JPH0828122B2 - Indoor lighting experimental apparatus and presentation method - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an experimental apparatus capable of variously changing the lighting conditions of an indoor lighting facility such as an office or a house, and an illumination environment under the same conditions as the actual lighting environment using the experimental apparatus. Is about how to present.

Conventional technology In order to establish design and evaluation techniques for indoor lighting facilities such as offices and houses, it is necessary to experimentally examine what kind of lighting conditions those lighting facilities should have. For that purpose, we show many observers various illumination conditions that change the illuminance and its distribution on the work surface and wall surface, the brightness characteristics of the luminaire, and collect experimental data that subjectively evaluates their goodness and badness. A study based on this is necessary. Conventionally, when performing such a subjective evaluation experiment,
(1) A method to accompany an observer to the actual lighting facility and evaluate it at the site, (2) Various lighting conditions are changed by dimming the ceiling lighting fixture of the actual lighting facility or replacing the lighting fixture. , How to let the observer evaluate it,
(3) A method of presenting various illumination conditions using a reduced model or an image processing device and allowing an observer to evaluate the illumination conditions has been used.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention As described above, when performing a subjective evaluation experiment in which the lighting conditions are variously changed in the indoor lighting, conventionally, (1) a method of bringing an observer to an actual lighting facility and performing evaluation on the spot,
(2) A method of changing the lighting conditions variously by dimming the lighting fixtures of the ceiling of the actual lighting facility or changing the lighting fixtures, and allowing an observer to evaluate the lighting conditions. (3) Illumination using a reduction model or an image processing device One of various methods has been used, in which the condition is changed variously and the observer evaluates it.

However, each method had the following problems.

The method of (1) requires time and expense for the movement of the observer, it is not possible to collect a large amount of experimental data, and the lighting conditions can be changed as the experimenter intends because the existing lighting facility is used. Can not.

The method (2) requires a large-scale space, which is the same as that of an actual office or house, and requires changing the lighting equipment on the ceiling in order to change various lighting conditions such as the brightness of the lighting equipment. And labor is required.

The method (3) can switch various lighting conditions with a simple operation, but since it lacks the realism and stereoscopic effect of an actual lighting facility, the experimental results can be applied to the actual lighting facility as it is. Can not.

As mentioned above, the conventional method does not allow experiments in a narrow space in the laboratory, it is not possible to set the lighting conditions such as the illuminance in the room and the brightness of the luminaire with simple operations, like the actual lighting facility. There was a problem that a three-dimensional effect and a sense of reality could not be obtained.

Means for solving the problems The requirements of the experimental apparatus for solving the above problems are that the experiment can be performed in a small space in the laboratory and the three-dimensional effect and the realistic sensation of an actual lighting facility can be obtained. It is possible to set various lighting conditions such as the brightness of the device by a simple operation.

In order to satisfy the above requirements, the perspective drawing method was applied to see through an indoor lighting facility of actual size so that experiments could be performed in a small space in the laboratory.

The perspective drawing method is a method of drawing a figure at the point where the line of sight connecting the fixed point representing the position of the single eye and each point of the object intersects this screen with a certain plane as the screen (perspective surface), and the shape and perspective of the object are actually It is drawn so that it can be seen with the eyes. If this perspective surface is set at a position close to the observer, the perspective image of the object will be smaller, but the shape and perspective of the object will look like they are looking at the real thing. On the other hand, since humans see with both eyes, the image seen by the right eye and the image seen by the left eye are different, and the perspective and the depth are judged by the shift between the left and right images. A near object has a large shift between left and right images, so that the perspective and depth can be accurately determined, but a distant object has a small shift, so that the perspective and depth cannot be accurately determined. Therefore, in order to prevent the perspective and stereoscopic effect from being impaired when viewed with both eyes, it is necessary to make the closer the object to the actual size.

Therefore, the perspective living room of the present invention is assumed to be a virtual living room of a certain specific size including a virtual front wall surface, a virtual side wall surface, a virtual ceiling surface, and a virtual floor surface of an office, a house, etc. Provided at a position closer to the virtual front wall surface than the distance from the virtual observation point to the virtual front wall surface when observing the virtual front wall surface from the virtual observation point so as to intersect the virtual front wall surface at right angles. Observe a cross section of a perspective front wall obtained when seen through a projection plane parallel to the virtual front wall, and a plane parallel to the virtual front wall that includes a predetermined perspective observation point and cuts the virtual living room. When viewed as a surface, the transparent ceiling surface is formed by at least a part of a plane having the upper side of the transparent front wall surface and the upper side of the viewing surface as the lower side and the upper side, respectively, and the vertical side of the transparent front wall surface and the vertical side of the viewing surface. And two transparent side wall surfaces each of which is a vertical side, and a transparent floor including at least a part of a plane of which a lower side of the transparent front wall surface and a lower side of the observation surface are upper sides and lower sides, respectively. And a transparent illuminator is arranged on the transparent ceiling surface at a position where the virtual illuminator on the virtual ceiling surface is seen through. By doing so, the closer the object is to the observer, the closer it is to the actual size, and the perspective, stereoscopic effect, and realism of the actual object are not impaired.

To satisfy the above conditions, the following measures were used. Depending on the characteristics of the luminaire, there are those that radiate the same amount of light in any direction, and those that diverge a large amount of light downward and hardly diverge in the lateral direction. Therefore, the brightness is different, and the illuminance at each point in the living room is different even if the number and arrangement are the same. The characteristics of such a luminaire are represented by the light distribution. FIG. 1 shows the light distribution of an illuminating device as an example, which shows the luminous flux at each emission angle when the total luminous flux is 1000 lm. Depending on the light distribution, the size of the living room, the reflectance of the interior, and the arrangement of lighting equipment determine the illuminance at each point in the living room. Furthermore, if the observation direction is determined, the brightness of the lighting fixture is also uniquely determined.

Therefore, in the present invention, with respect to the illuminance of the see-through room, the illuminance light source is used to adjust the illuminance of each see-through point of the see-through room so that the illuminance is the same as the illuminance of each virtual point of the virtual room where a predetermined lighting device is attached. However, regarding the brightness of the perspective lighting equipment,
The brightness of the transparent lighting device is adjusted using a brightness light source so that the brightness is the same as the brightness of a predetermined lighting device when observed from a virtual observation point of the virtual living room, and the illuminance and the transparent lighting of the transparent living room are controlled. By separating the brightness of the fixture so as not to affect each other, the same condition as the illumination environment of the virtual living room illuminated by the predetermined lighting fixture set in the virtual living room is presented to the see-through living room.

Effect The present invention can change the illumination conditions in various ways by the above-described means, and can present the same conditions as the actual illumination environment.

Example An example of the indoor lighting experimental apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIG.
In FIG. 2, 1 is a see-through room, 2 is a light control unit, and 3 is a control unit. Further, a detailed view of the transparent living room and the virtual living room of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4 is a virtual living room, 5 is a virtual lighting device, 6
Is a virtual front wall surface, 7 is a virtual side wall surface, 8 is a virtual ceiling surface, 9
Is a virtual floor surface, 10 is a transparent lighting fixture, 11 is a transparent front wall surface, 12
Is a transparent side wall surface, 13 is a transparent ceiling surface, and 14 is a transparent floor surface.
Further, FIG. 4 shows a detailed sectional view of the transparent ceiling surface of the transparent living room of the present invention. Reference numeral 15 is a light source for illuminance, and 16 is a light source for luminance of a lighting fixture.

Next, the configuration of the embodiment of the indoor lighting experimental apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG.

The perspective living room 1 of the present embodiment is assumed to be a virtual living room 4 of an office having a specific dimension including a virtual front wall surface 6, a virtual side wall surface 7, a virtual ceiling surface 8 and a virtual floor surface 9. When the line of sight from a specific virtual observation point to the virtual front wall surface 6 is observed so as to intersect perpendicularly to the virtual front wall surface 6,
A virtual front wall surface 6 is provided at a position closer to the virtual front wall surface 6 than the virtual front wall surface 6, and a perspective front wall surface 11 parallel to the virtual front wall surface 6 is seen through. When a plane provided in parallel with the virtual front wall surface 6 is taken as the observation plane, the upper surface of the transparent front wall surface 11 and the upper surface of the observation surface are at least a part of the plane. The transparent ceiling surface 13, the two transparent side wall surfaces formed of at least a part of a plane having the vertical sides of the transparent front wall surface 11 and the vertical side of the observation surface, respectively, and the lower side of the transparent front wall surface and the observation surface. Perspective floor surface consisting of at least part of a plane with the lower side as the upper side and the lower side as the lower side
The transparent lighting fixture 10 is disposed on the transparent ceiling surface 13 at a position where the virtual lighting fixture 5 is seen through on the virtual ceiling surface 8. The transparent lighting fixture 10 in the transparent living room 1 is composed of a light source 15 for illuminance in the transparent living room and a light source 16 for brightness of the transparent lighting fixture.

The indoor lighting experimental apparatus of the present invention includes the above-mentioned perspective living room 1,
A light control unit 2 for individually controlling the output of the illuminance light source 16 and the output of the brightness light source 15 of the lighting fixture for each of the perspective lighting fixtures 10,
The control unit 3 controls the light control unit 2.

The operation of the indoor lighting experimental apparatus of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2, 3, and 4.

Signals corresponding to the outputs of the light source 16 for brightness and the light source 15 for illuminance of each lighting fixture are sent from the control unit 3 to the light control unit 2, and the light control unit 2
Then, this signal is converted into a voltage corresponding to the signal, and the voltage is applied to the luminance light source 16 of each luminaire in the transparent room 1.
And the light source 15 for illuminance. Luminance light source 16
The illuminance light source 15 emits light in accordance with the applied voltage, and gives the brightness of the fluoroscopic lighting fixture 10 and the illuminance in the fluoroscopic living room 1, respectively.

FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the virtual living room 4 and the transparent living room 1 seen through it. Further, FIG. 6 shows the luminance characteristics obtained by converting the light distribution of the predetermined lighting device shown as an example in FIG. 1 into luminance.

The fifth embodiment of the illumination environment presentation method of the present invention will be described below.
This will be described with reference to FIG. 6 and FIG.

First, the brightness of a predetermined lighting fixture is obtained. When viewed from the observation point in Fig. 5, the radiation angle of each luminaire is 45, 68, 76, 80, 83, 84, and 85 degrees from the front, so use Fig. 6. The brightness corresponding to each radiation angle is 4300, 5000, 4300, 3000, 1800, 1500, 1300 cd / m ²
Can be read. These intensities correspond to the intensities of the respective perspective luminaires.

Next, the illuminance at each point in the transparent living room 1 is obtained. In general, illuminance is determined by the number and arrangement of lighting equipment, the size of the living room, and the reflectance of the interior. When the luminaire with the brightness characteristics shown in FIG. 6 and the interior with the standard reflectance are used in the transparent living room 1, the illuminance of the work surface 80 cm above the floor directly under the luminaire is about 10
It is calculated to be 00lx. When the brightness of each fluoroscopic lighting fixture 10 and the illuminance of the fluoroscopic living room 1 obtained as described above are input to the control unit 3, the control unit 3 sends a signal according to each value to the dimming unit 2. In the dimming unit 2, this signal is converted into a voltage, and this voltage is used as the luminance light source of each lighting fixture.
16 and each light source 15 for each illuminance, and each light source emits light. When viewed from the observation point, it looks like the same lighting environment as the lighting environment actually installed on the ceiling.

In this way, not only can various lighting conditions be presented using this experimental apparatus and presentation method, but the characteristics of the lighting fixture can also be determined by setting the outputs of the luminance light source and illuminance light source of the lighting fixture according to the light distribution of the lighting fixture. Can be presented.

Advantageous Effects of Invention It is possible to present lighting conditions in which the lighting conditions of an indoor lighting facility such as an office or a house are variously changed, and it is possible to present a lighting environment under the same conditions as an actual lighting environment using various lighting fixtures. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a light distribution diagram of a predetermined lighting device shown as an example, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an indoor lighting experimental apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a detailed view of a perspective living room and a virtual living room according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective ceiling surface of the perspective living room of the present invention. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a virtual living room and a see-through living room in which the virtual living room is seen through, and FIG. 6 is a luminance characteristic diagram obtained by converting the light distribution of a predetermined lighting device shown in FIG. 1 into luminance. is there. 1 ... Transparent living room, 2 ... Dimming section, 3 ... Control section, 4 ...
Virtual living room, 5 ... Virtual lighting equipment, 6 ... Virtual front wall surface,
7 ... Virtual side wall surface, 8 ... Virtual ceiling surface, 9 ... Virtual floor surface, 10 ... Perspective lighting fixture, 11 ... Perspective front wall surface, 12 ...
Transparent side wall surface, 13 ... Transparent ceiling surface, 14 ... Transparent floor surface, 15 ...
… Light source for illuminance, 16 …… Light source for brightness of lighting equipment.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A virtual living room of a specific size, which is composed of a virtual front wall surface, a virtual side wall surface, a virtual ceiling surface, and a virtual floor surface of an office or a house, and which is provided with a virtual lighting device on the virtual ceiling surface, From a specific virtual observation point in the virtual living room to the virtual front wall surface when the line of sight is observed to intersect the virtual front wall surface perpendicularly, from the virtual observation point to the virtual front wall surface with respect to the virtual front wall surface A perspective front wall surface obtained when seen through on a projection plane parallel to the virtual front wall surface provided at a position closer than the distance, and a plane provided in parallel with the virtual front wall surface further including a predetermined perspective observation point. When a cross section that cuts the virtual living room is used as an observation surface, a perspective ceiling surface formed of at least a part of a plane having an upper side of the transparent front wall surface and an upper side of the observation surface, respectively, and the transparent front surface. Two transparent side wall surfaces formed of at least a part of a plane having vertical sides of the vertical side of the observation plane and vertical sides of the observation plane, an upper side and a lower side of the lower side of the transparent front wall surface and the lower side of the observation plane, respectively. And a perspective floor surface formed of at least a part of a flat surface, and the perspective ceiling surface is provided with a perspective living room configured by arranging the perspective lighting fixture at a position where the virtual lighting fixture of the virtual ceiling surface is seen through. The transparent lighting fixture in the transparent living room is composed of a light source for illuminance and a light source for brightness, and a dimming unit for individually adjusting the output of the light source for illuminance and the output of the light source for brightness for each of the transparent lighting fixtures. And an indoor lighting experimental apparatus, which has a control unit for controlling the light control unit. 2. The indoor lighting experimental apparatus according to claim 1,
Regarding the illuminance of the transparent living room, the illuminance at the virtual point of the virtual room where a predetermined lighting fixture is installed is the same as the illuminance at each virtual point of the virtual room. Is set by dimming, and the brightness of the transparent lighting fixture is the same as the brightness value of the predetermined virtual lighting fixture when observed from a virtual observation point of the virtual living room. Set the brightness by dimming the light source for the brightness of the lighting equipment provided in the transparent lighting equipment, and set the illuminance of these transparent living rooms and the brightness of the transparent lighting equipment separately so that they do not affect each other. According to the present invention, the interior lighting presentation method is characterized in that the same condition as the illumination environment of the virtual living room illuminated by a predetermined lighting device installed in the virtual living room is presented to the perspective living room.