JPH08278009A - Stoker type incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To facilitate agitation of a substance to be incinerated and removal of residual sediment and to prevent the drop of the liquid content of the substance to be incinerated. CONSTITUTION: A stoker type incinerator comprises fixed grates 2 which are arranged in a stair-form manner so as to transfer a substance to be incinerated to below and on the upper surfaces 1 of which the substance to be incinerated is burnt, moving grates 3 moved in a transfer direction A along the upper surfaces 1 of the fixed grates 2, and air ducts 4 and 5 in which the grates 2 and 3 are placed and integrally supported and through which combustion air (a) fed to the upper surfaces 1 is guided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stoker type incinerator for incinerating municipal solid waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a stoker type incinerator is constructed by installing a grate (Rost) in a staircase pattern, and by injecting an incinerated material such as municipal waste from a hopper provided at the upper end side of the stoker type incinerator, Is slid down along the grate and burned by the supply of combustion air, and cinders (incineration ash) are discharged at the lower end side. The grate is provided with, for example, every other fixed part and moving part in the width direction, and by the swinging motion of the moving part grate, transfer and stirring of dust is performed.

[0003]

In the conventional stoker type incinerator, however, the rocking of the moving part is sufficient to agitate the dust layer and to remove the deposits (unburnt substances) accumulated on the grate. There is a problem in that it is difficult to carry out, and the liquid and powder contained in the dust fall from the grate due to the rocking, and it takes time to process the liquid.

Therefore, the present invention was devised to provide a stoker-type incinerator which can easily stir the dust layer and remove residual deposits, and can prevent liquid components from falling.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a fixed rostrut which is provided in a step-like manner for transferring an incinerated material downward and burns the incinerated material on its upper surface, and a fixed rostrut in the transfer direction along the upper surface of the fixed rostrut. It is provided with a moving moving struts and an air duct on which these struts are placed and integrally supported and which guides combustion air to be supplied to the upper surface. The fixed rostrut preferably has a weir portion projecting upward at its rear end, and has a rail which engages with the lower surface of the air duct supporting the moving rostrut and slides. preferable. Further, it is preferable that the air duct of the moving grate has a scraper that is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the fixed grate. Further, it is preferable that the air duct has an ejection port for supplying combustion air downward to the upper surface of the fixed rostrur, and a damper for adjusting the air amount on the inlet side thereof. Is preferred.

[0006]

With the above-mentioned structure, the fixed rostrut is burned on the upper surface while sliding down the material to be incinerated by being supplied with the combustion air from the air duct. The moving rostrut slides on the upper surface of the fixed rostrut together with the air duct that supports it to transfer and stir the incineration object, and removes the residual deposit accumulated on the upper surface of the fixed rostrut. The weir prevents the liquid content and powder contained in the incinerated material from falling behind the roster of each stage. The rail guides the moving rustles and their air ducts moving in the transfer direction. The scraper scrapes off the residual deposits on the fixed grate by the movement of the moving grate. The ejection port supplies combustion air downward to the upper surface of the fixed grate to promote combustion of the material to be incinerated. The damper adjusts the amount of air supplied to each stage.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a stoker type incinerator according to the present invention. This stoker-type incinerator has a fixed rostrur 2 provided in a stepped manner with the upper surface 1 slightly inclined, for example, about 2 to 3 °, and a movement that moves in the transfer direction A along the upper surface 1 of the fixed rostr 2 It is mainly configured by a grate 3 and air ducts 4 and 5 on which the grate 2 and 3 are placed and integrally supported. In the present embodiment, the fixed loss 2 is provided in three stages. A dust input port 6 is provided above the upper fixed roster 2 and a lowermost rostrut 7 partitioned by a metal plate into a box-shaped rectangular section is provided below the lower fixed rostrur 2. The fixed rostrur 2 of each stage is positioned so that the front end thereof and the rear end of the fixed roster 2 of the lower stage overlap by a predetermined small length. In addition, the movable rostruts 3 are provided above the fixed rostruts 2 and the bottommost rostruls 7 with a total of four stages with a similar inclination. That is, the movable rostrus 3 and the air ducts 5 thereof are provided above and below the fixed rostrur 2 and the air ducts 4 of each stage so as to be alternately stacked.

The fixed rostrut 2 and the moving rostrut 3 are formed in the same shape. As shown in FIG. 4, the rostruts 2 and 3 are made of a thick plate having high heat resistance such as a Cr—Ni alloy, and a weir portion 8 protruding at a right angle at a predetermined height is provided at the rear end portion of the upper surface 1. Has been formed. Further, on the upper surface 1, two rails 10 extending in the transfer direction from the dam portion 8 to the front end 9 are formed in parallel with each other at the same height as the dam portion 8. For incineration of easily liquefied plastic or the like, a weir slightly lower than the weir portion 8 may be formed on the front surface to provide a liquid pool. The three rostruts 2 and 3 are juxtaposed in the machine width direction without a gap, and substantially form an incineration surface for dust. Meanwhile, air ducts 4, 5
Has a length in the transfer direction which is substantially the same as the lengths of the rostruls 2 and 3, and is formed in a box shape having a rectangular cross section with a width of three lostrles 2 and 3. The front ends 9 of the air ducts 4 and 5 are attached to the front ends 9 and the rear ends (positions of the dam portions 8) of the grates 2 and 3.
Wall portions 13 and 14 that engage with 1 and the rear end surface 12 are formed so as to extend downward. Also, the front end faces 1 of the air ducts 4 and 5
1, a scraper 16 is formed on the extension of the lower surface 15 of the scraper. A rectangular opening 18 is formed in front of the upper surface 17 of each of the air ducts 4 and 5 at each position of the rostrtors 2 and 3, and the front ends of the rostruts 2 and 3 placed in front of the openings 18 are placed. Between the lower surface 20 of
And the front end faces 11 of the air ducts 4 and 5 and the rustles 2 and 3
A jet port 19 for jetting the combustion air a downward is defined between the front end wall portion 13 and the front end wall portion 13. Further, on the lower surfaces 20 of the grates 2 and 3, leg portions 21 that are fitted to both ends of the opening 18 in the width direction are formed. In addition, in this embodiment, the fixed rostrut 2 and the moving rostrut 3 are configured to have the same shape, but they may be configured to have different shapes. For example, it is conceivable to omit the weir portion 8 in the moving roster 3.

As shown in FIG. 5, the air duct 4 and the lowermost rostrut 7 of the fixed rostrut 2 are connected to metal (SUS) support ducts 22 and 23 provided upright on both sides in the machine width direction. . The upper portions of the support ducts 22 and 23 are formed in a stepped shape, and the combustion air a is introduced through the connecting portion 24. Combustion air a supply ports 25, 26 are provided upstream of the lower ends of the support ducts 22, 23 for transfer.
Is provided. The support ducts 22 and 23 are
As shown by the broken line in FIG. 5, a part of communication may be adopted. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, a slide plate 27 for allowing the extension (s) due to the thermal expansion of the air duct 4 at the connecting portion 24 between the support duct 23 and the air duct 4.
Is provided. One end of the slide plate 27 is fixed to the inner wall of the open end of the support duct 23 by welding, and the other end is slidably engaged with the inner surface of the end of the air duct 4. This slide joint structure may be provided on either one of both side connecting portions of the air duct 4 (see FIG. 3).

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, each air duct 5 of the moving rostrut 3 has its front end side slidably supported on the fixed rostrut 2 therebelow, and its rear end side is a universal pipe joint. Support pipes 30, 3 via 28, 29
It is supported by 1, 32 and the moving duct 33.
The universal pipe joint 28 attached to the support pipes 30, 31, 32 is a pipe body bent at a right angle,
Is configured to be rotatable about an axis in the machine width direction. The moving duct 33 is provided movably in the transfer direction A on the support rail 35 attached to the two-stage rail supports 34 and 49. The lower rail support 49 is supported by the lower portions 50 of the support supports 22 and 23. A hydraulic cylinder 36, which is a moving means, is provided below the uppermost stage and below the second-stage moving roaster 3 from the top.
Are connected.

As shown in FIG. 7, the moving duct 33 is
A slide joint portion 38 connected to a combustion air supply pipe 37 provided in the center of the machine width direction, and a transfer direction A of the slide joint portion 38.
It is composed of branch duct portions 39 and 40 folded back to the upstream side, and a linear universal joint 29 extending to the downstream side in the transfer direction A is attached to the branch position. The universal pipe joint 29 is connected to the air duct 5 of the lowermost moving rostrut 3. The combustion air supply pipe 37 is appropriately bent and raised from the level of the supply ports 25 and 26 of the support ducts 39 and 40 to the level of the air duct 5 of the lowermost moving loss stole 3. Slide joint part 38
Has a distal end portion of the combustion air supply pipe 37 slidably inserted therein and is slidable over a predetermined length. Support pipes 30 ... 32 that are respectively connected to the air ducts 5 of the moving roasters 3 at the respective stages except the lowest stage are erected at appropriate intervals in the branch duct portions 39 and 40, and the combustion air supply pipes are provided. Combustion air a supplied from 37 is introduced into the air duct 5 at each stage. 32, and a damper 4 for adjusting the amount of air in the middle of the support pipes 30 ... 32 and the universal joint pipe 29.
1 is provided. Further, slide boots 42 and 43 that engage with the support rails 35 are attached to the front and rear ends of the lower surfaces of the branch duct portions 39 and 40. Support rail 35
Is inclined at the same angle as the inclination of each of the rostruts 2 and 3 and the air dusts 4 and 5, and the moving duct 33 is moved and held in a state parallel to these.

A main body 44 of the hydraulic cylinder 36 is supported by a rail support 34 via a bracket member 46, and a tip end of a piston rod 45 is connected to a rear end surface 12 of an air duct 5 of a second stage moving loss stole 3. . The stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 36 is formed as a length that the moving roster 3 moves between the upper and lower fixed rostrus 2, that is, an amount substantially corresponding to the length of the fixed rostrut 2. A hydraulic supply source and a control valve (not shown) are connected to the main body 44,
By opening / closing the control valve, the return operation is performed at a predetermined cycle or at an arbitrary time.

In addition to this, in this stoker type incinerator, the rear of the rosters 2 and 3 and the hydraulic cylinder 3 from the dust inlet 6.
A rear housing 47 that covers 6 and the like is provided. Although not shown in the drawings, a front housing that substantially determines the capacity of the incinerator is provided above and in front of the roastles 2 and 3. In addition, support legs 48 projecting in the machine width direction are provided at the lower portions 50 of the support ducts 22 and 23 at the position of the lower fixed roster 2 and the position of the upper fixed roster 2. A post-combustion stoker (not shown) is provided below the lowermost stage rostrut 7.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

The dust thrown into the furnace from the dust throwing port 6 is transferred from the fixed rostrur 2 at the upper stage so as to slide down due to the inclination of the upper surface 1 and the head of each stage, while being blown down. Is burned by the supply of the combustion air a from. A burner or the like may be used as the ignition means or auxiliary combustion means for this combustion. Then, as the hydraulic cylinder 36 is extended, the moving rostruts 3 and the air ducts 5 of the respective stages are simultaneously pushed in the transfer direction A. That is, from the position where the moving rostrut 3 and its air duct 5 completely overlap with the fixed rostrur 2 and the air duct 4 above it, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. Advance to the desired position. After that, the hydraulic cylinder 36 is shortened to retract to the original position. By this reciprocating movement, the transfer of the dust to the lower side is promoted, and at the same time, the dust layer is appropriately stirred and good combustion is obtained. Further, when the moving loss 3 is advanced, the moving loss 3 also functions as a combustion bed, and the upper surface 1 also burns dust. In addition, the movement of the moving rustles 3 may be such that the moving rustles 3 are always reciprocated at a low speed, or may be moved intermittently (periodically).

The unburned deposits, incineration ash and other deposits remaining on the upper surface 1 of the fixed rostrut 2 without being transferred are accumulated in the sliding air duct 5 as the moving rostrut 3 and its air duct 5 advance. The front end surface 11 and the scraper 16 scrape the material toward the downstream side in the transport direction A. Then, the deposits attached to the upper surface 1 of the moving rostrur 2 are also moved by the scraper 16 by moving relative to the air duct 4 of the upper fixed rostrut 2 when retreating. Further, unburned materials such as liquids and powders contained in the waste exude from the waste layer onto the rostles 2 and 3 as they are transferred or stirred. It is blocked from flowing out from the rear end, and flows down along the slope of the upper surface 1.

As described above, the movable loss struts 3 which reciprocate in the transfer direction A are provided above and below the fixed loss struts 2 which are provided stepwise, and the air ducts 4 and 5 which integrally support these lost struts 2 and 3. Since the combustion air a is supplied by the above, the moving loss 3 and its air duct 5
However, it is possible to transfer and stir the dust while maintaining the state of being vertically stacked with the fixed loss 2 and the air duct 4, which are the fixed sides, and to prevent the removal of residual deposits and the drop of liquids etc. You can Further, since the rostruts 2 and 3 can be directly cooled by the combustion air a of the air ducts 4 and 5, the lifespan of the rostruts 2 and 3 can be extended. Since the weir portion 8 is provided at the rear ends of the rostruts 2 and 3, it is possible to prevent liquid components, powders, and the like in the dust from falling below the rostruts 2 and 3, thereby cleaning the furnace and cleaning the driving parts. The maintenance work can be reduced. Further, since the rails 10 are formed on the upper surfaces 1 of the grates 2 and 3, the moving grate 3 and its air duct 5 can be smoothly moved, and the liquid content and the like can be prevented from falling in the width direction. Further, since the scraper 16 is provided at the front ends of the air ducts 4 and 5 so as to be in sliding contact with the upper surfaces of the rostruts 2 and 3, the residual deposits can be removed more effectively. Also air ducts 4, 5
Since the ejection port 19 of is formed downward with respect to the upper surface 1 of the rustles 2 and 3, the combustion air a can be effectively supplied to the dust layer without being blocked by dust or unburned substances. . 31 and the universal pipe joint 29, which is the inlet side of the moving air duct 5, and the damper 41.
Since it is provided, it is possible to supply an optimum air amount for combustion in each stage.

In this embodiment, the moving loss 3
As a member for supporting the air duct 5 of the combustion air a
Although the support pipes 30 ... 32 also serving as the passages are provided, an air hose may be provided separately from the supporting member so that the combustion air a can be introduced into the air duct 5 separately. Further, the damper 41 may be provided on the inlet side of the fixed air duct 4.

[0020]

In summary, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily stir the refuse layer, which is the material to be incinerated, and remove the residual deposit,
It is possible to prevent liquids from falling. In addition, since the cooling effect of the grate is great, a long life of the grate can be secured. Further, since a damper is provided at each stage inlet to control the amount of air, optimum combustion is achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a stoker incinerator of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the roster and air duct of FIG.

5 is a perspective view showing a main part of FIG. 1. FIG.

6 is a sectional view of a B part in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a main part of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Upper surface 2 Fixed rostrut 3 Moving rostrut 4,5 Air duct 8 Weir part 10 Rail 16 Scraper 19 Jet outlet 41 Damper A Transfer direction a Combustion air

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A fixed rostrut which is provided in a step-like manner for transferring the incinerated material downward and burns the incinerated material on its upper surface, and a moving rostrut which moves in the transfer direction along the upper surface of the fixed rostrut, and these. A stoker-type incinerator, comprising: an air duct on which a roster is placed and integrally supported, and which guides combustion air supplied to the upper surface. 2. The stoker-type incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the fixed grate has a weir part protruding upward at a rear end part thereof. 3. The stoker incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the fixed rostrut has a rail that engages with and slides on a lower surface of an air duct that supports the moving rostrut. 4. The stoker-type incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the air duct of the moving rostrut has a scraper that is in sliding contact with the upper surface of the fixed rostrut. 5. The stoker incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the air duct has an ejection port for supplying combustion air downward to the upper surface of the grate. 6. The stoker incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the air duct has a damper on the inlet side for adjusting the amount of air.