JPH08280758A - State monitoring device and bed using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a state monitoring crevice capable of monitoring the state of a person lying on a bed and automatically reporting to a remote location (nurse station) or the like at the time of abnormality/emergency. CONSTITUTION: A vibration sensor 2 is provided on the bottom surface of this bed 1, the vibration of the bed accompanying the movement of a patient 5 lying on the bed is detected and the vibration waveform is sent to a controller 3. In the controller 3, a threshold value processing is performed to the vibration waveform. In the case of large vibration, since it is the case of consciously knocking the bed or violently moving, it is judged that the patient is in some kind of an abnormal state and the abnormality is reported to a person standing by in the remote location (nurse station) by displaying a judged result on a monitor 4a and outputting sound (generating a buzzer) through a speaker 4b. Especially, since reporting is performed by clapping hands, the need of a conventional processing such as the pressing of the switch of a bell or the like is eliminated and calling is performed more quickly while lying on the bed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a condition monitoring device and a bed using the same, and more particularly to a device for detecting the condition of an object on the bed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, an inpatient in a hospital, as a means for informing a nurse or the like in a nurse station when he or she feels something abnormal when sleeping on his or her bed, Generally, this is done by pressing a doorbell switch installed beside the bed. In addition, in the hospital, the condition of the patient is confirmed by regular patrols by doctors and / or nurses, and if an abnormality is found, a prescribed treatment is performed.

[0003]

However, for example, when it is dark at night, the doorbell switch cannot be found, or the patient's condition suddenly changes to such an extent that the switch cannot be moved to the place, and the patient slumps on the bed. There are cases where it will end up. In such a case, the patient cannot inform the nurse or the like of the abnormality. Further, in the confirmation of the condition of the patient by patrol, the situation cannot be grasped in real time, and there is a possibility that the processing may be delayed in the case of an emergency as described above.

In order to promptly respond to an emergency such as an abnormal situation as described above, it is necessary to constantly monitor the inside of the patient's room. Also, if there is a patient who needs to be in bed (should not wander around the hospital) due to type of illness or other factors, it is necessary to monitor whether or not the patient is in bed. As a solution to this problem, for example, a TV camera may be installed in a patient's room to monitor the monitor. However, such a method is complicated and cannot be put to practical use because of the problem of privacy invasion and the monitor must be constantly monitored.

In addition, in the event of a disaster, it is necessary to ensure the safety of the patient when it is easy to get out of bed or when the person is bedridden. However, at present, there is a bed system that takes this point into consideration. Absent.

The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and an object thereof is to solve the above problems, and usually there is no privacy problem, and in the case of an abnormality or emergency such as a change in state. It is an object of the present invention to provide a state monitoring device capable of automatically notifying a remote place (nurse station) or the like, detecting a disaster such as an earthquake, and issuing a control signal to a predetermined bed. Furthermore, based on the control signal from the status monitoring device, it is easier for people who can walk during a disaster (especially earthquake) to get out of bed, and when it is difficult to walk, protect from falling objects. It is to provide a bed that can.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in a condition monitoring device according to the present invention, a vibration sensor arranged at a predetermined position of a bed and a sensor output given from the vibration sensor are received, Determination means for determining the state of the object on the bed based on the sensor output,
An output device for outputting the determination result is provided.

The determining means is for detecting an abnormal state such as at least hitting the bed or moving violently on the bed, and based on at least the instantaneous value level from the waveform data based on the sensor output, A device that detects the above-mentioned abnormal state can be used. Further, as another configuration of the determination means,
A plurality of threshold values may be provided, and at least the abnormal state, the normal state, and the absence of an object may be discriminated from each other by comparing the threshold values with the waveform data based on the sensor output. Further, as another configuration of the determination unit, at least the abnormal state and the earthquake can be determined by extracting a predetermined feature amount from the waveform data based on the sensor output and performing a determination process. Good.

On the other hand, in the bed according to the present invention, among the status monitoring devices of the various configurations described above, a status monitoring device capable of discriminating even an earthquake is built into the bed, and based on the earthquake detection signal output from the monitoring device. It was made possible to perform predetermined control and operation. That is, the above-mentioned predetermined state monitoring device is provided on a bed equipped with a drive device that automatically changes the posture and state of the bed such as the inclination and height of the bed. Then, the drive device is operated based on the detection signal output when the state monitoring device detects an earthquake, and the posture / state of the bed of the bed is changed.

As another configuration, a protective member that is made to stand by at a predetermined position around the bed during normal times and moves to a position that covers a predetermined space above the bed based on a predetermined control signal, and the protective member. And a moving device for moving. Then, the moving device is operated based on the detection signal output when the state monitoring device detects an earthquake, and the protection member is moved.

[0011]

When the patient or the like moves on the bed, the bed vibrates accordingly, and the vibration sensor detects the vibration. The vibration waveform also differs depending on the type of operation. That is, when the player hits or moves violently, the level of the sensor output increases, and when it moves quietly, the level of the sensor output also decreases. The sensor output is zero or very small because it does not vibrate when the user leaves the bed. Therefore, the state of the object on the bed can be known by performing a predetermined determination process on the basis of the vibration waveform by the determination means.

In a hospital or the like, if the judging means can detect at least an abnormal condition being hit, it can be used in place of the calling switch, and it is difficult to confirm the position of the switch at night or the switch cannot be confirmed. Even if it is out of reach, you can contact someone who is waiting in a remote place such as a nurse station while lying asleep.

In the bed of claim 5, the posture of the bed automatically changes when an earthquake is detected. To give an example of this, the upper part of the body rises from the state where it was naturally asleep due to the lowering of the bed and the approach to the floor surface, and the backrest rising. Therefore, it is easier to get out of bed and you can evacuate smoothly. In the bed according to claim 6, when an earthquake is detected, the protective member moves onto the bed, so that a fallen object does not hit a sleeping person even if sleeping on the bed, and safety is secured. .

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a condition monitoring device and a bed using the same according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a state monitoring device according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the state monitoring device according to the present embodiment has a vibration sensor 2 fixed to the bottom surface of a bed 1.
And a controller 3 that receives the output (waveform signal) of the vibration sensor and performs a predetermined process to determine the state, and an output device 4 that outputs the determination result of the controller 3. The configuration of each part is as follows.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the bed 1 has a bed 1c made of wood and a futon 1c placed on the bottom plate 1a via a mattress 1b. The bottom plate 1a is supported by legs 1d. The vibration sensor 2 is installed at the center of the bottom surface of the bottom plate 1a.

As the vibration sensor 2, various types such as a piezoelectric type and a semiconductor sensor type can be used, and the vibration and size (amplitude) of the object to be measured (bottom plate 1a of the bed 1).
The vibration waveform that follows (corresponds to) is output. Then, the output of the vibration sensor 2 is given to the controller 3, and a predetermined process is performed on the signal waveform thereof. When a semiconductor sensor of capacitance type or the like is used, the inclination can be measured.

As shown in FIG. 3, the controller 3 is composed of an amplifier circuit 3a, a rectifying / filtering circuit 3b and a judging circuit 3c which are connected in series. That is, since the output of the vibration sensor 2 is small, it is amplified by the amplifier circuit 3a and the amplified waveform is given to the rectification / filter circuit 3b of the next stage. Further, in the present example, it is possible to output to the monitor 4a that constitutes the output device 4.

The rectifying / filtering circuit 3b mainly has a low-pass filter in this embodiment. That is, in the case of the vibration sensor 2, a high frequency component of about several kHz is also detected, but the vibration required by the present invention is due to human motion and is several tens of Hz. Therefore, the high-frequency component can be regarded as an unnecessary signal such as noise. Therefore, the rectification / filter circuit 3b performs rectification and filtering (using a low-pass filter) to extract a signal component required for determination. I have to.

Further, the judging circuit 3c is adapted to discriminate into three groups based on two threshold values (first threshold value <second threshold value). Then, the input signal is compared with the two threshold values. When the input signal is smaller than the lower first threshold value, it is determined that there is no patient on the bed or the patient is in a stationary state. When the input signal is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, it is determined that the patient is on the bed but is in a resting state such as quietly moving on the bed. Further, when the input signal is larger than the second threshold value, it is determined as an abnormal state / emergency situation in which the patient is moving vigorously on the bed or the patient is hitting the bed.

The output device 4 is used to inform the observer of the determination result. That is, for example, in the case of an emergency situation that is greater than the second threshold value, a sound (buzzer) is sounded through the speaker 4b that constitutes the output device 4, and the person who is far from the place where the output device 4 is installed is also emergency I am trying to let you know that it is a situation. At this time, at the same time, a predetermined message and determination contents are displayed on the monitor 4a. Further, in general, when the value is equal to or less than the second threshold value, it is not an emergency situation, so that only the output is made to the monitor 4b (as a matter of course, audio output may be made).

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. The vibration sensor 2 constantly detects the vibration of the bed 1,
The detection result is transferred to the controller 3. The vibration waveform as the sensor output is different when the patient 5 is sleeping on the bed 1 and when it is not present. Even if the patient 5 is on the bed 1, the vibration waveform is also different depending on the state at that time. different. Examples of the correlation between the state and the vibration waveform are as shown in FIGS. 4 to 9.

FIG. 4 shows a case in which the patient 5 is not on the bed 1, of course, no vibration occurs, and the sensor output becomes almost linear. 5 to 8 show that the patient 5 is on the bed 1,
This is an example of a case where the states are different, and in the case of a stationary state such as sleeping without doing anything, it vibrates slightly as shown in FIG. 5, but its amplitude is also small. Further, when the limbs are shaken (not hit) or the head is shaken quietly on the bed 1, as shown in FIG. 6, it vibrates with the movement and its amplitude is also compared to that at the time of rest. Although it becomes large, it is absolutely small.

On the other hand, when the bed 1 violently moves on the bed 1 or turns over due to pain or the like, the bed 1 also vibrates greatly, and the sensor output also has a violent vibration waveform as shown in FIG. That is, the amplitude is large and relatively continuous. Further, when the patient 5 hits the bed 1, a portion having a large amplitude (when hitting) and a portion having a small amplitude are periodically generated, as shown in FIG.

Further, when the bed 1 tilts, the sensor output level decreases as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, since the weight portion is installed horizontally so that the receiving sensitivity of the sensor becomes the best in the vertical direction, that state receives the gravitational acceleration most. Therefore, when the bed is tilted, the influence of gravitational acceleration is reduced, and the output is also reduced.

The various vibration waveforms exemplified above are amplified by the amplifier circuit of the controller 3, rectified by the rectification / filter circuit 3b, and noise is removed. Then, FIG.
The vibration waveforms shown in FIG. 9 are as shown in FIG. Then, as is apparent from the figure, by setting the first and second threshold values to appropriate values, it is possible to distinguish between the normal state, the absence, and the emergency abnormal state by a simple threshold value process.

Since the threshold value processing is performed in this embodiment, it is impossible to discriminate between striking motion and striking due to calling, but in both cases, the patient 5 does not know what to do. It is highly probable that the nurse had an anomaly, so the nurse at the nurse station needs to rush to the room. Therefore, there is no problem in practice because it is not necessary to discriminate the violent movement from when the player hits the bed. Therefore,
The discrimination algorithm has been simplified to make the system lighter and to discriminate accurately and quickly.

Therefore, for example, even if the location of the call switch is unknown (when it is dark at night, etc.) or even the patient 5 who has a hand injury and cannot operate the switch, hits the bed with his hands or feet. The nurse station (nurse, etc.) can be called up only by itself, and the patient 5 can easily inform the nurse station of his / her abnormality while lying down (without moving). Also,
For example, if the person is sleeping at night, the movement will be quiet in the normal state, but if it is determined that there is intense movement, it can be predicted that the patient's condition has changed suddenly.

If it is determined that there is no vibration (less than or equal to the first threshold value), there is a high possibility that the patient is not on the bed (wandering around). Therefore, depending on the situation, the patient must be searched for. Absent. That is, in this embodiment, presence / absence of presence on the bed can be monitored. However, unlike the monitoring by the television monitor, it is not possible to know what the patient is doing merely by knowing the presence / absence, so there is no privacy problem.

In the above embodiment, it is possible to judge whether or not there is an abnormal situation and whether or not there is a patient, and notify the nurse when the nurse is at the patient or when any treatment is necessary. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is not limited to this, and only one of the thresholds is used to detect an abnormal situation (second
(Uses a threshold value) only, or only detects whether or not a patient is on the bed (uses a first threshold value), and a threshold value of 3 or more is used. The value may be used to perform finer discrimination.

Further, as the determination algorithm in the determination circuit, the threshold value processing is performed in the above-mentioned embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a predetermined characteristic amount is extracted, and the extracted characteristic amount is extracted. More detailed determination may be performed based on

As an example, in order to discriminate between "vigorous movement" and "beating on the bed", for example, the sensor output (after passing through the filter) is set to n per unit time.
Of the values obtained by sampling, the number of data exceeding the second threshold value is counted, and if the number of data is a certain value or more, it is judged as "vigorous movement", and if the number of data is small, "beat the bed is hit. Can be determined.

Further, by improving the algorithm of the judgment circuit 3c, it is possible to detect an earthquake or the like.
That is, when the vibration waveform detected by the vibration sensor 2 at the time of earthquake occurrence is amplified and passed through the rectifying / filtering circuit 3b, waveform data as shown in FIG. 11, for example, is obtained. Although the specific waveforms are different, there is a feature in the case of an earthquake that "the number of times of exceeding the threshold value is large and the maximum value of the time of exceeding the threshold value is large". Here, the threshold crossing time means the time during which the waveform data continuously exceeds the threshold value as shown in FIG. 11, and the number of times the threshold value is crossed continuously exceeds the threshold value. It means the total number obtained by counting the number of waveform portions being counted as one and counting it per unit time (can be obtained by half the number of intersections of the threshold and the waveform). Therefore, it is different from the “number of data acquired by sampling” performed in order to discriminate between “striking” and “vigorous movement” described in the above modification.

Further, according to the definition of the number of times the threshold is exceeded and the time for which the threshold is exceeded, looking at the waveform data shown in FIG. 10, when the bed is tapped to call, the amplitude is given each time the tap is made. A large vibration appears, and it is a small vibration until the next hit, so the time to exceed the threshold once is short, but the number of times the threshold is exceeded is large due to repeated hits. Become. On the other hand, in the case of vigorous movement, since the vibration continuously occurs, the threshold crossing time is long, but the threshold crossing frequency is short.

Therefore, according to the rules shown in Table 1 below, "earthquake", "hit (call) bed" and "vigorous movement" can be discriminated.

[0035]

[Table 1] Then, in the determination circuit 3c, according to the above rule,
Judgment processing will be performed. Note that the determination process may be performed by further creating a predetermined membership function and using fuzzy inference, or a threshold for distinguishing the number of times the threshold is exceeded and the threshold crossing time. It is also possible to obtain a threshold value for distinguishing each and to discriminate into crisps according to the threshold value, and any method can be adopted. In the latter case, for example, it can be implemented by a combination of a comparator and an AND element, or can be implemented by software.

If the earthquake can be discriminated in this manner, the nurse or the like can perform a predetermined process for safely evacuating the patient when there is an alarm for notifying the earthquake. It can be done smoothly.

FIG. 12 shows a bed according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The bed 10 used in this embodiment is
The bed 11 is divided at the central portion in the longitudinal direction, the upper back portion 11a stands up with the rotation of the drive motor 12, and the patient 14 sleeping on the bed 10 naturally stands up because the back portion 11a stands up. As a result, the upper body of oneself also gets up and it becomes easier to get out of the bed 10. Then, normally, the driver 16 for controlling the rotation of the drive motor 12 is operated by turning on / off the operation switch 15, and a current in a predetermined direction is supplied to the drive motor 12 to rotate the drive motor 12.

Here, in this embodiment, the output signal from the above-mentioned state monitoring device 18 is input to the driver 16. The signal input to the driver 16 is an earthquake detection signal. That is, as described in the above-described modified embodiment, the occurrence of an earthquake can be determined by extracting the feature amount from the output waveform of the vibration sensor 2 and making a determination according to the rules shown in Table 1. Then, when it is determined that there is an earthquake, a detection signal is output to the driver 16. Then, the driver 16 receives the detection signal and receives the signal shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2 (B), the drive motor 12 is driven so that the backrest 11a stands upright. As a result, the backrest portion 11a of the bed 10 automatically rises during an earthquake, so that the patient 14 can easily get off the bed and can quickly evacuate. Further, in this example, the backrest portion 11a
The height of the bed itself may be lowered if an earthquake detection signal is received.

13 and 14 show a second embodiment of the bed according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a semi-cylindrical protective cover 20 is arranged below the bed 10. The protective cover 20 is connected via an arm 22 to a rotary shaft 21 that is placed in contact with the center of the bottom surface of the bed 10, and is rotatable about the rotary shaft 21. The rotation is performed by receiving the rotational force of the drive motor 24 installed under the bed 10.

Although not shown, the rotational drive of the drive motor 24 is controlled on the basis of an earthquake detection signal output from the condition monitoring apparatus according to the present invention as in the first embodiment described above. That is, normally, as shown in FIG. 13, the protective cover 20 is housed under the bed, and when the earthquake occurs, the drive motor 24 that has received the detection signal rotates by a predetermined amount. It rotates and is positioned so as to cover the upper part of the bed 10 as shown in FIG. As a result, the patient 14 is located under the protective cover 20 and is thus protected from falling objects. With such a configuration, in the case of a patient who is difficult to walk by himself / herself, it is possible to stand by on the bed 10 with peace without hitting a falling object until the rescuer comes.

The protective cover is not limited to the above-mentioned semi-cylindrical shape, but various shapes can be used. In the illustrated example, the protective cover is completely covered. Then, the rotation angle may be made slightly smaller to cover, for example, about 2/3 of the upper space. Further, in this embodiment, a relatively hard material is used, but a net shape, a wire mesh shape or the like may be used.
Furthermore, it may be configured as an airbag installed in a car, and normally, it is stored (it is placed in a place where it does not disturb) normally, and if an earthquake detection signal is received, Any protective member may be used as long as it is a protective member that projects to a predetermined position so that a falling object does not fall on the sleeping patient.

[0042]

As described above, in the condition monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, the vibration of the bed is detected by the vibration sensor, and the reason for the vibration of the bed is determined based on the vibration waveform. That is, for example, when an abnormal condition such as hitting the bed or moving violently on the bed is detected, it is possible to notify a person who is in a remote place such as a nurse station in a hospital, etc. Can be communicated to. Therefore, the abnormality can be promptly notified by replacing or using the call switch conventionally installed in the hospital. Further, since the abnormal state is automatically transmitted, the abnormality can be surely transmitted even when the conventional switch cannot be pushed (the position of the switch cannot be moved to, the hand cannot be used, etc.). Also,
There is no privacy problem because only the presence / absence of vibration can be detected and details such as what is being done cannot be detected.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, in addition to monitoring the condition of the person sleeping on the bed, a disaster such as an earthquake can be detected and a control signal can be issued to a predetermined bed. Along with that, appropriate measures such as evacuation guidance can be promptly performed.

Further, in the bed which receives the control signal (earthquake detection signal) from the condition monitoring device, the posture / state of the bed is changed to make it easier to get out of the bed (Claim 5), and as in Claim 6. With this configuration, even if there is a fallen object, it does not hit the person sleeping on the bed just by hitting the protection member, and even a person who has difficulty walking can wait in the bed until the rescuer comes.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing a preferred embodiment of a condition monitoring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the bed portion.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a controller.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a sensor output.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a sensor output.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a sensor output.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a sensor output.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a sensor output.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a sensor output.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a filter output.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a filter output.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a first embodiment of the bed according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a second embodiment of the bed according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a view showing a second embodiment of the bed according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Bed 2 Vibration Sensor 3 Controller 3c Judgment Circuit 4 Output Device 5 Patient (Object) 10 Bed 11 Bed 11a Backrest 12 Drive Motor 14 Patient 18 Condition Monitoring Device

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A vibration sensor arranged at a predetermined position of a bed, a judgment means for receiving a sensor output given from the vibration sensor, and judging the state of an object on the bed based on the sensor output, A state monitoring device including an output device that outputs a determination result. 2. The determining means detects an abnormal state such as at least hitting the bed or moving violently on the bed, wherein at least an instantaneous value level is used as a reference from waveform data based on the sensor output, The condition monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the abnormal condition is detected. 3. The determination means has a plurality of threshold values, and discriminates at least the abnormal state, the normal state, and the absence of an object from the comparison between the threshold values and the waveform data based on the sensor output. The condition monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the condition monitoring device is enabled. 4. The determination means is capable of determining at least the abnormal state and an earthquake by extracting a predetermined feature amount from waveform data based on the sensor output and performing determination processing. 1. The condition monitoring device according to 1. 5. A bed provided with a drive device for automatically changing the posture / state such as the inclination and height of a bed, wherein the state monitoring device according to claim 4 is provided, and the state monitoring device detects an earthquake. A bed in which the drive device is operated based on a detection signal output when the bed is turned to change the posture / state of the bed of the bed. 6. A bed provided with the state monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein the bed is made to stand by at a predetermined position around the bed during normal times, and a predetermined space above the bed is covered based on a predetermined control signal. A protective member that moves to a position and a moving device that moves the protective member are provided, and the moving device is operated based on a detection signal output when the condition monitoring device detects an earthquake, A bed that was made to move.