traveling structure 1 and an upper revolving structure 2 rotatably installed on the lower traveling structure 1. The upper revolving structure 2 is provided with a driver's cab 3 on which an operator rides. Boom 4
As the a, arm 4b, and front attachment, a front working mechanism 4 is provided as a movable working means including a bucket 4c, for example. Further, a machine room 5 in which an engine, a fuel tank, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic oil tank and the like are installed is provided at a rear position of the operator's cab 3, and a counterweight 6 is installed at a rearmost position.

FIG. 10 shows the internal structure of the cab 3. In the figure, 7 is a driver's seat in which the operator is seated,
Operation levers on the left and right sides and front of the driver's seat 7,
The operation means such as operation pedals and switches and instruments are arranged. A front window 8 is provided in front of the driver's cab 7.
Is a frame 8a fixed to the structure of the driver's cab 3 and equipped with a transparent plate 8b. The transparent plate 8b has as large an area as possible in order to secure a wide front field of view. There is.

[0004]

By the way, in the cab 3, the front window 8 is tilted forward and backward such that the lower part thereof projects the most forward and the upper part retracts inward, as is apparent from FIG. Has become. This improves the visual field in the front and diagonally above. However, if the front window 8 is tilted in this direction, a sufficient downward visual field cannot be obtained. When performing general work with a hydraulic excavator, the lower field of view is not necessary, but, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, in the case of excavation work on a cliff or work for digging deep holes, the lower field of view is used. Will be required. However, in the case of the conventional technique, the field of view obtained from the front window is fixed, and the field of view cannot be changed, so that the work may not always be performed efficiently. Further, hydraulic excavators and the like are mostly worked outdoors, and are therefore exposed to direct sunlight. Further, the front window having the lower side projecting forward has a drawback that the operator sitting in the driver's seat 7 may be too dazzled to hinder the work depending on the direction of the sun or the like.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to easily change the direction of the forward visual field obtained through the front window.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a constitution in which a front window is capable of tilting forward and backward and is provided with a fixing means for fixing at a predetermined angular position. It is a feature.

[0007]

According to the working condition, the front window can be tilted back and forth to be fixed at a desired angle. That is, when excavating earth and sand in the front or diagonally upper position, in order to keep the whole of the working mechanism in view, the front window should be in the vertical state, or the lower side should be overhanging and the upper part should be tilted backward. Place it in the condition Further, when the work is performed at a position lower than the height position of the construction machine, the front window is displaced to a state in which the upper side projects, that is, a state in which the front window is inclined so as to be tilted forward. As a result, a wide downward visual field can be obtained, so that the operator can surely bring the movable working means into the visual field when working with the movable working means positioned below. In the state in which the front window is tilted backward, the downward visual field can be made wider when the driver's seat is moved forward, compared to the state in which the front window is tilted forward. Therefore,
Not only can you tilt the front window,
If the driver's seat is also configured to be moved back and forth and the front window is tilted to move to a position where the working position is most visible, the workability is further improved.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows the configuration of the cab. 10 is a driver's cab structure, and this driver's cab structure 10 includes a floor plate 10a, left and right side plates 10b, a roof 10c, and a rear plate 10d,
A door (not shown) is provided on one side of the left and right side plates 10b, and a window 11 is provided on the other side. In front of the cab structure 10, a front window 1
2 is installed, and this front window 12 is
A transparent plate 12b is mounted on a rectangular frame-shaped frame 12a, and the transparent plate 12b has a wide area as much as possible in order to secure a wide front field of view. A driver's seat 13 is provided on the floor board 10 a, and an operation lever 14 and a pedal 15 are provided in front of the driver's seat 13.
However, another operation lever 16 and an operation box 17 equipped with a measuring instrument (not shown) are provided on the side.

The front window 12 is shown in FIG.
As shown by the solid line, the vertical position is in a substantially vertical state, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line, the forward inclined position where the upper side is inclined to fall forward, and as shown by the double dashed line, the upper side is It can be displaced to three positions, that is, a rearwardly inclined position that is inclined so as to tilt backward. The front window 12 is tilted with its lower portion as a fulcrum. For this reason, a hinge 18 is connected with a bolt or the like between the lower position of the frame 12a of the front window 12 and the floor plate 10a of the cab structure 10. Also, frame 1
One mounting plate portion 19a of the hinge 19 is fixedly attached to the upper position of 2a by a bolt 20.
As shown in FIG. 2, the other mounting plate 19b of 9 is provided with a first bolt hole 21 formed in the roof 10c of the operator's cab structure 10 or in the roof 10c before and after the first bolt hole 21. The spacers 22a and 22b attached to the second and third bolt holes 23 and 24, respectively, are detachably fixed by bolts 25.
A plurality of these bolt holes 21, 23, 24 are bored in a line.

On the other hand, the left and right side portions of the frame 12a of the front window 12 are provided with connecting portions 26 so as to be folded back inside by 90 °. As shown in FIG. 3, plate-like rubber 27 as an elastic member is attached to the outer side surfaces of the connecting portions 26, and the connecting portion 26 and the plate-like rubber 27 are arranged at three positions in the upper, lower, and middle positions. A bolt insertion hole 28 is formed in the. On the other hand, on the side plate 10b of the driver's cab structure 10, the front window 12 is aligned with the bolt insertion holes 28 at the vertical position, the front inclined position, and the rear inclined position.
And, third bolt holes 29, 30, 31 are provided. Therefore, the connecting portion 26 is bolted to the first, second or third bolt hole 2 via the bolt insertion hole 28.
It is adapted to be detachably connected to any one of 9, 30, 31.

As described above, in the frame 12a of the front window 12, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower portion is fixed to the position fixed by the hinge 18, and the upper portion is detachable from the hinge 19 by the bolt 20. Connection part 26 is bolt 32
Are detachably fixed to the floor plate 10a, the roof 10c, and the left and right side plates 10b, which are the structures of the cab structure 10. The angle of the front window 12 can be selected depending on the fixed positions of the upper hinge 19 and the left and right connecting portions 26.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the driver's seat 13, together with the operating lever 14, the pedal 15, the operating box 17, etc., can be positionally adjusted in the front-rear direction. That is,
The driver's seat 13 and each member located in the periphery thereof are unitized, and the driver's seat unit is installed on the base plate 33. The base plate 33 is provided with a plurality of rollers 35 that engage with guide rails 34, 34 extending in the front-rear direction of the floor plate 10a, that is, in the direction of approaching and separating from the front window 12. By rolling along the guide rail 34, it is possible to displace the driver's seat 13 in the direction of moving toward or away from the front window 12.

In order to fix the base plate 33 on which the driver's seat unit is mounted at a desired position, as is apparent from FIGS. 5 and 6, a slide guide 36 is provided on the side wall of the operation box 16.
Are installed in two places, one above the other and these slide guides 3
A stopper rod 37 is attached to 6 so as to be vertically slidable. On the other hand, the floor plate 10a is provided with a stopper receiver 38 having a large number of receiving holes 38a into which the tip ends of the stopper rods 37 are fitted, and the stopper rod 37 is fitted into any of the receiving holes 38a of the stopper receiver 38. When fitted together, the base plate 33 is fixed at that position. Also, the base plate 33
In order to facilitate position adjustment of the holding box 39, a holding member 39 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the operation box 16, and the stopper rod 37 is provided with a holding member at a height position where it is separated from the receiving hole 38a. Engaging finger piece 4 installed on 39
0 is provided. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, when the engaging finger piece 40 is placed on the holding member 39, the base plate 33 can be freely moved in the direction along the guide rail 34.

The present embodiment is constructed as described above, and its operation will be described below.

In order to excavate the earth and sand with a hydraulic excavator, the excavator is self-propelled to a work position, and the boom 4a, the arm 4b and the bucket 4c constituting the front working mechanism 4 are appropriately moved to perform the excavation work. Turn 2 to load the excavated earth and sand into the dump truck. Here, when the earth and sand to be excavated is at the ground contact portion of the undercarriage 1 or at a position higher than the ground contact portion, the front working mechanism 4 operates so as to descend and rise from above.
A wide field of view in front and diagonally upward is required for an operator who is seated in 3 and operates. Therefore, the front window 12 is arranged at the vertical position or the rearwardly inclined position. Further, the driver's seat 13 is arranged at a position relatively distant from the front window 12. Here, the angular position of the front window 12 has no particular difference in the visual field range between the vertical position and the rearward inclined position, but in the case where the operator feels dazzling due to the relationship with the direct sunlight direction, It is sufficient to select either the vertical position or the backward tilt position.

When excavating earth and sand below the ground contact position of the undercarriage 1 such as on the edge of a cliff, it is a matter of course that a forward field of view is required, and it is preferable that the field of view is from diagonally above to diagonally below, preferably directly below. Make sure that the field of view can be obtained in the near direction. For this purpose, the front window 12 is set to the forward inclined position, and the driver's seat 13 is moved forward, that is, in the direction approaching the front window 12. by this,
Even if the bucket 4c is located considerably below and the operator is seated in the driver's seat 13, it can be visually recognized even if the lower field of view is opened. Therefore, the workability of the excavation work at this position is extremely important.

Since the angle of the front window 12 can be adjusted by a simple operation of changing the mounting positions of the bolts 20 and 32 fixing the front window 12, the operator can easily and easily operate the work site. The angle of the front window 12 can be quickly adjusted. Further, the position of the driver's seat 13 can be adjusted by detaching the stopper rod 37 from the stopper receiver 38, shifting the position, and then engaging the stopper rod 37 with the receiving hole 38a of the stopper receiver 38 again. This operation can also be performed extremely easily and quickly. Therefore, the angle of the front window 12 and the position of the driver's seat 13 can be adjusted so that the operator can obtain the most appropriate visual field according to the work situation and the like.

By the way, rainwater, dust, etc. do not enter the operator's cab 3, and the operator's cab 3 must be sealed as much as possible from the viewpoint of soundproofing. However, since the front window 12 has a movable structure, it is necessary to configure so that the airtightness inside the cab 3 does not deteriorate. For this,
First, the side portion of the connecting portion 26 connected to the frame 12a of the front window 12 and the side plate 10b of the cab structure 10.
Since the plate-shaped rubber 27 is interposed at the joint portion with, if the plate-shaped rubber 27 is bent by tightening the bolt 32, the airtightness therebetween can be achieved. Also, the hinge 18,
In the region of 19, the mounting plates for the hinges 18 and 19 are formed as a single piece over the entire length thereof, or even if they are divided, the number of divisions is reduced as much as possible. Also,
As shown in FIG. 7, a cutout portion C is provided at a portion where the connecting portion 26 extends so as to abut the end surface of the connecting portion 26, and a seal is provided between them when necessary. Just fill the material. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, if an elastic film 41 such as a rubber film is attached to the hinges 18 and 19, the sealing property of this portion is further improved.

On the other hand, since the driver's seat 13 is movable in the front-rear direction, the means for transmitting the operation amount by the operation of the operation lever 14, the pedal 15 and the operation box 17 is a member operated by those operations. It cannot be connected rigidly. Therefore, the operation signals of these operation means are configured to be transmitted as electric signals or hydraulic signals. Even if the driver's seat 13 is movable, the operator's seat 13 has a simple movement such as the front-rear direction and does not require a long moving stroke. Therefore, the transmission lines of electric signals and hydraulic signals are entangled and damaged. Inconvenience does not occur.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned structure. For example, although the hydraulic excavator has been illustrated as the construction machine in which the operator's cab is provided, it can also be used as the operator's cab of another construction machine such as a crane. In addition, the angle of the front window can be adjusted to three positions: a vertical position, a front tilt position and a rear tilt position.
The present invention is not limited to one position, and two positions including a front tilt position and a plurality of front and rear tilt positions may be provided. Further, the fulcrum position of the front window may be at the middle portion or the upper portion, instead of the lower portion. The bolt does not necessarily have to be fixed, and it can be fixed by being pressed against the cab structure by a clamp means or the like. Furthermore, the fixing means of the base plate provided with the driver's seat can be fixed not only by the one shown in the embodiment but also by an appropriate one such as a ratchet mechanism.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, the front window can be tilted back and forth and can be fixed at a predetermined angular position. Therefore, the direction of the front field of view obtained through the front window can be changed. Therefore, it is possible to easily make changes and adjustments in accordance with the work situation and the like.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a driver's cab showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part showing a configuration of a fixing mechanism on an upper part of a front window.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line YY of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a structural explanatory view of a base plate fixing mechanism.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view showing a state in which a stopper rod in a base plate fixing mechanism is detached from a stopper receiver.

FIG. 7 is a structural explanatory view showing a structure for maintaining airtightness between a hinge and a connecting portion.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a hinge having an airtight holding function.

FIG. 9 is an external view of a hydraulic excavator as a typical example of a construction machine.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a cab according to the prior art.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Driver's Cabin Structure 12 Front Window 12a Frame 12b Transparent Plate 13 Driver's Seat 18, 19 Hinges 20, 25, 32 Bolts 22a, 22b Spacer 26 Connecting Part 33 Base Plate 34 Guide Rail 37 Stopper Rod 38 Stopper Receiver

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A construction machine in which a movable working means is provided in a front position of a driver's cab, a driver's seat is provided in the driver's cab, and a front window is mounted in front of the driver's seat, the front window can be tilted back and forth. An operator's cab of a construction machine, characterized by comprising a fixing means for fixing at a predetermined angular position. 2. A hinge is connected to the upper and lower sides of the front window, and one of the upper and lower hinges is fixed to a structure of a driver's cab while the other hinge is bolted. The structure is detachably fixed to a predetermined position of the structure, and elastic members for sealing the space between the structure and the structure are attached to both left and right sides of the structure. The cab of the listed construction machine. 3. A structure is provided in which the driver's seat is movable in a direction of approaching or separating from the front window according to an angular position of the front window, and a fixing means for fixing the driver's seat at a predetermined position is provided. The operator's cab of the construction machine according to claim 1.