JPH08277856A - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a one-way clutch provided with a retainer not needing dimensional control to obtain appropriate fixing force while being able to set a spring constant to the desired degree without needing parts such as a drag clip. CONSTITUTION: A one-way clutch is composed of a plurarity of sprags arranged in an annular space between an outer ring and an inner ring, a retainer 5 for holding these sprags, ribbon springs energized to the sprags in a fixed direction, and the like. The outer retainer 5 is composed of both side ring parts 51, 52, bar parts 54 for connecting the ring parts 51, 52, and pocket parts 53 formed by the cylindrical parts 54 and the ring parts 51, 52. Protruding parts 54a with the circumscribed circle diameter slightly larger than the outer ring inner peripheral surface diameter are formed at the approximately center parts of the bar parts 54, and both side ring parts 51, 52 are provided with cut-off parts 5a, 5b suppressed in axial movement.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a one-way clutch used in a speed change mechanism of an automobile, and more particularly to a sprag for which a spring constant can be set low and dimensional control is unnecessary when obtaining an appropriate fixing force. And a one-way clutch with a retainer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A one-way clutch, as shown in FIG.
An outer ring 1 having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface (raceway surface) 1a, and an inner ring 2 arranged concentrically with the outer ring 1 and having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface.
A plurality of sprags 3 arranged in an annular space 4 formed between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2, and an outer cage 15 and an inner cage for holding the plurality of sprags 3 at predetermined positions. 16 and a spring (ribbon spring) 7 for urging the sprag 3 in a predetermined position. In this case, the outer ring (which may be the inner ring 2) 1 is a driving wheel that exerts a rotational force on the sprag 3, but in order to reliably transmit this operation to the sprag during rapid acceleration / deceleration of the transmission mechanism, the cage and the outer ring 1 (Or the inner ring 2) may be provided with a frictional force applying means.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the outer cage 15. As a frictional force imparting means for the inner peripheral surface 1a of the outer ring 1, a column portion 154 between the adjacent pockets 153 and 153 is provided. It is proposed that a drag protrusion 154a that is bent in the outer diameter direction of the central portion is formed. In this case, the annular portions 151 and 152 of the cage 5 are the pockets 153.
Has butted end portions 151a and 152a substantially at the center thereof, and is joined by welding (actual opening flat 6-51571).
issue).

As another example, a one-way clutch as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 has been proposed. FIG. 12 is an axial sectional view of this one-way clutch. In the one-way clutch, a sprag 3 is arranged in an annular space 4 between an outer ring 1 and an inner ring 2, an outer cage 25 and an inner cage 26 hold the sprag 3, and end bearings 9 are provided on both side surfaces. ,
9 is arranged (actual fairness 1-40345).
issue). 10 is a plan view of the outer retainer 25, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. In this case, the outer ring 1 is the driving wheel, but the outer cage 25 has a protruding portion for cutting the central portion of the pillar portion 254 between the pocket 253 and the pocket 253 outward to bend the outer cage 1 into contact with the inner peripheral surface 1 a of the outer ring 1. 255 is formed. And the protruding portion 255 of the outer cage 25
Is a frictional force applying means between the outer wheel (driving wheel) 1 and the outer cage 25. As other frictional force applying means between the drive wheel and the retainer, a drag clip may be attached to the retainer, or the retainer may be T-bar processed.

[0005]

Various methods have been proposed as described above for transmitting the rotational force from the drive wheels to the sprags via the retainer during rapid acceleration / deceleration. In the case where the drag protrusion 154a is formed in the outer diameter direction of the column center portion of the outer cage 15 as described above, the rigidity is high and the radial dimension of the drag protrusion (outer diameter dimension between the drag protrusions) varies. The fixing force tends to be unstable. That is, if the outer diameter between the drag protrusions is large, the fixing force with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring becomes too strong, and conversely, if the outer diameter between the drag protrusions is small, the fixing force with the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring becomes too weak. Or
In addition, the cage of the type shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 also has a high rigidity, so that the spring constant tends to be high, and dimensional control is required. Further, the one using the drag clip has a large number of parts and requires a lot of work steps even when it is attached to the cage, resulting in high cost, and the T-bar machining type cannot be applied to the one using the end bearing. There is.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems and requires no parts such as drag clips.
An object of the present invention is to provide a one-way clutch provided with a retainer in which the spring constant can be appropriately set and dimension control is unnecessary for obtaining an appropriate fixing force.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a plurality of sprags arranged in an outer ring, an inner ring, and an annular space formed between the outer ring and the inner ring, and these sprags. In a one-way clutch configured with outer and inner cages for holding and a ribbon spring or the like for biasing the sprag in a certain direction, and transmitting torque when the outer ring rotates in one direction, the outer cage is provided with annular portions on both sides. And a pillar portion connecting the annular portions and a pocket formed by the pillar portion and the annular portion for arranging the sprags, and the diameter of the circumscribed circle at the substantially central portion of the pillar portion is the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring. Is formed on the outer side in the radial direction, and further, the both side annular portions are provided with a separating portion whose axial movement is suppressed. Also,
A disconnecting portion is provided on one annular portion of the pocket of the outer cage, and a disconnecting portion is also provided on the other annular portion of the pocket adjacent to the pocket, and further, between the pillar portion and the annular portion between these pockets. It is characterized in that a separating portion is provided between them. Alternatively, a disconnecting portion is provided in one annular portion of the pocket of the outer retainer, and a disconnecting portion is provided in the other annular portion of the adjacent pocket placed with the pocket, and the disconnecting portion is provided between the pocket and the adjacent pocket. It is characterized in that a separating portion is provided between the pillar portion and the respective annular portions of the pillar portion between the adjacent pocket and the adjacent one pocket.

[0008]

According to the means of the present invention, the outer cage 5 is provided with the cut-off portions 5a and 5b so that the outer cage 5 can be attached to the outer ring 1.
When fitting into the inner peripheral surface 1a of the
Even if the diameter of the circumscribed circle of 4a is slightly larger than the diameter of the inner peripheral surface 1a of the outer ring 1, it can be elastically fitted, and an appropriate frictional force can be exerted between the protrusion 54a and the inner peripheral surface 1a of the outer ring 1. Can be operated. Further, by the means (1) and (2), when the detached portions of the outer cages on both sides of the detached portion are axially displaced, they collide with each other and a slight displacement can be achieved. Further, the frictional force between the protrusion of the outer cage and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring can be adjusted by adjusting the separation width of the separation portion.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of the one-way clutch of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a P portion of FIG. In order to avoid duplication, the same parts will be described by using the same reference numerals as those of the parts described in the related art. The one-way clutch includes an outer ring 1, an inner ring 2, a large number of sprags 3 arranged in an annular space 4 formed between the outer ring and the inner ring, and an outer cage 5 (hereinafter, cage) that holds these sprags 3. 5) and an inner cage 6 for holding the sprag 3 in the same manner.
And a ribbon spring 7 for urging the sprag 3 in a certain direction. This one-way clutch is such that when the outer ring 1 rotates in the direction of arrow Q, the inner ring 2 passes through the sprags 3.
When the rotational force is transmitted to the side and rotates in the opposite direction, it becomes idling.

As described above, since the outer ring 1 serves as a drive wheel, the cage 5 is integrally rotated with the rotation of the outer ring 1 in the direction of arrow Q to transmit the rotational force to the sprag 3. . As shown in FIG. 3, the cage 5 includes annular portions 51 and 52 on both sides, pockets 53 for holding the sprags 3, ..., And a column portion formed between the pockets 53 and 53. And 54. The annular portion 51 of the retainer 5 is also provided with a disconnecting portion 5a.
2 is provided with cut-off portions 5b, respectively, and the cut-off portions 5a, 5b allow the retainer 5 itself to be elastically displaced to some extent in the radial direction. And the cage 5
A protrusion 54a is formed on the outer side in the radial direction at the substantially central portion of the column portion 54 by pressing or the like. The diameter of the circumscribed circle of the protrusion 54a is a frictional force between the protrusion 54a and the inner peripheral surface 1a of the outer ring 1. In order to allow the above action, the diameter is set to be slightly larger than the diameter of the inner peripheral surface 1a of the outer ring 1. In addition, the separating portion 5b
Is not the same pocket 53 but the annular part 52 of the next pocket
It may be provided in.

As described above, by providing the retainer 5 with the separating portions 5a and 5b, the retainer 5 is attached to the outer ring 1
When fitting into the inner peripheral surface 1a of the retainer 5, the diameter of the circumscribing circle of the protrusion 54a formed on the column portion 54 of the retainer 5 is made slightly larger than the diameter of the inner peripheral surface 1a of the outer ring 1 so as to be elastically fitted. Is possible. Then, an appropriate frictional force can be applied between the protrusion 54a and the inner peripheral surface 1a of the outer ring 1.
Next, the divided shape of the separating portions 5a and 5b will be described.

4 (A) and 4 (B) show a separating portion 5a,
It is a top view of the said retainer 5 containing 5b. The retainer 5
As shown in FIG. 4 (A), the cut-off portions 5a and 5b provided at the center of the pocket 53 of the retainer 5 are provided at the annular portions 51 and 52 on both sides of the center, or as shown in FIG. 4 (B). , Annular portions 51 and 5 on both sides of the corner of the pocket 53
2 is provided with separation parts 5a and 5b. In this case, the cut-off portions 5a and 5b are not formed parallel to the axial direction, but provided so as to have a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction (an embodiment in which the cut-off portions 5a and 5b are provided parallel to the axial direction will be described later). To). Thus, the obliquely separating portions 5a, 5
If b is provided, when one end of the detaching portion 5a5b of the retainer on both sides of the detaching portion 5a or 5b is axially displaced, they collide with each other and a slight displacement can be made.
Further, by appropriately adjusting the dividing width of the separating portions 5a and 5b, the protrusion 54a of the column portion 54 of the cage 5 and the outer ring 1 can be formed.
The frictional force between the inner peripheral surface 1a and the inner peripheral surface 1a can be adjusted.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are plan views of the retainer 5 including the cut-off portions 5a and 5b according to another embodiment.
In the embodiment of FIG. 5A, the pocket 53 of the cage 5 is
One annular portion 51 located at the corner of the pocket 53 is provided with a separating portion 5a, and the other annular portion 51 located at the corner of the pocket 53 adjacent to the pocket 53 is provided with the separating portion 5a. A separation 5c is provided between the column portion 54 and the annular portion 51 between 53. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5B, a separating portion 5a is provided on one annular portion 51 at one corner of the pocket 53 of the cage 5, and the pocket 53 and the adjacent pocket 5 are placed next to each other.
A separating portion 5b is provided in the other annular portion 52 at the corner of the three corners, and a pillar portion between the pocket 53 and the adjacent pocket 53 and a pillar portion 54 between the pocket 53 and the adjacent pocket 53 placed one by one. Separated portions 5c and 5d are provided between the respective separate annular portions 51 and 52. According to this embodiment,
The axial displacement of the cage 5 can be further reduced. The separating portions 5a and 5b of this embodiment may be provided in parallel with the axial direction or may be provided at a constant angle with respect to the axial direction.

FIG. 6 shows various embodiments of the sectional shape of the cage 5 used in the one-way clutch described above. FIG. 6 (A)
1 is a sectional view of the cage 5 of the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. The cage is made of a metal plate such as a steel plate, and a protrusion 54a is formed at the center of the pillar 54. . The spring constant can be set low by setting the cross-sectional shape as shown in this figure. FIG. 6B shows that the pillar portion 54 of the cage 5 is provided with the protrusion 54 a and the annular portions 51 on both sides are formed.
This is the cross-sectional shape in the case of forming the flange portions 51a and 52a on the and 52, but in this case, the spring constant of the entire cage 5 can be increased. FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view of the pillar portion 54 of the cage 5 when the cage 5 is made of synthetic resin. In the above-described embodiment, a plate material such as a steel plate is used, and the protrusion 54a is formed by pressing the column portion 54, but in this embodiment, the protrusion 54a is formed by resin molding. Figure 6
(D) is a cross-sectional view of the pillar portion 54 of the cage 5 when the cage 5 is made of synthetic resin. Also in this embodiment, FIG.
As shown in (C), the cage 5 is made of synthetic resin, and the protrusions 54a of the pillars 54 are also formed by resin molding.
Further, in this embodiment, the collar portion 51 is provided on the annular portions 51 and 52.
a and 52a are formed. 6 (C) and 6
Instead of molding the cage 5 of (D) with a synthetic resin, it may be formed of a deformed drawing material having the same shape. As described above, the cross-sectional shape of the cage 5 can be variously changed according to the material used, and the spring constant can be freely set.

FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the cage 5 made of resin. The cage 5 of this embodiment is made of synthetic resin, and a protrusion 54a is formed at the center of the pillar 54 between the pockets 53. Further, the piano wires 8, 8 are attached to the annular portions 51 and 52 of the retainer 5.
Are buried by insert molding. In this embodiment, the spring constant can be changed by changing the diameters of the piano wires 8, 8.

[0016]

As described in detail above, according to the one-way clutch of the present invention, when the rotational force is transmitted from the drive wheel (outer ring or inner ring) to the sprag through the retainer as in the conventional retainer, the retainer is retained. It is not necessary to use a separate part such as a drag clip to bring the container into close contact. Furthermore, the spring constant can be set so as to obtain an appropriate fixing force between the drive wheel and the cage. Further, after the cage is incorporated in the outer ring, the dimension is determined by the race diameter (inner peripheral diameter) of the outer ring, so that it is not necessary to make the dimensional accuracy of the cage strict, and therefore dimensional control is also unnecessary. Furthermore, if a slit material of steel plate is used as the material of the cage, it is possible to perform bending after pocket punching, so that the material yield can be greatly improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a one-way clutch of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a P part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cage that constitutes the one-way clutch of the present invention.

FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are plan views of a retainer including a separating portion.

5 (A) and 5 (B) are plan views of a retainer having a disconnecting portion according to another embodiment.

6 (A) to 6 (D) are views showing various examples of the sectional shape of the cage used in the one-way clutch described above.

FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of a case that is made of resin for a cage that constitutes the one-way clutch of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partial sectional view of a conventional one-way clutch in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of a retainer used in a conventional one-way clutch.

FIG. 10 is an axial sectional view of a conventional one-way clutch.

11 is a front view of a cage used in the one-way clutch shown in FIG.

12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Outer ring 1a Outer ring inner peripheral surface (raceway surface) 2 Inner ring 3 Sprag 5 Retainer 5a, 5b Detachment part 5c, 5d Detachment part 51, 52 Annular part 53 Pocket 54 Column part 54a Projection part

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of sprags arranged in an annular space formed between the outer ring and the inner ring, outer and inner cages for holding these sprags, and a ribbon for urging the sprags in a predetermined direction. In a one-way clutch composed of a spring or the like, which transmits torque when the outer ring rotates in one direction, the outer cage includes a pillar portion that connects the annular portions on both sides and the pillar portion and the annular portion. Formed by a pocket for arranging a sprag, and a projection portion having a diameter of a circumscribing circle that is slightly larger than a diameter of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring is formed at a substantially central portion of the column portion on a radially outer side, Further, the one-way clutch is characterized in that the both annular portions are provided with disengagement portions whose axial movement is suppressed. 2. The outer retainer is provided with a disconnecting portion in one annular portion of the pockets and also in the other annular portion of a pocket adjacent to the pocket, and further with a pillar portion between the pockets. The one-way clutch according to claim 1, wherein a disengagement portion is provided between the annular portion and the annular portion. 3. An outer retainer pocket is provided with a disconnecting portion in one annular portion thereof, and in the other annular portion of an adjacent pocket placed with the pocket, a disconnecting portion is provided, and the pocket and the adjacent pocket are separated from each other. 3. A disconnecting portion is provided between the pillar portion between them and the respective annular portions of the pillar portion between the adjacent pocket and the adjacent pocket placed one by one. A one-way clutch according to item.