JPH08278014A - Method of incineration treatment of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide the incineration treatment method of waste, which is capable of burning combustible gas completely even in the final stage of dry distillation when remaining waste is carbonized by the combustion heat of a part of the waste while generated combustible gas is burnt completely at a given temperature substantially. CONSTITUTION: A part of waste A is burnt in a gasifying furnace 1 and the remaining part of the same is carbonized while generated combustible gas is introduced into a combustion furnace 2 to burn it. Oxygen, necessary for the complete combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace 2, is supplied while oxygen, necessary for the combustion and carbonization of the waste A, is supplied into the gasifying furnace 1 while regulating the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasifying furnace 1 so as to maintain a temperature T1 in the combustion furnace 2 at a given value substantially. Heated oxygen is supplied into the combustion furnace 2 at the final stage of the carbonization. The combustion furnace 2 is provided with an air supplying nozzle 23, penetrating through the central part of the combustion furnace 2 and supplying oxygen necessary for the combustion of the combustible gas along the flow direction of the combustible gas. The combustion furnace 2 is provided with an igniting means 28, igniting the combustible gas and assisting the combustion of the same.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for incinerating waste containing a resin component.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for incinerating waste such as waste tires, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 13528/1990 by the present applicant.
A method using the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 0 is known.

This dry-distillation gasification and incineration treatment apparatus burns a part of the waste stored in the gasification furnace and dry-distills (pyrolysis) the rest of the waste by the heat of combustion, and finally , While completely burning the waste to incinerate, at this time,
Combustible gas generated by dry distillation of the waste is introduced from a gasification furnace into a combustion furnace through a gas passage, and the combustible gas and oxygen (air) are mixed and completely burned in the combustion furnace. Without causing environmental pollution,
The waste is incinerated.

Further, in this dry distillation gasification incineration treatment apparatus, the heat energy generated by the combustion of the combustible gas is used as a heat source for the boiler or the like, whereby the incineration treatment of waste and the heat energy of the incineration treatment are effective. It is designed to be used together.

According to the above-mentioned dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus, a part of the waste in the gasification furnace is burnt and the rest is dry distilled.
Combustion of combustible gas generated by the dry distillation in a combustion furnace is performed as follows.

That is, the burning of a part of the waste and the dry distillation of the rest in the gasification furnace are started by storing the waste in the gasification furnace and then igniting a part of the waste, In this way, when a part of the waste is combusted, the combustion is naturally continued, and the heat of combustion causes the dry distillation of the waste to be started, and combustible gas is generated by the dry distillation. The amount of flammable gas generated increases as the dry distillation of the waste proceeds. At this time, oxygen (air) supplied to the gasification furnace is used as oxygen necessary for igniting the waste and oxygen necessary for burning a part of the waste immediately after the ignition.

The combustible gas generated in the gasification furnace is
The gas is introduced into the combustion furnace from the gasification furnace through a gas passage, further mixed with oxygen necessary for the combustion in the combustion furnace, and ignited and burned by an ignition device mounted in the combustion furnace. At this time, the combustion temperature of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace increases with the increase in the amount of the combustible gas generated in the gasification furnace and introduced into the combustion furnace after the waste is ignited. Then, in this way, when the combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace is started, the combustion is naturally continued, and the oxygen supply device connected to the gasification furnace changes the gasification according to the temperature change in the combustion furnace. The furnace is supplied with the oxygen required to burn some of the waste and to carbonize the rest. At the same time, the oxygen supply device captures the temperature in the combustion furnace as the combustion temperature of the combustible gas, and the temperature in the combustion furnace is sufficiently low to generate nitrogen oxides due to the combustion of the combustible gas. The oxygen is supplied while the temperature is adjusted so as to be maintained substantially constant at a predetermined temperature.

Specifically, when the temperature in the combustion furnace falls below the temperature at which it should be kept substantially constant, the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasification furnace is increased to promote the combustion of waste and The dry distillation of waste by combustion heat is promoted, thereby increasing the amount of combustible gas generated and raising the temperature in the combustion furnace, that is, the combustion temperature of the combustible gas.
On the contrary, when the temperature in the combustion furnace rises above the temperature at which it should be kept substantially constant, the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasification furnace is reduced to suppress the combustion of waste and the waste heat generated by the combustion heat. Of the flammable gas is reduced to lower the temperature in the combustion furnace, that is, the combustion temperature of the flammable gas.

On the other hand, when the combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace is started, the oxygen supply device connected to the combustion furnace completes the combustion of the combustible gas in accordance with the temperature change in the combustion furnace. Supply the oxygen needed for combustion. Specifically, when the temperature in the combustion furnace is lowered, it is assumed that the amount of combustible gas introduced into the combustion furnace is decreased, and the oxygen supply amount to the combustion furnace is decreased. When the temperature inside rises, it is assumed that the amount of combustible gas introduced into the combustion furnace is increasing, and the oxygen supply amount to the combustion furnace is increased, so that the combustible gas is always completely combusted. Supply a commensurate amount of oxygen.

By controlling the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasification furnace and the combustion furnace as described above, the combustion temperature of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace measured as the temperature in the combustion furnace is
Generation of environmental pollutants such as nitrogen oxides will be maintained at a substantially constant level at a combustion temperature that is sufficiently low, so that the combustible gas will be completely burned without causing environmental pollution, and will be discarded in a gasification furnace. Combustion of a part of the product and dry distillation of the rest proceed smoothly. Then, at this time, partial combustion of the waste in the gasification furnace is performed by gradually moving to the site where combustible gas is generated by carbonization, and therefore, the partial combustion is performed. Will be performed with almost no generation of nitrogen oxides.

However, depending on the type of waste,
When the end stage of the dry distillation of the waste is approaching, black smoke is generated in the combustion furnace due to incomplete combustion of the combustible gas, which may cause environmental pollution.

[0012]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention eliminates such inconvenience, and burns a part of the waste and dry-distills the rest to produce a combustible gas, and the combustible gas is kept substantially constant. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for incineration of waste that can completely burn the combustible gas even when the dry distillation of the waste is completed at the time of complete combustion at a temperature and does not cause environmental pollution. And

[0013]

As described above, the inventors of the present invention produce a combustible gas by dry-distilling the rest while burning a part of the waste as described above, and the combustible gas is kept at a substantially constant temperature. The following findings were obtained as a result of various studies on the reason why incomplete combustion of the combustible gas occurs in the combustion furnace at the end stage of the dry distillation of the waste when the combustion is carried out in 1.

That is, when the carbonization of the waste is carried out as described above, the ashing of the waste also progresses as the partial combustion of the waste progresses. The carbon dioxide gradually shifts to a site where the carbonization is almost completed, and the portion of the waste that can be carbonized decreases. Therefore, finally, the waste in the gasification furnace has a substantially constant combustion temperature of the combustible gas, which is captured as the temperature in the combustion furnace, regardless of the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasification furnace. The amount of combustible gas that can be maintained cannot be generated, and the temperature in the combustion furnace, that is, the combustion temperature of the combustible gas decreases. Since the supply amount of oxygen to the combustion furnace is adjusted by the temperature change in the combustion furnace, the oxygen supply amount also decreases as the temperature in the combustion furnace decreases as described above.

On the other hand, in the gasification furnace, the temperature in the gasification furnace gradually rises as the dry distillation progresses. Then, the temperature becomes the highest when the end stage of the dry distillation of the waste approaches, and the waste becomes glass fiber reinforced plastic (F
(RP) and the like, when a large amount of non-combustible components such as silicon components are contained in addition to the resin components, the high temperature decomposes the non-combustible components, and the generated non-combustible gas enters the combustion furnace together with the combustible gas. be introduced. The noncombustible gas is heated by the heat of combustion of the combustible gas when the combustible gas is sufficiently present, so that no particular problem occurs. However, when the amount of combustible gas becomes insufficient to maintain a predetermined combustion temperature at the end stage of the dry distillation of the waste, the noncombustible gas does not burn itself and does not generate heat. The heat of combustion of the combustible gas is absorbed, and the temperature in the combustion furnace is further lowered.

As a result, at the end stage of the dry distillation of the waste, the temperature in the combustion furnace, which has been decreased due to the decrease of the combustible gas as described above, is further decreased due to the absorption of the combustion heat by the incombustible gas. To do. Further, when the combustible gas is reduced at the end stage of the carbonization, if cold air is introduced to supply oxygen to the combustion furnace, the temperature inside the combustion furnace further decreases.

When the temperature in the combustion furnace is lowered in this way, the temperature change in the combustion furnace is grasped as the combustion temperature of the combustible gas, and oxygen is supplied to the combustion furnace adjusted by the temperature change. It is considered that the amount becomes smaller than the amount that the combustible gas actually existing in the combustion furnace is completely combusted, and the combustible gas cannot be completely combusted.

[0018] Therefore, the waste incineration method of the present invention eliminates the above inconvenience based on the above-mentioned knowledge. The waste is stored in the gasification furnace and the waste is stored in the gasification furnace. Of the waste, the remaining part of the waste is carbonized by the heat of combustion to generate a combustible gas, and the combustible gas is introduced from the gasification furnace into the combustion furnace through a gas passage and burned. Occasionally, the oxygen supply amount to the gasification furnace so that oxygen necessary for complete combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace is supplied to the combustion furnace and the combustion temperature of the combustible gas is maintained substantially constant. In the incineration method of the waste, in which oxygen necessary for combustion of a part of the waste and dry distillation of the rest is supplied to the gasification furnace while adjusting the above, in the end stage of the dry distillation, the combustion furnace was heated. It is characterized by supplying oxygen. The heated oxygen may be supplied at least at the end stage of the dry distillation, but may be supplied during the entire period of supplying oxygen necessary for complete combustion of the combustible gas.

The waste incineration method of the present invention comprises:
The combustion furnace is provided with an air supply nozzle that penetrates a portion where the combustible gas burns to supply oxygen necessary for burning the combustible gas, and the air supply nozzle heated by the combustion of the combustible gas. It is characterized in that oxygen is supplied to the inside of the combustion furnace via. At this time, the air supply nozzle is provided along the flow direction of the combustible gas in the center of the portion where the combustible gas burns, and ejects heated oxygen while crossing the flow of the combustible gas. Is characterized by.

The waste incineration method of the present invention is
In the portion where the combustible gas burns in the combustion furnace,
Ignition means for igniting the combustible gas to assist combustion is provided, and the ignition means assists the combustion of the combustible gas at the end stage of the carbonization.

[0021]

According to the waste incineration method of the present invention, the combustible gas introduced into the combustion furnace decreases, and the combustion heat absorbed by the incombustible gas is greatly absorbed. By supplying the heated oxygen to the combustion furnace, the absorption of the combustion heat by the non-combustible gas is compensated for, the temperature decrease in the combustion furnace is avoided, and the oxygen supply amount that completely burns the combustible gas is secured. To do.

Further, the air supply nozzle for supplying oxygen required for combustion of the combustible gas to the combustion furnace is provided so as to penetrate a portion where the combustible gas burns, so that the combustible gas is combusted. It is heated by the combustion of. Therefore, by supplying oxygen into the combustion furnace through the air supply nozzle, the oxygen is supplied with oxygen heated by the heat of the air supply nozzle. The air supply nozzle is provided along the flow direction of the combustible gas at the center of the portion where the combustible gas burns, and jets heated oxygen while crossing the flow of the combustible gas, The heated oxygen uniformly diffuses in the combustion furnace and mixes with the combustible gas to promote combustion of the combustible gas.

Further, the ignition means for igniting the combustible gas provided in a portion of the combustion furnace where the combustible gas burns to assist combustion is first to ignite the combustible gas at the start of the carbonization. , Assists its combustion and stops after ignition. Further, the igniting means ensures complete combustion of the combustible gas by assisting the combustion of the combustible gas at the end stage of the carbonization, and at the same time, the combustion heat of the igniting means causes a combustion furnace. The internal temperature is increased to increase the oxygen supply amount and accelerate the combustion of the combustible gas.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The waste incineration method of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory block diagram showing an example of a dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus used in the waste incineration processing method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining its operation, and FIG. 3 is a dry distillation gasification. The explanatory block diagram which shows the other example of an incineration processing apparatus, FIG. 4 is I of FIG.
It is a V-IV sectional view taken on the line.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a gasification furnace which stores waste A such as FRP and performs dry distillation / gasification and combustion / ashing of the waste A, and 2 burns combustible gas generated by dry distillation of waste A A combustion furnace 3 for causing the gasification furnace 1 to supply oxygen (air) to the gasification furnace 1 and an oxygen supply means 4 to supply oxygen (air) to the combustion furnace 2.

An inlet 6 having an opening door 5 which can be opened and closed is formed on the upper surface of the gasification furnace 1, and the waste A can be introduced into the gasification furnace 1 through the introduction port 6. And
When the charging door 5 is closed, the inside of the gasification furnace 1 is substantially shut off from the outside air.

The lower part of the gasification furnace 1 is formed in a truncated cone shape projecting downward, and has a bottom surface portion 8 and a sloped side wall portion 9.
Are formed in the outer surface of the gasification furnace 1 respectively. Then, these vacant chambers 10 and 11 are communicated with the inside of the gasification furnace 1 through air supply nozzle holes 12 provided in the bottom surface portion 8 and the side wall portion 9, respectively.

On the lower side of the gasification furnace 1, the gasification furnace 1
An ignition device (ignition means) 13 for igniting the waste A stored inside is attached. The ignition device 13 is composed of an ignition burner or the like, and the gasification furnace 1
Is connected via a supply pipe 15 to a fuel supply device 14 for the auxiliary combustion oil or the like provided outside. With such a configuration, the ignition device 13 burns the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device 14 through the supply pipe 15 to generate the gasification furnace 1.
A combustion flame is generated toward the inside of the gasification furnace, and the waste A in the gasification furnace 1 is ignited by the combustion flame.

On the outer periphery of the gasification furnace 1, a water jacket 16 is formed as a cooling structure, which is isolated from the inside of the gasification furnace 1. Above the water jacket 16, the water level in the water jacket 16 is detected. A water level sensor 17 is mounted. The water jacket 16 is connected to a water supply device 19 provided outside the gasification furnace 1 via a water supply pipe 20 and an opening / closing valve 21, and opens / closes the opening / closing valve 21 according to a detection signal of the water level sensor 17. Due to this, a predetermined water level is maintained.

The combustion furnace 2 has a cylindrical combustion section 22 for mixing and burning a combustible gas generated by dry distillation of the waste A and oxygen (air) required for complete combustion thereof, and the inside of the combustion section 22. And an air supply nozzle 23 for supplying the oxygen. The air supply nozzle 23 is provided at the center of the tubular combustion section 22 along the flow direction of the combustible gas, and is connected to the oxygen supply means 4. Further, an air supply hole 24 for ejecting the oxygen while intersecting with the flow of the combustible gas is provided on the outer peripheral portion thereof.

A temperature sensor 25 for detecting the temperature T inside the combustion furnace 2 is attached to the combustion section 22.
A gas pipe 27, which is a gas passage led out from a connecting portion 26 provided in communication with the inside of the upper part of the gasification furnace 1, is connected to the rear end of the waste gas A inside the gasification furnace 1. The flammable gas generated by the dry distillation is introduced into the combustion section 22 through the gas pipe 27. Further, an ignition device (ignition means) 28 for igniting the combustible gas introduced therein is attached to the rear end of the combustion section 22. Like the ignition device 13, the ignition device 28 is composed of an ignition burner and the like, and is connected to the fuel supply device 14 via a supply pipe 29.

In the middle of the gas pipe 27, tar removing means 27a for removing tar contained in the combustible gas.
Is provided, and is connected to the supply pipe 29 via a tar supply pipe 29a provided at the bottom thereof. The tar removing means 27a is a gas pipe 27 by a cooling device (not shown).
The flammable gas flowing through the inside is cooled, and the tar component which is a low boiling point compound contained in the gas is removed and captured. Then, the captured tar is reheated by a heating means (not shown) to be fluidized and sent to the supply pipe 29 via the tar supply pipe 29a.

With this structure, the ignition device 38 burns the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device 14 via the supply pipe 29 and the tar component supplied from the tar removing means 27a via the supply pipes 29a, 29. Thus, a combustion flame is generated from the rear end of the combustion section 22 toward the inside thereof, and the combustible gas introduced into the combustion section 22 through the gas pipe 25 is ignited by the combustion flame. As described above, since the ignition device 38 can replace a part of the fuel with the tar content removed from the combustible gas, the fuel supplied from the fuel supply device 14 can be saved, and the fuel can be economically used. Can be activated.

In this case, the ignition device 28 is provided with a control section 28a for controlling the ignition operation of the ignition apparatus 28.
A detection signal of the temperature sensor 25 is input to the. Then, as will be described in detail later, the control unit 28a of the ignition device 28.
Ignites the ignition device 31 in accordance with the temperature inside the combustion furnace 2 detected by the temperature sensor 25.

A boiler device 30, for example, is connected to the combustion furnace 2 as a heat engine using a combustible gas combusted in the combustion section 22 as a heat source.

The oxygen supply means 3 for supplying oxygen to the gasification furnace 1 is an oxygen supply source 3 provided outside the gasification furnace 1.
1 and a main oxygen supply pipe 3 derived from the oxygen supply source 31
2, a pair of auxiliary oxygen supply pipes 33 and 34 branched from the main oxygen supply pipe 32 and connected to the vacant chambers 10 and 11 of the gasification furnace 1, and the auxiliary oxygen supply pipes 33 and 34, respectively. On-off valves 35 and 36 provided and on-off valves 35 and 36
And an opening / closing valve controller (opening / closing valve control means) 37 and 38 for opening and closing, respectively. The detection signal of the temperature sensor 25 is input to the opening / closing valve controller 37 and 38.

In this case, the open / close valve controllers 37, 38 are driven by a drive unit 37 such as a motor for opening / closing the open / close valves 35, 36.
a, 38a and control units 37b, 38b including a CPU or the like for controlling the operation of the drive units 37a, 38a. The control units 37b, 38b respond to the detection signal of the temperature sensor 25 by the drive units 37a, 38a. 38a is activated.

With this configuration, the oxygen supply means 3 will be described in detail later, but when the dry distillation of the waste A proceeds, the opening / closing valves 35, 36 are opened by the opening / closing valve controllers 37, 38, so that the oxygen supply source 31 to oxygen supply pipes 32, 33, 34
Oxygen (air) is supplied to the vacant chambers 10 and 11 of the gasification furnace 1 through the gas supply furnace 1, and oxygen is further supplied from the vacant chambers 10 and 11 to the inside of the gasification furnace 1 through the air supply nozzle hole 12. I am trying to do it. At this time, the on-off valve controllers 37, 38
Adjusts the opening degrees of the on-off valves 35 and 36 according to the temperature inside the combustion furnace 2 detected by the temperature sensor 25.

Oxygen supply means 4 for supplying oxygen to the combustion furnace 2.
Is provided in the oxygen supply source 31 and the main oxygen supply pipe 32, the auxiliary oxygen supply pipe 39 branched from the main oxygen supply pipe 32 and connected to the air supply nozzle 23, and the auxiliary oxygen supply pipe 39. The opening / closing valve 40 and an opening / closing valve controller (opening / closing valve control means) 41 that appropriately opens / closes the opening / closing valve 40. The detection signal of the temperature sensor 25 is input to the opening / closing valve controller 41.

In this case, the on-off valve controller 41, like the on-off valve controllers 37 and 38, has a drive section 41a for opening and closing the open-close valve 40, and a control section 41b for controlling the operation of the drive section 41a. The control unit 41b operates the drive unit 41a according to the detection signal of the temperature sensor 25.

With this structure, the oxygen supply means 4 supplies the air to the combustion furnace 2 from the oxygen supply source 31 via the oxygen supply pipes 32 and 39 by opening the opening / closing valve 40 as appropriate by the opening / closing valve controller 41. Supplying oxygen (air) to the nozzle 23,
Further, oxygen is supplied from the air supply nozzle 23 to the combustion section 22 of the combustion furnace 2 through the air supply hole 24. At this time, the opening / closing valve controller 41 opens and closes the opening / closing valve 40 according to the temperature inside the combustion furnace 2 detected by the temperature sensor 25, which will be described in detail later.

In this case, the on-off valve 40 is constructed so that it can be opened and closed manually, and the oxygen from the oxygen source 31 to the combustion section 22 can also be opened by manually opening and closing the on-off valve 40 appropriately. The amount of supply can be adjusted.

Next, a waste incineration method using the dry distillation gasification incineration apparatus will be described.

In FIG. 1, when incinerating the waste A, first, the charging door 6 of the gasification furnace 1 is opened and the waste A is charged into the gasification furnace 1. Then, after closing the closing door 6, the ignition device 13 is activated, whereby
The waste A in the gasification furnace 1 is ignited and the partial combustion of the waste A is started. Then, when the partial combustion of the waste A is started, the ignition device 13 is stopped.

In this case, prior to this ignition, the water jacket 16 of the gasification furnace 1 is appropriately supplied with water from the water supply device 19 of the water supply means 18 via the water supply pipe 20 as described above, and The ignition device 28 of the combustion furnace 2 is operated under the control of the control unit 28a. Further, in the space inside the gasification furnace 1, in order to introduce a combustible gas generated as described later into the combustion furnace 2, a suction fan or the like (not shown) provided in the boiler device 30 is used for the combustion furnace 2 and the gas pipe. The air is appropriately taken in via 27.

During this ignition, the oxygen supply means 3
The on-off valves 35, 36 of the above are opened in advance by a relatively small predetermined opening degree by the on-off valve controllers 37, 38, and as a result, as described above, from the oxygen supply source 31 to the oxygen supply pipes 32, 33, 34. A relatively small amount of oxygen is supplied into the gasification furnace 1 through the vacant chambers 10 and 11 of the gasification furnace 1 and the air supply nozzle hole 12. Therefore, the ignition of the waste A by the igniter 13 is performed using oxygen existing in the gasification furnace 1 and a small amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply source 31. At the time of this ignition, the oxygen supply means 4
The on-off valve 40 is closed.

When such ignition is carried out, the waste A in the gasification furnace 1 has the lower layer portion of oxygen existing in the gasification furnace 1 and a small amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply source 31. The waste heat gradually burns while consuming, and the combustion heat causes the upper layer of the waste A to start dry distillation, and the dry distillation starts to generate combustible gas. It is introduced into the combustion section 22 of the combustion furnace 2 from inside via a gas pipe 27. Then, the combustible gas introduced into the combustor 22 is mixed with air (oxygen) existing in the combustion furnace 2 and ignited by the ignition device 28, whereby the combustible gas is combusted. Begins to burn at.

At this time, the combustion of the lower layer portion of the waste A is gradually stabilized while consuming a small amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply source 31, and its range is gradually expanded. Then, as the combustion of the lower layer portion of the waste A stabilizes, the dry distillation of the upper layer portion of the waste A due to the combustion heat also progresses, and the amount of combustible gas generated by the dry distillation also increases. Go. Therefore, the amount of combustible gas introduced into the combustion furnace 2 also increases, and as a result, the temperature T ₁ inside the combustion furnace 2 also increases, as shown in FIG.

At this time, the temperature T ₁ inside the combustion furnace 2 is detected by the temperature sensor 25 as the combustion temperature of the combustible gas. Then, when the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas detected by the temperature sensor 25 reaches a predetermined temperature T _1a set in advance, the open / close valve controllers 37, 38 of the oxygen supply means 3 cause the open / close valves 35, 36. Is opened to a slightly larger opening than the initial opening for a predetermined time, and is opened to a larger opening after the predetermined time has elapsed.

In this way, by gradually increasing the opening degrees of the on-off valves 35 and 36, the oxygen supply source is supplied to the lower layer of the waste A to the extent necessary for its continuous combustion. Oxygen is supplied from 31 so that the combustion of the lower layer of the waste A can be stably performed without expanding unnecessarily, and the dry distillation of the upper layer of the waste A also proceeds stably. It will become like.

Then, the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas detected by the temperature sensor 25 further rises, the combustible gas can spontaneously combust, and the generation of nitrogen oxides and the like due to the combustion becomes small. When the temperature T _1c (T _1a <T _1c <T _1b ) slightly lower than the temperature T _1b (see FIG. 2) preset as the combustion temperature is reached, the oxygen supply means 3
The on-off valve controllers 37 and 38 of the
_The opening degrees of the on-off valves 35 and 36 are automatically adjusted so that ₁ is maintained at the temperature T _1b .

Specifically, when the combustion temperature T ₁ becomes lower than the temperature T _1b , the opening degrees of the on-off valves 35 and 36 are increased and the oxygen supply amount to the gasification furnace 1 is increased. Combustion of the lower layer of the waste A is promoted, and the dry heat of the upper layer of the waste A due to the combustion heat thereof and the generation of combustible gas due to the dry distillation are promoted.

On the contrary, when the combustion temperature T ₁ becomes higher than the temperature T _1b , the opening degrees of the opening / closing valves 35 and 36 are made smaller, and the oxygen supply amount to the gasification furnace 1 is reduced, whereby the waste Combustion of the lower layer of A is suppressed, and dry distillation of the upper layer of waste A due to the heat of combustion and generation of combustible gas due to this dry distillation are suppressed.

By automatically adjusting the opening degrees of the on-off valves 35 and 36 as described above, as shown in FIG. 2, the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas is such that the combustible gas may spontaneously combust, Moreover, the combustion temperature T _1b is substantially maintained at which the generation of nitrogen oxides due to the combustion is small, and in this state, the combustion of the lower layer portion of the waste A and the dry distillation of the upper layer portion proceed stably.

Then, when the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas is maintained at the temperature T _1b at which spontaneous combustion is possible, the ignition device 28 of the combustion furnace 2 is stopped by the control of the control unit 28a. However, the combustible gas is continuously spontaneously combusted. Further, the combustion heat of the combustible gas is used as the heat source of the boiler device 30.

During dry distillation of the waste A in the gasification furnace 1, the temperature T ₂ in the gasification furnace 1 detected by a temperature sensor (not shown) changes as shown in FIG.

That is, in the initial stage of dry distillation of the waste A, the temperature T ₂ in the gasification furnace 1 increases with the start of combustion of the lower layer of the waste A, and then the heat of combustion of the upper layer of the waste A increases. Part of the waste A is absorbed for dry distillation, and once it descends, and then the dry distillation of the waste A proceeds steadily, as the combustion of the lower part of the waste A progresses. It gradually rises.

On the other hand, the combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace 2 requires oxygen, which is detected by the temperature sensor 25 as described below. It is supplied by the oxygen supply means 4 according to the combustion temperature T _{1 of the} gas.

That is, the on-off valve controller 41 of the oxygen supply means 4 opens the on-off valve 40 at an appropriate opening according to the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas detected by the temperature sensor 25,
Thereby, as described above, oxygen is supplied from the oxygen supply source 31 to the combustion section 22 of the combustion furnace 2 via the oxygen supply pipes 32 and 39, the air supply nozzle 23 of the combustion furnace 2, and the air supply hole 24,
The combustible gas introduced into the combustion furnace 2 is mixed with oxygen necessary for its complete combustion.

Specifically, the open / close valve controller 41
In the initial stage of carbonization of A, it is introduced into the combustion furnace 2.
As the amount of combustible gas increases, its combustion temperature T₁Rises
Along with this, the on-off valve 40 is opened so that its opening degree increases.
Increase the amount of oxygen supplied to the combustion furnace 2 and dry-distill the waste A
Is a stable stage, the combustion temperature T of the combustible gas ₁
Along with a slight increase or decrease in the
Adjust the amount of oxygen supplied to the combustion furnace 2 and
An amount of acid capable of completely burning the combustible gas introduced into the kiln 2.
Element is mixed with the flammable gas.

At this time, the air supply nozzle 23 is connected to the combustion unit 2
2 is provided so as to penetrate therethrough, so that it is heated by the heat of combustion of the combustible gas, and the oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply source 31 is heated while flowing through the air supply nozzle 23, and the air supply hole is formed. Ejected from 24. In addition, the air supply nozzle 23
Is provided in the central portion of the cylindrical combustion portion 22 along the flow direction of the combustible gas, so that the combustible gas is distributed around the combustible gas, and the combustible gas is supplied to the combustible gas. By ejecting oxygen from the pores 24 while intersecting the flow of the combustible gas, the oxygen is efficiently mixed with the combustible gas.

When supplying oxygen to the combustion furnace 2, the amount of oxygen supplied to the combustion furnace 2 can also be set by manually operating the on-off valve 40 while the operator confirms the combustion state of the combustible gas. It is also possible to adjust.

During the dry distillation of the waste A, as shown in FIG. 1, inside the gasification furnace 1, the ashing layer a, the red heat layer b, and the ashing layer a are sequentially arranged from the lower side to the upper side. A fluidized layer c, a heat transfer layer d, and a gas layer e are formed. Among these layers a to e, in the ashed layer a generated by the completion of the combustion of the waste A, the partial combustion of the waste A proceeds. The red-hot layer b in which the waste A is being burned gradually rises from the lower layer to the upper layer.
It will shift. Further, with the increase of the ash layer a and the rise of the red-heat layer b, the fluidization layer c, the heat transfer layer d and the gas layer e in which the dry distillation of the waste A progresses decrease, in other words, the dry distillation is performed. The amount of waste A that can be obtained decreases.

Then, as the amount of waste A that can be carbonized decreases, the on-off valve 3 of the oxygen supply means 3
In order to maintain the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace 2 at a substantially constant temperature T _1b regardless of the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasification furnace 1 by opening 5, 36 at an appropriate opening. Since it becomes impossible to generate a large amount of combustible gas, the amount of combustible gas introduced into the combustion furnace 2 will eventually decrease, and the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas will also decrease. Finally, it descends as shown in FIG.

On-off valve controller 41 of the oxygen supply means 4
As described above, the opening degree of the opening / closing valve 40 is increased / decreased according to the increase / decrease of the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas so that the amount of oxygen capable of completely combusting the combustible gas is introduced into the combustion furnace 2. Therefore, when the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas decreases as described above, the opening degree of the opening / closing valve 40 is reduced to reduce the oxygen supply amount.

Further, the open / close valve controllers 37 and 38 of the oxygen supply means 3 have the combustion temperature T of the combustible gas as described above.
_{When 1} is lower than the temperature T _1b, the opening degrees of the on-off valves 35 and 36 are increased in order to promote the dry distillation of the waste A, so that the combustion temperature T of the combustible gas is set as described above.
_{When 1} is lowered, the on-off valves 35 and 36 are fully opened. As described above, when the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas decreases, the red heat layer b occupying the portion of the waste A excluding the ash layer a increases and the combustion heat of the waste heat increases. Since the amount absorbed by dry distillation of A also decreases, the temperature T ₂ in the gasification furnace 1 rises sharply.

At this time, when the waste A contains a large amount of non-combustible components such as silicon components in addition to resin components such as FRP, the temperature T in the gasification furnace 1 which has risen sharply to a high temperature.
_The noncombustible component is decomposed by 2 and the produced noncombustible gas is introduced into the combustion furnace together with the combustible gas. Since the incombustible gas does not burn by itself and does not generate heat, when the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas is decreasing as described above, it is not sufficiently heated by the combustion heat of the combustible gas, and In addition, since the combustion heat of the combustible gas is absorbed, the temperature T ₁ in the combustion furnace 2 may drop sharply as shown by the phantom line in FIG.

The temperature sensor 25 detects the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas, but actually detects the temperature T ₁ in the combustion furnace 2 and detects it as the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas.
Therefore, when the temperature T ₁ in the combustion furnace 2 drops sharply as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 2, this is detected as the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas and the on-off valve control of the oxygen supply means 4 is controlled. Then, the opening / closing valve controller 41 further reduces the opening degree of the opening / closing valve 40. As a result, the amount of oxygen supplied from the opening / closing valve 40 into the combustion furnace 2 becomes smaller than the amount of the combustible gas actually existing in the combustion furnace to be completely burned, and incomplete combustion of the combustible gas may occur. There is When the oxygen supplied to the combustion furnace 2 is not heated, cold air is introduced into the combustion furnace 2 along with the supply of the oxygen, so that the temperature T ₁ in the combustion furnace 2 is increased. It is conceivable that the fall of will become steeper.

However, in this embodiment, as described above, the air supply nozzle 23 is provided so as to penetrate the cylindrical combustion portion 22 of the combustion furnace 2, and the air supply nozzle 23 is provided with the waste A. Since it is sufficiently heated by the heat of combustion of the combustible gas in the stage where the dry distillation of S is progressing stably, even if the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas starts to drop, the oxygen flowing through the air supply nozzle 23 is It is heated by the air supply nozzle 23, is ejected from the air supply hole 24 to the combustion section 22, and is mixed with the combustible gas. Therefore, it is possible to supplement the heat absorption by the incombustible gas contained in the combustible gas and prevent the temperature T ₁ in the combustion furnace 2 from decreasing, and the opening / closing valve 40 opening degree controlled by the on / off valve controller 41. Can be maintained constant and an oxygen supply amount sufficient to completely burn the combustible gas can be secured.

Further, the air supply nozzle 23, as described above,
It is provided in the central portion of the cylindrical combustion section 22 along the flow direction of the flammable gas, and the heated oxygen is jetted from the air supply hole 24 while intersecting with the flow of the flammable gas. Oxygen can be efficiently mixed with the combustible gas, and combustion of the combustible gas can be promoted. Further, at this time, the ignition device 28 of the combustion furnace 2 is operated to generate a combustion flame toward the inside of the combustion section 22, and the combustion flame assists the combustion of the combustible gas to generate the combustion flame. Incomplete combustion can be prevented.

In the incineration method of the present embodiment, the temperature T ₂ in the gasification furnace 1 which has risen sharply as described above with the progress of combustion and ashing of the waste A is as shown in FIG. Eventually it will descend. Further, at this stage, the generation of the flammable gas also stops, so that the temperature T ₁ inside the combustion furnace 2 also drops like the temperature T ₂ inside the gasification furnace 1 as shown in FIG. The process ends.

As described above, in the incineration treatment method of this embodiment, the combustion, dry distillation and ashing of the waste A are carried out smoothly and surely, and the combustion of the combustible gas produced by the dry distillation is carried out with nitrogen oxides and nitrogen oxides. The incineration is carried out smoothly and surely without causing environmental pollution due to black smoke or the like, and therefore the waste A is cleanly incinerated. Further, the combustion heat of the combustible gas is transferred to the boiler device 30.
By using it as a heat source of, the heat energy at the time of incineration of the waste A can be effectively used.

An ash outlet (not shown) is provided in the lower portion of the gasification furnace 1, and the final ash product in the gasification furnace 1 is discharged from this ash outlet.

Further, the combustion furnace 2 may be constructed as shown in FIG. The combustion furnace 2 shown in FIG. 3 has a configuration in which a bottom of a vertical cylindrical combustion section 22 is provided with an air supply nozzle 23 which penetrates the inside of the combustion section 22 and supplies the oxygen. The combustion furnace 2 has the same configuration as that of the combustion furnace 2 shown in FIG. 1, except that a cavity 42 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the bottom portion so as to be isolated from the inside of the combustion portion 22.

The air supply nozzle 23 shown in FIG. 3 has a structure in which a heat resistant material layer 23b such as an irregular shaped refractory is disposed on the outer circumference of a pipe 23a made of stainless steel, for example. As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of air supply holes 24 are spirally formed from the inside of the air supply nozzle 23 toward the outer peripheral portion. Further, the air supply nozzle 23 is connected to the oxygen supply source 31 via a first auxiliary oxygen supply pipe 39a branched from the main oxygen supply pipe 32, and the air supply nozzle 23 is provided in the middle of the auxiliary oxygen supply pipe 39a. A flow rate adjusting valve 43 for adjusting the amount of oxygen supplied to 23 to a constant value is provided.

The vacant chamber 42 is provided with a plurality of nozzle holes 44 bored in the inner peripheral portion of the bottom of the combustion section 22 to form the combustion section 22.
Is communicated with the inside of the. Further, the vacant chamber 42 has a second auxiliary oxygen supply pipe 39 branched from the main oxygen supply pipe 32.
It is connected to the oxygen supply source 31 via b, and an opening / closing valve 40 is provided in the middle of the auxiliary oxygen supply pipe 39b. The on-off valve 40 is controlled by the on-off valve controller 41 including a drive unit 41a and a control unit 41b that operates the drive unit 41a according to the detection signal of the temperature sensor 25, as in the device shown in FIG. With such a configuration, the combustion furnace 2 shown in FIG. 3 is constantly supplied with a constant amount of oxygen (air) from the air supply nozzle 23, and the opening / closing valve controller 41 detects the temperature sensor 25 inside the combustion furnace 2. By opening and closing the on-off valve 40 in accordance with the temperature, the oxygen supplied from the vacant chamber 42 through the nozzle hole 44 is increased or decreased.

In such a combustion furnace 2, as shown in FIG. 2, at the stage where the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas finally falls, the opening degree of the opening / closing valve 40 is reduced, so 42
The amount of oxygen supplied from the nozzle via the nozzle hole 44 decreases. However, the amount of oxygen supplied from the air supply nozzle 23 is constant, and the oxygen is provided so as to penetrate the cylindrical combustion section 22 as described above, so that the dry distillation of the waste A proceeds stably. Since the gas flows through the air supply nozzle 23 that is sufficiently heated by the combustion heat of the combustible gas in the above, the air is heated by the air supply nozzle 23, and the air is supplied from the air supply hole 24 to the combustion section 2
2 is jetted out and mixed with combustible gas. Therefore, even if the combustion temperature T ₁ of the combustible gas starts to decrease, the oxygen heated as described above compensates for the heat absorption by the non-combustible gas contained in the combustible gas, and the temperature in the combustion furnace 2 is increased. T ₁
Can be prevented, and the opening degree of the opening / closing valve 40 which is reduced by the control of the opening / closing valve controller 41 can be maintained constant, and an oxygen supply amount sufficient to completely burn the combustible gas can be secured.

Further, in the combustion furnace 2, the combustible gas introduced through the gas pipe 27 does not easily flow into the opposite side of the gas pipe 27 with respect to the air supply nozzle 23, but the air supply hole 24 has the above-mentioned structure. As described above, since it is formed in a spiral shape from the inside of the air supply nozzle 23 toward the outer peripheral portion, the combustible gas is agitated by the oxygen ejected from the air supply hole 24 while intersecting with the flow of the combustible gas. The heated oxygen can be efficiently mixed with the combustible gas, and the combustion of the combustible gas can be promoted.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, from the air supply nozzle 23 provided so as to penetrate the combustion section 22 of the combustion furnace 2,
By supplying oxygen to the combustion section 22, throughout the entire period of supplying oxygen necessary for complete combustion of the combustible gas,
Although heated oxygen is supplied, a heating means is provided outside the combustion furnace 2, and the heating means is used only when the combustion temperature T ₁ begins to drop at the end stage of the dry distillation of the waste A. You may make it supply the heated oxygen to the combustion part 22.

[0080]

As is clear from the above, according to the waste incineration method of the present invention, even when the waste contains a large amount of non-combustible components in addition to the resin components, the end stage of dry distillation is completed. The incomplete combustion of the combustible gas can be prevented, and the generation of black smoke due to the incomplete combustion of the combustible gas and the environmental pollution due to the black smoke can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory configuration diagram showing an example of a dry distillation gasification incineration treatment device used in a waste incineration treatment method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the dry distillation gasification incineration processing apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory configuration diagram showing another example of a dry distillation gasification incineration treatment apparatus used in the waste incineration treatment method of the present invention.

4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Gasification furnace, 2 ... Combustion furnace, 22 ... Combustion part, 2
3 ... Air supply nozzle, 27 ... Gas passage, 28 ... Ignition means.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A waste gas is stored in a gasification furnace, and a part of the waste material is burned in the gasification furnace while the heat of combustion is used to dry-distill the remainder of the waste material to generate a combustible gas. When the combustible gas is introduced into the combustion furnace from the gasification furnace through the gas passage and burned, oxygen required for complete combustion of the combustible gas in the combustion furnace is supplied to the combustion furnace. Along with adjusting the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasification furnace so as to maintain the temperature in the combustion furnace substantially constant, oxygen necessary for combustion of a part of the waste and dry distillation of the rest is supplied to the gasification furnace. In the incineration method of the waste to be supplied, the heated incineration method is characterized in that heated oxygen is supplied to the combustion furnace at the final stage of the dry distillation. 2. The combustion furnace is provided with an air supply nozzle that penetrates a portion where the combustible gas burns to supply oxygen necessary for burning the combustible gas, and is heated by the combustion of the flammable gas. The method for incinerating waste according to claim 1, wherein oxygen is supplied into the combustion furnace through the air supply nozzle. 3. The air supply nozzle is provided in a central portion of a portion where the flammable gas burns, along the flow direction of the flammable gas, and jets heated oxygen while crossing the flow of the flammable gas. The method for incinerating waste according to claim 2, wherein 4. An ignition means for igniting the combustible gas to assist combustion is provided in a portion of the combustion furnace where the combustible gas burns, and the combustible gas at the end stage of the carbonization by the ignition means. The method for incineration of waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein combustion of the waste is assisted.