JPH08260226A - Special cross section fiber and spinning nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] A fiber for producing a soft texture with less white blurring, finger marks, and fibrillation when formed into a moquette, less pile fallover, and a soft texture. Providing nozzles. [Structure] The fiber has one hollow part in its cross section and the hollow ratio is 8
% To 20.0%, the fiber having a substantially T-shaped cross section having three convex portions and two concave portions along the outer periphery of the fiber cross section, and a tangent line ab between the convex portions adjacent to each other across the concave portion, a concave portion Intersection point d of the perpendicular line drawn from the apex c of the line segment to the line segment ab
Is a special cross-section fiber having a relationship of 0.20 ≧ cd / ab ≧ 0.08.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applicable not only to clothing applications but also to
The present invention relates to a special cross-section synthetic fiber suitable for moquette, high pile, carpet, etc., and a spinning nozzle used for its production. More specifically, the fiber cross-sectional shape has a hollow portion, and the fiber surface has irregularities of a specific structure to reduce weight, fluffing (lighting), white blurring due to surface reflection, and The present invention relates to a special cross-section synthetic fiber having improved brush resistance and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon and acrylic are artificially lustrous and textured like fibers having a round cross section, and are used for clothing, moquette,
Various cross-section fibers such as flat cross-section fibers and hollow fibers are used for various applications such as high pile. For example, regarding a modified cross-section fiber for piles, see, for example, JP-A-3-
No. 180503 proposes a V-shaped modified cross-section fiber, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-11005 discloses an arc-shaped modified cross-section fiber, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-34315 discloses a Y-shaped modified cross-section fiber. Fibers have been proposed.

[0003]

When a moquette is produced by using a modified cross-section fiber as a pile yarn, even a modified cross-section fiber has no unevenness in the cross section, or even if there is unevenness, the unevenness condition is not appropriate. In some cases, the so-called "white blur" that makes the moquette surface appear whitish depending on how the light beam hits the moquette and the viewing angle, and when the surface of the moquette is rubbed with a finger, so-called "finger marks" are visible. , A phenomenon unfavorable to the appearance of the product occurs.

Further, even in the case of a fiber having irregularities in its cross section, the so-called "fibrillation" phenomenon, in which the concave portions are broken, becomes a problem depending on the irregularity conditions. In order to eliminate "white blur", "finger mark" and "fibrillation", it is possible to use fibers with a large single fiber fineness as pile yarns, but this makes the texture of the moquette rough and hard. It had the drawback that

Further, the cloth using the modified cross-section fibers as pile yarns, which is found in the above-mentioned publications, has a soft texture or has a noticeable hair fall, and a pile cloth having a soft texture and less hair fall can be obtained. The current situation is not.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, to suppress white blurring, finger marks, and fibrillation when a moquette is used, and to provide a soft texture with less hair fall of the pile. In addition, it is to create and provide a fiber and a spinning nozzle for producing the fiber which have an effect of weight reduction by having a hollow portion.

[0007]

That is, the present invention has at least one hollow portion in the fiber cross section and has a hollowness of 8.
A fiber having 0% to 20.0% and having two or more convex portions and two or more concave portions along the outer periphery of the fiber cross section, and a tangent line ab between the adjacent convex portions sandwiching the concave portion, The intersection point d of the tangent line ab and the perpendicular line drawn from the apex c of the recess to the tangent line ab
Satisfies 0.20 ≧ cd / ab ≧ 0.08, and preferably the second moment of area is 5 × 10.
^{-13 to} 20 × 10 ^-13 cm ⁴ special cross-section fiber,
The above-mentioned special cross-section fiber is preferably a T-shaped cross section having one hollow portion in the fiber cross section and three convex portions and two concave portions. Furthermore, the present invention is, both end portions X of the circular slit S ₀ and the slit S ₀ of a substantially C-shaped, approximately 2 minutes linear slit S _1, S ₂ and the slit S ₀ extending radially from the Y to the outside becomes Toka linear slit S ₃ extends from the position Z to the radially outward, the length of the slit S _1, S ₂ l,
When the width of the slit is K and the inner diameter of the arcuate slit S ₀ is R, the spinning nozzle satisfies the following formula. 10 ≦ R / K ≦ 20 0.40 ≦ l / R ≦ 1.00

In the present invention, the weight of the fiber is reduced by having at least one hollow portion in the cross section of the fiber, but when the hollow ratio is less than 8%, the weight is not significantly reduced. . Further, since it is difficult to achieve a high hollow ratio as the number of hollow portions increases, one hollow portion is preferable. When the hollow ratio exceeds 20%, the hollow portion is crushed during the production, particularly when the crimp is applied, and the fibers which are the object of the present invention cannot be obtained because the hollow portion is accelerated.

Further, the fiber of the present invention has two fibers on the outer circumference of the fiber cross section.
One or more convex portions and two or more concave portions,
Specifically, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the uneven structure as shown in FIG. Then, the tangent line a between the adjacent convex portions
b, the vertex c of the concave portion, and the relationship of the intersection point d of the tangent line ab and the perpendicular line drawn from the vertex c to the tangent line ab is 0.20 ≧ cd / ab
It is important to satisfy ≧ 0.08. When cd / ab exceeds 0.20, fibrillation is noticeable, and cd / ab
Is less than 0.08, natural gloss is not obtained and white blurring tends to occur, so that 0.18 ≧ cd / ab ≧ 0.10 is preferable, and 0.16 ≧ cd / ab ≧ 0.13.

Further, the second moment of the fiber cross section is 5.
If it is less than 0 × 10 ^-13 cm ⁴ , the pile may fall over when it is made into a moquette, and conversely 20.0.
When it is more than × 10 ^-13 cm ⁴ , the pile fabric may become coarse and hard. Therefore, the second moment of the fiber cross section is preferably in the range of 11 × 10 ⁻¹³ cm ^{4 to} 17 × 10 ⁻¹³ cm ⁴ . The second moment of area in the present invention is a numerical value of the moment in the weakest direction among the moments about the axes in each direction set in the cross section, and this moment cannot be calculated exactly for an actual fiber cross section. Since it is difficult, in the present invention, for convenience, regarding the target fiber cross-sectional shape, "Handbook of Standard Mechanical Design Charts"
(Oguri Fujio, published by Kyoritsu Shuppan Co., Ltd.) A similar shape was selected from the cross-sectional shapes displayed, and the cross-sectional shape was approximately obtained.

The polymer constituting the fiber of the present invention may be a thermoplastic polymer having a fiber-forming ability. For example, polyester, polyamide, polyolefin and the like can be used. Among them, polyethylene terephthalate (PE) can be used.
Polyesters such as T) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) are preferred. In particular, for these polyesters, carboxylic acid components such as isophthalic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and adipic acid as the third component, alcohol components such as diethylene glycol, methoxypolyethylene glycol and pentaerythritol, and other compounds commonly used as copolymerization components It may be modified by. It may also contain modifiers such as inorganic fine particles, fragrances, antibacterial agents, flame retardants, deodorants, pigments, matting agents, heat stabilizers, or antistatic agents.

When the fiber of the present invention contains a matting agent, it can be expected to have an effect unthinkable with conventional fibers. For example,
Titanium dioxide that has been conventionally used is 0.05 to 0.
When a polyester fiber containing 8% by weight (round cross section) is applied to clothing, a thin tint causes a defect that it can be seen up to the base, but in the case of the fiber of the present invention, an uneven random surface is formed. Due to the light scattering effect
Not only does the phenomenon of disappearing disappear, but a gentle gloss appears. In addition, the amount of titanium dioxide is increased to 1% by weight or more to make it a so-called full dull brand. When this is used for high pile, moquette, etc., the fiber has an opaque effect of the fiber and also has a very mellow texture according to the cross-sectional shape. Is what you can get.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the spinneret for producing the fiber of the present invention has a substantially C-shaped arcuate slit S ₀ and both ends X and Y of the slit S ₀ radially outward. linear slit S _1, a spinning nozzle formed of a linear slit S ₃ Metropolitan that S ₂ a slit S ₀ from about 2 minutes to position Z extending radially outwardly, the slits S ₁ extending,
When the length of S ₂ is 1, the width of the slit is K, and the inner diameter of the arcuate slit S ₀ is R, it is necessary to satisfy the following equations (1) and (2). (1) 10 ≦ R / K ≦ 20 (2) 0.40 ≦ l / R ≦ 1.00

When R / K is less than 10, the hollowness of the fiber becomes low, and the effect of weight reduction cannot be recognized. on the other hand,
When R / K exceeds 20, a phenomenon occurs in which the hollow portion is crushed during fiber production, particularly when crimping is applied. Also, l
When / R is less than 0.40, the fiber cross section does not become hollow,
A so-called "puncture" phenomenon occurs, and when l / R is greater than 1.00, the hollow portion becomes smaller with respect to the fiber, which does not lead to significant weight reduction. Therefore, the above (1), (2)
Unless the condition of the formula is satisfied, the specified special cross-section fiber of the present invention cannot be obtained.

The special cross-section fiber of the present invention can be produced by spinning the melt of the thermoplastic polymer by a known method using the above spinning nozzle and appropriately stretching, crimping, heat treating and the like. However, it is preferable to cool by blowing a cooling air of 0.3 to 2.0 m / sec in a zone of 3 to 50 cm immediately below the mouthpiece, and take it out at a draft of 50 or more.

The cooling air is preferably blown from the direction in which the cross section of the nozzle hole of the spinneret is opened. When cooled under conditions less than the above condition range, it is difficult to obtain the target fiber cross-sectional shape, and when cooled under more severe conditions, the spinning tone is lowered, which may cause problems in operability. .

If the spinning draft is less than 50, the spinnability may be deteriorated or the fiber cross section may become dango-like.
It is preferably 150 or more. In addition, the spinning take-off speed is generally 600 to 1500 m / min, which is generally used, but high-speed spinning may be carried out beyond this speed.

[0018]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these.
In the present invention, the hollowness of the fiber was determined as follows.

Hollow ratio: arbitrary 2 of fibers obtained by spinning
Zero pieces are taken, cut perpendicularly to the length direction of the fiber, and a cross-section thereof is taken as a micrograph at a magnification of 400 times. The photograph is stretched twice and developed, and the resulting photograph is cut into a hollow portion and a fiber portion. The weight of the portion corresponding to the hollow portion and the portion corresponding to the fiber portion, which are cut out from the photograph, are measured, and the hollow ratio is calculated by the following formula. Hollow ratio (%) = {C / (C + D)} × 100 (In the formula, C = the weight of the portion corresponding to the hollow portion, D = the weight of the portion corresponding to the fiber portion)

Example 1 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.60 dl / g was used as a nozzle hole (R
= 1.00 mm, K = 0.08 mm, l = 0.48 m
m /), R / K = 12.5 and 1 / R = 0.48 were used to extrude and withdraw from a spinneret having 408 holes at a temperature of 285 ° C. and a discharge rate of 0.76 g / min per hole. As the spinning conditions, a cooling wind of 24 ° C. was blown at 0.75 m / s from around the spun yarn at a position 4 cm to 24 cm immediately below the spinneret, and a spinning draft was 218 and a take-up speed was 850 m / min. The spun raw yarn was bundled into a tow, and the tow was drawn in a water bath and cut into a staple fiber having a single yarn fineness of 2.53 denier according to a conventional method. The cross-sectional shape of this fiber is a substantially T-shaped cross section having two convex portions and two concave portions as shown in FIG. 1, and the second moment of area is 1
3.2 × 10 ⁻¹³ cm ⁴ , hollow rate 16.8%, cd / a
b was 0.13.

The moquette obtained using this fiber has a very soft texture without problems such as white blur, finger marks, and hair fall, and has a hollow ratio of 16.8%, which is also effective for weight reduction. there were.

Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 Polyethylene terephthalate melts having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.64 dl / g were modified to have R / K and 1 / R as shown in Table 1. It was extruded and taken out from a spinneret having 408 nozzle holes at 275 ° C. at a discharge rate of 0.76 g / min per hole. The spinning condition is 4 cm to 2 just below the spinneret.
At 4 cm, a cooling air of 24 ° C. was blown from around the spun yarn at 0.40 m / sec, a spinning draft was 281 and a take-up speed was 750 m / min. The spun raw yarn was bundled into a tow, and the tow was drawn in a water bath according to a conventional method and cut to obtain a staple fiber having a single yarn fineness of 3.09 denier. The cross-sectional shape of these fibers was a substantially T-shaped cross section having two convex portions and two concave portions as shown in FIG. The geometrical moment of inertia, hollowness and cd / ab of these fibers are shown in Table 1.

[0023]

[Table 1]

When a moquette was produced using these fibers, the one using the fibers of the present invention had a very soft texture without problems such as white blur, finger marks, and hair fall, and was also excellent in weight reduction. The results were obtained.

Comparative Example 3 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.63 dl / g is shown in FIG. 3, and the temperature is 285 ° C. from a spinneret having 204 T-shaped cross section nozzle holes.
It was extruded and taken out at a discharge rate of 1.40 g / min per hole.
As the spinning conditions, a cooling air of 24 ° C. was blown at 0.40 m / sec from around the spun yarn at a position 4 cm to 24 cm directly under the spinneret, a spinning draft was 55.6, and a take-up speed was 6
It was collected at 00 m / min. The spun raw yarn was bundled into a tow, and the tow was drawn in a water bath according to a conventional method and cut to obtain a staple fiber having a single yarn fineness of 6.10 denier. The cross section of this fiber has a shape as shown in Fig. 4, and the second moment of the fiber cross section is 31.4 × 10 ^-13 cm.
^{Was 4} . The moquette using this fiber was good in terms of finger marks and hair fall, but was not satisfactory in terms of weight reduction and white blur, and had a hard texture.

Comparative Example 4 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.62 dl / g and a titanium dioxide content of 2.0% by weight has a dogbone-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. From a spinneret with 659 nozzle holes of 0.20 mm, slit width D = 0.10 mm, center distance between circular holes L = 0.36 mm, temperature 285 ° C., discharge rate 0.75 g / min per hole. Extruded and collected. The spinning condition is 25 cm from around the spun yarn at 4 cm to 24 cm just below the spinneret.
A cooling air at 0 ° C. was blown at a rate of 0.55 m / sec, a spinning draft was 161 and a take-up speed was 725 m / min.
The spun raw yarn was bundled into a tow, and the tow was drawn in a water bath and cut into a staple fiber having a single yarn fineness of 2.58 denier according to a conventional method. The cross section of this fiber had a shape as shown in FIG. 6, and the second moment of the fiber cross section was 3.0 × 10 ⁻¹³ cm ⁴ . The moquette using this fiber was good for white blur, but was made lighter,
I wasn't satisfied with the finger marks and hair fall.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a cross-sectional shape of a special cross-section fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the shapes of spinning nozzle holes for producing the special cross-section fiber of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a shape of a spinning nozzle hole for producing a special cross-section fiber other than the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a cross-sectional shape of a special cross-section fiber other than the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a shape of a spinning nozzle hole for producing a fiber having a special cross section other than the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a special cross-section fiber other than the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

a: contact point between fiber cross-section outer periphery and tangent line b: contact point between fiber cross-section outer periphery and tangent line c: apex of concave portion sandwiched between adjacent convex portions d: line segment ab from apex of concave portion sandwiched between adjacent convex portions intersection of the perpendicular and the line segment ab drawn down to S _0: circular slit X: end of the slit S ₀ Y: end of the slit S ₀ Z: position S ₁ to about 2 minutes slits S _0: linear slit S _2: the linear slit S _3: straight slit l: length of the slit S _1, S ₂ K: width of the slit S _1, S ₂ R: inner diameter of the circular slit S ₀

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A fiber cross section having at least one hollow portion, a hollow ratio of 8% to 20.0%, and two or more convex portions and two or more convex portions along the outer periphery of the fiber cross section. A fiber having a concave portion, and a tangent line a between adjacent convex portions sandwiching the concave portion.
b, a perpendicular line and a tangent line a from the apex c of the recess to the tangent line ab
A special cross-section fiber characterized in that the relationship of the intersection point d with b satisfies the following: 0.20 ≧ cd / ab ≧ 0.08. 2. The special cross-section fiber according to claim 1, which is a substantially T-shaped cross section having one hollow portion in the fiber cross section and having three convex portions and two concave portions. 3. A position approximately 2 minutes arcuate slits S ₀ and both end portions X, the linear slit S _1, S ₂ and the slit S ₀ extending radially from Y on the outer side of the slit S ₀ of a substantially C-shaped And a linear slit S ₃ extending radially from Z, the lengths of the slits S ₁ and S ₂ are 1, the width of the slits is K, and the inner diameter of the arcuate slit S ₀ is R,
A spinning nozzle satisfying the following formula. 10 ≦ R / K ≦ 20 0.40 ≦ l / R ≦ 1.00