CN113300642B - Natural non-circulation regulation and control method for on-load voltage regulating transformer without transition resistance - Google Patents
Natural non-circulation regulation and control method for on-load voltage regulating transformer without transition resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN113300642B CN113300642B CN202110577913.XA CN202110577913A CN113300642B CN 113300642 B CN113300642 B CN 113300642B CN 202110577913 A CN202110577913 A CN 202110577913A CN 113300642 B CN113300642 B CN 113300642B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P13/00—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P13/06—Arrangements for controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by tap-changing; by rearranging interconnections of windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/42—Circuits specially adapted for the purpose of modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of transformers, reactors, or choke coils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
- H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
- H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
Abstract
The invention discloses a natural non-circulation regulation and control method for an on-load tap changer without a transition resistor, which comprises the following steps: step 1, dividing possible conduction states of power electronic switches in a voltage regulating unit in a steady state into a first conduction state, a second conduction state and a third conduction state, wherein secondary side voltages of a transformer are sequentially increased; step 2, collecting primary voltage and current, and judging whether boosting or reducing is needed according to the calculated effective value of the voltage; step 3, if voltage boosting or voltage reducing is needed, adjusting the reactive current instruction of the load property regulation and control unit; step 4, continuously detecting the voltage and current states of the primary side of the transformer, and executing a corresponding state switching process when the voltage and the current states meet the switching condition of 'natural no circulation'; the invention can solve the short circuit problem in the on-load voltage regulation process under the condition of no transition resistor, and can avoid the loss and the output voltage 'sag' or 'sag' caused by the connection of the transition resistor in the on-load voltage regulation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transformers, in particular to an on-load tap changing transformer.
Background
At present, a mechanical switch is adopted to adjust a tap joint of a transformer in a more scheme applied to an on-load tap changing transformer, but the defects of the scheme bring many problems to practical application, for example, the service life of the mechanical switch is short, the failure rate in the later period is high, and the maintainability of the device is poor. Compared with a mechanical switch, the power electronic switch has the advantages of high response speed, long service life and the like, and therefore, the application of the power electronic switch to an on-load tap changing transformer device becomes a research hotspot in recent years. The technical difficulty is how to avoid the short circuit phenomenon in the voltage regulation process of the on-load tap changer based on the power electronic device.
In the existing technical scheme of the on-load tap changer based on the power electronic device, one is to directly adopt the power electronic switch to replace the original mechanical switch, but a transition resistor in the original mechanical on-load tap changer is reserved to avoid a short circuit phenomenon possibly occurring in the tap changing process, and the introduction of the transition resistor not only brings loss, but also may cause 'temporary drop' or 'temporary rise' of output voltage in the tap changing process.
The other one of the prior art is to remove the transition resistor, and ensure that the short-circuit time occurring in the voltage regulating process is short enough by precisely selecting the voltage regulating time, the scheme has high requirement on the control precision of the voltage regulating time, and the effective premise is that the speed of the power electronic switch in the voltage regulating process is assumed to be fast enough, so that the short-circuit does not bring great influence to the system, and the problem of the short-circuit in the on-load voltage regulating process is not really solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a natural non-circulation regulation and control method for an on-load tap changing transformer without a transition resistor, which can solve the problem of short circuit in the on-load tap changing process under the condition of no transition resistor and can avoid the loss and the temporary drop or temporary rise of output voltage caused by the connection of the transition resistor in the on-load tap changing process.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a natural non-circulation regulation and control method for a non-transition resistance on-load tap changer, the non-transition resistance on-load tap changer comprises the following steps:
the load property regulation and control unit is arranged on the secondary side;
the voltage regulating unit is correspondingly connected to each phase of voltage regulating winding on the primary side, has the same structure and comprises four power electronic switches, each power electronic switch consists of two anti-parallel thyristors, one end of each power electronic switch is connected with the voltage regulating winding of the transformer, and the other ends of the power electronic switches are directly connected together in parallel;
the load property regulating and controlling unit is correspondingly provided with three phases which are respectively connected to each phase winding on the secondary side, and has the function of a reactive generator;
the natural circulation-free regulation and control method comprises the following steps:
step 2, setting a voltage threshold value mu and a current threshold value lambda according to the rated voltage and the current of the transformer;
step 3, collecting primary voltage and current, and judging whether boosting or reducing is needed according to the calculated effective value of the voltage;
when the voltage needs to be boosted, whether the current state is in a first conduction state is further judged; if the current state is in the first conduction state, the conduction state of the switch is adjusted to a second conduction state, and the regulation is finished; if the current state is not in the first conduction state, judging whether the current state is in the second conduction state, if so, adjusting the conduction state of the switch to the third conduction state, and finishing the adjustment and control; if the current state is neither in the first conduction state nor in the second conduction state, the output voltage upper limit is reached, and the regulation is finished;
when voltage reduction is needed, whether the current state is in a third conduction state is further judged, if the current state is in the third conduction state, the conduction state of the switch is adjusted to a second conduction state, and the regulation is finished; if the current state is not in the third conducting state, if the current state is in the second conducting state, adjusting the conducting state of the switch to the first conducting state, and finishing the adjustment; if the current state is neither in the third conducting state nor in the second conducting state, the lower limit of the output voltage is reached, and the regulation is finished;
and when the conduction state needs to be changed, adjusting the reactive current instruction of the load property regulation and control unit.
Preferably, the step 3 of adjusting the reactive current command specifically includes:
when the voltage regulation state is detected, gradually increasing the reactive current amplitude, and when the reactive current amplitude is larger than the rated current of the load property regulation and control unit, stopping increasing the reactive current amplitude; and when the voltage regulation state is detected to be separated, gradually reducing the reactive current amplitude, and when the reactive current amplitude is equal to zero, stopping reducing the reactive current amplitude.
Preferably, the number of the voltage regulating units of each phase can be selected according to requirements.
Preferably, the voltage regulating winding includes first winding and second winding, four power electronic switch is first switch, second switch, third switch, fourth switch respectively, the one end of first winding is as the input, and the other end of second winding links to each other with the one end of second switch, and the middle part at first winding is connected to the one end of first switch, and the one end of second winding is as the output, and the other end of second winding links to each other with the one end of third switch, and the middle part at the second winding is connected to fourth switch one end, and the other end of first switch, the other end of second switch, the other end of third switch, the other end of fourth switch link together.
Preferably, when the boost is needed, if the boost is in the first conduction state, after the conditions that the primary side single-phase voltage is less than-mu and the primary side single-phase current is less than-lambda or the primary side single-phase voltage is greater than mu and the primary side single-phase current is greater than lambda are met, the trigger pulse of the second switch is closed, the trigger pulse of the first switch is simultaneously opened, and the conduction state of the switch is adjusted to the second conduction state; if the current state is not in the first conduction state, judging whether the current state is in the second conduction state, if the current state is in the second conduction state, waiting for the conditions that the primary side single-phase voltage is < -mu and the primary side single-phase current is < -lambda, or the primary side single-phase voltage is more than mu and the primary side single-phase current is more than lambda, closing the trigger pulse of the third switch, simultaneously opening the trigger pulse of the fourth switch, and adjusting the conduction state of the switch to the third conduction state;
when voltage reduction is needed, whether the current state is in a third conducting state is further judged, if the current state is in the third conducting state, after the conditions that the primary side single-phase voltage is < -mu > and the primary side single-phase current is greater than lambda or the primary side single-phase voltage is greater than mu and the primary side single-phase current < -lambda are met, the trigger pulse of the fourth switch is closed, the trigger pulse of the third switch is simultaneously opened, and the conducting state of the switch is adjusted to a second conducting state; if the current state is not in the third conducting state, judging whether the current state is in the second conducting state, if the current state is in the second conducting state, waiting for the conditions that the primary side single-phase voltage is < -mu and the primary side single-phase current is greater than lambda, or the primary side single-phase voltage is greater than mu and the primary side single-phase current is < -lambda, closing the trigger pulse of the first switch and simultaneously opening the trigger pulse of the second switch, and adjusting the conducting state of the switch to the first conducting state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the problem of possible short circuit in the on-load voltage regulation process is avoided under the condition of no need of transition resistance, and the 'natural no-circulating current' in the on-load voltage regulation process is realized;
2) the loss and the temporary drop or temporary rise of the output voltage caused by the connection of the transition resistor in the voltage regulating process are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a topological structure diagram of a transition resistance-free on-load tap changer based on power electronics provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a natural no-circulating current regulation principle of the on-load tap changing transformer without transition resistance based on the power electronic device.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the "on-load tap regulation logic" provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the "reactive current magnitude generation logic" provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows the result of the "boost" simulation under the condition of inductive load using the technical solution provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows the "step-down" simulation result under the condition of inductive load by using the technical solution provided by the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows the result of the "boost" simulation under capacitive load conditions using the solution provided by the present invention.
FIG. 8 shows the "step-down" simulation results under capacitive load conditions using the technical solution provided by the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a simulation result of "boosting" under a resistive load condition by using the technical scheme provided by the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a "step-down" simulation result under a resistive load condition by using the technical scheme provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the on-load tap changer without a transition resistor provided by the present invention has a topology structure including: each voltage regulating unit of each phase comprises four power electronic switches (taking phase A as an example, a first switch S)1aA second switch S2aAnd a third switch S3aAnd a fourth switch S4a) Each switch is composed of two anti-parallel thyristors (the number of voltage regulating units of each phase can be set according to the voltage regulating requirement); because the transition resistor is eliminated, one end of each switch in each voltage regulating unit is connected with the voltage regulating winding of the transformer, and the other ends are directly connected together in parallel; referring to fig. 1, the topology structure of the on-load tap changing transformer without the transition resistance based on the power electronic device further includes a load property control unit having a function of a reactive power generator.
Referring to fig. 2, the natural no-circulating current regulation and control method for the on-load tap changer without the transition resistance provided by the present invention is specifically implemented according to the following steps (since the voltage regulation flows of A, B, C three phases are the same, the specific implementation steps are described below by taking phase a as an example):
step 2, setting a voltage threshold value mu and a current threshold value lambda according to the rated voltage and the current of the transformer, wherein the voltage and current threshold values can be set to be 2% -5% of the rated values of the transformer, for example, when the rated voltage is 10kV, the voltage threshold value mu can be selected to be 200V-500V, and when the rated current is 100A, the current threshold value lambda can be selected to be 2A-5A;
step 3, referring to fig. 2, the "on-load voltage regulation and control logic" needs to be acquiredu AX、u BY、u CZ、i A、i BAndi Creferring to the information in fig. 3, the "on-load voltage regulation and control logic" judges whether to need to boost or buck according to the calculated effective value of the voltage; when the voltage is required to be boosted, whether the current state is in the S state or not is further judged2aAnd S3aConducting state if it is at S2aAnd S3aThe on state is that RS =1, and sends the command of 'voltage regulation application' to wait "u AX<-mu andi A<λ, oru AX>Mu andi A>after lambda 'condition is met' turn off S2aTrigger pulses of (2) are simultaneously turned on1aTrigger pulse of (3) to adjust the switch conduction state to "S1aAnd S3aConducting ' and then enabling the RS =0, canceling a ' voltage regulation application ' instruction, and ending the ' on-load voltage regulation and control logic ';
if not at S2aAnd S3aConducting state, when judging whether the current state is at S1aAnd S3aConducting state if it is at S1aAnd S3aThe on state is that RS =1, and sends the command of 'voltage regulation application' to wait "u AX<-mu andi A<λ, oru AX>Mu andi A>s is turned off after lambda condition is met3aTrigger pulses of (2) are simultaneously turned on4aTrigger pulse of (3) to adjust the switch conduction state to "S1aAnd S4aConducting ' and then enabling the RS =0, canceling a ' voltage regulation application ' instruction, and ending the ' on-load voltage regulation and control logic ';
if not at present2aAnd S3aThe conducting state is not in S1aAnd S3aIf the on state indicates that the output voltage reaches the upper limit, the on-load voltage regulation and control logic ends;
when the voltage reduction is needed, whether the current state is in S or not is further judged1aAnd S4aConducting state if it is at S1aAnd S4aThe on state is that RS =1, and sends the command of 'voltage regulation application' to wait "u AX<-mu andi A>λ, oru AX>Mu andi A<s is turned off after the condition λ4aTrigger pulses of (2) are simultaneously turned on3aTrigger pulse of (3) to adjust the switch conduction state to "S1aAnd S3aConducting ", then making RS =0, canceling the instruction of 'voltage regulation application', and ending the 'on-load voltage regulation and control logic';
if not at S1aAnd S4aConducting state, when judging whether the current state is at S1aAnd S3aConducting state if it is at S1aAnd S3aThe on state is that RS =1, and sends the command of 'voltage regulation application' to wait "u AX<-mu andi A>λ, oru AX>Mu andi A<s is turned off after the condition λ1aTrigger pulses of (2) are simultaneously turned on2aTrigger pulse of (3) to adjust the switch conduction state to "S2aAnd S3aConducting ", then making RS =0, canceling the instruction of 'voltage regulation application', and ending the 'on-load voltage regulation and control logic';
if not at present1aAnd S4aThe conducting state is not in S1aAnd S3aIf the on state indicates that the lower limit of the output voltage is reached, the on-load voltage regulation and control logic ends;
according to the above embodiments, referring to fig. 5-10, during the "step-up" and "step-down" processes under inductive, capacitive and resistive loads, not only the continuity of the output voltage of the transformer is ensured, i.e. the on-load voltage regulation is realized, but also the current flowing through the regulating winding during the "step-up" and "step-down" processesi Ar1Andi Ar2the amplitude values of the voltage-regulating transformer are not abnormally increased, namely the 'natural no-circulating current' voltage regulation on load is realized under the condition of no transition resistance;
the above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention, for example, the circuit form of the "load property control unit" in fig. 1 is only a schematic diagram provided by the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea provided by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A natural non-circulation regulation and control method for a non-transition resistance on-load tap changer is characterized in that the non-transition resistance on-load tap changer comprises the following steps:
the load property regulating and controlling unit is arranged on the secondary side;
the voltage regulating unit is correspondingly connected to each phase of voltage regulating winding on the primary side, has the same structure and comprises four power electronic switches, each power electronic switch consists of two anti-parallel thyristors, one end of each power electronic switch is connected with the voltage regulating winding of the transformer, and the other ends of the power electronic switches are directly connected together in parallel;
the load property regulating and controlling unit is correspondingly provided with three phases which are respectively connected to each phase winding on the secondary side, and has the function of a reactive generator;
the natural circulation-free regulation and control method comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing possible conduction states of power electronic switches in a voltage regulating unit in a steady state into a first conduction state, a second conduction state and a third conduction state, wherein secondary side voltages of a transformer are sequentially increased;
step 2, setting a voltage threshold value mu and a current threshold value lambda according to the rated voltage and the current of the transformer;
step 3, collecting primary voltage and current, and judging whether boosting or reducing is needed according to the calculated effective value of the voltage;
when boosting is needed, whether the current state is in a first conduction state is further judged; if the current state is in the first conduction state, the conduction state of the switch is adjusted to a second conduction state, and the regulation is finished; if the current state is not in the first conduction state, judging whether the current state is in the second conduction state, if so, adjusting the conduction state of the switch to the third conduction state, and finishing the adjustment and control; if the current state is neither in the first conduction state nor in the second conduction state, the output voltage upper limit is reached, and the regulation is finished;
when voltage reduction is needed, whether the current state is in a third conducting state or not is further judged, if the current state is in the third conducting state, the conducting state of the switch is adjusted to a second conducting state, and the adjustment is finished; if the current state is not in the third conducting state, if the current state is in the second conducting state, adjusting the conducting state of the switch to the first conducting state, and finishing the adjustment; if the current state is neither in the third conducting state nor in the second conducting state, the lower limit of the output voltage is reached, and the regulation is finished;
and when the conduction state needs to be changed, adjusting the reactive current instruction of the load property regulation and control unit.
2. The natural no-circulating current regulation and control method of the on-load tap changing transformer without the transition resistance according to claim 1, wherein the reactive current instruction in the step 3 is specifically regulated as follows:
when the voltage regulation state is detected, gradually increasing the reactive current amplitude, and when the reactive current amplitude is larger than the rated current of the load property regulation and control unit, stopping increasing the reactive current amplitude; and when the voltage regulation state is detected to be separated, gradually reducing the reactive current amplitude, and when the reactive current amplitude is equal to zero, stopping reducing the reactive current amplitude.
3. The method for naturally regulating and controlling the on-load tap changer without the transition resistance according to claim 1, wherein the number of the voltage regulating units of each phase can be selected according to requirements.
4. The on-load tap changer without transition resistance according to claim 1, wherein the tap windings comprise a first winding and a second winding, four power electronic switches are respectively a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, one end of the first winding is used as an input, the other end of the second winding is connected with one end of the second switch, one end of the first switch is connected to the middle of the first winding, one end of the second winding is used as an output, the other end of the second winding is connected with one end of the third switch, one end of the fourth switch is connected to the middle of the second winding, and the other end of the first switch, the other end of the second switch, the other end of the third switch and the other end of the fourth switch are connected together.
5. The method for naturally regulating and controlling the on-load tap changer without the transition resistance according to claim 4, wherein when the step-up is required, if the step-up is in the first conducting state, the conditions that the primary side single-phase voltage is < -mu and the primary side single-phase current is < -lambda, or the primary side single-phase voltage is greater than mu and the primary side single-phase current is greater than lambda are met, the trigger pulse of the second switch is closed, the trigger pulse of the first switch is simultaneously opened, and the conducting state of the switch is regulated to the second conducting state; if the current state is not in the first conduction state, judging whether the current state is in the second conduction state, if the current state is in the second conduction state, waiting for the conditions that the primary side single-phase voltage is < -mu and the primary side single-phase current is < -lambda, or the primary side single-phase voltage is more than mu and the primary side single-phase current is more than lambda, closing the trigger pulse of the third switch, simultaneously opening the trigger pulse of the fourth switch, and adjusting the conduction state of the switch to the third conduction state;
when voltage reduction is needed, whether the current state is in a third conducting state is further judged, if the current state is in the third conducting state, after the conditions that the primary side single-phase voltage is < -mu > and the primary side single-phase current is greater than lambda or the primary side single-phase voltage is greater than mu and the primary side single-phase current < -lambda are met, the trigger pulse of the fourth switch is closed, the trigger pulse of the third switch is simultaneously opened, and the conducting state of the switch is adjusted to a second conducting state; if the current state is not in the third conducting state, judging whether the current state is in the second conducting state, if the current state is in the second conducting state, waiting for the conditions that the primary side single-phase voltage is < -mu and the primary side single-phase current is greater than lambda, or the primary side single-phase voltage is greater than mu and the primary side single-phase current is < -lambda, closing the trigger pulse of the first switch and simultaneously opening the trigger pulse of the second switch, and adjusting the conducting state of the switch to the first conducting state.
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CN201260154Y (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-06-17 | 张伟 | Light control loaded switch |
CN112383068A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-19 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Transformer with on-load voltage regulation quick switch and output voltage control method thereof |
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CN201260154Y (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2009-06-17 | 张伟 | Light control loaded switch |
CN112383068A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-19 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Transformer with on-load voltage regulation quick switch and output voltage control method thereof |
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