JPH08267302A - Centering detection method of wheel lathe and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To make both the centers of a spindle and a wheel by lowering a tool rest after maing it synchronize with the ascent of the wheel by means of a lifter unit, stopping the movements of the lifter unit and the tool rest at a position where a detecting means has detected its contact with the wheel, and compensating a traveling position of the lifter unit according the outside dimensions. CONSTITUTION: A contact member attached to a tool rest 5 is outputted by a proximity switch at a time when it has contacted with a flange part of a machined wheel 2, and thereby a synchronous lifting motion between a lifter unit 8 and this tool rest 5 is stopped. Next, diametral measurement of the machined wheel 2 is operated by an amount of travel in the tool rest 5 or lifter unit 8, and in consequence of this operation, a fact of whether a diameter of the machined wheel 2 is larger than the reference size or not is judged. If a compensation value is outputted according to this judgment, the lifter unit 8 is made to go up on the basis of this compensation value, and then the center of this machined wheel 2 is accorded with that of a spindle 3a, and thus a center detecting process is over.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a train and a locomotive,
In a vehicle such as a passenger car, the present invention relates to a wheel lathe that corrects or forms a wheel worn by running, and particularly when the wheel is chucked by the jaw of the chucking means at the front end of the main spindle, the wheel axle center of the wheel is The present invention relates to a wheel lathe centering method and an apparatus therefor so as to match the center of a spindle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a vehicle such as an electric train, a locomotive, or a passenger freight car, there is a wheel lathe for cutting a wheel worn by traveling or cutting a new tire. Such a wheel lathe is described in Japanese Patent No. 554963 “Automobile Wheel Lathe” of the same applicant. That is, in this type of machine, wheels are introduced from a rail laid on the back of the machine, and the wheels are centered by chucking means provided at the front end of a spindle rotatably supported by a headstock from both sides and sandwiched by jaws. In this way, it has a gate-shaped structure in which it is chucked and processed, and after processing, the chucking is released and it passes through to the front of the machine. Further, when the machine chucks the wheel, the machine is positioned so that the wheel center of the wheel is always aligned with the fixed position (center of the spindle) of the machine, and machining is performed according to the copying model. Further, in addition to the above-described configuration, a lifter device is provided so that when the pair of wheels is gripped, both flanges are always carried over to a fixed position slightly higher than the machine core height regardless of the wheel center of gravity position. Also, if the operator directly performs the measurement work for centering the wheel tread when chucking the wheel to the jaw of the headstock, automatic operation must be interrupted for measurement, and The work was not easy and the measurement accuracy varied depending on the worker, and it was unstable, so some skill was required. Therefore, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-44625 “Lathe measuring device” is proposed by the same applicant. The structure of this measuring device is such that one end of the wire is connected to a lifter device that raises the wheel and the other end is connected to the upper V block, and as the lifter device rises, the upper block is pulled down by the wire and lowered. The contact member steps on the limit switch and stops at the position where it hits the center. In addition, this measuring device is equipped with a measuring device for measuring the tread surface of the wheel, so that the diameter of the tread surface of the wheel worn from running can be displayed and the cutting amount at the time of machining can be set easily and efficiently. Since the measuring device is attached so as to interlock with the lifter device, the measuring device descends by the same amount when the lifter rises, so the core height can be detected and the wheel diameter can be measured at the same time.

[0003]

However, in the conventional measuring method, one end of the wire is connected to the lifter for raising the wheel, and as the lifter rises, the upper block is pulled down by the wire and lowered. Therefore, when the wire has aged and lengthened, the measurement accuracy deteriorates and adjustment is necessary. The present invention has been made to solve this problem, in which the detection means is arranged on one surface of the turret of the tool rest, and the tool rest is lowered in synchronization with the lifting of the wheels by the lifter device. When the abutment of the wheel is detected, the movement of the lifter device and the tool rest is stopped, the moving position of the lifter device is corrected according to the outer diameter, and the spindle center and the wheel center of the work are aligned. The purpose is to provide a device.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a bed, a headstock provided on the bed so as to face each other, and a headstock for rotatably supporting a main shaft, respectively. The chucking means, which are respectively provided at the opposite ends of the spindle, center and support the center of the wheel to be cut, chuck the edge of the wheel to be cut, and the wheel to be cut near the headstock of the bed. A lifter device that is movably provided in a vertical direction at a position corresponding to the core to be inspected, and that lifts by supporting the work wheel by a contact support surface, and is movable at least in the vertical direction with respect to the headstock. A method of core detection of a wheel lathe having a tool rest provided, wherein the tool rest is provided with a detection means for detecting contact with the core portion of the wheel to be cut, and a method of contacting the lifter device. Installed on the contact support surface and the tool post A step of moving and positioning the lifter device and the tool rest at the center of origin, which is a position equidistant from the center of the main axis, of the detection means, and the work wheel is the lifter device. And a procedure of moving the lifter device in an upward direction from the core origin, and supporting and lifting the loaded work wheel toward the center of the spindle at a predetermined moving speed. , A procedure of lowering the tool rest equipped with the detection means in synchronization with the movement of the lifter device toward the center of the spindle from the core origin, and an abutting surface of the detection means on the workpiece wheel. When a signal is output by abutting the core portion, the lifting device and the tool post are configured to be stopped and moved up and down, and the center of the work wheel is aligned with the center of the spindle. In bearing base and said chucking means is obtained by the Kenshin method wheel lathe, characterized in that the supporting centering.

Further, according to the present invention, in claim 1, the contact support surface of the lifter device is formed into a V shape, and the lifter device and the detection device when the detection device contacts and outputs a signal. Based on the ascending / descending position, a procedure for calculating the outer diameter of the work wheel, and a procedure for calculating a correction value for the moving position of the contact support surface of the lifter device from the calculated outer diameter of the work wheel, And a procedure for moving the lifter device by the correction value, and after aligning the center of the wheel to be machined with the center of the spindle, centering and supporting the spindle headstock and the chucking means. This is a method for core inspection of a wheel lathe.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a bed, a head stock which is provided on the bed so as to face each other, and which rotatably supports the main spindle, and an opposite end portion of the main spindle. A chucking means for supporting and centering the center of the wheel to be cut, and chucking the end of the wheel to be cut, and a chucking means provided in the vicinity of the headstock of the bed so as to be movable in the up-and-down direction, respectively. A lifter device that is supported and lifted by a contact support surface, a tool rest that is movable at least in the vertical direction with respect to the headstock, and a tool rest that is provided on the tool rest and that touches the core to be inspected of the work wheel. The detection means that outputs a signal when the contact surfaces come into contact with each other, the tool rest to which the detection means is attached, and the lifter device are moved in synchronization with each other, and the contact portion of the detection means has the work wheel. Abutting on the core of The control means for stopping the movement of the tool rest and the lifter device when a signal is output, the contact support surface of the detection means, and the contact surface of the lifter device are at positions equidistant from the center of the spindle. A centering device for a wheel lathe, which has a centering origin, and is centered and supported by the headstock and the chucking means after the center of the wheel to be machined is aligned with the center of the spindle. It is a thing.

Still further, according to the present invention in claim 3,
The contact support surface of the lifter device is formed in a V shape, the outer diameter dimension of the work wheel is calculated from the moving positions of the lifter device and the tool rest, and the outer diameter dimension of the lifter device is calculated based on the outer diameter dimension. Correction means for correcting the moving position of the contact support surface, and after centering the wheel to be machined with the center of the spindle, centering and supporting the spindle headstock and the chucking means. It is used as a centering device for a wheel lathe.

[0008]

When the wheels to be machined are carried into the wheel lathe, the V-shaped abutment surface of the lifter device and the abutment surface of the abutment member of the detection means become equidistant from the center of the spindle on both wheels. Position each one. Then, with the lifter device, N
The C wheel is moved by a servomotor controlled to move the wheel to be cut toward the center of the spindle, and the tool rest equipped with the detection means is lowered in synchronization with the movement of the lifter apparatus. These core checking processes are performed simultaneously on both wheels. When the abutting member attached to the tool rest comes into contact with the flange portion of the wheel to be cut, a signal is output from the detecting means, and the synchronous lifting operation of the lifter device and the tool rest is stopped. By the way, since the contact surface of the detection means is a flat surface and the contact surface of the lifter device is a V-shaped surface, misalignment occurs depending on the outer diameter of the wheel, and therefore correction is necessary. That is, the correction amount of the misalignment is set to the correction amount α according to the correction formula 1 when it is larger than the reference size, and is set to the correction amount β according to the correction formula 2 when it is smaller than the reference size. When the synchronous lifting operation is stopped, the diameter of the work wheel 2 is calculated according to the movement position of the tool rest or the lifter device. As a result of the calculation, it is determined whether or not the diameter of the work wheel is larger than the reference dimension. If it is larger, the correction amount α is output, and if it is smaller than the reference size, the correction amount β is output. When the correction amount is output, the lifter devices on both wheels are moved upward based on these correction amounts,
The center of the wheel to be machined is made to coincide with the center of the spindle, and the core measuring process is completed.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a method for core detection of a wheel lathe and an apparatus therefor according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a wheel lathe equipped with the core measuring device of the present invention. 1 is a wheel lathe, and this wheel lathe 1 is a work wheel 2
Wheel 2 from the rail 2a laid on the back of the machine
Is chucked so as to be sandwiched by jaws 4 provided with a plurality of chucking means at the front end of a spindle 3a rotatably supported on the spindle head 3 from both sides, and is machined by a predetermined tool mounted on the tool rest 5. After that, the chucking by the jaw 4 is released, and the machine is carried out to the front of the machine to have a gate-shaped structure. Further, when the wheel lathe 1 chucks the work wheel 2, it is always positioned at a fixed position (center of the spindle) of the machine for machining. 6 is a bed, and 7 is a column provided on the bed 6. The tool rest 5 is guided by the guide portions of the cross rails 7a provided between the columns 7 and is controlled by an NC device (not shown) in a direction (Z direction) orthogonal to the plane of FIG. 1 and in a vertical direction (X axis). Direction). In the X-axis direction, movement positioning control is performed by the servo motor M _X , the ball screw 5a and the like. The Z axis direction is also moved and controlled by a servo motor (not shown), a ball screw 5b, and the like. 8
Is a lifter device, and when the work wheel 2 is chucked, the lifter device 8 lifts both flange parts (cores to be inspected) of the work wheel 2 to a fixed position.
It is provided on the side. That is, the lifter device 8 is moved up and down in the Y-axis direction via the feed screw 10 by the drive of the servomotor 9. For example, the contact surface of the detecting means and the contact supporting surface of the lifter device 8 which will be described later are set at an equal distance (for example, 635 mm) from the center of the spindle, and synchronous feeding is performed from there to stop at the signal output from the detecting means. Let Also,
Both ends of the lifter device 8 have a two-point support shape in which a contact support portion 8a with the work wheel 2 is V-shaped so as to push up the flange portion of the work wheel 2 in a stable state. 11
Is a turret provided on the tool rest 5 so as to be rotatable and indexable. A plurality of tools T are mounted on each surface of the turret 11, and a core detecting switch mechanism such as the contact member 12 of the detection means is also mounted on one surface of the turret 11. The wheel lathe 1 of the present invention is provided with a pair of headstock 3, a spindle 3a, a tool rest 5, a lifter device 8 and the like for the work wheels 2 on both sides.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the core detecting switch mechanism of the detecting means, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. A holder 20 is fixed to the turret 11 with a bolt. The holder 20 is provided with a moving hole 20a. A contact shaft 21 and a compression spring 22 are housed in the moving hole 20a. The contact shaft 21 has a stepped cylindrical shape, and a recess 21a is formed at the rear end of the large diameter portion. This contact shaft 21
An abutting member 12 having an abutting surface 12a formed at the tip thereof is attached. Reference numeral 23 denotes a lid, and a hole having a diameter larger than the small diameter portion of the contact shaft 21 and smaller than the large diameter portion is formed. The lid 23 is provided so that the contact shaft 21 does not pop out due to the urging force of the compression spring 22. The contact shaft 21 is configured to be movable in the moving hole 20a. Recess 21
A ball hole 20b is formed on the holder 20 side near a in the direction perpendicular to the moving hole 20a, and a ball 24 is movably inserted into the ball hole 20b and locked by a recess 21a. A stepped hole is formed on the turret 11 side adjacent to the ball hole 20b. A detection shaft 26 is housed in the stepped hole 11a together with the compression spring 25.
The detection shaft 26 is configured to be movable in the stepped hole 11a by locking one end of the with the ring 27.
The other end of the detection shaft 26 has the ball 2 in the ball hole 20b.
4 is biased toward the recess 21a. In addition,
When the contact member 12 retracts against the compression spring 22, the detection shaft 26 moves from the G position to the H position via the contact shaft 21, the recess 21a, and the ball 24. Reference numeral 28 denotes a sensor holder attached to the main body of the tool rest 5 at a position facing the detection shaft 26 when the turret surface on which the contact shaft 21, the contact member 12 and the like are attached is indexed to the processing position. A detection member (proximity switch) 29 is installed on the sensor holder 28. The detection member 29 detects the movement of the detection shaft 26 and outputs an ON or OFF signal. The detection member 29, the contact member 12, the contact shaft 21, the ball 24,
The detection shaft 26 and the like constitute detection means.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of the centering processing of the wheel lathe according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the centering processing of the wheel lathe according to the present invention. The operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The wheel lathe 1 of the present invention is provided with a pair of headstock 3, a spindle 3a, a tool rest 5, a lifter device 8 and the like for the work wheels 2 on both sides.
Since the function is the same except that the shape is symmetric, in FIG. 4, only the core measuring process of the work wheel 2 on one side is performed, and the other is omitted. The surface of the turret to which the core detection switch mechanism such as the contact member 12 of the detection means is attached is indexed to the processing position. The V-shaped abutment surface of the lifter device 8 and the abutment surface of the abutment member 12 of the detection means are positioned at the centering origin position where they are equidistant (X ₀ = Y ₀ ) from the center of the spindle. Next, it is confirmed that the work wheels 2 have been loaded into the wheel lathe 1 (step S1). Servo motor 9 controlled by NC device by lifter device 8
The work wheel 2 is moved up by the movement of (1) to move toward the center of the main shaft 3a, and the tool rest 5 equipped with the contact member 12 of the detecting means is lowered in synchronization with the movement of the lifter device 8 (step S2). When the abutting member 12 attached to the tool rest 5 comes into contact with the flange portion of the work wheel 2, the proximity switch outputs (step S3), and the synchronous lifting operation of the lifter device 8 and the tool rest 5 is stopped ( Step S
4).

By the way, since the contact surface of the contact member 12 is a flat surface and the contact support surface of the lifter device 8 is a V-shaped surface, misalignment occurs depending on the outer diameter of the wheel. 6 and 7 are explanatory views in the case where the height is corrected according to the outer diameter of the wheel to be cut, and the correction amount of this misalignment is the reference size A ₀ (supported at the upper apex of the contact support surface). And the branching dimension of the range supported by the abutting support surface slope, φ1134 m in this embodiment.
If larger than m), the correction amount α according to the correction formula 1 is used, and if smaller than the reference size, the correction amount β according to the correction formula 2 is used. In addition, D is the wheel diameter of the flange portion, and A is the contact member 12
To the contact point 8a from the center of the flange to the contact support portion 8a.
Up to, θ is the inclination angle of the contact support portion 8a. Correction formula 1 α = (D−A) / 2 A / 2 = α + [(D / 2) ² −l ² ] ^{1/2 When} the relationship between the correction amount α and the outer diameter dimension A is calculated from these two formulas, α = l ² / 2A For example, when l = 105, α = 5512.5 / A can be approximated, and α can be easily obtained from this equation. Correction formula 2 β = (D−A) / 2 A / 2 = (D / 2) cos θ + β− [l * tan θ− (D / 2) sin θ * tan
θ] When the relationship between the correction amount β and the outer diameter dimension A is obtained from these two equations, β = A (1-W) / 2 (1 + W) + l * tan θ / (1+
W) W = cos θ + sin θ * tan θ For example, if l = 105 and θ = 10.67 degrees, β can be approximated as −0.00436A + 9.805, and β can be easily obtained from this formula. be able to.

When the synchronous lifting operation is stopped, the diameter measurement A of the work wheel 2 is calculated by the amount of movement of the tool rest 5 or the lifter device 8 (step S5), and as a result of the calculation, the diameter of the work wheel 2 is determined. It is judged whether or not it is larger than the reference dimension A ₀ (step S6). If it is larger than the reference dimension, the correction amount α is obtained from the correction equation 1, and the obtained correction amount α is output (step S7), which is smaller than the reference dimension. If the correction amount β
Is calculated from the correction equation 2, and the calculated correction amount β is output (step S8). When the correction amount is output, the lifter device 8 is moved upward based on these correction amounts (step S9), the center of the wheel to be machined 2 is made to coincide with the center of the main shaft, and the centering process is terminated. It should be noted that a correction amount is obtained in association with the outer diameter dimension A, a plurality of correction amounts corresponding to the outer diameter dimension A are stored in a memory, and the correction amounts are read out and output, and in step S9. The lifter device 8 may be moved up. After that, both headstocks 3 are guided by a driver (not shown) to a guide surface (not shown) and move forward to extend the center 3a to support the center hole of the wheel 2 to be centered and move the jaws 4 by a driver (not shown). The wheel 2 to be cut is moved forward and pressed from both sides to chuck it.

FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory view of the centering processing of another wheel lathe according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the centering processing of another wheel lathe according to the present invention. The operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 (second embodiment). Note that FIG.
The difference between FIG. 5 (first embodiment) and FIGS. 8 and 9 (second embodiment) is that the drive means of the lifter device 8 of the first embodiment is a servo motor, whereas the drive means of the second embodiment is It is a cylinder with an encoder that emits a pulse signal. Therefore, in step S2 in the first embodiment, "the lifter device 8 moves up by the movement by the servomotor 9 controlled by the NC device to move the work wheel 2 toward the center of the main shaft 3a and to contact the detection means. While the tool rest 5 having the member 12 mounted thereon is lowered in synchronization with the movement of the lifter device 8, "in the second embodiment," the work wheel 2 is a lifter device 8 having a cylinder 40 as a driving body. The encoder 41 is raised and moved toward the center of the spindle 3a, and a pulse signal for the movement is output from the encoder 41 (step S2).
a). The servo motor M _X is synchronized with the output pulse signal of the encoder-equipped cylinder to lower the turret 11 and the tool rest 5 to which the core detecting switch mechanism of the detecting means is attached (step S2b). It will be. In the wheel lathe 1 of FIG. 8 as well, the headstock 3, the main spindle 3a, the tool rest 5,
A pair of lifter devices 8 and the like are provided for the work wheels 2 on both sides, but the functions are the same except that the shapes are symmetrical, so in FIG. Yes, omit the other.

[0015]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The detection means is arranged on one surface of the turret of the turret, and the turret is lowered in synchronization with the lifting of the wheels by the lifter device,
The movement of the lifter device and the tool rest is stopped at the position where the detection means detects the contact with the wheel, and the movement position of the lifter device is corrected according to the outer diameter dimension so that the center of the spindle and the center of the wheel to be machined coincide with each other. As a result, the wire does not change with time and elongates as in the conventional core detection method, and therefore, there is an effect that maintenance such as adjustment is not required.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a wheel lathe equipped with a core measuring device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a core detecting switch mechanism for the core detecting switch.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of a core detecting process of the wheel lathe according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of core detection processing of the wheel lathe according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram in the case of correcting the height according to the outer diameter dimension of the work wheel.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram in the case of correcting the height according to the outer diameter of the wheel to be cut.

FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory view of a core detecting process of another wheel lathe according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of core detection processing of another wheel lathe according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Wheel lathe 2 ... Work wheel 3 ... Headstock 5 ... Tool rest 6 ... Bed 7 ... Column 8 ... Lifter device 9 ... Servo motor 10 ... Feed screw 12 ... Contact member 29 ... Detection member

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A bed, a headstock provided on the bed so as to face each other and rotatably supporting a spindle, and a head wheel center provided at each of opposite ends of the spindle. While centering and supporting the chucking means for chucking the end portion of the wheel to be machined, and being movable up and down in a position corresponding to the core part to be inspected of the wheel to be machined near the headstock of the bed. Each provided,
A centering method for a wheel lathe, comprising: a lifter device that supports and lifts the work wheel with a contact support surface; and a tool rest that is provided movably in at least a vertical direction with respect to the headstock, The procedure of providing a detection means for detecting the contact with the core of the wheel to be cut on the tool rest, and the contact support surface of the lifter device and the contact surface of the detection means provided on the tool rest are A procedure of moving and positioning the lifter device and the tool rest respectively at a core origin that is equidistant from the center of the spindle, a procedure of loading the work wheel above the lifter device, and the lifter. A procedure for moving the device in an upward direction from the core origin, supporting and lifting the loaded work wheel and moving at a predetermined moving speed toward the center of the spindle, and the tool rest equipped with the detection means. , The procedure of lowering from the core origin toward the center of the spindle in synchronism with the movement of the lifter device, and the contact surface of the detecting means contacting the core portion of the wheel to be cut to output a signal. When, consisting of a procedure of stopping the lifting movement of the lifter device and the tool post, after making the work wheel center coincide with the spindle center,
A centering method for a wheel lathe, comprising centering and supporting the headstock and the chucking means. 2. The abutment support surface of the lifter device according to claim 1, wherein the abutment support surface is formed in a V shape, and the lifter device and the detection device are in an up-and-down position when the detection device abuts and outputs a signal. Based on the procedure, a procedure for calculating the outer diameter of the work wheel, a procedure for calculating a correction value of the moving position of the contact support surface of the lifter device from the calculated outer diameter of the work wheel, and the correction value Minutes and the procedure of moving the lifter device, after aligning the wheel center of the work with the spindle center,
A centering method for a wheel lathe, comprising centering and supporting the headstock and the chucking means. 3. A bed, a headstock that is provided on the bed so as to face each other and that rotatably supports a spindle, and a head wheel that is provided at opposite ends of the spindle and that has a center of a wheel to be cut. Chucking means for supporting and centering the wheel to be cut, and chucking means for chucking the end of the wheel to be cut, and a chucking means provided in the vicinity of the headstock of the bed so as to be movable in the up-and-down direction. A lifter device that is supported and lifted by a tool post, a tool post that is provided so as to be movable at least in the vertical direction with respect to the spindle head, The detecting means for outputting a signal when contacting, the tool rest to which the detecting means is attached, and the lifter device are moved in synchronization with each other, and the contacting part of the detecting means detects the workpiece wheel. Outputs a signal by touching the core When the control means for stopping the movement of the tool rest and the lifter device, the contact support surface of the detection means, and the contact surface of the lifter device is a centering origin that is a position equidistant from the center of the spindle. And, after aligning the wheel center of the work with the spindle center,
A centering device for a wheel lathe, which is centered and supported by the headstock and the chucking means. 4. The contact support surface of the lifter device according to claim 3, wherein the contact support surface is formed in a V shape, and the outer diameter of the work wheel is calculated from the moving positions of the lifter device and the tool rest. Compensating means for compensating the moving position of the contact support surface of the lifter device based on the outer diameter dimension, after aligning the wheel center of the work with the center of the spindle,
A centering device for a wheel lathe, which is centered and supported by the headstock and the chucking means.