JPH05149525A - Waste incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the generation of smoke induced by the excess or shortage of air and an air-through phenomenon when charging waste by controlling the flow rate of air to be supplied to a primary chamber and a secondary chamber in conformity with the concentration of oxygen contained in unburnt gas. CONSTITUTION:An oxygen concentration sensor 23 is installed between a primary combustion chamber 3 which incinerates combustible wastes 2 and a secondary combustion chamber 5 which treats incombustible wastes 4 by heating. An oxygen concentration controller 27 inputs a signal transmitted from the oxygen concentration sensor 23 and controls a control valve 21 so as to maintain the concentration of oxygen in an area where the oxygen concentration sensors 23 are laid out at a predetermined value and hence controls the flow rate of air to be supplied from an air supply pipeline 19. This construction makes it possible to prevent the generation of smoke resultant from the excess or shortage of air.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste incinerator for incinerating waste, and more specifically to simultaneously performing incineration and heat treatment and suppressing smoke generation during incineration. It relates to a structured waste incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in a state in which combustible waste of infectious medical waste is stored in a primary chamber, the primary bar is used.
In a waste incinerator in which combustible waste is burned by a furnace, in order to remove unburned gas such as smoke generated in the process of burning the combustible waste in the primary chamber, the unburned gas is not transferred from the primary chamber to the secondary chamber. A smoke removing means is used in which the unburned gas is burned by guiding the combustion gas and raising the temperature of the secondary chamber by the secondary burner, and then exhausted to the outside of the furnace.

[0003]

The smoke removing means in the above conventional waste incinerator has a mixture state of the flame of the secondary burner and the unburned gas, and the unburned gas and the air supplied from the outside. If the mixing ratio is not appropriate, there is a problem that smoke cannot be sufficiently removed. In particular, polymer materials are easily pyrolyzed, so that there is a marked tendency to become unburned gas. If this unburned gas is exhausted to the outside of the furnace as it is, smoke is emitted from the exhaust stack, which becomes an environmental problem. Therefore, in the present invention, the flow rate of the air supplied between the primary chamber and the secondary chamber is controlled in accordance with the oxygen concentration in the unburned gas to prevent smoke generation due to excess air or insufficient air, and further to discard It is a technical subject to be solved to prevent an air-through phenomenon at the time of charging a material and to prevent a large amount of unburned gas from being generated when the temperature in the furnace rises too much.

[0004]

A first technical means for solving the above-mentioned problems is to store combustible waste in a primary chamber and communicate non-combustible waste with the primary chamber. In the state of being housed in the secondary chamber, the primary burner assists the combustion of the combustible waste and the secondary burner heats the non-combustible waste, and the primary chamber can burn. Primary chamber air supply means for adjusting the flow rate of the air supplied to the primary chamber in order to burn the waste according to the temperature of the primary chamber, and the temperature of the primary chamber exceeds a preset temperature. A waste incinerator equipped with a primary chamber cooling water supply means for sometimes injecting water into the primary chamber to lower the temperature of the primary chamber is used to detect the oxygen concentration between the primary chamber and the secondary chamber. The oxygen concentration sensor that outputs a signal corresponding to the detected concentration and the flow rate of the air supplied between the primary chamber and the secondary chamber. And to a configuration in which a furnace middle portion air supply means for adjusting based on a signal from the oxygen concentration sensor.

The second technical means detects the temperature of the secondary chamber and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected temperature, and the temperature detected by the secondary chamber temperature sensor. When the temperature exceeds a preset temperature, the primary chamber cooling water supply means injects water into the primary chamber to lower the temperature of the primary chamber, thereby properly adjusting the temperature of the secondary chamber. A secondary chamber temperature control means for controlling is provided.

[0006]

According to the waste incinerator having the above-mentioned first structure, the furnace middle air supply means determines the flow rate of the air supplied between the primary chamber and the secondary chamber based on the signal from the oxygen concentration sensor. Therefore, smoke generation due to excessive air or insufficient air is prevented.

Further, according to the waste incinerator having the second structure, the secondary chamber temperature control means is configured so that when the temperature detected by the secondary chamber temperature sensor exceeds a preset temperature, the primary chamber is controlled. Water is jetted from the cooling water supply means to the primary chamber,
By lowering the temperature of the secondary chamber, the temperature of the secondary chamber is reduced to an appropriate temperature, so that smoking due to overheating is suppressed.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a waste incinerator for incinerating medical waste and the like, and FIG. 2 is AA of FIG.
FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the waste incinerator 1 has a primary chamber 3 for incinerating combustible waste 2, that is, combustible materials and flame-retardant materials, and a non-combustible waste 4, that is, incombustible materials for sterilization treatment. A secondary chamber 5 for heat treatment of necessary infectious medical waste, for example, waste related to a syringe or the like, is provided so as to be in communication with each other. The combustible waste 2 stored in the primary chamber 3 is carried in with the closing door 6 of the primary chamber 3 opened. On the other hand, incombustible waste 4 stored in the secondary chamber 5
Is carried in through a door opening (not shown), and after being heat-treated, it is carried out through the same door opening. An exhaust pipe 7 is provided above the secondary chamber 5, and is configured to exhaust the combustion gas generated in the primary chamber 3 and the combustion gas generated in the secondary chamber 5. Further, the closing door 6 of the primary chamber 2
In front of, there is a pre-charging chamber 8, and in the pre-charging chamber 8,
A waste stand 9 for placing the combustible waste 2 before being accommodated in the primary chamber 2 is provided, and although not shown, the same is provided in the secondary chamber 5. ..

The side wall of the primary chamber 3 is provided with a primary burner 10 (see FIG. 2) using, for example, city gas as a fuel, and the secondary chamber 5 is provided with a secondary burner 11. It is provided. Further, a plurality of air outlets 12 are opened on both side surfaces of the primary chamber 3, and a plurality of air outlets 13 are also opened on the bottom surface. Each air outlet 12,13
Is connected to the air delivery pipe 14, and the air delivery pipe 1
Reference numeral 4 is connected to an air source (not shown). A control valve 15 (see FIG. 2) that adjusts the flow rate of the air blown out from each of the air outlets 12 and 13 is provided in the middle of the air delivery pipe 14.

On the ceiling of the primary chamber 3, a water nozzle 1 for injecting water into the primary chamber 3 in order to adjust the temperature in the primary chamber 3.
6 is provided, and a water nozzle 17 for injecting water into the secondary chamber 5 is provided on the side surface of the secondary chamber 5 in order to adjust the temperature in the secondary chamber 5.

A high speed burner 1 is provided between the primary chamber 3 and the secondary chamber 5.
8 are provided. An air supply pipe 19 is provided on the primary chamber 3 side of the high speed burner 18. The high-speed burner 18 is provided to burn unburned gas generated in the process of burning the combustible waste 2 in the primary chamber 3, while the air supply pipe 19 is provided by the high-speed burner 18 or the like. It supplies the air necessary for burning unburned gas.
An air delivery pipe 20 is connected to the air supply pipe 19, and the air delivery pipe 20 is connected to the air source. A control valve 21 for adjusting the flow rate of the air flowing out from the air supply pipe 19 is provided in the middle of the air delivery pipe 20.

Further, the primary chamber 3 is provided with a temperature sensor 22 for detecting the temperature in the primary chamber 3 and outputting a signal corresponding to the temperature. The primary chamber 3 and the secondary chamber An oxygen concentration sensor 23 that detects the oxygen concentration in the combustion gas and outputs a signal corresponding to the oxygen concentration is provided between 5 and 5. Further, a temperature sensor 24 that detects the temperature in the secondary chamber 5 and outputs a signal corresponding to the temperature is arranged above the secondary chamber 5. The primary chamber temperature controller 25 attached to a control panel or the like (not shown) recognizes the actual temperature of the temperature sensor 22 installation area by inputting the signal output from the temperature sensor 22. The primary burner 1 so that the temperature is maintained at a preset temperature.
0, the control valve 15, and the water nozzle 16 are controlled. In addition, the secondary chamber temperature controller 26 is the temperature sensor 2
The secondary burner 11 is designed to recognize the actual temperature of the temperature sensor 24 installation area by inputting the signal output from the secondary burner 11 and to keep the temperature at a preset temperature.
And the water nozzles 16 and 17 are controlled. Furthermore,
The oxygen concentration controller 27 receives the signal output from the oxygen concentration sensor 23, recognizes the oxygen concentration in the area where the oxygen concentration sensor 23 is arranged, and keeps the concentration at a preset concentration. The control valve 21 is controlled.

A screw conveyor 28 is provided substantially below the air supply pipe 19 for discharging the ash of the combustible waste 2 after being burned in the primary chamber 3 to the outside of the waste incinerator 1. ing. The screw conveyor 28 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 30 for blowing air from the central portion toward the outer peripheral portion. The plurality of air outlets 30 are connected to the air delivery pipe 14.
Further, the non-combustible waste 4 contained in the secondary chamber 5 is placed on the rustle 29 made of ceramic or the like.

Next, the operation of the waste incinerator 1 will be described.
With the temperature of the primary chamber 3 set by the primary chamber temperature controller 25 and the temperature of the secondary chamber 5 set by the secondary chamber temperature controller 26, the primary burner 10 and the secondary burner 10 After the burner 11 is ignited, the control valve 15 is set to the initial predetermined opening degree, and the temperature inside the furnace is raised, as shown in FIG.
When the non-combustible waste 4 is placed in the secondary chamber 3 and placed on the grate 29 of the secondary chamber 5, the combustible waste 2 starts to burn and the non-combustible waste 4 is heated. Be started. Further, the high-speed burner 18 is also ignited before the combustion of the combustible waste 2 is started. When the combustion of the combustible waste 2 and the heating of the non-combustible waste 4 are started in this manner, the primary chamber temperature controller 25 detects the primary temperature based on the detection signal output from the temperature sensor 22. The actual temperature of the chamber 3 is recognized, and the primary burner 10 and the control valve 15 are controlled so that the actual temperature becomes the set temperature. Since the flow rate of the air supplied to the primary chamber 3 is adjusted according to the temperature of the primary chamber by the control of the control valve 15, thermal decomposition of the combustible waste 2 is suppressed and overheating in the primary chamber is prevented. Can be prevented. The secondary chamber temperature controller 26 recognizes the actual temperature of the secondary chamber 5 based on the detection signal output from the temperature sensor 24, and the secondary burner adjusts the actual temperature to the set temperature. Control 11

As described above, the primary chamber temperature controller 25 is
When the actual temperature of the primary chamber 3 exceeds the set temperature in the process of controlling the primary burner 10 and the control valve 15 so as to keep the actual temperature of the secondary chamber 3 at the set temperature. Opens the water nozzle 16 to inject water to lower the actual temperature of the primary chamber 3. Therefore, the water injection control suppresses the generation of excessive unburned gas due to overheating. Similarly, while the secondary chamber temperature controller 26 controls the secondary burner 11 so as to maintain the actual temperature of the secondary chamber 5 at the set temperature, the actual temperature of the secondary chamber 5 changes. When the temperature exceeds the set temperature, the water nozzles 16 and 17 are opened to inject water to lower the temperature of the primary chamber 3 and the actual temperature of the secondary chamber 5 to an appropriate temperature. The water injection control suppresses the generation of unburned gas due to overheating. The water nozzle 16 burns the combustible waste 2 in the primary chamber 3 in addition to lowering the actual temperature of the primary chamber 3 as described above, and then the next combustible waste 2 When the closing door 6 is opened by spraying water from the water nozzle 16 before storing it in the chamber 3.
Combustible waste 2 due to rapid inflow of outside air into the next chamber 3
Has a role of suppressing an air-through phenomenon in which a large amount of smoke is discharged from the exhaust stack 7 from the remaining portion of the exhaust gas.

In this way, the combustible waste 2 is burned and the non-combustible waste 4 is heated, and the oxygen concentration controller 27 inputs the signal output from the oxygen concentration sensor 23 to obtain the oxygen concentration. By recognizing the oxygen concentration in the area where the sensor 23 is arranged, controlling the control valve 21 so as to maintain the concentration at a preset concentration, and suppressing the flow rate of the air supplied from the air supply pipe 19, Prevents smoking due to excess or insufficient air.

As described above, the unburned gas is secondarily combusted, and the combustion heat obtained by the combustion is used to heat the incombustible waste 4 placed on the loss stole 29 of the secondary chamber 5. Used as a heat source of. That is, the combustion heat of the unburned gas by the high-speed burner 18 or the like becomes a secondary combustion heat flow as shown in FIG. Is heated by.

The ash of the combustible waste 2 after being burned in the primary chamber 3 is dropped onto a screw conveyor 28, and is carried out of the waste incinerator 1 by the screw conveyor 28. In addition, the incombustible waste 4 is heated and then the secondary chamber 5
Is unloaded from the door opening (not shown).

[0019]

As described above, according to the present invention, the combustible waste is stored in the primary chamber, and the non-combustible waste is stored in the secondary chamber communicating with the primary chamber. Then the primary bar
Help burn the combustible waste with a secondary burner and heat the non-combustible waste with 1
The primary chamber air supply means for adjusting the flow rate of the air supplied to the primary chamber to burn the combustible waste in the secondary chamber according to the temperature of the primary chamber, and the temperature of the primary chamber are preset. Between the primary chamber and the secondary chamber in a waste incinerator equipped with a primary chamber cooling water supply means for injecting water into the primary chamber when the temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature and lowering the temperature of the primary chamber. Oxygen concentration sensor that detects the oxygen concentration of the air and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected concentration, and the flow rate of the air supplied between the primary chamber and the secondary chamber is adjusted based on the signal from the oxygen concentration sensor. Since the air supply means for controlling the intermediate portion of the furnace is provided, the flow rate of the air supplied between the primary chamber and the secondary chamber is adjusted based on the signal from the oxygen concentration sensor. There is an effect that it is possible to prevent smoke generation.
Also, a secondary chamber temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the secondary chamber and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected temperature, and when the temperature detected by the secondary chamber temperature sensor exceeds a preset temperature. By injecting water from the primary chamber cooling water supply means into the primary chamber to lower the temperature of the primary chamber, 2
By providing the secondary chamber temperature control means for appropriately controlling the temperature of the next chamber, it is possible to suppress smoke generation due to overheating.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Waste incinerator 2 Combustible waste 3 Primary chamber 4 Non-combustible waste 5 Secondary chamber 6 Input door 7 Exhaust pipe 8 Pre-input chamber 9 Waste stand 10 Primary burner 11 Secondary bar Na 12 Air outlet 13 Air outlet 14 Air delivery pipe 15 Control valve 16 Water nozzle 17 Water nozzle 18 High speed burner 19 Air supply pipe 20 Air delivery pipe 21 Control valve 22 Temperature sensor 23 Oxygen concentration sensor 24 Temperature sensor 25 1 Secondary chamber temperature controller 26 Secondary chamber temperature controller 27 Oxygen concentration controller 28 Screw conveyor 29 Rostrul 30 Air outlet

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Combustible waste is accommodated in a primary chamber, and incombustible waste is accommodated in a secondary chamber communicating with the primary chamber, and the combustion is performed by a primary burner. To burn the combustible waste, heat the non-combustible waste by a secondary burner, etc., and set the flow rate of the air supplied to the primary chamber to burn the combustible waste in the primary chamber. Primary chamber air supply means for adjusting according to the temperature of the primary chamber, and when the temperature of the primary chamber exceeds a preset temperature, water is injected into the primary chamber to lower the temperature of the primary chamber. A waste incinerator having primary chamber cooling water supply means for detecting an oxygen concentration between the primary chamber and the secondary chamber, and outputting a signal corresponding to the detected concentration. In a furnace for adjusting the flow rate of the air supplied between the primary chamber and the secondary chamber based on the signal from the oxygen concentration sensor Waste incinerators, characterized in that a part air supply means. 2. Combustible waste is stored in a primary chamber, and incombustible waste is stored in a secondary chamber communicating with the primary chamber, and the combustion is performed by a primary burner. To burn the combustible waste, heat the non-combustible waste by a secondary burner, etc., and set the flow rate of the air supplied to the primary chamber to burn the combustible waste in the primary chamber. Primary chamber air supply means for adjusting according to the temperature of the primary chamber, and when the temperature of the primary chamber exceeds a preset temperature, water is injected into the primary chamber to lower the temperature of the primary chamber. A secondary chamber temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of a secondary chamber and outputting a signal corresponding to the detected temperature, and the secondary chamber. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a preset temperature, the primary chamber cooling water supply means supplies the primary water. Against water is injected, by lowering the temperature of the primary chamber, waste incinerators, characterized in that a secondary chamber temperature control means for appropriately controlling the temperature of the secondary chamber.