JPH0653974B2 - Special cross-section fiber and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a synthetic fiber having a special cross-section suitable for clothing, a mocket, a high pile, a carbet, etc., and a method for producing the same, and more specifically, it has a random unevenness. The present invention relates to a special cross-section synthetic fiber having excellent glossiness formed by the surface, soft and smooth texture and appearance like animal hair, and elasticity, and a method for producing the same.

<Prior Art> Synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic have been used in various fields of application such as clothing, mockets, high piles, carpets, etc., depending on the field of application. For example, for clothing, mainly fibers having a round cross-section, mockets, high-pile, etc. have round cross-section fibers as well as flat modified cross-section fibers as described below, and carpets have a round cross-section,
Deformed cross-section fibers are used. However, recently
Regardless of the field of application, artificial cross-section fibers such as round cross-section fibers have been removed and irregular cross-section fibers, especially polygon cross-section fibers, have come to be widely used. Polygonal cross-section fiber is obtained by using a die having a special shape, for example, the die hole shape is formed with a slit radially extending from the center point of the pore,
Examples thereof are shown in JP-B-41-17694 and US Pat. No. 3,303,530. Specifically, the fourth to sixth of the drawings
The spinneret shown in (a) of the figure is used to obtain fibers having a special cross section having a cross section as shown in (b) of FIGS. 4 to 6 of the drawings.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, with these special cross-section fibers, similar to the round cross-section fibers, there is little change in the undulations of the irregularities on the surface, and a fiber product with a gentle luster or a texture that is animal hair is used. Hard to get.

That is, it has been difficult to obtain a garment having a soft luster, a soft and smooth texture like wool, and an appearance from synthetic fibers that have been conventionally used. Further, it has been difficult to obtain a fiber product which has a gentle luster even in a fiber oriented to a mocket, a high pile and a carbet and has a texture like animal hair, an appearance and elasticity.

The objects of the present invention have not been achieved with conventional synthetic fibers.
An object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic fiber having excellent glossiness formed by an uneven random surface, a soft and smooth texture and appearance similar to animal hair, and elasticity, and a method for producing the same.

<Means for Solving Problems> The first aspect of the present invention is to provide four convex portions having two symmetry axes whose fiber cross sections are orthogonal to each other, the outer periphery of which is on the symmetry axis, and each of the symmetry axes. A fiber formed by four convex portions and eight concave portions connecting these eight convex portions, which are located at a position narrowed from the center of gravity of the cross section of the fiber to the two axes of symmetry. When the distance to the convex portion is l ₁ and the distances from the center of gravity to the convex portions on the two axes of symmetry are l ₂ and l ₃ , respectively, l ₁ , l ₂ and l ₃ are _{1: l 2: l 3 =} 1: 1~1.5: 1.5~10 in profile cross section fiber characterized by satisfying the ..........

A second aspect of the present invention is a method for producing the above special cross-section fiber with high productivity. That is, the special cross-section fiber has a pore cross-sectional area of 0.05 mm ² or more, and the pore shape is a * shape composed of four slits whose intersections are the midpoints of the center lines of the slits of width n. Two long and short slits are orthogonal to each other, and the angles formed by one slit and two slits of the same length are 40 to 50 °, respectively, and the lengths of the two slits of the same length are equal to each other. and 2m _1, the length of the short slit among orthogonal slit and 2m _2, when the length of the long slit among the orthogonal slit was _{2m 3, m 1, m 2} , m 3 and n, m ₁ : m ₂ : m ₃ = 1: 1 to 2: 1.5 to 12 ………… m ₁ ≦ m ₂ <m ₃ ………… n / m ₁ ≦ 0.5 ……. The melt of the thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer was extruded by using a.
It can be obtained by blowing a cooling air of 3 to 2.0 m / sec onto the spun yarn to cool it, and taking it off at a draft of 50 or more.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fiber of the present invention has two axes of symmetry whose cross sections are orthogonal to each other, and the outer periphery of which is formed by eight convex portions and eight concave portions, As shown in FIG. 3, the distance l ₁ from the center of gravity of the fiber cross section to the convex portion,
The ratio of l ₂ and l ₃ is such that l ₁ : l ₂ : l ₃ = 1: 1 to 1.5: 1.5 to 10: preferably l ₁ : l ₂ : l ₃ = 1: 1. 2 to 1.4: 3 to 8 ... If it deviates from this range, it will be difficult to form fibers with a gentle luster and animal hair-like texture.
For example, if the ratio of the distances satisfies l ₁ : l ₂ : l ₃ = 1: 1-a: 1 to 1.5 (where a ≧ 0) ... The cross-sectional shape is shown in Fig. 4.
As shown in (b), the unevenness of the irregularities on the fiber surface is almost eliminated, which is not preferable in terms of glossiness and texture. Further, when the ratio of l ₃ is larger than 10 as in the case of l ₁ : l ₂ : l ₃ = 1: 1 to 1.5: 10 + a ′ (where a ′> 0) ... The flatness ratio becomes large, it becomes too soft, the texture becomes unfavorable, and the mechanical strength of the fiber itself decreases, and fiber damage easily occurs at the time of crimping or in the spinning process at the part having the longest convex portion. , Not preferable.

Examples of the polymer constituting the synthetic fiber of the present invention include melt-spinnable thermoplastic linear polymers such as polyester, nylon and polypropylene. Among them, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) are preferable. These polymers may be copolymerized with a third component, if necessary. In addition, inorganic fine particles, fragrances, deodorants, flame retardants, etc.
Further, different kinds of polymers may be mixed or mixed. When the fiber of the present invention contains a matting agent, it can be expected to have an effect that cannot be considered with conventional fibers.

For example, it has been used conventionally. Titanium dioxide to 0.
When the polyester fiber (round cross section) containing 05 to 0.8% by weight is applied to clothing, if the tint is reduced,
Although there is a drawback that it can be seen up to the base, in the case of the special cross-section fiber of the present invention, not only the phenomenon of slipping disappears due to the light scattering effect formed by the uneven random surface, but also a very gentle gloss is obtained. It will come out. Also, increase the amount of titanium dioxide to 1% by weight or more,
When a so-called full dull brand is used and this is used for high piles, moquettes, etc., it is possible to obtain fibers having an appearance and texture very similar to animal hair in addition to the opaque effect of the fibers.

The spinning method of the present invention is a method in which a thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer melt is extruded using a spinneret having a cross-sectional shape described below, and cooling air is blown to the spun yarn in the vicinity immediately below the spinneret to perform melt spinning. is there. It is preferable that the cooling air is blown at a speed of 0.3 to 2.0 m / sec immediately below the spinneret at a speed of 0.3 to 2.0 m / sec and is taken at a spinning draft (draft rate) of 50 or more.

The die used in the present invention is as shown in FIG. 1, and has four cross-sectional areas of 0.05 mm ² or more, and four slits having a hole shape with a width n as the intersection of the center points of the centers of the slits. 2 * 2 slits of the same length that intersect each other with one of the two slits that are not aligned
The angle with each slit is 40-50 degrees,
If the length of two slits of the same length is 2 m ₁ , the length of the short slit among the orthogonal slits is 2 m _2, and the length of the long slit among the orthogonal slits is 2 m ₃ , then m ₁ , m ₂ , m ₃ and n are m ₁ : m ₂ : m ₃ = 1: 1 to 2: 1.5 to 12 ………… m ₁ ≦ m ₂ <m ₃ ………… n / m ₁ ≦ 0.5 ......... is satisfied.

The cross-sectional area of the spinneret is preferably 0.05 mm ² or more, more preferably 0.08 mm ² or more, particularly preferably 0.12 m.
m ² or more. If this cross-sectional area is smaller than 0.05 mm ² , the influence of the ballasting effect during spinning becomes large, and it is difficult to obtain the desired fiber cross-sectional shape.

The cross-sectional shape of the pores of the spinneret is a shape consisting of 4 slits, where the midpoint of the center line of the slit is the only intersection. In this shape, two long and short slits (in some cases, a long slit is sometimes referred to as M _l and a short slit is referred to as M _s ) are orthogonal to each other, and two slits of the same length that are respectively in one of the slits It is necessary that the angles formed by and are each 40 to 50 °. That is, referring to FIG. 1, the angle (degree) between the slit M _l and the slit M _s is α _1, and the angle between the slit M _l (or M _s ) and the slit M _o is α. ₂ and slit M on the opposite side of M _o
When the angle between _l and adjacent slits M _'o (degrees) and alpha _3, it is necessary that alpha ₁ = 90 ° ...... 40 ° ≦ α ₂ = α ₃ <50 ° .......... Also, the length of each slit m ₁ ,
The ratio of m ₂ and m ₃ and the width n of the slit is 2m ₁ : 2m ₂ : 2m ₃ = m ₁ : m ₂ : m ₃ = 1: 1 to 2: 1.5 to 12 ... m ₁ ≤ It is necessary to satisfy m ₂ <m ₃ ………… n / m ₁ ≦ 0.5 ……. If it deviates from these rules, it is difficult to obtain a fiber having a desired cross-sectional shape. Especially α ₂
If α ₃ and α ₃ deviate from the above-mentioned specifications, it is difficult to make a difference between the concave and convex portions on the cross section of the obtained fiber, and it is not possible to obtain satisfactory glossiness, texture and the like. A more preferable ratio among the ratios of m ₁ , m ₂ and m ₃ is 1: 1.1 to 1.8: 1.8 to 10.
And particularly preferably 1: 1.2 to 1.4: 2 to 8. The ratio of n / m ₁ is, more desirably _{0.2 ≦ n / m 1 ≦ 0.4} ...... '. When the ratio exceeds 0.5, the cross-sectional shape of the obtained fiber is rounded as a whole, and the random effect of surface irregularities is small, and the fiber aimed at by the present invention cannot be obtained. When performing the spinning according to the method of the present invention, cooling air may be blown onto the spun yarn at a speed of 0.3 to 2.0 m / sec immediately below the spinneret to cool the spun yarn. As the cooling air medium, air at 15 to 35 ° C. is economically preferable.

The direction of the cooling air, the longest slit M _l of the spinneret sectional shape as shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable that the downwind. When cooling under conditions less than the condition range of the present invention,
It is difficult to obtain the desired fiber cross-sectional shape, and when cooling is performed under more severe conditions than the present invention, the spinning tone deteriorates, causing problems for operators.

The spinning draft in the spinning conditions of the present invention is 50 or more,
It should preferably be 150 or more. The spinning take-up speed is 600 to 1 at a speed generally used in industry.
500m / min is suitable, but more than this, eg 30
You may collect at a high speed of 00 m / min or more.

<Example> Next, the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples, but the present inventor is not limited thereto. In addition, each measured value in an Example is measured by the following method.

Glossiness: A cotton-like sample is well opened, aligned and fixed on a white plate, and the incident light is reflected at angles of 22.5 °, 45 ° and 50 ° using a photoelectric spectrophotometer T-50 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The rate was measured. Furthermore, the total value of these reflectances was also obtained.

Intrinsic viscosity [η]: Dissolved in an equal weight mixed solvent of phenol and tetrachloroethane, and measured at 30 ° C.

Example 1 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.63 dl / g and a titanium dioxide content of 0.07% by weight has a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. ₁ of α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ , m. ₁ ,
m ₂ , m ₃ and n satisfy α ₁ = 90 ° α ₂ = α ₃ = 45 ° m ₁ :: m ₂ : m ₃ 1: 1.25: 3 n / m ₁ = 0.4, Extruded from a spinneret having 1200 pores having a cross-sectional area of 0.20 mm ² , and a cooling air of 25 ° C. was blown from around the spun yarn at a distance of 4 cm to 24 cm immediately below the spinner at 0.8 m /
Spray in seconds, draft 380, take-off speed 1000m
It was collected in / min. Then, they were bundled into a tow, stretched in a water bath according to a conventional method, mechanically crimped, heat-treated, and cut into a staple fiber having a fineness of 1.5 denier.

The obtained staple fiber has a cross-section having a shape as shown in FIG. 2, and the characteristic of the shape is represented by the drawing shown in FIG. ₃ , the ratio of 1 ₁ : l ₂ : l ₃ is 1: 1. 1 to 1.2:
It was 2.4 to 2.6. This staple fiber has a gloss of 22.5 ° of 92%, 45 ° of 56%, and 5%.
It was 42% at 0 °, which was 190% in total, and showed mild gloss and excellent texture not found in conventional fibers.

Comparative Example 1 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.63 dl / g and a titanium dioxide content of 0.07% by weight was used in a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG.
A staple fiber having a fineness of 1.5 denier was obtained by extruding from a die having 1,200 mm ² pores, spinning, drawing, crimping, heat treating and cutting under the same conditions as in Example 1.

The cross section of the staple fiber obtained is shown in Fig. 4 (b).
The shape is as shown in, and the glossiness is 79% at 22.5 °.
50% at 45 °, 35% at 50 °, total 164%
And, it was not one with a gentle luster.
Also, the texture was very different from the intended one.

Comparative Example 2 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.63 dl / g and a titanium dioxide content of 0.07% by weight has a cross sectional shape as shown in FIG.
² pore out can push the die having 1200 spinning under the same conditions as in Example 1, stretching, crimping, fineness and heat-treated and cut to obtain staple off Ivar of 1.5 denier.

The resulting staple fiber has a cross section in Fig. 5 (b).
The shape is as shown in, and the glossiness is 76% at 22.5 °,
47% at 45 °, 34% at 50 °, total 159%
And, it is not the one that shows a gentle luster. Also, the texture was far from animal hair.

Comparative Example 3 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.63 dl / g and a titanium dioxide content of 0.07% by weight was extruded from the same die as in Example 1 and spun at 4 cm to 24 cm just below the die. A cooling air of 25 ° C. was blown from around the yarn at 0.2 m / sec, drawn at a draft 380 and a take-up speed of 1000 m / min, and drawn, crimped, heat-treated and cut in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a fineness. Obtained a staple fiber of 1.5 denier.

The obtained staple fibers had a very round cross section and did not show a gentle luster.

Example 2 A polyethylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.62 dl / g and a titanium dioxide content of 1.5% by weight was used in a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. ₁ , α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ , m ₁ ,
m ₂ , m ₃ and n satisfy α ₁ = 90 ° α ₂ = α ₃ = 45 ° m ₁ :: m ₂ :: m ₃ : 1: 1.3: 2.5 n / m ₂ = 0.4 Then, extrude from a spinneret having 1200 pores with a cross-sectional area of 0.18 mm ² , and place a cooling air of 25 ° C at 0.75 m from around the spun yarn at a position 4 cm to 24 cm directly below the spinneret.
/ Sec, draft 425, take-up speed 1200
It was collected at m / min. Then, they were bundled into a tow, and water-soluble stretched, mechanically crimped and heat-treated and cut into a staple fiber having a fineness of 2 denier according to a conventional method.

The resulting staple off Ivor in cross section is such shape shown in FIG. 2, when representing a feature of the shape Te l _1, l _2, and l ₃ Niyotsu, l _1: l _2: the ratio of l ₃ is 1: 1.15-1.
25: 1.9 to 2.2. In addition, it had a soft and smooth texture like animal hair and an excellent appearance.

Example 3 A polybutylene terephthalate melt having an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.87 dl / g and having a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG.
α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ , m ₁ , m ₂ , m ₃ and n are α ₁ = 90 ° α ₂ = α ₃ = 45 ° m ₁ : m ₂ : m ₃ 1: 1.3: 6 0.5 n / m ₁ = 0.5, extruded from a spinneret having 250 pores with a cross-sectional area of 1.8 mm ² , and perpendicular to the running direction of the spun yarn at a position 3 cm to 20 cm directly below the spinneret. As described above, cooling air of 25 ° C. was blown from one direction at a rate of 1.5 m / sec for rapid cooling, and the draft was taken at 1170 and the take-up speed was 1100 m / min.
Then, they were bundled into a tow, stretched in a water bath according to a conventional method, mechanically crimped, heat-treated, and cut to obtain a staple fiber having a fineness of 8 denier.

The characteristic features of the shape of this staple fiber can be represented by the diagram shown in FIG. 3, where l ₁ : l ₂ : l ₃ = 1: 1.15 to 1.
It was 25: 5.7-6.0. As a result of using this staple fiber for a carpet, it was possible to obtain an animal hair-like appearance and touch, and also a very excellent gloss.

Comparative Example 4 When the same spinneret as in Example 3 was used and the wind speed was set to 2.1 m / sec when the spinning was carried out under the same spinning conditions, fused yarn and single yarn breakage occurred, and the draft was changed. It was not possible to carry out satisfactory spinning.

<Effects of the Invention> The special cross-section fiber of the present invention has a soft and smooth texture and appearance like a soft gloss animal hair,
It can be obtained with high productivity by the production method of the present invention.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of spinneret pores used in the production method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the synthetic fiber of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a fiber of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of an example. Each of (a) in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional spinneret pore, and each (b) is a cross-sectional view of a fiber obtained using the spinneret. Is.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fiber cross section having two axes of symmetry orthogonal to each other,
A fiber whose outer periphery is formed by four convex portions located on the axis of symmetry, four convex portions located between the respective axes of symmetry, and eight concave portions connecting these eight convex portions. , L ₁ is the distance from the center of gravity of the fiber cross section to the convex portion located between the two symmetry axes, and the distance from the center of gravity to each convex portion on the two symmetry axes is When l ₂ and l ₃ are used, l ₁ , l ₂ and l ₃ satisfy l ₁ : l ₂ : l ₃ = 1: 1 to 1.5: 1.5-10 ... Special cross-section fiber. 2. A cross-sectional area of 0.05 mm ² or more, and a pore shape is a * shape consisting of 4 slits whose intersection is at the midpoint of the center line of a slit having a width of n. The slits are perpendicular to each other, and the angles formed by one slit and two slits of the same length are 40 to 50 °, respectively, and the length of the two slits of the same length is 2 m _1. , The length of the short slit of the orthogonal slits is 2m _2, and the length of the long slit of the orthogonal slits is 2m 2.
₃ and the _{time, m 1, m 2, m} 3 and n _{is, m 1: m 2: m} 3 = 1: 1~2: 1.5~12 ......... m 1 ≦ m 2 <m 3 ...... … N / m ₁ ≤ 0.5 ……… The melt of the thermoplastic synthetic linear polymer is extruded using a spinneret and 0.3-
A method for producing a fiber having a special cross section, which comprises cooling the spun yarn with a cooling air of 2.0 m / sec, and cooling it with a draft of 50 or more.