JPH08288154A - Switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To effectively switch connection between windings during loading without power failure by constituting a switching operation circuit by only a low-loss high-speed operation type switch element such as a semiconductor element having a self-turn-off function and allowing it to perform switching operation at a high speed by using an exclusive control circuit. CONSTITUTION: This device is composed of a power supply 1 as input power for primary side, resistance element 4 connecting in series with the power supply 1 to suppress the transition phenomenon generating during switching operation, switch element 3 short-circuiting both ends of a resistance element 4 in a normal state where no switching is performed, transformer TR1 provided with three primary windings, winding switching operation circuit 2 consisting of AC switches 21 to 26 that are composed of power MOSFETs for connecting serially primary windings a, b and c for the transformer TR1 in optional combination, control circuit 5 for issuing switching drive signals to the circuit 2, and load L connecting with the secondary side of the transformer TR1. Thus, its reliability, responsiveness and thermal loss can be improved and its production cost be also reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a switching device capable of switching a winding ratio or a tap of a transformer without a momentary power failure during a load and a polarity of a load voltage without a momentary power failure during a load. The present invention relates to a switching device that can perform.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The applicant of the present invention has previously proposed an electric regulator capable of continuously changing the winding ratio digitally and adjusting the voltage or current with high performance. The first invention is utilized as a winding ratio switching device for the electric regulator. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a switching device using a mechanical type or a thyristor switch is known as a switching device for a tap, a polarity, or an electric circuit when a load is applied.

[0003]

However, since the switching device using the above thyristor switch has a complicated circuit structure and the switching time is relatively long, the impedance element which suppresses the short-circuit current at the time of switching has a large heat generation, and at the time of switching. There is a problem in terms of reliability, responsiveness, performance, heat loss, and cost, because there are voltage fluctuations in the supply voltage to the load, and because the on resistance of the thyristor switch is relatively high, heat is generated during steady operation. is there. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a switching device that solves the above problems and bring about economic effects in various fields.

[0004]

The switching device of the present invention (the first invention according to claim 1) is a transformer having a plurality of primary windings or secondary windings, and is uninterrupted during load. A semiconductor device having a self-turn-off function, for example, FET, IGBT, GTO, S
A winding switching operation means composed only of low loss high speed operation type switching elements such as IT, an input power source and the winding switching operation means for suppressing a transient phenomenon occurring at the time of switching operation of the winding switching operation means. An impedance element connected in series between the impedance switching element, a switching element that short-circuits both ends of the impedance element in a steady state when the switching operation of the winding switching operation means is not performed, and a switching operation of the winding switching operation means. And a control means for performing the operation at high speed according to a predetermined procedure.

The switching device of the present invention (the second invention according to claim 2) is a tapped transformer, in which a transient phenomenon suppressing element at the time of switching is not installed in order to efficiently switch taps without interruption during load. , A semiconductor device having a self-turn-off function, for example, a tap switching operation means constituted only by a low-loss high-speed operation type switching element such as FET, IGBT, GTO, SIT, and a transient phenomenon occurring during the switching operation of the tap switching operation means In order to suppress the above, the impedance element connected in series between the input power source and the tap switching operation means, and both ends of the impedance element are short-circuited in a steady state when the tap switching operation means does not perform the switching operation. It is composed of a switch element and control means for performing the switching operation of the tap switching operation means at a high speed in a predetermined procedure.

In the switching device of the present invention (the third invention according to claim 3), a transient phenomenon suppressing element at the time of switching is installed in order to efficiently switch the polarity of the voltage applied to the load during the load without interruption. No, a semiconductor device having a self-turn-off function, for example, a polarity switching operation means composed only of low-loss high-speed operation type switching elements such as FET, IGBT, GTO, and SIT, and a transient occurring during the switching operation of the polarity switching operation means. In order to suppress the phenomenon, an impedance element connected in series between the input power source and the polarity switching operation means, and the impedance element is short-circuited at both ends in the steady state when the switching operation of the polarity switching operation means is not performed. And a control means for causing the switching operation of the polarity switching operation means to be performed at high speed in a predetermined procedure.

[0007]

The switching device according to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-described structure is a transformer having a plurality of primary windings or secondary windings.
When switching the connection between these windings during load, the shorter the time from the start of switching operation to the end of switching operation (switching time), the more transient phenomena such as short-circuit current and overcurrent that occur during switching will occur. The effect is small. Therefore, if the switching operation circuit is composed only of low-loss, high-speed operation type switching elements such as semiconductor elements having a self-turn-off function, and the switching operation is performed at a high speed by a dedicated control circuit, a transient phenomenon suppression circuit is specially constructed. Even if it is not installed, the connection between the windings can be efficiently switched during a load without an interruption. For example, if a winding switching operation circuit as shown in FIG. 1- (a) is configured by an AC switch composed of a power MOSFET and operated at a high speed with a dedicated control circuit, the connection can be switched in only a few microseconds. As a transient phenomenon at the time of this switching, an overcurrent is generated for 0.1 ms to 0.4 ms. Therefore, overcurrent can be suppressed by connecting an impedance element such as a resistance element in series with the power supply for 0.1 ms to 0.4 ms during this switching operation. in this case,
Since the energization time of the resistance element is very short, the electric capacity of the resistance element is very small. Further, when both ends of the resistance element are short-circuited by the switch elements in the steady state where the switching operation is not performed, almost no current flows through the resistance element, so that the steady-state heat generation of the resistance element is almost eliminated.
When the influence of the transient phenomenon is small, the resistance element is unnecessary. The shorter the switching time is, the smaller the influence of the transient phenomenon at the time of switching becomes, so that the circuit configuration of the switching device becomes simpler. The switching device of the present invention may be switched to a resistor, a capacitor, a reactor, various batteries or the like instead of the winding of the transformer, and can be utilized as an efficient load switching device for all electrical elements.

The switching device of the second invention having the above-mentioned structure is
In a tapped transformer, when the taps are switched at the time of load, the shorter the switching time, the smaller the influence of transient phenomena such as short-circuit current and overcurrent generated at the time of switching. Therefore, if the switching operation circuit is composed of only low-loss, high-speed operation type switching elements such as semiconductor elements having a self-turn-off function, and the switching operation is performed at a high speed by a dedicated control circuit, transient phenomena are suppressed. You can efficiently switch the tap connection without a power failure even without installing.
For example, if a tap switching operation circuit as shown in FIG. 2- (a) is configured by an AC switch composed of a power MOSFET and a dedicated control circuit is operated at high speed, the connection can be switched in a time of only a few microseconds. As a transient phenomenon at the time of this switching, an overcurrent is generated for 0.1 ms to 0.4 ms. Therefore, overcurrent can be suppressed by connecting an impedance element such as a resistance element in series with the power supply for 0.1 ms to 0.4 ms during this switching operation. In this case, since the energization time of the resistance element is very short, the electric capacity of the resistance element becomes very small. Further, when both ends of the resistance element are short-circuited by the switch elements in the steady state where the switching operation is not performed, almost no current flows through the resistance element, so that the steady-state heat generation of the resistance element is almost eliminated. When the influence of the transient phenomenon is small, the resistance element is unnecessary. The shorter the switching time is, the smaller the influence of the transient phenomenon at the time of switching becomes, so that the circuit configuration of the switching device becomes simpler. In the switching device of the present invention, the switching target is not the winding of the transformer but the resistor, the capacitor, the reactor,
It may be various batteries or the like, and can be utilized as an efficient load switching device for all electric elements.

The switching device of the third invention having the above structure is
When the polarity of the voltage applied to the load is switched during the load, the shorter the switching time, the less the influence of transient phenomena such as short-circuit current and overcurrent that occur during the switching. Therefore, if the switching operation circuit is composed only of low-loss, high-speed operation type switching elements such as semiconductor elements having a self-turn-off function and the switching operation is performed at high speed by a dedicated control circuit, the transient suppression circuit The polarity can be switched efficiently without interruption during load without installing. For example, power M
When the polarity switching operation circuit as shown in FIG. 4- (a) is configured by an AC switch composed of OSFET and a dedicated control circuit is operated at high speed, the polarity can be switched in only a few microseconds. As a transient phenomenon at the time of this switching, an overcurrent is generated for 0.01 millisecond to 0.4 millisecond. Therefore, at the time of this switching operation, an overcurrent can be suppressed by connecting an impedance element such as a resistance element in series with the power supply for only 0.01 ms to 0.4 ms. In this case, since the energization time of the resistance element is very short, the electric capacity of the resistance element becomes very small. Further, when both ends of the resistance element are short-circuited by the switch elements in the steady state where the switching operation is not performed, almost no current flows through the resistance element, so that the steady-state heat generation of the resistance element is almost eliminated. When the influence of the transient phenomenon is small, the resistance element is unnecessary. The shorter the switching time is, the smaller the influence of the transient phenomenon at the time of switching becomes, so that the circuit configuration of the switching device becomes simpler. The switching device of the present invention can be used for AC / DC.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) The switching device of the first embodiment is
This is an embodiment in the case where the number of primary windings is three in the first invention, and as shown in FIG. 1- (a), the power source 1 as the input voltage on the primary side and the transient generated during the switching operation. In order to suppress the phenomenon, an impedance element 4 connected in series with the power supply 1, a switching element 3 in which both ends of the impedance element 4 are short-circuited in a steady state without switching operation, and three primary windings are provided. A transformer TR1 and a winding switching operation circuit 2 composed of AC switches 21 to 26 composed of power MOSFETs for connecting the primary windings a, b and c of the transformer TR1 in series in an arbitrary combination; It comprises a control circuit 5 for operating the line switching operation circuit 2 at high speed, and a load L connected to the secondary side of the transformer TR1.

In the above circuit configuration, when the AC switches 21 to 26 and 3 of the winding switching operation circuit 2 are initially in the state 1 of FIG. 1- (c), when the state 1 transits to the state 2. Each AC switch operates according to the operation command of the control circuit 5 in the following procedure. , Switch 3 is opened. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. , The switches 22, 24 and 26 are closed. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. The switch 3 is closed after a delay time of 0.1 to 0.4 msec from the action of. Each AC switch when transitioning from state 2 to state 3 in FIG.
It operates according to the procedure of ,,,. , Switch 3 is opened. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. Following the operations of and, the switches 22 and 24 are closed and 26 is opened. , The switch 25 is closed. The switch 3 is closed after a delay time of 0.1 to 0.4 milliseconds from the operation of. Each AC switch when transitioning from state 3 to state 4 in FIG.
It operates according to the procedure of ,,,. , Switch 3 is opened. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. Following the operation of, the switches 22 and 26 are closed and 24 is opened. , The switch 23 is closed. The switch 3 is closed after a delay time of 0.1 to 0.4 milliseconds from the operation of. Each AC switch when transitioning from state 4 to state 5 in FIG.
It operates according to the procedure of ,,,. , Switch 3 is opened. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. , The switch 26 is closed and the switches 22 and 24 are opened. , The switch 23 is closed. The switch 3 is closed after a delay time of 0.1 to 0.4 milliseconds from the operation of. Here, since the time delay between each of the operations and and is several microseconds, there is no problem even if the operations and and the operations are simultaneous or before and after.
The operation delay time is adjusted by the electric capacity of the switching device or the required performance. The same operating procedure can be used even if the number of windings of the transformer TR1 increases. A method of returning the power supply voltage to the original instead of the operation of lowering the power supply voltage instead of the above operation can also be taken. FIG. 1- (b) shows an embodiment in which the number of secondary windings is 3, and the operation principle is shown in FIG.
It is similar to (a).

(Second Embodiment) The switching device of the second embodiment is
This is an embodiment in the case where the number of taps on the primary side of the transformer is three in the second invention, and as shown in FIG.
The power supply 1 as the input voltage on the next side and the impedance element 4 connected in series with the power supply 1 in order to suppress a transient phenomenon that occurs during the switching operation, and the impedance element 4 are short-circuited at the steady state when the switching operation is not performed. Transformer 3 with switching element 3 and three taps on the primary winding
A tap switching operation circuit 6 composed of AC switches 61 to 63 composed of power MOSFETs for arbitrarily switching the taps T1, T2, T3 of the transformer TR3; and a control circuit 7 for operating the tap switching operation circuit 6 at high speed. , A load L connected to the secondary side of the transformer TR3.

In the above circuit configuration, when the AC switches 61 to 63 and 3 of the tap changeover operation circuit 6 are initially in the state 1 of FIG. 2 (c), the transition from the state 1 to the state 2 is performed. The AC switch operates according to the operation command of the control circuit 7 in the following procedure. , Switch 3 is opened. , The switches 61, 62 and 63 are opened. , The switch 62 is closed. The switch 3 is closed after a delay time of 0.1 to 0.4 milliseconds from the operation of. Each AC switch when transitioning from state 2 to state 3 in FIG.
It operates according to the procedure of, and. , Switch 3 is opened. , The switches 61, 62 and 63 are opened. , The switch 63 is closed. , The switch 3 is closed after a delay time of 0.1 to 0.4 milliseconds from the operation. Each AC switch when transitioning from state 3 to state 4 in FIG.
It operates according to the procedure of, and. , Switch 3 is opened. The switches 61, 62 and 63 are opened following the operation of. , The switch 61 is closed. The switch 3 is closed after a delay time of 0.1 to 0.4 milliseconds from the operation of. Here, since the time delay between the operation and the operation is several microseconds, there is no problem even if the operation and the operation are synchronized with each other or before and after. The operation delay time is adjusted by the electric capacity of the switching device or the required performance. Transformer TR
The same operating procedure can be used even if the number of windings of 1 increases. It is also possible to lower the power supply voltage instead of the above operation and restore the power supply voltage to the original instead of the operation of 4. FIG. 2- (b) is an embodiment when there are three taps on the secondary side, and the operation principle is the same as that of FIG. 2- (a). Fig. 3- (a), (b)
Is another embodiment, and will be described below with reference to FIG. When the AC switches 81 to 86 of the tap switching operation circuit 8 are in the state 1 of FIG. 3- (c) as an initial state, the state 1
Fig. 3 shows each AC switch when transitioning from state to state 2.
As shown in <Changing 12> in (c), the operation is performed in the following procedure according to the operation command of the control circuit 13. , Switch 81 is closed. , The switch 82 is opened. , The switch 84 is closed. , The switch 81 is opened.

(Third Embodiment) The switching device of the third embodiment is
It is an embodiment in the case of switching the polarity of the voltage applied to the load in the third invention. As shown in FIG. 4- (a),
The power source 1 as an input voltage and the impedance element 4 connected in series with the power source 1 in order to suppress a transient phenomenon that occurs during the switching operation, and both ends of the impedance element 4 are short-circuited during the steady state when the switching operation is not performed. Switch element 3
And a polarity switching operation circuit 9 composed of AC switches 91 and 92 composed of power MOSFETs for switching the polarity, and a control circuit 1 for operating the polarity switching operation circuit 9 at high speed.
0 and load L.

In the above circuit configuration, the AC switches 3, 91, 92 of the polarity switching operation circuit 9 are set in the initial state <
Assuming that the switch 3 is closed-the switch 91 is open-the switch 92 is closed>, each AC switch at the time of transition from this initial state to a state of another polarity is It works according to the procedure. , Switch 3 is opened. , The switch 91 is opened. The switch 92 is closed following the operation of. , The switch 3 is closed after a delay time of 0.01 to 0.4 milliseconds. The delay time in this case is adjusted according to the type of load L. Here, since the time delay between the operation and the operation is several microseconds, there is no problem even if the operation and the operation are synchronized with each other or before and after. FIG. 4- (b) shows another embodiment, and the operation principle will be described below. AC switch 1 of the polarity switching operation circuit 11
11 to 114 are in the initial state <the switch 113 is closed-
Assuming that all the other switches are open>, each AC switch at the time of transition from this initial state to the state of another polarity is
It works according to the procedure. , Switch 111 is closed. , The switch 112 is opened. , The switch 114 is closed. , The switch 111 is opened.

[0017]

In each of the first, second and third inventions having the above-mentioned operation, the electric circuit can be efficiently switched without a momentary power failure at the time of load, so that the conventional mechanical or thyristor switch can be used. It is possible to eliminate the momentary power outage and the momentary voltage fluctuation of 0.01 second to 0.3 second level, which are found in a switching device using the. Moreover, reliability, responsiveness, heat loss, weight, and cost can be greatly improved as compared with the conventional device. Therefore, the switching device of the present invention will be very economical and highly reliable small and lightweight voltage adjustment in the future,
The current can be adjusted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a switching device according to the first invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the switching device according to the second invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the switching device according to the second invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a third embodiment of a switching device according to the third invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is an AC power supply 2 is a winding switching operation unit 21-26 is an AC switch constituting the winding switching operation unit 2 is an AC switch 4,87,88,89,115,116 is an impedance element 5,7,10 respectively , 12 and 13 are control units 6, 8 are tap switching operation units 61 to 63, AC switches 81 to 86 are included in the tap switching operation unit 6, and AC switches 9 to 11 are included in the tap switching operation unit 8. Polarity switching operation parts 91 and 92 are AC switches that configure the polarity switching operation part 9 and 111-114 are AC switches that configure the polarity switching operation part 11.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 12, 1995

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0003

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0003]

However, since the switching device using the thyristor switch has a complicated circuit structure and the switching time is relatively long, the impedance element for limiting the winding short-circuit current at the time of switching has a large heat generation. Reliability, responsiveness, weight , heat loss, etc. may occur due to voltage fluctuations in the supply voltage to the load during switching, and because the ON voltage of the thyristor switch is relatively high, heat generation during steady operation is large.
There is a cost problem. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a switching device that solves the above problems and bring about economic effects in various fields.

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0007

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0007]

The switching device according to the first aspect of the present invention having the above-described structure is a transformer having a plurality of primary windings or secondary windings.
When switching the connections between their winding when a load from the start of the switching operation until the end of the switching operation time (hereinafter
The shorter the lower switching time is), the shorter the winding
The influence of transient phenomena such as short-circuit current, overcurrent , and overvoltage generated by short circuit and release is reduced. Therefore, if the switching operation circuit is composed only of low-loss, high-speed operation type switching elements such as semiconductor elements having a self-turn-off function, and the switching operation is performed at a high speed by a dedicated control circuit, a transient phenomenon suppression circuit is specially constructed. Even if it is not installed, the connection between the windings can be efficiently switched during a load without an interruption. For example, in FIG.
An AC switch composed of a power MOSFET as shown in FIG. 1A constitutes a winding switching operation circuit as shown in FIG. 1A, and a dedicated control circuit drives the AC switch at high speed.
Then, the switching time is only a few microseconds. At the time of this switching
As a transient phenomenon, several microseconds to several hundred microseconds (below
Overcurrent flows in the main circuit of the power supply during the lower transient time).
It is . Therefore, the resistance element is connected in series with the power supply during the transient time.
Overcurrent by connecting an impedance element such as
Can be restricted . In this case, the impedance
Since the energization time of the device is very short, the impedance
The capacitance of the device is very small. In addition, when the switching operation is not performed , the both ends of the impedance element are crossed in the steady state.
Current switch to the impedance element
Almost no current flows. When the effect of transient phenomena is small
The impedance element and the impedance element
The AC switch that short-circuits both ends of is not required . The shorter the switching time is, the smaller the influence of the transient phenomenon at the time of switching becomes, so that the circuit configuration of the switching device becomes simpler. To the present invention
As shown in Fig. 6- (a), the switching method is such that the target of switching is not the winding of the transformer but the efficient load of all electrical elements such as resistors, capacitors, reactors, batteries, electromagnetic coils, superconducting coils, etc. It can be used as a time switching device.
FIG. 6- (c) shows an application to parallel connection.

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0008

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The switching device of the second invention having the above-mentioned structure is
In a transformer with taps, when switching taps during load, the shorter the switching time is, the shorter the windings are released during switching.
Short-circuit current or overcurrent caused by, the influence of transients, such as over-voltage is reduced. Therefore, if the switching operation circuit is composed only of low-loss, high-speed operation type switching elements such as semiconductor elements having a self-turn-off function, and the switching operation is performed at a high speed by a dedicated control circuit, a transient phenomenon suppression circuit is specially constructed. Even without installation, tap connection can be efficiently switched during a load without interruption. For example, in Figure 5- (a)
As shown in FIG. 2- (a), an AC switch composed of a power MOSFET as shown in FIG. 2- (a) constitutes a tap switching operation circuit, and the AC switch is driven at a high speed by a dedicated control circuit.
The time is only a few microseconds. Transient phenomenon during this switching
As a few microseconds to a few hundred microseconds
Overcurrent flows in the main circuit of the power supply during the period (abbreviated as "between") . Therefore, during the transition time, the resistor element or other device is connected in series with the power supply.
Limit overcurrent by connecting impedance element
You can In this case, since the impedance element has a very short energization time, the capacitance of the impedance element is very small. In addition, when the switching operation is not performed in a steady state , both ends of the impedance element are AC switched.
If short-circuited with
No current flows. If the effect of transient phenomena is small,
Impedance element and both ends of the impedance element
No AC switch to short circuit is required . The shorter the switching time is, the smaller the influence of the transient phenomenon at the time of switching becomes, so that the circuit configuration of the switching device becomes simpler. Switching in the present invention
As shown in Fig. 6- (b), the replacement method is not limited to the transformer winding, but the efficient load of all electrical elements such as resistors, capacitors, reactors, batteries, electromagnetic coils, superconducting coils, etc. It can be used as a time switching device .

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0009

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

The switching device of the third invention having the above structure is
When the polarity of the voltage applied to the load is switched during the load, the shorter the switching time, the less the influence of transient phenomena such as short-circuit current and overcurrent that occur during the switching. Therefore, if the switching operation circuit is composed only of low-loss, high-speed operation type switching elements such as semiconductor elements having a self-turn-off function, and the switching operation is performed at a high speed by a dedicated control circuit, a transient phenomenon suppression circuit is specially constructed. The polarity can be switched efficiently without load during a load without installation. For example, in FIG.
An AC switch composed of a power MOSFET as shown in (a) constitutes a polarity switching operation circuit as shown in FIG. 4- (a), and a dedicated control circuit drives the AC switch at high speed.
Then, the switching time is only a few microseconds. At the time of this switching
As a transient phenomenon, several microseconds to several hundred microseconds (below
Overcurrent flows in the main circuit of the power supply during the lower transient time).
It is . Therefore, the resistance element is connected in series with the power supply during the transient time.
Overcurrent by connecting an impedance element such as
Can be restricted . In this case, the impedance
Since the energization time of the device is very short, the impedance
The capacitance of the device is very small. In addition, when the switching operation is not performed , the both ends of the impedance element are crossed in the steady state.
Current switch to the impedance element
Almost no current flows. When the effect of transient phenomena is small
The impedance element and the impedance element
The AC switch that short-circuits both ends of is not required . The shorter the switching time is, the smaller the influence of the transient phenomenon at the time of switching becomes, so that the circuit configuration of the switching device becomes simpler. The switching device of the present invention can be used for AC / DC.

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0011

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

(First Embodiment) The switching device of the first embodiment is
This is an embodiment in the case where the number of primary windings is three in the first invention, and as shown in FIG. 1- (a), the power supply 1 as an input voltage on the primary side and a transient phenomenon that occurs during the switching operation. In order to suppress the above, a resistance element 4 connected in series with the power source 1, a switching element 3 in which both ends of the resistance element 4 are short-circuited in a steady state where no switching operation is performed, and three primary windings are provided. A winding switching operation circuit 2 composed of a transformer TR1 and AC switches 21 to 26 each composed of a power MOSFET for serially connecting the primary windings a, b and c of the transformer TR1 in an arbitrary combination; It is composed of a control circuit 5 for outputting a switching drive signal to the switching operation circuit 2 and a load L connected to the secondary side of the transformer TR1.

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0012

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Operation of winding switching in the above circuit configuration
Is very efficient if you perform the following steps ,,,,
Good. , Switch 3 is opened. , Switches simultaneously with switches 21, 23 and 25
To open. Of the switches 22, 24 and 26 following the operation of
Open and close each of them at the same time. Of the switches 21, 23 and 25 following the operation of
Open and close each of them at the same time. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. This will be specifically described below. When the AC switches 21 to 26 and 3 of the winding switching operation circuit 2 are initially in the state 1 of FIG. 1- (c), each AC switch at the time of transition from the state 1 to the state 2 drives the control circuit 5. Next by signal ,
It operates according to the procedure of ,,,. , Switch 3 is opened. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. , The switches 22, 24 and 26 are closed. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. The drive signal for each AC switch control circuit 5 at the time of transition from the state 2 to the state 3 of FIG. 1-(c) of the following,
It operates according to the procedure of ,,,. , Switch 3 is opened. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. Following the operations of and, the switches 22 and 24 are closed and 26 is opened. , The switch 25 is closed. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. The drive signal for each AC switch control circuit 5 at the time of transition from the state 3 to the state 4 in FIG. 1-(c) of the following,
It operates according to the procedure of ,,,. , Switch 3 is opened. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. Following the operation of, the switches 22 and 26 are closed and 24 is opened. , The switch 23 is closed. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. The drive signal for each AC switch control circuit 5 at the time of transition from the state 4 to state 5 in FIG. 1-(c) of the following,
It operates according to the procedure of ,,,. , Switch 3 is opened. Then, the switches 21, 23 and 25 are opened respectively. , The switch 26 is closed and the switches 22 and 24 are opened. , The switch 23 is closed. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. Here, since the time delay between each of the operations and and is several microseconds, there is no problem even if the operations and and the operations are simultaneous or before and after.
Delay time behavior depends electric capacity or the required performance of the switching device. By microcomputer
Drive signal to generate multiple AC switches simultaneously.
Opening and closing and timing adjustment can be done relatively easily. Also, the volume
Perform the line switching operation in the following procedure.
Both are possible. , Switch 3 is opened. , Switches simultaneously with switches 22, 24 and 26
To open. Of the switches 21, 23 and 25 following the operation of
Open and close each of them at the same time. Of the switches 22, 24 and 26 following the operation of
Open and close each of them at the same time. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. In this case, in the operation of, the switches 22, 24,
36 may be closed at the same time, but in that case, short circuit current
The impact will increase. The same operating procedure can be used even if the number of windings of the transformer TR1 increases. Method in place of or in operation instead of the operation of lowering the supply voltage returns to the power supply voltage based also contemplated et al are. When the current flowing through the switch is large
Is installed in the semiconductor AC switch S1 as shown in FIG.
Mechanical switch S2 For example, electromagnetic relay or electromagnetic switch
Are connected in parallel, the semiconductor switch S1 is activated in the steady state.
The heat can be reduced. The operation procedure is shown below.
You. When the switch S operates from closed to open , the mechanical switch S2 is opened. After the mechanical switch S2 is opened, the semiconductor switch
Open S1. When the switch 7 operates from open to closed , the semiconductor switch S1 is closed. , The mechanical switch S2 is closed. When the switch S operates from open to closed, a semiconductor switch
S1 operates faster than mechanical switch S2, so
It is also possible to drive the switches S1 and S2 so that they are simultaneously closed.
I don't know. FIG. 1- (b) shows an embodiment in which the number of secondary windings is three, and the switching procedure is the same as in FIG. 1- (a).

[Procedure Amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0013

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

(Second Embodiment) The switching device of the second embodiment is
This is an embodiment in the case where the number of taps on the primary side of the transformer is three in the second invention, and as shown in FIG.
The power source 1 as the input voltage on the secondary side and a resistor connected in series with the power source 1 in order to suppress the transient phenomenon that occurs during the switching operation.
The anti- element 4, the switch element 3 in which both ends of the resistance element 4 are short-circuited in a steady state without switching operation, the transformer TR3 provided with three taps of the primary winding, and the tap T1 of the transformer TR3. , T2, T3 for switching arbitrarily, tap switching operation circuit 6 composed of AC switches 61 to 63 composed of power MOSFETs, control circuit 7 for issuing a switching drive signal to tap switching operation circuit 6, and transformer TR3. And a load L connected to the secondary side.

[Procedure Amendment 8]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0014

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In the above circuit configuration, tap switching operation is performed.
It will be very efficient if you perform the following steps.
Yes. , Switch 3 is opened. , And switches 61, 62, 63 simultaneously.
To open. Of the switches 61, 62, 63 following the operation of
Close the required tap switch. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. This will be specifically described below. The AC switches 61 to 63 and 3 of the tap switching operation circuit 6 are set in the initial state as shown in FIG.
When the state 1 is in the state 1, each AC switch when transitioning from the state 1 to the state 2 operates according to the drive signal of the control circuit 7 in the following procedure. , Switch 3 is opened. , The switches 61, 62 and 63 are opened. , The switch 62 is closed. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. By each AC switch driving signal of the control circuit 7 at the time of transition from the state 2 to the state 3 in FIG. 2-(c) of the following,
It operates according to the procedure of, and. , Switch 3 is opened. , The switches 61, 62 and 63 are opened. , The switch 63 is closed. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. Each AC switch when transitioning from the state 3 to the state 4 in FIG. 2C is performed by the drive signal of the control circuit 5 as follows.
It operates according to the procedure of, and. , Switch 3 is opened. , The switches 61, 62 and 63 are opened. , The switch 61 is closed. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. Here, since the time delay between the operation and the operation is several microseconds, there is no problem even if the operation and the operation are synchronized with each other or before and after. Delay time of operation will vary not by the electrical capacity or the required performance of the switching device. Microcomputer
When a drive signal is generated by a computer,
It is relatively easy to open and close the switch and adjust the timing.
It Also, the tap switching operation can be
It is also possible to do so. , Switch 3 is opened. , And then switch to the required tap.
The opening and closing operations of the switches 61, 62 and 63 are the same.
Sometimes do. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. In addition, the operation of tap change can be performed in the following procedure.
It is also possible to do so. , Switch 3 is opened. , And switches 61, 62, 63 simultaneously.
Close to. Of the switches 61, 62, 63 following the operation of
Or close the switch of the required tap, the other switch
Open. Delay time from operation, from a few microseconds to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. In this case, the operation of makes the winding short-circuit time longer.
Therefore, the influence of the short-circuit current increases. Transformer TR3
The same operation procedure can be used even if the number of taps of is increased. A method of returning the power supply voltage to the original instead of the operation of lowering the power supply voltage instead of the above operation can also be taken. Flowing to the switch
When the current is large, the semiconductor alternating current is switched as in the first embodiment.
It is better to use the switch and mechanical switch together. Figure 2-
(B) is an embodiment in the case where there are three taps on the secondary side, and the switching procedure is the same as in FIG. 2- (a). Figure 3-
FIGS. 3A and 3B show another embodiment, and FIG. 3A will be described below. When the AC switches 81 to 86 of the tap changeover operation circuit 8 are in the state 1 of FIG. 3- (c) as an initial state, each AC switch when transitioning from the state 1 to the state 2 is by a drive signal of the control circuit 13 as shown in being switched 12> to operate in the next ,,, procedures. , Switch 81 is closed. , The switch 82 is opened. , The switch 84 is closed. , The switch 81 is opened.

[Procedure Amendment 9]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0015

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

(Third Embodiment) The switching device of the third embodiment is
It is an embodiment in the case of switching the polarity of the voltage applied to the load in the third invention. As shown in FIG. 4- (a),
The power supply 1 as an input voltage and the resistance element 4 connected in series with the power supply 1 in order to suppress a transient phenomenon that occurs during the switching operation, and both ends of the resistance element 4 are short-circuited during a steady state in which the switching operation is not performed. An alternating current switch 91 composed of a switch element 3 and a power MOSFET for switching the polarity,
It is composed of a polarity switching operation circuit 9 composed of 92, a control circuit 10 for outputting a switching drive signal to the polarity switching operation circuit 9, and a load L.

[Procedure Amendment 10]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0016

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

In the above circuit configuration, the AC switches 3, 91, 92 of the polarity switching operation circuit 9 are set in the initial state <
Assuming that the switch 3 is closed-the switch 91 is open-the switch 92 is closed>, each AC switch at the time of transition from this initial state to the state of another polarity is driven by the control signal of the control circuit 9 to the following, ... It works according to the procedure. , Switch 3 is opened. , The switch 91 is opened. The switch 92 is closed following the operation of. , Delay time from the operation of a few seconds from a second to hundreds of microphones
After 3 seconds, switch 3 is closed. In this case, the time delay between the operation and
Since it is a second, the action with the action is simultaneous or before and after
Is no problem. FIG. 4- (b) shows another embodiment, and the following operation is performed.
The principle will be explained. AC switch of polarity switching operation circuit 11
111 to 114 are set to the initial state, and the switch 113 is closed.
-Assuming all other switches are open> this initial
Each AC switch when transitioning from one state to another
H is the next by the drive signal of the control circuit 12 ,
It works according to the procedure. , Switch 111 is closed. , The switch 112 is opened. , The switch 114 is closed. , The switch 111 is opened. When the current flowing through the switch is large, it is the same as in the first embodiment.
When a semiconductor AC switch and a mechanical switch are used together,
Good.

[Procedure Amendment 11]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Brief description of the drawing

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a switching device according to the first invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the switching device according to the second invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the switching device according to the second invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a third embodiment of a switching device according to the third invention.

FIG. 5 shows various AC switches of a switching device according to the present invention.
It is a circuit diagram which shows an example.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing another application example of the switching device according to the present invention .
It is a road map.

[Description of Reference Signs] 1 is an AC power supply 2 is a winding switching operation unit 21-26 is an AC switch that constitutes the winding switching operation unit 3 is an AC switch 4, 87, 88, 89, 115, 116 is an impedance element, respectively 5, 7, 10, 12, and 13 are control units 6, 8 are tap switching operation units 61 to 63, AC switches configuring the tap switching operation unit 6, and 81 to 86 AC switches configuring the tap switching operation unit 8. Reference numerals 9 and 11 denote polarity switching operation sections 91 and 92, alternating-current switches constituting the polarity switching operation section 9, and 111 to 114 alternating-current switches constituting the polarity switching operation section 11.

[Procedure Amendment 12]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 5

[Correction method] Added

[Correction content]

[Figure 5]

[Procedure Amendment 13]

[Document name to be corrected] Drawing

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 6

[Correction method] Added

[Correction content]

[Figure 6]

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a transformer having a plurality of primary windings or secondary windings, a transient phenomenon suppression circuit at the time of switching is installed in order to efficiently switch the connection between these windings during a load without uninterruption. And a winding switching operation means composed only of a semiconductor element having a self-turn-off function, for example, a low-loss high-speed operation type switching element such as FET, IGBT, GTO, SIT, and the like. An impedance element connected in series between the input power supply and the winding switching operation means in order to suppress a transient phenomenon that occurs, and the impedance element of the impedance element in a steady state where the switching operation of the winding switching operation means is not performed. A switching device comprising: a switching element whose both ends are short-circuited; and a control means for performing a switching operation of the winding switching operation means at a high speed in a predetermined procedure. 2. In a tapped transformer, a transient phenomenon suppressing circuit at the time of switching is not installed in order to efficiently switch the taps without interruption during load, and a semiconductor element having a self-turn-off function, for example, FET, IGBT, GTO. , SIT
Such as a low loss high speed operation type switching element, and a series connection between the input power source and the tap switching operation means in order to suppress a transient phenomenon that occurs during the switching operation of the tap switching operation means. The impedance element connected to the switch element, the switch element that short-circuits both ends of the impedance element at a steady time when the tap switching operation means is not performing the switching operation, and the tap switching operation means performs the switching operation at high speed in a predetermined procedure. And a control unit for controlling the switching device. 3. A semiconductor device having a self-turn-off function, for example, an FET, an IGBT, without installing a transient phenomenon suppressing circuit at the time of switching in order to efficiently switch the polarity of the voltage applied to the load during the load without interruption. A polarity switching operation means composed only of low-loss, high-speed operation type switching elements such as GTO and SIT, and an input power source and the polarity switching operation means for suppressing a transient phenomenon occurring during the switching operation of the polarity switching operation means. An impedance element connected in series between them, a switching element that short-circuits both ends of the impedance element during a steady state when the switching operation of the polarity switching operation means is not performed, and a switching operation of the polarity switching operation means A switching device comprising: a control means for performing a procedure at high speed.