JPH09228771A - Device for forming pit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the discharge work of excavated material from a discharge container by providing a bucket type second excavation head in a space part at the center of a first excavation head, and hoisting the second excavation head on the ground. SOLUTION: An excavation machine 20 is provided with a first excavation head 28 excavating earth and sand positioned below, and a space penetrating in the upper and lower directions at its center. By use of the space, a second excavation head 30 is arranged at the first excavation head 28 so as to be detachably therefrom. The second excavation head 30 is in a bucket form to excavate the earth and sand below and also receives the excavated material by the first excavation head 28. The second excavation head 30 accommodating the excavated material by both the heads 28, 30 is hoisted on the ground by a crane 210. A pin 106 set on the outside of the second excavation head 30 is received by a pin receiver 226 mounted on the crane 210, and the excavated material is transfered onto a dump truck 230 or the like.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device for constructing a vertically extending hole.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one of the devices for constructing deep vertical holes used for foundations for concrete structures, foundations for steel towers, foundations for bridge piers, etc., vertical holes are excavated by an excavator equipped with an excavation head, There is a device for loading the above into a bucket by hand or a machine, moving the bucket to the ground side with a crane, and transferring the excavated material in the bucket to a dump truck or the like on the ground side. However, with this device, the transfer work of the excavated material in the bucket is troublesome, and it takes time to transfer the excavated material.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to facilitate the work of discharging excavated material from a container for discharging excavated material.

[0004]

SOLUTION, ACTION, EFFECT The vertical hole building device of the present invention is
An excavator for excavating a vertical hole, and a ground facility arranged on the ground side for discharging the excavated material by the excavator to the ground side.

The excavator is a first excavating head having a cylindrical main body having an axis extending in the vertical direction and a space portion penetrating in the vertical direction in the central portion, and is used for excavating at least soil below. A first excavation head rotatably arranged around the axis at a lower end portion of the main body, and detachably and coaxially arranged from above to the first excavation head by utilizing the space. A second excavating head having a bucket shape for receiving the excavated material by the first excavating head, excavating at least lower soil, and internally receiving the excavated material by the second excavating head; A drive mechanism for rotating the first and second excavation heads.

The second excavating head has a pair of pins extending outward in the radial direction at opposite positions on the outer surface. The ground equipment includes a crane that raises and lowers the second excavation head, and a pair of pin receivers that receive the pins of the second excavation head that is moved to the ground side.

The second excavating head, while accommodating the excavated material, is lifted to the ground side by a crane, and the pin is received by the pin receiver. In that state, the second drilling head is rotated around the axis of the pin and its posture is reversed. As a result, the second excavation head discharges the stored excavated product so that the excavated product is transferred to a transport vehicle such as a dump truck or a storage means for the excavated product.

According to the present invention, the second excavating head is rotated while the pin of the second excavating head, which acts as a container for discharging excavated material, is received by the pin receiver.
Since the excavated material in the second excavating head can be ejected, the operation of ejecting the excavated object from the second excavating head becomes easy.

In a preferred embodiment, the crane is a jib crane having a portal-shaped jib which is angularly rotatable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction, and the pin receiver is provided on the arm. In another preferred embodiment, the crane is a gantry crane, and the pin receiver is provided on a pole installed on the ground. However, other cranes may be used.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 Example of excavator

Referring to FIG. 1, the vertical hole building apparatus includes an excavator 20 for excavating a vertical hole.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the excavator 20
Has an axis 22 extending in the up-and-down direction and receives a casing 24 arranged in the upper part. Casing 24
Is a short cylindrical casing. The casing 24 will be described later in detail with reference to FIG.

The excavator 20 has a cylindrical short body 26 coaxial with the axis 22, and an annular first excavating head 28 rotatably arranged around the axis 22 at the lower end of the body.
A bucket-shaped second drilling head 30 coaxially arranged in the center of the first drilling head 28 and rotated around the axis 22 together with the first drilling head 28; A drive mechanism 32 for rotating the main body 26, a moving mechanism 34 for vertically moving the main body 26, and a receiving means 36 for receiving the casing 24 arranged above the moving mechanism 34.
And

An annular bottom plate 38 is coaxially connected to the lower end of the main body 26 by a plurality of screw members such as bolts and nuts (not shown) in an inward flange shape. Bottom plate 38
On top of this, an annular bed 40 is detachably mounted. An operator can utilize the ladder to move from the ground to the floor 40 and vice versa. Therefore, the worker checks the floor 40 with the state of the hole bottom,
It can be used as a work floor for performing work or the like for inspecting.

Although not shown, the main body 26 and the bottom plate 38
The floor 40 and the floor 40 can be respectively divided into a plurality of members, preferably three or more, around the axis 22 of the main body 26, and the members adjacent in the circumferential direction can be separated by a plurality of screw members such as bolts and nuts. It is connected. This allows
The body 26, the bottom plate 38 and the floor 40 can be easily transported and they can be disassembled and removed.

Although not shown, the divided parts of the main body 26 are detachably connected to the divided parts of the bottom plate 38 and the floor 40 by a plurality of screw members such as bolts and nuts. Similarly, each of the divided portions of the bottom plate 38 and the floor 40 is separably connected to the two divided portions of the main body 26 by a plurality of screw members such as bolts and nuts. Thereby, the joining strength of the members adjacent in the circumferential direction is increased.

The first excavating head 28 is rotatably supported on the lower end of the main body 26 about the axis 22, and the second excavating head 30 is arranged coaxially so as to be detachable from above. It has a space in the center.

As shown in FIGS. 2-6, the first drilling head 28 has an annular upper plate or upper plate portion 42, an annular lower plate or lower plate portion 44, and a short cylindrical shape. Outer plate part or outer plate part 46, short cylindrical inner plate part or inner plate part 48, and a plurality of cutters attached to the bottom side of the bottom plate part 44 for excavating the earth and sand below the bottom plate part 44. It has an assembly 50 and a plurality of cutters 52 mounted on the outside of the outer plate portion 46 and excavating the earth and sand around the outer plate portion 46.

The upper plate portion 42, the bottom plate portion 44, the outer plate portion 46 and the inner plate portion 48 are fixed to each other by welding or the like so as to jointly form an annular inner space extending around the axis 22. . However, the upper plate portion 42, the bottom plate portion 44, the outer plate portion 46, and the inner plate portion 48 may be separably joined by a plurality of screw members such as bolts and nuts.

Although not shown, the first drilling head 2
8 can be divided into a plurality of members around the axis 22 of the main body 26, and the members adjacent in the circumferential direction are separably connected by a plurality of screw members such as bolts and nuts. Therefore, each of the upper plate portion 42, the bottom plate portion 44, the outer plate portion 46, and the inner plate portion 48 is also formed of a plurality of members corresponding to the divided members of the first excavation head 28. This allows
The first drilling head 28 can be easily transported, and the first drilling head 28 can be disassembled and removed.

The internal space of the first excavating head 28 is divided into a plurality of chambers by a plurality of partition plates 54. The bottom plate portion 44 forms a frusto-conical lower surface that is inclined so that the central portion is lower than the peripheral portion, and the bottom plate portion 44 is provided at a plurality of locations (opposite in the illustrated example) spaced around the axis 22. The opening 56 is provided at each of two positions).

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the first excavating head 28 is rotatably attached to the lower end portion of the main body 26 about an axis parallel to the axis 22 by a support shaft 60 and a bracket (not shown). A plurality of rollers 62, a receiving ring 64 attached to the upper plate portion 42 so as to extend around the axis 22, and an assembly attached on the ring 64 by a plurality of screw members such as bolts. It is rotatably attached to the lower end portion of the main body 26 by means of the ring 66.

The rollers 62 are arranged at evenly spaced positions on a virtual circle around the axis 22, and are assembled to the bottom plate 38 and the floor 40. Each roller 62
Has a circumferentially continuous V-shaped groove 62a on the outer peripheral surface. In the illustrated example, six rollers 62 are provided. Rings 64 and 66 extend about body 22 about axis 22.
It extends coaxially with 6. The ring 66 is provided with the groove 6 of the roller 62.
It has an annular engaging portion 66a slidably fitted to 2a, and an outward gear portion, that is, an external gear portion 66b provided above the engaging portion 66a. However, instead of the external gear portion, an inward gear portion, that is, an internal gear portion may be used.

The roller 62 and the rings 64 and 66 are protected by a cover 68. The cover 68 covers the floor 40
And is removably attached to the inner edge of the floor 40 by a plurality of screw members such as bolts. The rings 64 and 66 and the cover 68 are each divided into a plurality of members around the axis 22, and members that are adjacent in the circumferential direction are separably connected by a plurality of screw members such as bolts and nuts.

Each cutter assembly 50 has an elongated base portion removably attached to the underside of the bottom plate portion 44 by a plurality of screw members such as bolts, and one edge portion in the width direction of the base member. A plurality of cutters mounted at intervals. Each cutter assembly 50 corresponds to the opening 56 of the bottom plate portion 44, and of the edges forming the corresponding opening 56, the direction of rotation of the first drilling head 28 (indicated by arrows in FIGS. 3 and 4). The cutting edge of the cutter is located at the rear edge (in the direction shown) at the front in the rotational direction of the first excavating head 28, and part of the cutter assembly 50 overlaps part of the opening 56.

The excavated material by each cutter assembly 50 is fed from the corresponding opening 56 of the bottom plate portion 44 to the first excavation head 28.
Accepted in the interior space. For this reason, the part which communicates with the lower part of the bottom plate part 44 via the opening 56 in the internal space is the chamber 70 which receives excavated material. Each chamber 70 has an opening 7 formed by lacking a part of the inner plate portion 48.
2 (see FIG. 5), it is communicated with the space portion that receives the second excavation head 30.

A plurality of openings 74 are formed in the outer plate portion 46 (see FIG. 5). Each of the cutters 52 has an opening 7 in such a state that the cutting edge thereof is located forward of the first excavating head 28 in the rotation direction and the cutting edge of the cutter 52 partially overlaps the opening 74.
4 are arranged on the edge. The excavated material from the cutter 52 is moved from the opening 74 formed in the outer plate portion 46 to the chamber 70.
Accepted to.

The first excavating head 28 is a guide 76 for forcibly moving the excavated material received in the chamber 70 from the opening 72 to the space portion as the first excavating head 28 rotates.
Is provided in each chamber 70. However, such an action may be performed by another member such as the base member of the cutter assembly 50, or the cutter assembly 50 may be formed as a plow-shaped cutter so that the cutter assembly 50 performs the operation. You may let it.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 10, the second excavating head 30 has a cylindrical tubular portion 80 detachably received in the space of the first excavating head 28, and the tubular portion 80. It has a bottom portion 82 that closes the lower end, a cutter assembly 84 that is arranged below the bottom portion 82, and a plurality of cutters 86 that are arranged on the outer periphery of the lower end portion of the tubular portion 80.

The upper end outer peripheral surface of the tubular portion 80 is reinforced by a band-shaped member 88 fixed to the upper end outer peripheral surface by a plurality of screw members. The belt member 88 includes a plurality of stoppers 90.
Has been fixed. The cylindrical portion 80 is provided with the first drilling head 2.
8 has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the space portion, and a vertical length larger than the first excavation head 28.

The diameter dimension of the rotation locus of the stopper 90 is smaller than the inner diameter dimension of the upper plate portion 42 of the first excavating head 28, but larger than the inner diameter dimension of the bottom plate portion 44. Therefore, the second
When the excavating head 30 is inserted into the space of the first excavating head 28 from above, the second excavating head 30 is brought into contact with the bottom plate 44 by the stopper 90 so that the cylindrical portion 80
Is maintained in a state of protruding downward from the bottom plate portion 44,
Is vertically positioned with respect to the excavation head 28.

The cylindrical portion 80 has a plurality of notches 92 formed at equal angular intervals around the axis 22 at the upper end so as to receive the excavated material in the chamber 70 of the first excavating head 28. Have. In the illustrated example, the cutout portions 92 are formed at two opposing locations, similarly to the openings 56 and 72 of the first excavation head 28.

A long member 94 is connected to the upper end of the tubular portion 80. The long member 94 extends in the diameter direction of the tubular portion 80. A long suspending member 96 is connected to a longitudinal central portion of the long member 94 at one end thereof so as to be pivotable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction.
The suspending member 96 has a suspending ring 98 at the other end for hanging a hook 224 of the crane 210 described later.

The bottom 82 has a plurality of openings 100 for receiving the excavated material by the cutter assembly 84 into the tubular portion 80. The opening 100 corresponds to the cutter assembly 84, and is formed at two opposing positions in the illustrated example, and has a rectangular shape extending in the diameter direction of the second excavation head 30.

Each cutter assembly 84 includes a plurality of elongated base members removably attached to the lower side of the bottom portion 82 by a plurality of screw members such as bolts, and a plurality of cutters attached to each base member. With. The base member of each cutter assembly 84 is an edge that is behind the rotation direction of the second drilling head 30 (the direction indicated by the arrow in FIGS. 3, 4, and 7) among the edge portions that form the corresponding openings 100. The cutting edge of the cutter is located in front of the second excavating head 30 in the rotational direction, and part of the cutter overlaps part of the opening 100.

The tubular portion 80 also includes a plurality of openings 102 for receiving the excavated material by the cutter 86 into the tubular portion 80.
At the lower end. The openings 102 correspond to the cutters 86, and are formed at two opposing locations in the illustrated example. The opening 102 extends in the circumferential direction of the tubular portion 80.

Each cutter 86 is detachably attached to the lower end of the tubular portion 80 by a plurality of screw members such as bolts. Each cutter 86 has a corresponding aperture 102
Among the edge portions forming the second excavation head 30, the blade edge is disposed at the rear edge in the rotational direction of the second excavation head 30 such that the cutting edge is forward in the rotational direction of the second excavation head 30 and partially overlaps the opening 102. ing.

The tubular portion 80 also has stepped portions 104 projecting inward at each of two opposing lower end portions.
A part of each opening 102 extends to the step 104, and each cutter 86 is arranged on the step 104. A pin 106 is attached to each step 104 by welding or the like. Both pins 106 protrude outside the cylindrical portion 80 from opposing portions.

The second drilling head 30 also has a bottom 82.
A lid 108 for opening and closing each opening 100 is provided above the bottom 82. Each lid 108 is attached to the upper surface of the bottom portion 82 so as to be pivotable about an axis extending horizontally and substantially parallel to the diameter direction of the cylindrical portion 80. For this reason, each lid 10
8 normally closes the opening 100 by its own weight. However, when the second drilling head 30 is rotated, each lid 10
8 is pushed up by the excavation by the cutter assembly 84, thereby opening the opening 100.

A cutter 110 is attached to the bottom portion 82 (see FIGS. 2 and 7). The cutter 110 is
It is arranged downward in the central portion of the lower surface of the bottom portion 82 so as to excavate the earth and sand corresponding to the center portion of the vertical hole to be constructed.
The inner diameter of the floor 40, the rings 64, 66 and the cover 68 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the second excavation head 30.

The drive mechanism 32 includes a plurality of rotation sources 114 with reduction gears, and a gear 116 (see FIG. 6) attached to the output shaft of each rotation source 114. Rotation source 114
Are mounted on body 26 such that gears 116 are equiangularly spaced about axis 22. Each gear 116
Meshes with the gear 66b of the ring 66. For this reason,
As the rotation source 114 is rotated, the ring 66 is rotated about the axis 22 so that the first drilling head 28
Rotated around 2.

When the first excavating head 28 is rotated, a plurality of engaging pieces 118 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the first excavating head 28 are stoppers provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second excavating head 30. 90 for engaging the second drilling head 30
Is rotated with the first excavation head 28. Engaging piece 1
18 connects the second digging head 30 to the first digging head 28
When the second excavation head 30 is disposed at the position, the second excavation head 30 is moved to the first excavation head 30 so that the opening 72 and the cutout portion 92 face each other even if the second excavation head 30 is slightly displaced from the first excavation head 28.
To the space of the excavating head 28.

When the engagement piece 118 and the stopper 90 come into contact with each other as the first excavation head 28 rotates, the plurality of convex pieces 1 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the upper end of the second excavation head 30.
20 (see FIG. 2) is pushed downward by the first drilling head 28. As a result, the second drilling head 30 is releasably prevented from rising with respect to the first drilling head 28. The convex piece 120 has an inclined upper surface that becomes lower toward the front in the rotation direction of the first excavation head 28.

As shown in FIGS. 11 to 16, the moving mechanism 3
4 is a cylindrical frame 13 fitted to the upper outside of the main body 26.
0 is provided. The main body 26 and the frame body 130 are assembled so that relative displacement in the direction of the axis 22 is possible but rotation about the axis 22 is impossible by one or more detent means.

An example of such a detent means is shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. In the illustrated example, the detent means includes a stopper 132 attached inside the lower end of the frame 130 so as to extend in the vertical direction, and a main body 2 extending in the vertical direction.
6 and a groove 134 formed on the upper outside. The stopper 132 and the groove 134 extend in the vertical direction and are fitted so as to be relatively slidable in the vertical direction.

The frame body 130 can be divided into a plurality of members in the circumferential direction of the frame body, and the dividing members adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are shown in FIG.
2 and FIG. 13, they are separably connected by a plurality of bolts 136 and nuts 138.

The frame 130 has a recess 14 that is open to the outer peripheral side.
0 is provided at a plurality of locations on the lower outer periphery. Each recess 140 has a groove 1
A portion slightly higher than the height position of 32 extends in the circumferential direction, and the concave portions 140 adjacent in the circumferential direction are separated by the connecting portions of the adjacent divided members of the frame 130.

A pressing body 142 for reaction force is provided in each recess 140.
Is arranged. Each pressing body 142 has a corresponding recess 1
It is arcuately curved to fit 40 and has an arcuate surface extending around axis 22 on the outside. In the illustrated example, the width of the arc-shaped surface, that is, the outer surface, that is, the size in the direction of the axis 22 is large, and therefore, the outer surface of the pressing body 142 has a large area.

The pressing bodies 142 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are connected by a reaction force jack group, that is, a first jack group, so that their circumferential ends are relatively displaced in a direction in which they approach each other and move away from each other. There is. Each first jack group includes a plurality of reaction force jacks or first jacks 144 that are vertically spaced. Each first jack 144 is
It is a fluid pressure jack such as a hydraulic jack, and the plate-like connecting member 146 pivotally connects the cylinder to one end of the pressing body 142 and the piston rod to the other end of the pressing body 142. It is pivotally connected.

Each connecting member 146 has a corresponding pressing body 14.
2 extend from the circumferential end to the inside of the frame body 130 through the opening 148 of the frame body 130. Each connecting member 146 and the pressing body 142 are connected integrally or by welding. A plurality of first jacks 144 and a plurality of connecting members 146 of each first jack group for displacing the same pressing body 142
Is to synchronize the expansion and contraction of the first jack 144,
They are connected by a common pivot 150 so as to be pivotable.

The main body 26 and the frame 130 are provided at a plurality of positions around the axis 22 by pushing down jacks or second jacks.
Are connected by a jack 152. The cylinder of each second jack 152 is pivotally connected to the bottom plate 38 by a connector 156 using pins, and the piston rod is pivotally connected to the frame 130 by a connector 155 using pins. The stroke of the second jack 152 is
As in the illustrated example, it is preferable that the vertical dimension (width dimension) of the outer surface of the pressing body 142 be equal to or smaller than that of the pressing body 142.
It may be larger than the vertical dimension (width dimension) of the outer side surface of 42.

In the moving mechanism 34, the first jack 1
When the pressing members 142 are contracted, the pressing members 142 that are adjacent to each other are drawn to each other.
2, as shown by the solid lines in FIGS. 14 and 15, are housed in corresponding recesses 140.

On the other hand, when each of the first jacks 144 is extended, the adjacent pressing bodies 142 are separated from each other. Therefore, each pressing body 142 is shown by a solid line in FIGS. 2 and 13 and also in FIGS. 14 and 15. As indicated by a chain double-dashed line in FIG.
Is moved outward in the radial direction, so that each pressing body 142
Is pressed against the surrounding ground by protruding a part thereof from the corresponding recess 140.

Therefore, the moving mechanism 34 includes the pressing body 14
The main body 26 is pressed downward by the second jack 152 in a state in which a reaction force is obtained on the surrounding ground by pressing the base 2 against the surrounding ground. As a result, the first excavating head 28 is pushed downward through the main body 26 by the moving mechanism 34, and the second excavating head 30 is connected to the main body 26 and the first excavating head 28.
It is pushed down through.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the receiving means 36 is disposed inside the upper portion of the frame 130 to receive the casing 24, and an annular casing receiver 160 via the second jack 152. And a plurality of connecting bodies 162 connected to the main body 26.

The casing receiver 160 has an L-shaped cross section, and can be divided into a plurality of arc-shaped arc-shaped members extending in an arc shape inside the upper portion of the frame body 130. Adjacent arc-shaped members are separably connected by a plurality of screw members such as bolts and nuts so that the casing receiver 160 extends inside the upper portion of the frame body 130.

In the illustrated example, each connecting member 162 is a plurality of elongated members having a U-shaped cross section. Each connected body 1
Reference numeral 62 denotes an upper end portion which is detachably connected to the casing receiver 160 by a plurality of screw members 164 and a lower end portion which is connected to the cylinder of the second jack 152 by a plurality of screw members 166.

The casing 24 is detachably connected to the casing receiver 160 by a plurality of screw members 168 such as bolts. The operation of connecting the casing 24 to the casing receiver 160 is performed on the ground.

Example of ground equipment

Referring to FIGS. 19, 20 and 21, ground equipment is installed on the ground. The ground facility includes a jib crane 210, as shown in FIG.
The crane 210 has a jib 214 and a hoist winch 216 arranged on a pedestal 212.

The jib 214 is formed in a gate shape by connecting a pair of arm members extending in parallel at intervals with a long connecting member at one end thereof, and at the other end of the arm member a jib 214. 212 is rotatably connected about a horizontal axis and a vertical axis. The distance between the arm members of the jib 214 is slightly larger than the diameter dimension of the second excavating head 30, and is substantially the same as the distance between the tips of the pins 106.

A plurality of pulleys 218 are supported on the jib 214 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal axis. Wire 220
Extends from the winch 216 to a sheave assembly 222 for suspension through a plurality of sheaves 218 arranged on one side with respect to the centerline in the width direction, and further to the sheave assembly 22.
2 to a winch 216 via a plurality of pulleys 218 arranged on the other side with respect to the center line in the width direction. Thereby, the wire 220 extends in the vicinity of the arm members so as not to be an obstacle when receiving the second drilling head 30 between the arm members. Pulley assembly 222
Includes a hook 224 for suspending the second drilling head 30.
Is suspended.

A pin receiver 226 for receiving the pin 106 of the second excavating head 30 is attached to each arm member of the jib 214. The pin receiver 226 is formed by a plate member having a recess for receiving the pin 106, and is fixed to the elongated member of the jib 214 so that the recess faces each other. The jib 214 is mounted on the pedestal 2 with a plurality of jacks 228.
It is rotated angularly about a horizontal axis with respect to 12.

Example of casing

The casing 24, as shown in FIG.
It has flange-like connecting portions 186 and 188 at the upper end and the lower end. The connecting portion 186 at the upper end is provided with a screw hole 190 for screwing a bolt connecting the upper casing.
Having. On the other hand, the connecting portion 188 at the lower end has a hole 192 through which a bolt connecting to the lower casing or the casing receiver is inserted.

In the casing 24, a groove 194 into which a worker's hand can be inserted is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end portion. Groove 194
Has a U-shape that opens to the outer peripheral side. According to the casing 184, the vertically adjacent casings 24 can be connected and separated on the outside thereof.
The connecting operation and the separating operation of the casing 24 are facilitated.

Example of excavation method

In the excavator 20, when the second excavating head 30 that does not contain the excavated object is mounted on the first excavating head 28, the second excavating head 30 causes the stopper 9 to move.
The notch 92 and the engaging piece 118 are positioned so that the notch 92 faces the opening 72. This operation is performed until the engaging pieces 118 of the first digging head 28 engage the stoppers 90 of the second digging head 30 with the first jacks 144 being extended. Is performed by rotating.

While each first jack 144 is extended, each second jack 152 is extended in synchronization with each other.
The rotation source 114 of the drive mechanism 28 is rotated. As a result, the gear 66 is rotated, so that the ring 66 is
The first and second digging heads 28, 30 are rotated about the axis 22 with respect to the body 26.

The propulsive reaction force, that is, the pushing down reaction force resulting from the extension of the second jack 152 is transmitted to the surrounding ground through the frame body 130, the first jack 144 and the pressing body 142. The rotational reaction force caused by the rotation of the first and second excavating heads 28 and 30 is generated by the stopper 134 and the groove 13.
2. Frame body 130, first jack 144 and pressing body 1
It is transmitted to the surrounding ground via 42.

While the first excavating head 28 is rotated, the first excavating head 28 is pressed against the earth and sand below the first excavating head 28 by the dead weight of the excavator 20 and the jack 152, and Cutter assembly 50 excavates the soil beneath the excavation head 28 of FIG.

The excavated material by the cutter assembly 50 enters the chamber 70 through the opening 72 of the first excavating head 28 as the first excavating head 28 rotates, and then the guide 7 moves.
6 forcibly moves toward the notch 92. Thereby, the excavated matter in the chamber 70 is reliably pushed into the cylindrical portion 80 from the opening 72 of the first excavation head 28 through the cutout portion 92 of the second excavation head 30. For this reason, the excavated material by the cutter assembly 50 is
In the excavating head 30 of the vehicle.

When the first excavating head 28 is rotated, the sand around the first excavating head 28 is excavated by the cutter 52. The excavated material by the cutter 52 enters the chamber 70 through the opening 74 of the first excavation head 28 with the rotation of the first excavation head 28. Thereby, the frictional force acting on the outer peripheral surface of the first excavation head 28 during excavation is reduced.

While the first excavating head 28 is rotated, the second excavating head 30 is pressed against the sediment below the second excavating head 30 by the first excavating head 28. The soil under the excavation head 30 is excavated by the cutter assembly 84. The excavated material from the cutter assembly 84 is moved along with the rotation of the second
8 while opening 100 of second drilling head 30.
From the cylindrical part 80.

When the second excavating head 30 is rotated, the sediment around the lower end of the second excavating head 30 is cut by the cutter 86.
Excavated by. The excavated material by the cutter 86 enters the cylindrical portion 80 from the opening 102 of the second excavation head 30 as the second excavation head 30 rotates. Thereby, the frictional force acting on the outer peripheral surface of the second excavation head 30 during excavation is reduced.

As the second excavating head 30 rotates, the cutter 110 excavates the earth and sand at the center of the lower surface of the second excavating head 30. With the rotation of the second drilling head 30, the excavated material of the cutter 110 and the excavated material of the cutter assembly 84 together with the second drilling head 3 are rotated.
0 enters the cylindrical portion 80 through the opening 100. Thus, it is possible to prevent the excavation direction from changing.

When each second jack 152 is extended, the cylinder of the second jack 152 moves downward, so that the main body 26 is pushed down and the receiving means 34 is pulled down. The casing 24 is pulled down together with the receiving means 34 because it is connected to the receiving means 34.

When each second jack 152 is completely extended, each first jack 144 is contracted, so that each pressing body 142 is separated from the surrounding ground. In this state, each second jack 152 is contracted. Thereby, the frame 130 obtains a reaction force to the weight of the main body 24 and the casing 24 and is lowered by its own weight.

Thereafter, with the first jacks 144 extended, the first and second excavating heads 28, 30 are rotated while the second jacks 152 are extended, so that the main body 24 is moved. The process of excavating the ground while pushing down and pulling down the casing 24, and the first
The step of lowering the frame 130 by contracting the second jacks 152 while the jacks 144 are contracted is repeated a predetermined number of times. Thereby, the casing 24 is sequentially arranged in the vertical direction at the excavation mark, that is, the vertical hole.

While repeating such steps, the frame 130
Alternatively, a new casing 24 is detachably connected to the upper end of the uppermost casing 24 that has been laid. At this time, the work of connecting the new casing 24 to the laid casing 24 can be performed on the ground. Casing 24
May be performed by suspending the excavation work, may be performed in parallel with the excavation work, or may be performed in parallel with the excavation work.

When the tubular portion 80 accommodates a predetermined amount of excavated material, the drive mechanism 28 is first stopped to suspend the excavation work. Next, the hook 224 of the crane 210 is hooked on the ring 98 of the second excavating head 30, and the second excavating head 30 is lifted by the crane 210 to the ground side until the height position of the pin 106 coincides with the pin receiver 226.

Next, the jib 214 of the crane 210 is rotated about the horizontal axis as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. As a result, in the second excavation head 30 suspended on the ground, the tubular portion 80 is received between the jib 220, and the pin 106 is received by the pin receiver 226.
Supported.

Then, the second excavating head 30 is moved to the pin 106 by the crane 210 as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG.
While being received by the pin receiver 226, the pin is rotated about 180 degrees around the pin 106. As a result, the second excavating head 30 is inverted, so that the excavated material in the second excavating head 30 is discharged from the second excavating head 30 to an appropriate means such as the dump truck 230 shown in FIG. It

For the work of discharging the excavated material from the second excavating head 30, for example, the hook 224 is attached to the second excavating head 3.
It can be carried out by removing it from the ring 98 of No. 0, hooking the hook 224 on the lower side of the second excavating head 30, winding up the wire 220 in that state, and inverting the second excavating head 30. In this way, the excavated material can be easily and reliably discharged from the second excavation head 30.

When the transfer of the excavated material from the second excavating head 30 is completed, the second excavating head 30 causes the crane 21 to move.
0 is suspended in the vertical hole, and the first drilling head 28
It will be installed on the ground and then excavation work will be resumed.

When the second excavating head 30 is mounted on the first excavating head 28 and the second excavating head 30 is displaced from the first excavating head 28 in the radial direction, the tubular portion 8
0 contacts the upper plate portion 42 of the first drilling head 28,
May not be able to be mounted in the space of the first drilling head 28. To prevent this, the axis of the second digging head 30 is
It is necessary to lower the second excavating head 30 in a state where the second excavating head 30 is aligned with the axis 8. However, it is troublesome to perform such work manually.

However, in the excavator 20, the second head 3
0 is lowered with the lower end of the cylindrical portion 80 abutting the engagement piece 118, so that the second excavation head 30 Even if the second excavation head 30 is slightly displaced with respect to the first excavation head 28, the lower end of the cylindrical portion 80 is guided by the engagement piece 118 toward the center of rotation, that is, the side of the axis 22. The second excavating head 3 can be formed by simply lowering the head 30.
0 can be mounted in the space of the first drilling head 28.

When the second excavating head 30 is mounted in the space of the first excavating head 28, the sand around the tubular portion of the second excavating head 30 is excessively excavated by the cutter 86. The second excavation head 30 can be easily attached to and detached from the hole formed by the second and fourth cutters 42, 46, so that the second excavation head 30 can be removed from the first excavation head 30 for discharging the excavated material. The work of attaching to and detaching from the head 28 becomes easy.

When correcting the forward direction of the excavator 20,
The drive mechanism 28 is driven while at least one jack 152 is extended. Thereby, the forward direction of the excavator 20 with respect to the vertical line is gradually corrected. When at least one jack 152 has been extended by a predetermined amount, the direction of advance of the excavator 20 is corrected in the correct direction with respect to the vertical. Therefore, thereafter, the drive mechanism 28 is driven while all the jacks 152 are extended at the same speed in synchronization.

Example of casing removal

When the vertical hole having a predetermined depth is excavated, the work of removing the excavator 20 and the casing 24 is executed.

This removal work is performed, for example, after removing at least the first and second excavation heads 28, 30 and the drive mechanism 36, and then the first jack 14 of the moving mechanism 34.
4 is extended and the casing is pushed up by contracting the second jack 152 in a state where the reaction force is obtained on the wall surface of the vertical hole, and the plate reaction force is obtained by contracting the first jack 144 on the wall surface of the vertical hole. The second jack 1 with the
The process of raising the moving mechanism 34 by extending 52 is repeated until the uppermost casing projects to the ground side, and each time the uppermost casing is pushed up to the ground side, the casing 24 is moved downward on the ground side. It can be carried out by separating it from the casing.

The reaction force when raising the moving mechanism 34 is
For example, the uppermost casing can be suspended by the crane 210 and the second jack 152 can be extended in that state to obtain a series of casing and crane.

When the vertical hole is used as the basis of a structure, etc.,
Reinforcing bars such as cages, reinforcing bars and steel frames are placed in the vertical holes from which the casing has been removed, and solidifying materials such as mortar and concrete are placed using a tremie pipe. The placement of the reinforcing material in the vertical hole and the driving of the solidifying material may be performed at the time of removing the casing, and in this case, the reaction force when the moving mechanism 34 is raised may be obtained in the solidified material that has been cast.

Instead of removing the casing, it may be buried. Further, as in the above embodiment, when the vertical hole is used as a base, the vertical hole is generally filled with the solidifying material, but when the vertical hole is used for other purposes such as a shaft, the solidifying material is not filled into the vertical hole. However, in this case, the casing may be used as a part of the lining without removing the casing.

According to the excavator 20, since the excavated material by the cutter assembly 50 is received in the space above the lower plate portion 44, the excavation resistance by the cutter assembly 50 is small, and the space above the lower plate portion 44 is small. The received excavation material is easy to move toward the second excavation head 30. However, a head having a plurality of arms extending radially from the inner plate portion 48 may be used as the first head, and the cutter assembly 50 may be attached to one or more arms.

A plurality of rollers 6 having V-shaped grooves 62a
2 may be attached to the cutter head 26, and a ring 66 having an annular engaging portion 66a that engages with the groove 62a may be attached to the main body 26. As means for rotatably supporting the cutter head 26 on the main body 26, other means such as using a plurality of bearings may be used in addition to rollers and rings.

As in the excavator 20, if a pair of adjoining pressing bodies 142 are displaced by a plurality of first jacks arranged in parallel in the vertical direction at intervals, the pair of adjoining pressing bodies are separated. Compared to the case of displacing with one jack, a small jack can be used, and the space inside the excavator can be effectively used. However, a pair of adjacent pressing bodies may be displaced by one first jack. Further, the means for displacing the pressing body 142 in the radial direction of the tubular body is provided by the adjacent pressing bodies 1
It is not limited to a jack that moves the parts 42 in the direction in which they deviate from each other, but may be a means that directly displaces them in the radial direction. The moving mechanism 34 may be a mechanism that obtains a reaction force of descending and rotating in the casing.

Instead of using the jib crane as a crane for ground equipment, other cranes such as portal cranes may be used.

The ground facility shown in FIGS. 23 and 24 includes a portal crane 240. The crane 240 includes a tower 242 installed on the ground and a hoist 244 such as a winch supported by the tower movably in the horizontal direction. The hook 224 is connected to the tip of the wire 246 wound around the hoisting machine 244.

The above-ground equipment also includes a pair of columns 248 installed on the ground, a frame member 250 horizontally connected to the upper ends of the columns, and an L-shaped stopper 152 extending upward from the frame members. Including. The support columns 248 extend in parallel in the vertical direction, and are horizontally spaced so that the bed of the dump truck 230 can be received between the support columns. The frame member 150 is formed in a U-shape by a pair of arms extending horizontally in parallel from the upper end of the support column 248 and a long portion connecting the tips of both arms to each other. The stopper 152 extends upward from the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the long portion.

In FIGS. 23 and 24, the frame member 15
Although not shown because it is located on the back side of 0, the upper ends of the columns 148 are connected by a connecting member extending in parallel with the connecting portion of the frame member 150. A pair of pin receivers 22
6 is provided on the upper side of this connecting member. The pin receiver 226 has a recess opening upward to receive the pin 106, and is spaced in the longitudinal direction of the connecting member. The distance between the pin receivers 226 is the second drilling head 30.
Has a size capable of receiving the pin 106 between them and the pin 106 by both.

Even when the portal crane 240 is used, the second excavation head 30 moved to the ground side has the pin 10
When the pin 6 is received by the pin receiver 226, the pin 6 falls to release the excavated object contained therein. For this reason,
The excavated material can be easily and surely released.

Instead of using the long connecting member 162 of the receiving means 34, as shown in FIG. 25, the third jack 170 is used.
May be used as a link. Third jack 170
The casing receiver 160 includes a plurality of screw members 172.
Are connected to the frame 130 and the piston rod of the second jack 152 by connecting pins 166.

When the third jack 170 is used, the second jack
While contracting the second jack 152, the third jack 1
The extension and contraction of the third jack 170 and the extension and contraction of the second jack 152 are performed so that the third jack 170 contracts and extends while the third jack 170 is extended and the second jack 152 is extended. You may operate in reverse. Further, the third jack 170 may be extended while the first jack 144 is extended, regardless of the expansion and contraction of the second jack 152.

The casing has an inward flange portion at each of the upper end portion and the lower end portion, a plurality of screw holes into which bolts are screwed are formed in the upper flange portion, and a plurality of holes through which the bolts pass are formed on the lower side. It may be formed on the flange portion. In the case of a casing having an inward flange portion at the top and bottom, an external connection is provided near the connection portion of the flange portion, particularly on the lower side near the connection portion above the flange portion so that the connecting operation and the separating operation of the casing are performed outside the casing. It is preferable to form a plurality of holes through which a hand can be inserted to operate the connecting bolt.

Instead of bolts, other means such as bolts and nuts may be used as the connecting tool. Also, when the diameter of the vertical hole to be excavated is small, when the working space is wide, etc., it is not necessary to use an excavator that can be divided into a plurality of members in the circumferential direction, such as the main body and the first excavation head. .

The receiving means for receiving the casing may be formed directly on the upper end of the cylindrical frame 130 as shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 26, the casing receiver 2 of the receiving means
Reference numeral 09 denotes an inward flange formed at the upper end of the frame 130, and the casing 24 is connected to the flange 209 at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction by bolts 168.

In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 26, during excavation,
With the first jack extended and the pressing body 142 pressed against the wall surface of the vertical hole, the second jack is extended to push down the main body 26 and the casing 24.
The second jack with the first jack retracted.
The frame body 130 can be lowered by its own weight and the weight of the casing. Also, at the time of removal, the main body 26 was pulled up by contracting the second jack while the first jack was extended and the pressing body 142 was pressed against the wall surface of the vertical hole, and the first jack was contracted. In the state, the second jack is extended and the frame 13 is extended.
0 can be pulled up and the casing 24 can be pushed up.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a construction apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a vertical hole excavator used in the present invention.

3 is a plan view of the excavator shown in FIG. 2. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of a main body and a first excavating head.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing another part of the coupling portion between the main body and the first drilling head.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a second excavation head.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a part of the second excavating head shown in FIG. 7 in a cutaway manner.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing a part of the second excavation head shown in FIG. 7 in a cutaway manner.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the cutter assembly of the second drilling head.

11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 11-11 of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the pressing body of the moving mechanism is retracted.

FIG. 13 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a state where the pressing body of the moving mechanism is projected.

FIG. 14 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the pressing body of the moving mechanism and the first jack, in a state where the first jack is contracted and the pressing body is retracted.

FIG. 15 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the pressing body of the moving mechanism and the second jack, with the pressing body retracted and the second jack contracted.

FIG. 16 is a right side view of FIG.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rotation stopping means.

18 is a sectional view taken along line 18-18 of FIG.

FIG. 19 is a front view showing an example of ground equipment used in the present invention.

20 is a plan view of the ground facility of FIG.

21 is a right side view of the ground facility of FIG. 19. FIG.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of a casing used in the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a front view showing another embodiment of the ground facility.

FIG. 24 is a left side view of the ground facility of FIG. 23.

FIG. 25 is a view showing another embodiment of the receiving means.

FIG. 26 shows another embodiment of the receiving means for the casing.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 excavator 22 main body axis 24 casing 26 main body 28 first excavation head 30 second excavation head 32 drive mechanism 34 moving mechanism 80 tubular portion 82 bottom 106 pin 210, 240 ground equipment crane 224 hook 226 pin receiver 230 Dump truck

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An excavator for excavating a vertical hole, and a ground facility arranged on the ground side for discharging the excavated material by the excavator to the ground side, the excavator having an axis extending vertically. A first excavation head having a cylindrical main body and a space portion vertically penetrating in a central portion thereof, the first excavation head being rotatably arranged around the axis at a lower end portion of the main body for excavating at least lower earth and sand. First excavation head, and a bucket-shaped first excavation head that is detachably and coaxially arranged in the first excavation head from above using the space to receive excavated material by the first excavation head. A second excavation head for excavating at least lower soil and excavating the excavated material by the second excavation head, and a drive mechanism for rotating the first and second excavation heads. And including the The second excavation head has a pair of pins extending outward in the radial direction at opposite positions on the outer surface, and the ground equipment is moved to the ground side together with a crane that raises and lowers the second excavation head. And a pair of pin receivers that receive the pins of a second drilling head. 2. The crane according to claim 1, wherein the crane is a jib crane having a gate-shaped jib that is angularly rotatable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction, and the pin receiver is provided on the arm. Construction equipment. 3. The crane is a gate type crane, and the pin receiver is provided on a column installed on the ground.
The construction apparatus according to claim 1.