JPH08260874A - Propulsion device for vertical hole excavating machine and construction method for vertical hole using the device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To simplify excavation preparation work by installing a rotary cutter head to a frame with an out rigger and mounting removably a propulsion jack thereon and fixing the frame at a specified position and then excavating a vertical hole. CONSTITUTION: A frame 14 of a vertical hole excavating device 10 is fixed at a specified position and held horizontally with an outrigger 24. An excavation cutter 68 which comprises a ring-shaped first head 64 and a second head 66 is turned by a drive device 54, thereby excavating. In this case, a removable propulsion jack 20 propels, taking up a reaction force with a reactor mounted on the frame 4. The excavated earth and sand is collected in the second header 66 with this excavation. The whole head 66 is lifted up so that the earth and sand therein is loaded on a truck or the like and discharged. The holes thus excavated are lined one after another. The propulsion jack 20 is mounted on the lining and propels while taking a reaction force with the lining. This construction makes it possible to simplify a preparation work prior to excavation and excavate a larger-sized hole with higher efficiency.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for propelling an excavator for excavating a vertical hole and a method for constructing a vertical hole using the same.

[0002]

When constructing a vertical hole in the ground, an earth auger, a backhoe, a clamshell bucket, etc. are generally used. However, in earth augers, backhoes, clamshell buckets, etc., depth dimensions or diameters are used, such as foundations for concrete structures, foundations for towers, foundations for bridges, shafts for tunnel excavation, shafts for mining, etc. It is not possible to build a well with large dimensions.

Various devices have been proposed for constructing a vertical hole having a large depth or diameter by rotating the cutter head with respect to the main body. However, in the conventional device, a hole for placing the excavator is formed on the ground side with a backhoe, a clamshell bucket, etc., and the excavator is placed in this hole so that its axis matches the axis of the hole to be constructed. ,
After that, excavation by the excavator has started. Therefore, the work until the start of excavation by the excavator is complicated.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the need to pre-form a hole on the ground side for placing an excavator.

[0005]

A propulsion device for a vertical hole excavator according to the present invention is provided with a frame having a space for disposing the excavator, a space around the disposition space, and extending upward from the frame. A plurality of reaction force bodies, a connection body detachably attached to the reaction force body, and a plurality of jacks for applying a force for lowering the excavator using the connection body to the excavator.

The vertical hole excavator is arranged in the arrangement space after the frame is arranged at a predetermined place, and is connected to the connecting body by a jack. Then, the excavator excavates the ground.
During excavation, the reaction force of the jack is received by the connecting body and is transmitted from the connecting body to the frame through the reaction body.

According to the propulsion device of the present invention, a plurality of reaction force bodies are arranged on the frame so as to extend upward therefrom, the connecting body is detachably attached to the reaction force body, and the jack is attached to the excavator and the connecting body. Since they are connected, it is not necessary to previously form a hole in which the excavator is placed on the ground side, and the work until the excavator starts excavation is easy.

According to the method of constructing a vertical hole of the present invention, a frame having an arrangement space for an excavator for a vertical hole is installed on the ground, and the excavator is arranged in the arrangement space so that the axis of the excavator is in the vertical direction. Before, after, or in parallel with this, removably attaching the connecting body to a plurality of reaction force bodies arranged at intervals around the arrangement space so as to extend upward from the frame. Connecting the excavator and the connecting body with a plurality of jacks for descending the excavator, and excavating the ground by the excavator while descending the excavator.

The excavation work includes a frame, an excavator, a reaction body,
After the connecting body and the jack are arranged as described above, the excavator is lowered by the jack while operating the excavator. Therefore, according to the construction method of the present invention, it is not necessary to previously form a hole in which the excavator is arranged on the ground side, and the work until the excavation by the excavator is started is easy.

Further, the connecting body is removed from the reaction body, the connecting body is lowered, a lining is formed between the excavator and the reaction body, and the lining is the reaction force. It is preferable that the method includes connecting to a body and detachably connecting the connecting body to the lining, and excavating the ground by the excavator while lowering the excavator.
As a result, the reaction force for excavation is transmitted to the reaction body through the lining and the connecting body, so that an auxiliary connecting member having a length dimension corresponding to the height dimension of the lining is connected to the connecting body and the jack. The excavator can be lowered by utilizing the connecting body without disposing the excavator.

Further, the connecting body is removed from the lining,
Lowering the lining and the connecting body, removing the reaction body from the frame, attaching a plate-shaped second reaction body to the frame, and applying the lining to the second reaction body. It is preferable to include connecting and excavating the ground by the excavator while lowering the excavator. As a result, the reaction force for excavation is transmitted to the second reaction force body through the connecting body and the lining, so that the height dimension of the device is reduced by the height of the reaction force body, and the first reaction force is reduced. The reaction body does not hinder the subsequent excavation.

Further, the connecting body is removed from the lining, the connecting body is lowered, a new lining is arranged between the lining and the excavator, and the connecting body is covered with the new covering. It is preferable that the method includes removably connecting to the work and excavating the ground by the excavator while lowering the excavator. As a result, the connected body can be lowered stepwise as the excavation depth increases.

In a preferred embodiment, the connecting body is a ring removably attached to the first reaction body so as to extend around the arrangement space, and the ring is spaced from the ring around its axis. A plurality of jack receivers disposed at a distance from each other and each receiving the jack, the plurality of jack receivers extending upward from the ring.

In a preferred embodiment, the excavator has an annular main body, a cutter head rotatably supported on the lower side of the main body around the axis of the main body, and the cutter head is the main body. And a drive mechanism for rotating with respect to. The cutter head includes an annular first head portion rotatably supported by the main body about the axis, and a hopper-shaped second head portion arranged inside the first head portion, The excavation material is received in the second head portion.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a propulsion device 10
Is used as a device for lowering the vertical hole excavator 12.

Propulsion device 10

The propulsion device 10 includes a frame 14 installed on the ground, a plurality of columnar starting frames or first reaction force bodies 16 arranged on the frame, and detachable from the first reaction force body. Reaction force transmitter to be attached, that is, connector 1
8 and a plurality of jacks 20 that apply a force for lowering the excavator 12 to the excavator 12 by using the connecting body.

The frame 14 forms a placement space 22 for the excavator 12 by vertically and horizontally connecting a plurality of steel materials 14a having an H-shaped cross section. The frame 14 is installed on the ground by a plurality of outriggers 24 so that the upper surface is horizontal. The first reaction body 16 is arranged around the arrangement space 22 with a space. The space 26 adjacent to the arrangement space 22 is made up of a plurality of steel materials or iron plates in the frame 1.
By further connecting to 4, it can be used as an installation space for a hanging machine such as a jib crane and an operating space for the excavator 12.

As shown in FIG. 3, each first reaction body 16
Is a flat plate-shaped base portion 30 that is detachably attached to the frame 14 with bolts and nuts, a support portion 32 that is connected to the base portion 30 by welding or the like so as to extend upward from the base portion, and from the upper end of the support portion. An upper portion 34 connected to the column portion 32 by welding or the like so as to extend in the horizontal direction.
And a plurality of reinforcing members 38 such as ribs connected to the base portion 30 and the column portion 32 by welding or the like.

The column portion 32 and the upper portion 34 are made of steel having a cross-sectional shape such as an H shape. Connecting part 36
Is formed of a long steel material having an L-shaped cross section. The connecting portion 36 has a strip-like shape that forms an L-shaped cross section.
Of the two pieces, one piece is entirely curved so that the other piece is below the support portion 32.
The center of curvature of the connecting portion 36 is the center of the arrangement space 22.

The connecting body 18 is removably attached to the connecting portion 36 of the first reaction body 16 by a plurality of bolts and nuts so as to extend around the arrangement space 22, and the ring 40 is attached to the ring 40. And a plurality of jack receivers 42 arranged at intervals around the. Each jack receiver 42 is attached to the ring 40 at the lower end so as to extend upward from the ring 40, as shown in FIG. 4, and also to receive the upper portions of the pair of jacks 20 from the lower side and the arrangement space 22. It has a space that opens to the side.

Each jack 20 is connected to the excavator 12 and the corresponding jack receiver 42 so that the extension and contraction direction is the vertical direction. In the illustrated example, each jack 20 is a double-acting two-stage jack in which a pair of piston rods project from cylinders in opposite directions. One piston rod of each jack 20 is connected to the excavator 12, and the other piston rod is connected to the upper portion of the corresponding jack receiver 42. However, it may be a one-stage jack in which a single piston rod projects from the cylinder.

The propulsion device 10 further includes a plurality of plate-shaped detents 44 and a plurality of plate-shaped supports, that is, a second reaction body 46. As shown in FIG. 5, each detent 44 is formed of a substantially rectangular flat plate, has a plurality of bolt holes 44 b for attaching the detent 44 to the frame 14, and has a V-shape. Notch 44
a is provided at a portion corresponding to one side of the rectangle. Each second
As shown in FIG. 6, the reaction force body 46 is formed of a substantially rectangular flat plate 46a and a plurality of ribs 46b provided in parallel with one surface of the flat plate. Each second reaction body 46 also has a plurality of bolt holes 46c for attaching the second reaction force body 46 to the frame 14, and a plurality of bolts for attaching the connecting body and the lining to the second reaction force body 46. Has a hole 46d in the flat plate 46a.

Excavator for vertical holes

The vertical hole excavator 12 is an annular excavator body 5
0, a cutter head 52 rotatably supported on the lower side of the main body 50 around an axis extending in the vertical direction, and a plurality of drive mechanisms 54 for rotating the cutter head with respect to the main body 50.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 7, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the main body 50 is directed inward by a short tubular portion 56 and a bolt / nut or the like (not shown) at the lower end portion of the tubular portion. A ring-shaped bottom plate portion 58 coaxially connected to the flange shape of
An annular floor portion 60 connected to the upper side of the bottom plate portion and the inner side of the tubular portion 56 by a bolt or the like not shown is provided. The axis line of the main body 50 and the cutter head 52 is the axis line 62 of the excavator 12. The floor 60 can be used by an operator when performing various operations such as arranging a lining segment.

Although not shown, the main body 50 is divided into a plurality of members around the axis 62 of the excavator 12, preferably three or more members, and the members adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are bolts, nuts and the like. Are separably connected by. Thereby, the main body 50 can be transported to the site and assembled in a divided state, and the main body 50 can be disassembled into a plurality of members and removed.

The cutter head 52 has an annular first head portion 64 rotatably supported around the axis 62 of the excavator 12 at the lower end portion of the main body 50, and a central portion of the first head portion 64 which moves up and down. A second bucket-shaped head portion 66 that is detachably and coaxially arranged from above in a space that penetrates in the direction.
And a plurality of first excavating earth and sand below the first head portion.
Cutter 68, a plurality of second cutters 70 for excavating the soil below the second head portion 66, and the first head portion 64.
A plurality of third cutters 72 for excavating sediment around and a plurality of fourth cutters 74 excavating sediment around the lower end of the second head portion 66.

The first head portion 64 has an upper plate-shaped portion, a lower plate-shaped portion, an outer plate-shaped portion, and an inner plate-shaped portion. The upper plate-shaped portion, the lower plate-shaped portion, the outer plate-shaped portion and the inner plate-shaped portion are fixed to each other by welding or the like so as to jointly form an annular internal space extending around the axis. However, the upper plate-shaped portion, the lower plate-shaped portion, the outer plate-shaped portion, and the inner plate-shaped portion may be separably joined by bolts and nuts or the like.

Although not shown, the first head portion 64
Is divided into a plurality of members around the axis 62 of the excavator 12, and the members adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are separably connected by bolts, nuts or the like. As a result, the first head portion 64 can be transported to the site and assembled in a divided state, and the first head portion 64 can be disassembled into a plurality of members and removed.

As shown in FIG. 7, the internal space of the first head portion 64 is divided into a plurality of chambers by a plurality of partition plates 76. The lower plate-shaped portion of the first head portion 64 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a frusto-conical lower surface is formed so that the central portion is lower than the peripheral portion, and a plurality of locations are provided around the axis of the excavator 12 (examples shown in the figure). Then, each has two notches 78 facing each other. The upper edge portion of each partition plate 76 projects above the upper plate-shaped portion of the first head portion 64 and acts as a plurality of ribs extending in the radial direction.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the first head portion 64 includes a main body 50 made up of a support shaft and a bracket.
A plurality of rollers 80 rotatably attached to a lower end portion of the excavator 12 about an axis parallel to the axis of the excavator 12;
By the receiving ring 82 attached to the upper plate-like portion of the first head portion 64 so as to extend around the axis line of and the assembling ring 84 attached to the ring 82 by bolts or the like, It is rotatably assembled and supported on the lower end of the main body 50.

The rollers 80 are arranged at equal intervals on a virtual circle around the axis of the excavator 12, and have V-shaped grooves 80a continuous in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface. Three or more rollers 80 are provided. Rings 82 and 84 extend coaxially with body 50 about the axis of excavator 12. The ring 84 has an annular engaging portion 84a slidably fitted in the groove 78a of the roller 80, and an outward gear portion 84b provided on the upper side of the engaging portion 84a.

Roller 80 and rings 82 and 84
Are protected by an annular cover 86. Cover 8
The reference numeral 6 extends along the center-side edge of the floor 60, and is detachably attached to the center-side edge of the floor 60 with a plurality of bolts or the like. Rings 82 and 84
Further, the cover 86 may also be one in which this is divided into a plurality of members around the axis 62 of the excavator 12, and the separating members that are adjacent in the circumferential direction are separably connected by bolts and nuts or the like. In this case, each of the divided members of the rings 82 and 84 and the cover 86 corresponds to the first head portion 64.
Are assembled in advance to the divided corresponding members.

Each first cutter 68 has a first head portion 6
4. A long base member detachably attached to the lower side of the lower plate-shaped portion 4 by a plurality of bolts and the like, and a plurality of cutters attached to one edge of the base member in the width direction at intervals. And a bit. Each first cutter 68
Corresponds to the cutout portion 78 of the lower plate-shaped portion, and among the edge portions that form the corresponding cutout portion 78, the edge portion that is rearward in the rotation direction of the cutter head 52 (the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 7). In addition, the cutting edge of the cutter bit is disposed in front of the cutting head 52 in the rotational direction and protrudes into the notch 78.

The excavated material by each first cutter 68 is received in the internal space of the first head portion 64 from the corresponding notch 78. Therefore, in the internal space, the notch 7
A portion communicating with the lower side of the lower plate-shaped portion through 8 is a chamber 88 for receiving the excavated material. Each chamber 88 has an inner plate-like portion 4
The space 90 for receiving the second head portion 66 is communicated with the second head portion 66 through an opening 90 formed by lacking a part of 0.

The first head portion 64 is also a guide for forcibly moving the excavated material received in the chamber 88 from the opening 90 to the space for the second head portion 66 as the cutter head 52 rotates. 92 is provided in each chamber 88 (see FIG. 7). However, such an action may be performed on another member such as the base member of the first cutter 68, or by making the first cutter 68 a plow-shaped cutter, May be done. The third cutters 72 are arranged on the outer plate-shaped portion of the first head portion 64 at intervals in the circumferential direction.

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 12, the second head portion 66 is a cylindrical tubular portion, that is, a hopper portion 94, which is detachably received in the space portion of the first head portion 64, and the hopper. It has a stopper 96 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the upper end of the section by a screw member or the like, and a bottom section 98 for closing the lower end of the hopper section 94.

The hopper portion 94 has an outer diameter dimension slightly smaller than the diameter of the space portion of the first head portion 64, and a length dimension in the vertical direction larger than the first head portion 64.
The stopper 96 has an outer diameter dimension larger than the diameter dimension of the space portion of the first head portion 64. Therefore, FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, when the second head portion 66 is mounted in the space portion of the first head portion 64, the second head portion 66 becomes
The stopper 96 abuts on a member (upper plate-shaped portion in the illustrated example) that forms the space of the first head portion 64, and the hopper portion 94 is maintained in a state of protruding downward from the first head portion 64. Thus, the vertical positioning with respect to the first head portion 64 is performed.

The hopper portion 94 has a plurality of openings 100 formed in the upper portion thereof at equal angular intervals around the axis 62 of the main body 50 so as to receive the excavated material by the first cutter 68. In the illustrated example, the openings 100 are formed at two opposing positions of the hopper portion 94, similarly to the cutout portion 78 and the opening 90 of the first head portion 64.

In the hopper portion 94, a shutter 102 for opening and closing each opening 100 is arranged in the hopper portion 94 so as to be vertically movable along the inner side surface of the tubular portion. Each shutter 102 is restricted from moving in the vertical direction by a pair of guide rails 104 mounted inside the hopper portion 94.

Each shutter 102 is prevented from slipping upward from the hopper 94 by an upper limit stopper 106 attached to the upper end of the inner surface of the hopper 94, and the bottom 9 is prevented.
It is prevented by 8 from falling off from the hopper portion 94. Each shutter 102 has a stopper 106.
The corresponding opening 100 is closed when displaced to a first position that abuts, and the corresponding opening 100 is opened when moved to a second position that abuts the bottom 98.

Both shutters 102 are connected at the upper end by a long connecting member 108. Connecting member 10
A long suspension member 110 is connected to a central portion in the longitudinal direction of 8 at one end thereof so as to be pivotally movable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction. Hanging member 110
Has a hanging ring 112 at the other end for hooking a hanging machine such as a crane.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 12, the bottom portion 98 has a plurality of notches 114 for receiving the excavated material by the second cutter 70 in the hopper portion 94. Each notch 114 corresponds to the second cutter 70, and in the example shown in the drawing, is formed at two opposing positions as shown in FIG. 1, and further extends in the diametrical direction of the second head portion 66. It has a rectangular shape.

Each of the second cutters 70 has a plurality of long base members detachably attached to the lower side of the bottom 98 by a plurality of bolts and the like, and a cutter bit attached to each base member. The base member of each of the second cutters 70 has an edge portion that is rearward in the rotation direction of the cutter head 52 among the edge portions that form the corresponding notches 114, and the cutting edge of the cutter bit is forward in the rotation direction of the cutter head 52. In addition, it is arranged so as to overlap a part of the notch 114.

The hopper section 94 also includes a fourth cutter 74.
The lower end has a plurality of cutouts 116 for receiving the excavated material according to the present invention in the hopper 94 (see FIGS. 10 and 11). The cutouts 116 correspond to the fourth cutter 74, and are formed at two opposing positions in the illustrated example, and further extend in the circumferential direction of the hopper 94.

Each of the fourth cutters 74 is provided with a cutter bit detachably attached to the lower end of the hopper 94 by a plurality of bolts or the like. The cutter bit of each of the fourth cutters 74 has an edge portion that is rearward in the rotation direction of the cutter head 52 among the edge portions that form the corresponding notches 116, and the cutting edge of the cutter bit is forward in the rotation direction of the cutter head 52. It is arranged so as to overlap with a part of the cutout portion 116.

The hopper portion 94 also has stepped portions 118 projecting inward at each of two opposing lower end portions. A part of each notch 116 extends to the step 118, and each fourth cutter 74 is arranged on the step 118. A pin 120 is attached to each step 118 by welding or the like. Both pins 120 project to the outside of the hopper portion 94 from the opposing portions.

The second head portion 66 also has a lid 122 on the upper side of the bottom portion 98 for opening and closing the notches 114 of the bottom portion 98. Each lid 122 is attached to the upper surface of the bottom portion 98 so as to be pivotable about an axis extending horizontally in parallel to the diametrical direction of the hopper portion 94. Therefore, each lid 1
22 normally closes the notch 114 by its own weight. However, when the cutter head 52 is rotated, each lid 1
22 is pushed up by the excavated material by the second cutter 70, thereby opening the notch 114.

The bottom portion 98 has ribs 124 extending in the diametrical direction.
It is reinforced by. The rib 124 is formed by welding or the like.
It is fixed to the upper surface of the bottom portion 98. A fifth cutter 126 is also attached to the bottom portion 98. The fifth cutter 126 is arranged downward in the central portion of the lower surface of the bottom portion 98 so as to excavate the earth and sand corresponding to the center portion of the vertical hole to be constructed.

Each drive mechanism 54 is provided with a plurality of rotation sources 128 (see FIG. 2) with reduction gears, and a gear 130 (see FIG. 9) attached to the output shaft of each rotation source 128. The rotation source 128 is mounted on the body 50 such that the gears 130 are equiangularly spaced about the axis 62 of the body 50. The gear 130 meshes with the gear portion 84a of the ring 84. Therefore, when the rotation source 128 is rotated, the ring 84 is rotated about the axis 62, and thus the cutter head 52 is rotated about the axis 62.

The rotation of the rotation source 128 is transmitted to the first head portion 64 to which the ring 84 is attached via the gear 130 and the gear portion 84a. As shown in FIG. 7, when the first head portion 64 is rotated, the first head portion 64 is rotated.
A plurality of engaging pieces 132 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the second head portion 66 engage with an engaging piece 134 provided on the outer peripheral surface,
As a result, the second head portion 66 is rotated together with the first head portion 64.

Each jack 20 can also be used to correct the excavation direction. The excavation direction can be corrected in the same manner as in a normal shield tunnel excavator. The thrust of each jack 20 is transmitted through the main body 50, the roller 80, the rings 84, 82, etc.
2 is transmitted.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavator 10
Also includes a plurality of pressing mechanisms 136 that press the second head portion 66 downward against the first head portion 64. In the illustrated example, the three pressing mechanisms 136 serve as the axis 6 of the excavator 12.
2 are arranged at equal angular intervals.

As shown in detail in FIG. 13, each pressing mechanism 136 includes a base 138 fixed to the cover 86, a bracket 140 detachably attached to the base by a plurality of bolts, and an axis line extending in the horizontal direction. A jack 142 pivotally movable about one end to a bracket 140 at one end, and a pivot 142 pivotally moveable about an axis extending horizontally to the bracket 140 at one end pivoting about an axis extending horizontally. An arm 144 pivotally connected to the jack 142 at the other end, and a roller 146 supported on the lower side of the arm 144 so as to be rotatable around an axis extending in the horizontal direction.

In the illustrated example, the jack 142 is a jack operated by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure, but it may be a screw jack. The jack 142 is connected to the bracket 140 at its cylinder-side end, and the arm 14 at its piston-rod-side end.
Connected to four.

The axis connecting the bracket 140 and the jack 142, the axis connecting the bracket 140 and the arm 144, the axis connecting the jack 142 and the arm 144, and the axis connecting the roller 146 to the arm 144 are parallel to each other. Extend to. However, the distance from the connection point between the jack 12 and the arm 144 to the connection point between the bracket 140 and the jack 142 is equal to the distance from the connection point between the jack 142 and the arm 144.
It is longer than the distance to the connection point with 4. Therefore, when the jack 142 is extended, the jack 142 and the arm 1
44 extends almost horizontally. On the other hand, the jack 14
2 is contracted, jack 142 and arm 144
And extend almost vertically.

In each pressing mechanism 136, when the jack 142 is extended, the roller 146 has the second head portion 66.
Of the second head portion 66 by contacting the upper end surface of the hopper portion 94 of
And the jack 142, the arm 144 and the roller 146 are in the first position when the jack 142 is contracted.
It is attached to the cover 86 so as to be retracted to a position that does not hinder the attachment / detachment of the second head portion 66 to / from the space of the head portion 64. In order to arrange the pressing mechanism 136 in this way, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, when the jack 142 is extended, the jack 142 and the arm 144 are arranged.
And may be arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the tangent line of the rotation locus of the second head portion 66.

Installation of propulsion device and excavator

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the frame 14 is installed on the ground, and the outrigger 24 adjusts the levelness and height. In this state, the excavator 12
The main body 50 and the first head portion 64 are assembled in the space 22 of the frame 14 on the ground. The first and second reaction force bodies 16 and 46, the connecting body 18, and the detent 44 are removed from the frame 14.

The body 50 of the excavator 12 and the first head portion 64 can be easily assembled by, for example, assembling the body 50 after assembling the first head portion 64. However, it is also possible to assemble the main body 50 before assembling the reverse first head portion 64,
The main body 50 and the first head portion 64 may be assembled in parallel.

Then, each first reaction body 16 is connected to the frame 1.
4 is removably attached to a predetermined position, and the connecting body 18 is removably attached to the first reaction body 16. In each of the first reaction force bodies 16, the pillar portion 32 has the frame 14
From the frame 1 so that the upper portion 34 and the connecting portion 36 project upward into the installation space 22.
It is attached to 4. The coupling 18 is attached to the coupling 36 of the first reaction body 16 at the ring 40 such that the ring 40 extends around the axis of the excavator and the reaction force receiver 42 extends upwardly from the ring 40.

Next, the jack 20 for propulsion is connected to the connecting body 1.
8 It is extended until it abuts. In this state, jack 20
Is connected to the excavator 12 and the connecting body 18, and then contracted. Thereby, the main body 50 of the excavator 12 and the first
The head portion 64 of the head is lifted as shown in FIG.

Next, the second head portion 66 of the excavator 12 is placed in the space of the first head portion 64 by a hanging machine such as a crane with the pressing jack 142 contracted.

The second head portion 66 is replaced with the first head portion 64.
When the second head portion 66 is displaced in the radial direction with respect to the first head portion 64 when the second head portion 66 is arranged in the space of the first head portion 64, It may not be possible to mount the second head portion 66 in the space of the first head portion 64 by abutting on the side plate portion. In order to prevent this, the excavator 10 includes a plurality of guide portions 148 formed in the first head portion 64, preferably three or more guide portions 148.
(See FIGS. 7-9). The guide portion 148 is provided at a portion on the center side of the upper surface of the upper plate-shaped portion 34 around the axis line 14 of the main body 50, and an inward guide surface in which the upper portion is closer to the center than the lower portion, that is, the inner side. That is, it has an inclined surface.

As a result, when the second head portion 66 is arranged in the space of the first head portion 64, the lower end of the hopper portion 94 of the second head portion 66 contacts the inclined surface of the guide portion 148. Then, it is lowered. Therefore, when the second head section 66 is mounted in the space of the first head section 64, even if the second head section 66 is displaced to some extent with respect to the first head section 64, the hopper section 94 is provided. The lower end of the guide part 14
Since it is guided to the center of rotation, that is, the side of the axis 62 by 8, the second head portion 66 is mounted only in the space of the first head portion 64 by being lowered.

After that, when the suspension of the second head portion 66 by a crane or the like is released, the shutter 102 of the second head portion 66 moves downward by its own weight, and the opening 100 of the second head portion 66 is opened. It When the pressing jack 142 is extended, the second head portion 66 is pushed down with respect to the first head portion 64 and is moved upward with respect to the first head portion 64, as shown in FIG. Be prevented from moving to. As a result, the pushing-down force of the propulsion jack 20 can be transmitted from the first head portion 64 to the second head portion 66.

When the second head portion 66 is pushed down by the pressing mechanism 136, the stopper 96 of the second head portion 66 contacts the first head portion 64, and the opening 100 of the second head portion 66 is opened. The height position is maintained so as to be substantially coincident with that of the opening 90 of the first head portion 64.

Drilling vertical holes

When the propulsion device 10 and the excavator 12 are installed as described above, the rotation source 128 of the drive mechanism 54 is rotated while all the jacks 20 are synchronously extended. This causes the gear 130 to rotate, causing the ring 84 to rotate about the axis of the body 50 and the first head 64 to rotate about the axis 62 relative to the body 50.
The main body 50 accompanying the rotation of the cutter head 52 during excavation
Preferably, the frame 14 and the body 50 are slidably engaged to prevent rotation of the.

When the opening 100 of the second head portion 66 is angularly displaced around the axis 62 with respect to the opening 90 of the first head portion 64 at the start of rotation of the first head portion 64,
The engaging piece 132 of the first head portion 64 is the second head portion 6.
The first head portion 64 until it engages with the engaging piece 134 of
Rotate relative to the second head portion 66. Engaging piece 13
When 2, 102 are engaged, the opening 1 of the second head portion 66
00 is aligned with the opening 90 of the first head portion 64, and the second head portion 66 is rotated together with the first head portion 64.

While the cutter head 52 is rotated, the second head portion 66 is pressed against the earth and sand below the second head portion 66 by the jacks 20 and 142.
The second cutter 70 excavates the earth and sand below the head portion 66 of the. The excavated material by the second cutter 70 enters the hopper 94 from the notch 114 of the second head 66 while pushing up the lid 122 as the second head 66 rotates and the jack 20 extends.

When the second head portion 66 is rotated, the earth and sand around the lower end portion of the second head portion 66 is excavated by the fourth cutter 74. The excavated material by the fourth cutter 74 rotates the second head portion 66 and the jack 2
With the extension of 0, the cutout portion 1 of the second head portion 66
The hopper portion 94 enters from 16. This reduces the frictional force acting on the outer peripheral surface of the second head portion 66 during excavation.

When the second head portion 66 is rotated, the earth and sand at the center of the lower surface of the second head portion 66 is further excavated by the fifth cutter 126. The excavated material by the fifth cutter 126, along with the rotation of the second head portion 66 and the extension of the jack 20, together with the excavated material by the second cutter 70, extends from the cutout portion 116 of the second head portion 66 to the hopper portion. Enter 94. This can prevent the excavation direction from changing.

As described above, during excavation, the second head portion 66 is pushed by the pressing jack 142 into the first head portion 64.
On the other hand, if it is pushed down, the second head portion 66 can be prevented from rising relative to the first head portion 64, so that the excavation efficiency by the second cutter 30 is increased.

When the excavator 12 is lowered by a predetermined amount, the first head portion 64 is pressed against the earth and sand below the first head portion 64 by the dead weight of the excavator 10 and the jack 20. Excavation by the head portion 64 is started. As a result, with the rotation of the cutter head 52 and the extension of the jack 20, the earth and sand below the first head portion 64 are excavated by the first cutter 68.

The excavated material by the first cutter 68 enters the chamber 88 from the notch 36 of the first head portion 64 with the rotation of the first head portion 64 and the extension of the jack 20, and then by the guide 92. It is forcibly moved toward the opening 90. As a result, the excavated material in the chamber 88 passes from the opening 90 of the first head portion 64 to the second head portion 66.
It is pushed into the hopper portion 94 through the opening 100.
Therefore, the excavated material by the first cutter 68 can be collected in the second head portion 66 without manual labor.

As the excavation further proceeds, the first head portion 63
The earth and sand around is excavated by the third cutter 72, and fluidity is imparted. This reduces the frictional force that acts on the outer peripheral surface of the first head portion 64 during excavation.

As described above, during excavation, the first head portion 6 is pushed by the jack 142 for pressing the second head portion 66.
If pushed down with respect to 4, it is possible to prevent the second head portion 66 from rising relative to the first head portion 64, so that the excavation efficiency by the second cutter 30 is increased. During excavation, the reaction force of the jack 20 is received by the connecting body 18,
From the connecting body 18 to the frame 14 via the first reaction body 16.
Is transmitted to

Discharge of excavated material

When the amount of excavated material in the hopper 94 reaches a predetermined amount, the extension of the jack 20 and the operation of the drive mechanism 54 are stopped first, so that the excavation work is temporarily stopped. Then, the pressing jack 142 is contracted,
The entire pressing mechanism 136 is retracted from the movement path of the second head portion 66. After that, a hook such as a crane is hooked on the ring 112 of the second head portion 66, and the second head portion 6
6 is lifted to the ground side by a crane or the like.

When the second head portion 66 is lifted up, first, the shutter 102 of the second head portion 66 contacts the hopper portion 94 until the shutter 102 contacts the stopper 106.
By being pulled up with respect to the second head portion 66
The opening 100 is closed by the shutter 102, and then the entire second head portion 66 is lifted.

When the second head portion 66 is lifted up, the opening 100 and the cutout portion 11 of the second head portion 66.
4 is closed by the shutter 102 and the lid 122, respectively, so that the excavated material in the hopper 94 is opened by the opening 100.
Also, there is no danger of dropping from the notch 114. The excavated material in the second head portion 66 is transferred to a dump truck or the like on the ground.

After that, the second head portion 66 is arranged again in the space of the first head portion 64, and the jack 142 of the pressing mechanism 136 is extended. Then all jacks 2
While 0 is extended synchronously again, the rotation source 128 of the drive mechanism 54 is rotated again, whereby the excavation is restarted.

The second head portion 66 is replaced with the first head portion 64.
When it is mounted in the space portion of the second head portion 66, since the earth and sand around the tubular portion of the second head portion 66 is excessively excavated by the fourth cutter 74, it is formed by the second and fourth cutters 70, 74. It becomes easy to attach and detach the second head portion 66 to and from the drilled hole, and as a result, it is easy to attach and detach the second head portion 66 to the space portion of the first head portion 64 for discharging the excavated material. Become.

Replacement of connected body

Further excavation progresses, whereby the excavator 12
Is lowered to the position shown in FIG. 13, first the jack 2
When the extension of 0 and the operation of the drive mechanism 54 are stopped, the excavation work is temporarily stopped. Then, the connecting body 18 is removed from the first reaction body 16, and the jack 20 is contracted. As a result, the connecting body 18 is lowered as shown in FIG.

In parallel with this, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the skin plate 150 is attached to the main body 50 of the excavator 12 in the form of a cylinder extending upward from the main body 50, and the detent 44 is shown in FIG. Attached to the frame 14. The detent 44 is attached to the frame 14 using the hole 44b so as to slidably receive a part of the skin plate 150 in the notch 44a shown in FIG. As a result, the skin plate 150 is prevented from being rotated by the rotational reaction force of the cutter head 52.

In parallel with the above work, FIG. 14 (A)
As shown in FIG.
The tubular lining 152 is formed between the excavator 12 and the first reaction body 16 by arranging the lining 152 inside the 0. Then, the upper end surface of the lining 152 is bolted to the first reaction body 16. And the like, and then the ring 40 of the connecting body 18 is removably attached to the lower end surface of the lining 152 by bolts or the like.

As a result, the excavator 12 and the first reaction body 1
6 is connected via the jack 20, the connecting body 18, and the lining 152. Then, excavation is restarted. After restarting, the reaction force of the jack 20 is as follows:
8, transmitted to the frame 14 via the lining 152 and the first reaction force body 16. Skin plate 150 during drilling
Are lowered with the excavator 12.

Exchange of reaction force body

When the excavation further advances by a distance corresponding to the height dimension of the lining 152, first, the extension of the jack 20 and the operation of the drive mechanism 54 are stopped, so that the excavation work is temporarily stopped. Then, the lining 152 causes the first reaction body 16 to
And the jack 20 is contracted. This allows
The connector 18 and the lining 152 are lowered.

Then, the first reaction body 16 is attached to the frame 14
And the second reaction body 46 is attached to the mark. As a result, the excavator 12 and the second reaction force body 46 are connected via the jack 20, the connection body 18, and the lining 152. Then, the excavation work is restarted. After restarting, the reaction force of the jack 20 causes the connecting body 18 and the lining 15 to move.
It is transmitted to the 2nd reaction force body 46 via 2, and is transmitted to the frame 14 from the 2nd reaction force body 46. The second reaction force body 46 is attached to the frame 14 by utilizing the hole 46b.

When correcting the forward direction of the excavator 12,
The drive mechanism 54 is operated while at least one jack 20 is extended. Thereby, the forward direction of the excavator 12 with respect to the vertical line is gradually corrected. When the at least one jack 20 is extended by a predetermined amount, the forward direction of the excavator 12 is corrected to the correct direction with respect to the vertical line. Therefore, thereafter, the drive mechanisms 54 are operated while all the jacks 20 are synchronously extended at the same speed.

As described above, if the column-shaped first reaction force body 16 is removed from the frame 14 and the plate-shaped second reaction force body 46 is attached to the mark, the second reaction force body 46 becomes the frame. The second reaction force body 46 does not hinder the raising and lowering of the second head portion 66, because the second reaction force body 46 does not significantly project upward from the position 14.
The work of discharging excavated material becomes easy.

Continue drilling vertical holes

After that, each time a predetermined distance is excavated, the connecting body 18 is removed from the lower end surface of the lining 152 in which the digging has been temporarily stopped, and a new lining is placed in the lining 152. It is arranged on the lower side, the connecting body 18 is attached to the lower end surface of the new lining, and the work for restarting the excavation work is performed. The above-described work of discharging the excavated material is performed each time the excavated material in the hopper unit 94 reaches a predetermined amount during excavation.

When a vertical hole having a predetermined depth is constructed, first,
The second head portion 66 is removed from the vertical hole by a crane or the like. Next, the connecting body 18 is removed from the lining, and the main body 50
And the 1st head part 64 is divided into a plurality of members, and the divided members are removed from a vertical hole by a crane etc.
As a result, the excavator 12 is removed from the vertical hole.

Next, a lining is formed on the removal trace of the excavator 12, that is, at the bottom of the vertical hole, and the frame 14 is removed. This completes the construction of one vertical hole.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a propulsion device of the present invention and an excavator propelled by the propulsion device.

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

3A and 3B are diagrams showing an embodiment of a first reaction body, in which FIG. 3A is a front view, FIG. 3B is a right side view, and FIG.
Is a plan view.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a part of a connected body.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a detent.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example of a second reaction body.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the cutter head, and is a plan view showing the excavator with the ring, cover, and upper plate-shaped portion removed.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, a part of a connecting portion between the main body of the excavator and the cutter head.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, another part of the connecting portion between the main body of the excavator and the cutter head.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing a second head with a part thereof cut away.

FIG. 11 is a right side view showing a right side view of the second head with a part thereof broken away.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of a second cutter.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing an example of a pressing mechanism.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 2 for explaining the excavation process, showing a state in which a predetermined amount of excavation has been performed.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the excavation process,
FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view for explaining a connecting body replacement process, and FIG. 9B is a view for explaining a reaction force body replacement process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Propulsion device 12 Excavator for vertical hole 14 Frame 16 1st reaction body 18 Connection body 20 Jack for propulsion 22 Excavator arrangement space 40 Ring 42 Jack receiving 44 Rotation stop 46 Second reaction body 50 Excavator Main body 52 Cutter head 54 Drive mechanism 64 First head portion 66 Second head portion 68, 70, 72, 74, 126 Cutter for excavation

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A frame having a space for arranging a vertical hole excavator, a plurality of reaction bodies arranged at intervals around the space and extending upward from the frame, and removable to the reaction body. A propulsion device for an excavator for a vertical hole, comprising: a connecting body attached to the excavator; and a plurality of jacks that use the connecting body to apply a force for lowering the excavator to the excavator. 2. The coupling body is removably attached to the first reaction body so as to extend around the arrangement space, and the coupling body is arranged on the ring with a space around the axis thereof. 2. The propulsion device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of jack receivers, each of which is for receiving the jack and extends upward from the ring. 3. A frame having an arrangement space for a vertical hole excavator is installed on the ground, and the excavator is arranged in the arrangement space so that the axis of the excavator is in the vertical direction. After or in parallel with this, the connecting body is detachably attached to a plurality of reaction force bodies arranged at intervals around the arrangement space so as to extend upward from the frame, and the excavator is lowered. A method of constructing a vertical hole, comprising: connecting the excavator to the connecting body with a plurality of jacks; and excavating the ground by the excavator while lowering the excavator. 4. The connection body is disengaged from the reaction force body, the connection body is lowered, a lining is formed between the excavator and the reaction force body, and the lining is formed as described above. The construction according to claim 3, comprising connecting to a reaction body, detachably connecting the connecting body to the lining, and excavating the ground by the excavator while lowering the excavator. Method. 5. Further, the connection body is removed from the lining, the lining and the connection body are lowered, the reaction force body is removed from the frame, and a plate-shaped second reaction force body is provided. Attached to the frame, the lining is the second
6. The construction method according to claim 5, further comprising: connecting to the reaction force body of 1., and excavating the ground by the excavator while lowering the excavator. 6. Further, the connection body is removed from the lining, the connection body is lowered, a new lining is arranged between the lining and the excavator, and the connection body is replaced with the new connection body. 6. The method of construction according to claim 5, comprising removably connecting to a solid lining and excavating the ground with the excavator while lowering the excavator.