JPH08276711A - Tire for winter season, slip preventing brush member therefor, and tire slip preventing method for winter season - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide excellent gripping force, in a tire for winter season whose contact surface with a road surface is formed with a plurality of slip preventing structures, by forming the slip preventing structure out of a brush part consisting of a plurality of wires extending in the radial direction from a proximity part to the contact surface of a tread part with the road surface. CONSTITUTION: A water absorption groove 7 is formed at the contact surface 6a of the tread part 6 of a tire 5 with a road surface, and a brush member 1 is pressed and fixed in the water absorption groove 7 to constitute a slip preventing structure. The water absorption groove 7 is provided with a fitting part 7a for fitting the circular part 2 of the brush member 1, and a tubular part 7b which surrounds the body part 3 of the brush member 1, and the whole depth t3 is set so that the free end of respective wires 3a may be positioned near the tread surface 6a. The brush member 1 is constituted of a metallic circular part 2 formed with an opening in the center, and the body part 3 which is formed by bonding, to each other, the ends of a plurality of wires 3a passing through the opening 2a1 in the circular part 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to prevention of a tire slip phenomenon that occurs on a road surface that is wet with rainwater, a snowy frozen road, or the like, and particularly in winter when excellent running performance can be obtained on a snowy frozen road. Tire, and an anti-slip brush member used for this winter tire,
The present invention also relates to a method for preventing tire slip in winter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The majority of accidents that occur in winter in cold snow areas are slip accidents. This is, of course, because the frictional resistance between the road surface and the tire is reduced due to freezing of the road surface, snowfall, etc., and braking and operability are significantly reduced. Therefore, in cold snowy areas, measures such as removing snow from roads are being promoted and equipment for that purpose is being expanded.However, in winter when the weather changes drastically, it is not possible to maintain good road surface conditions in all areas. This is virtually impossible, and in order to prevent slip accidents, in addition to securing the road surface condition, it is necessary to take measures to prevent slippage on the vehicle side.

As a measure for preventing slippage on the vehicle side during snow, it has hitherto been considered that mounting spike tires is most effective. However, in this spike tire, a large number of metal spike pins are embedded in the tread of the tire, and the metal spike pins are used on the snow surface, or
Since the tire is gripped on an icy road surface to obtain a grip force, there is a problem that the road surface is shaved off on a normal dry road to cause dust pollution.
Therefore, at present, except for some areas, its use is prohibited, and instead, studless tires without spike pins are attracting attention, and high usage rates have been obtained as winter tires.

This studless tire has a special compound, a tread pattern excellent in drainage, and a large number of slits formed on the tread surface to enhance the grip of the tire. For example, studless tires that are commonly used at present use a compound containing fine air bubbles, and by cutting this to form the surface of the tread, a concave portion made of fine air bubbles is formed on the surface, A strong gripping force is obtained by the suction action in the recess.

[0005]

However, in the current studless tire as described above, since the bubbles contained in the compound are randomly formed, the distribution amount of the concave portions appearing on the surface becomes uneven. It is easy to become. Therefore, the produced tires have remarkable variations in gripping force, and in some cases, the compounding effect may not be exhibited even if the tires are inferior.

Further, it has been reported that the present studless tires are significantly inferior to the spiked tires in terms of braking performance and operability even if the compound and the tread pattern function effectively. Therefore, from the viewpoint of traffic such as anti-slip measures in winter and securing of traffic capacity, it can be said that the situation has clearly receded or deteriorated compared to when the spike tires are used. Of course, dust pollution around roads when using spiked tires is extremely serious, and given the fact that this has been greatly reduced, it seems that the application of the current legal regulations is appropriate, Increases and reductions in traffic capacity are also important issues. In cold and snowy areas, measures that can simultaneously solve the above traffic problems and dust pollution are urgently needed.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration, for example. That is, the present invention is a winter tire having a number of slip prevention structures formed on a contact surface with a road surface, the slip prevention structure having a predetermined depth inward from the contact surface with the road surface. It is composed of a formed tubular water absorption groove and a slip prevention brush member consisting of a large number of wire rods held in the water absorption groove, and the water absorption groove is expanded and deformed when facing the road surface to negatively affect the inner space of the water absorption groove. By generating a pressure and sucking the water interposed between the road surface and the tread surface by the negative pressure, and holding the sucked water between the plurality of wire rods, between the tread surface and the road surface. The gripping force of the tire to the road surface is generated by generating the adsorbing force and the freezing force, and the water retained between the wire rods when the water absorbing groove moves to the position not facing the road surface, the restoring force of the water absorbing groove and the , By rotating the tire The centrifugal force generated Te is obtained so as to be discharged to the outside.

Further, according to the winter tire of the present invention, since the tire has excellent drainage on the tread surface as described above, it has an excellent grip not only on a snow-freezing road but also on a road surface wet with rainwater. Can gain power,
Effective in all seasons.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 are views showing a winter tire and a slip preventing brush member used in the winter tire according to a first embodiment of the present invention. First, a slip prevention brush member (hereinafter simply referred to as a brush member) in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Brush member 1 shown here
Is an annular part 2 made of metal having an opening formed in the central part.
And the body portion 3 that is inserted into the opening portion 2a1 of the annular portion 2.
Consists of

In this embodiment, the annular portion 2 is formed in a container shape as a whole by providing a rising portion 2b on a peripheral portion of an annular bottom portion 2a and using iron as a material. . The material of the annular portion 2 is not limited to iron, and other materials such as carbon fiber and ceramics may be used.

On the other hand, the main body portion 3 is formed by adhering one end portions of a large number of wire rods 3a to each other and forming a disc-shaped flange portion (locking portion) 3b at the one end portion. In this embodiment, a thermoplastic resin monofilament material is used for each wire 3a, and one end of the wire is bonded by heat welding.

Further, the flange portion 3b has each wire rod 3a.
Since the thermoplasticity generated during the heat welding is used to press the welded portion to form a disk shape, it can be constructed at low cost. Of course, the flange 3b made of a separate member may be fixed to one end of the bundled wire 3a, and the method of forming the flange 3b is not particularly limited to the heat welding as in this embodiment. The diameter of the locking portion 3b may be set to be larger than the opening of the annular portion 2, and high accuracy is not always required.

The main body 3 having the above-mentioned structure
Inserts each wire 3a into the opening 2a of the annular portion 2 to lock the locking portion 3b to the peripheral edge of the opening, and in that state, the adhesive 4 is placed in the annular portion 2 as shown in FIG. By filling and hardening it, it is firmly fixed to the annular portion 2.

Further, the body portion 3 in this embodiment is set to have the following size and hardness. That is, the main body 3
The diameter of each wire 3a is about 0.4 mm to 0.7 mm, and the number of tires per tire is 120 to 14
It is 0. Furthermore, the length t1 of the wire rod 3a is set to be twice the thickness t2 of all the wire rods 3a bundled in a circle. Further, the hardness of the wire 3a is set to have a Vickers hardness within a range of 100 to 180 kg / mm ² so as not to damage the road and to obtain sufficient flexibility and resilience.

The wire 3a has such a restoring property that it can be restored from a bent state of 180 degrees to a straight state. In addition to the hardness, flexibility, and flexibility as described above, the wire 3a used in this example has durability against neutrality, acidity, and alkalinity, non-weatherability, extremely low water content,
It also has properties such as complete non-water absorption, and these properties can be maintained under a temperature environment of -30 ° C to 120 ° C.

Next, a slip preventing tire according to the first embodiment of the present invention using the brush member 1 having the above-mentioned structure will be described. The anti-slip tire 5 is obtained by embedding a large number (about 120 here) of the brush member 1 in other known tires such as radial tires and bias tires. That is, in the tread portion 6 of the tire 5, the water absorption groove 7 is formed on the contact surface 6a with the road surface (hereinafter referred to as the tread surface),
The brush member 1 is press-fitted and fixed in the water absorption groove 7.

Further, the water absorption groove 7 is the annular portion 2 of the brush member 1.
And a tubular portion 7b surrounding the main body 3a of the brush member 1. The total depth t3 is defined by the free length of each wire 3a of the brush member 1. The end is set to be located near the tread surface 6a. Here, the free end of each wire 3a is set so as to be located on the same plane as the tread surface 6a as shown in FIG. 5, but if it is in the vicinity of the tread surface 6a, the protruding position with respect to the tread surface 6a. , Or the immersion position.

Although the water absorption groove 7 is in a contracted state before the brush member 1 is press-fitted, the press-fitting operation of the brush member 1 into the water-absorbing groove 7 is a well-known driving tool used for driving a spike pin into a spike tire. It can be easily performed by partially modifying the above.

In the winter tire constructed as described above, when the tread portion 6 is not in contact with the road surface, the water absorption groove 7 has a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. On the other hand, at the time of contact with the road surface R, the tread portion is deformed by the weight of the vehicle, and the water absorption groove 7 is also deformed as shown in FIG.
That is, in this state, the water absorption groove 7 has an intermediate portion of the cylindrical portion 7b protruding outward and is deformed into a spherical shape. Pressure is generated. Therefore, the tread surface 6a is attracted to the road surface R, and a strong grip force can be obtained.

When a thin film of water is present between the road surface R and the tread surface 6a, the water is sucked into the water absorption groove 7 by the negative pressure generated in the water absorption groove 7, so that the tread The surface 6a directly contacts the road surface R. And the water absorption groove 7
The water sucked in is held in the minute gaps formed between the wire rods 3a by capillary action or the like.
The water sucked into a does not flow down between the tread surface 6a and the road surface R, the contact state between the tread surface 6a and the road surface R is maintained, and a strong grip force is obtained.

In particular, when traveling on an icy road or a snowy road, the temperature drop between the wire 3a and the road surface R at the moment when the thin film water generated between the road surface R and the water absorption groove 7 is sucked. Occurs, and the water absorption groove 7 on the tread surface 6a and its peripheral portion freeze on the road surface R, so that a stronger gripping force can be obtained.

Further, by contact with the road surface R, the water absorption groove 7
When is deformed, the wire 3a of the brush member 1 pierces the freezing surface and scratches the road surface R, which also contributes to an increase in gripping force.
However, the hardness of each wire of the brush member 1 is 100 to 180 k.
Since it is g / mm ² , the surface hardness is 200-300 kg.
/ Mm ² concrete road or 180-200k
It does not scrape off an asphalt pavement of g / mm ² and does not cause dust pollution.

Further, since the brush member 1 contacting the road surface R is deformed together with the water absorption groove 7 and absorbs the impact at the time of contact with the road surface R, only the brush member 1 is subjected to excessive impact or contact pressure. Is not applied, and the impact and contact pressure are almost the same as those of the tread surface. Therefore, unlike the spike pin in the spike tire, only the brush member 1 is not significantly worn, but is worn to the same extent as the tread surface of the tire. Therefore, the brush member 3a
The positional relationship between the tip of the tread surface 6a and the tread surface 6a is always kept constant.

When the water absorption groove 7 moves to a position where it does not come into contact with the road surface R, the water held inside the wire 3a is moved to the outside by the restoring force of the water absorption groove 7 and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the tire. Is discharged. Then, when separated from the road surface R, the water absorption groove and the brush member 1 return to the state shown in FIG.

The braking test results of the winter tire and the conventional studless tire in this embodiment are shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. In this experiment, braking distance and braking time were measured on two types of road surfaces, that is, a so-called mirror burn where the road surface is a mirror surface and a burn (rough rough burn) in a snowy state.

As is clear from the experimental results shown in the figure, the braking distance and braking time of the winter tire in this embodiment are significantly shorter than those of the studless tire on any road surface. In particular, low-speed driving (20 km /
(driving with h) shows a significant improvement in braking distance. Driving on Miller Burn is usually performed at a low speed, and it is expected that the use of the winter tires in this embodiment can drastically reduce the occurrence of slip accidents in urban areas and the like, and the effect is significant. is there. Further, the results of this experiment show that the noise generated by the tire during all running is also reduced as compared with the conventional studless tire.

By the way, in the above-mentioned first embodiment, the main body portion 3 of the brush member and the annular portion 2 are fixed by using the adhesive agent 4. However, without using the adhesive agent, the second embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8 is performed. As shown in the example, the crimp member 10 may be used for fixing. The crimping member 10 shown here has a cylindrical shape capable of covering the outer surface of the annular portion 2, and has a through hole 10b formed at the bottom thereof for communicating with the annular member.

When the main body 3 and the annular portion 2 are fixed to each other, the wire members 3a of the brush member 1 are sequentially inserted into the annular portion 2 and the crimping member 10 covering the annular member 2 and then the annular portion 2 is inserted.
The peripheral surface portion 10a protruding further upward is bent inward by a predetermined tool, and the bent portion presses and locks the locking portion of the main body portion 3 from above (see FIG. 8). As described above, in the second embodiment, the waiting time until the adhesive is cured can be omitted, so that there is an advantage that the production can be efficiently performed.

Further, in the first embodiment, one end of the brush member 1 is fixed within the thickness of the tread portion 6 of the tire 5, but the brush member 1 is provided on the inner diameter side of the tread portion 6 of the tire 5. Alternatively, one end (annular portion 2) may be locked. For example, as shown in the third embodiment of FIG. 9, a water absorption groove 8 penetrating the tread portion 6 is formed, and a reinforcement band (belt or breaker) 9 superimposed on the carcass of the tire 5 is projected in the radial direction. Wire rod 9a
May be provided, and this may be inserted into the water absorption groove 8. In this case, the water absorption groove 8 and the wire 9a can also provide the same water absorption and drainage effect as in the above-described embodiment, and a strong grip force can be obtained. it can. In this case, the wire 9a may be configured by partially projecting a cord (nylon cord or the like) provided in the reinforcing band 9 in the radial direction so as to be integrated with the reinforcing band 9a.

Further, as shown in the fourth embodiment of FIG. 10, a brush portion 20 having a large number of linear portions (wires) 20a having one free end is formed integrally with the tread portion 6, and May be an anti-slip structure.

In addition to this, as shown in the fifth embodiment of FIG. 11, a large number of minute gaps 30 of a predetermined depth are concentrated in the radial direction from the tread surface 6a at required locations on the tread surface 6a of the tire. Formed in each of the small gaps 30, 30, ...
It is also possible to suck the thin film of water generated between the tread surface 6a of the tire and the road surface,
The present invention is not particularly limited to the above embodiment,
The invention can be appropriately modified within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, the braking performance, operability, and quietness when traveling on a snowy and snowy road are significantly improved as compared with the current studless tires, so that the traffic capacity is improved. It can greatly contribute to the increase of road traffic, the elimination of traffic congestion, the reduction of slip accidents, etc.Since the road surface is not scraped when driving on a dry road surface, there is no dust pollution, road surface protection, environment protection It is also extremely useful in terms of protection. According to the present invention,
As it has extremely good drainage on the tread surface of the tire, it is possible to obtain a strong grip not only on snow-freezing roads but also on roads wet with rainwater, and excellent braking performance and operability in all seasons. can get.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a brush member according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2A and 2B are diagrams showing the brush member shown in FIG. 1, in which FIG. 2A is a vertical side view and FIG. 2B is a bottom view.

FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a winter tire according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of the tire shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of FIG.

6 is an enlarged view showing a state when the brush member shown in FIG. 5 is in contact with a road surface.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing a second embodiment according to the present invention.

8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the brush member shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a tire according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial sectional view showing a main part of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an essential part of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing braking test results of a winter tire and a conventional studless tire according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the results obtained by FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Brush member 2 Annular part 3 Main body part 3a Wire rod 4 Adhesive 5 Tire 6 Tread part 6a Tread surface 7 Water absorption groove

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A winter tire having a plurality of anti-slip structures formed on a contact surface with a road surface, wherein the anti-slip structure has a large number of parts formed in a radial direction from a contact surface of the tread portion with the road surface. A winter tire characterized by having a minute gap. 2. A winter tire having a number of slip preventing structures formed on a contact surface with a road surface, wherein the slip preventing structure is formed in a radial direction from a vicinity of a contact surface of the tread portion with the road surface. A winter tire characterized by having a brush portion made of a number of wire rods. 3. A winter tire having a plurality of slip prevention structures formed on a contact surface with a road surface, wherein the slip prevention structure is formed at a predetermined depth in a radial direction from a contact surface with the road surface. A winter tire comprising a tubular water-absorbing groove and a slip-prevention brush member made of a large number of wires held in the water-absorbing groove. 4. A water absorption groove is formed in the tread portion,
The winter tire according to claim 3, wherein one end of the anti-slip brush member is fixed to the inner part of the water absorption groove. 5. The water absorbing groove is formed through the tread portion, and one end of each wire of the slip prevention brush member is fixed to a portion located on the inner diameter side of the tread portion. Winter tire as described in 3. 6. The winter tire according to claim 2, wherein the wire is integrally formed on a tread portion or a portion located on the inner diameter side of the tread portion. 7. A winter tire having a plurality of slip prevention structures formed on a contact surface with a road surface, wherein the slip prevention structure is formed at a predetermined depth in a radial direction from a contact surface with the road surface. And a cylindrical water-absorbing groove, and a slip-prevention brush member made of a large number of wire rods held in the water-absorbing groove, wherein the slip-prevention brush member binds and bundles one end of a large number of wire rods. It has a main body formed at one end thereof with a locking portion projecting outward, and an opening through which each wire rod of the main body is inserted, and the locking portion is locked at the edge of the opening. A winter tire, comprising an annular portion to be fixed. 8. The winter tire according to claim 7, wherein the annular portion and the locking portion are fixed by an adhesive. 9. The winter tire according to claim 7, wherein the annular portion and the locking portion are fixed by a pressure-bonding member that holds the annular portion and the locking portion in a state where they are joined to each other. 10. A slip prevention brush member for use in a winter tire, characterized in that one end of a large number of wires is bundled. 11. A main body formed by adhering one end of a large number of wire rods together and forming an engaging portion projecting outward at the one end, and an opening through which each wire rod of the main body is inserted. An anti-slip brush member for use in a winter tire, characterized in that it has a ring portion and an annular portion for locking and fixing the locking portion at the edge of the opening. 12. The main body portion is characterized in that one end portion of a large number of resin wire rods are heat-welded to each other, and a locking portion is formed by molding the heat-welded portion to project outward. A slip prevention brush member for use in the winter tire according to claim 11. 13. The slip prevention brush member for use in a winter tire according to claim 11, wherein the annular portion and the locking portion are fixed by an adhesive. 14. The ring-shaped portion and the locking member are fixed to each other by a pressure-bonding member that sandwiches the ring-shaped portion and the locking member in a state where they are joined to each other.
An anti-slip brush member used in the winter tire according to item 2. 15. The wire rod has at least −30 degrees C. to 12 ° C.
Flexible in a temperature environment of 0 ° C., 100 to 180
Vickers hardness of kg / mm ² , restoration from linear state to linear state when bent 180 degrees, durability against neutrality, acidity, alkalinity, non-weatherability, extremely low water content, and complete non-water absorption The anti-slip brush member used for the winter tire according to any one of claims 10 to 14, which has properties such as properties. 16. The winter tire according to claim 10, wherein the wire is made of a thermoplastic resin monofilament material, and the monofilament material has a Vickers hardness of 100 to 180 kg / mm ^2. Anti-slip brush member. 17. The water absorption groove formed in the tread portion of the tire is expanded and deformed when facing the road surface to generate a negative pressure in the internal space of the water absorption groove, and the negative pressure intervenes between the road surface and the tread surface. By sucking water and holding the sucked water among a number of wire rods held in the water absorption groove, a tire against the road surface is generated by generating an adsorbing force and an icing force between the tread surface and the road surface. The gripping force of the water is generated, and the water retained between the wires at the time when the water absorption groove moves to the position not facing the road surface is discharged to the outside by the restoring force of the water absorption groove and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the tire. A method for preventing tire slip in winter, which is characterized in that the tire is discharged.