JPH08256613A - Sheet for growing plant and structure of plant-growing bed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide plant-growing sheet and plant-growing bed which can exchange the culture medium, when the crop plant to be grown is changed, easily fumigate the compost, and reduces the infection of the crop plant with pathogenic microorganisms from outside. CONSTITUTION: This sheet is in the form of a nonwoven fabric band made of a thermoplastic resin and comprises the center part 101 which a continuous strip of the culture medium for growing the crop plant is placed on and a couple of wrapping parts 102 standing up from both side of the center part 101 and can wrap the culture soil with the soil-wrapping part having the height enough to wrap the culture medium where the unit weight of the fabric sheet is 20-100g/m<2> , the reflectance of the visible rays is >=60% and the air permeability is 10-200sec/100cc. Further, the nonwoven fabric sheet 1 is perforated and has a plurality of through-holes 104 and these through-holes are covered with a sheet 2 which pass through water but not the plant root and the plant-growing bed in which the culture soil or compost for plant growing is packed in this sheet.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the structure of a plant growing sheet and a plant growing floor, and more specifically, cut flowers such as carnations, lisianthus, stocks, gypsophila, goldfish and the like,
The present invention relates to a plant growing sheet and a structure of a plant growing floor useful for growing agricultural crops such as tomatoes, cucumbers, green beans, bell peppers, pea pods, honey leaves, chilli and celery.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, as a method for cultivating a plant, a method of making ridges in a greenhouse, a tunnel, or a house, and sowing, sprouting and growing the ridges, making ridges in a field, sowing, and cultivating the surface of the ridges. Cover with a wide mulching material and germinate,
Cut the mulching material part of the seedling into a circle or a cross and grow the sprouted seedling from here (Actual fair 6-94).
No. 1 publication), or a method of sowing and planting in holes of a perforated mulching material, a method of filling culture soil in a planter, sowing it, sprouting it, or implanting and growing plant seedlings, etc. Has been.

However, in the above-mentioned greenhouses, tunnels, greenhouse cultivation and multi-cultivation, highly utilized facilities,
For example, it is necessary to change the type of crop to be grown depending on the time, but it is required to adjust the pH of the ridge soil, fertilizer, insecticide, etc. according to the crop, and depending on the kind of crop, the soil immediately before It is necessary to change the conditions of, and for that reason, it is necessary to provide a rest period and re-cultivate the ridges.

The above-mentioned method of using a planter container is convenient to carry and can be replaced depending on the crop. However, a commercially available plastic white planter has a high visible light transmittance, so that root growth is caused. Is suppressed, and only small dwarf crops such as Chinese cabbage, spinach, and pansies can be grown, and the yield is small.

Further, in order to prevent diseases of crops, fumigation of the soil is required. However, in conventional open field cultivation and greenhouse cultivation, it is necessary to treat the soil of the entire slaughterhouse, which is troublesome and the amount of the drug used is large. There was a problem of increasing.

[0006]

Therefore, according to the present invention, the medium can be switched according to the switching of the crop to be grown,
It is another object of the present invention to provide a structure for a plant growing sheet and a plant growing bed which facilitates fumigation of the culture soil and is less susceptible to infection by pathogenic bacteria from the outside.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems A plant growing sheet of the present invention which achieves the above object is a strip made of a thermoplastic resin, and a central placing portion for placing a long medium for growing plants and its Having a wrapping portion having a width capable of wrapping the medium on both sides, the basis weight is 20 to 100 g / m ² , the reflectance of visible light is 60% or more, and the air permeability is 10 to 200 seconds / 100c.
and a water-permeable root-proof sheet having a plurality of through holes in the longitudinal direction of the central mounting portion, which allows water to pass through but not plant roots. It is characterized by being covered with.

Further, the structure of the plant growing floor of the present invention which achieves the above object is formed by wrapping the wrapping portions on both sides of the central placing portion of the above nonwoven fabric sheet and joining the both side edges of the wrapping portion. A long medium for growing plants is formed inside the tubular body, and the joint portion of the tubular body is arranged above the medium, and a planting gap for the plant is formed at the joint portion. ,
A water-permeable root-proof sheet that allows water to pass through but does not pass through plant roots is fixed to the lower surface of the tubular body while covering the through-hole portion provided in the central placement portion of the nonwoven fabric sheet. And

The preferred embodiments of the structure of the plant growing sheet and the plant growing floor of the present invention are as follows.

(1) The water-permeable root-controlling sheet is formed by using a water-permeable woven fabric, non-woven fabric or felt, and particularly when the water-permeable woven fabric is used, the basis weight is 40 to 80 g /
m ² , the fineness of each of the warp and the weft is 50 to 100 denier, and the number of the warp or the weft per inch is 30 to each.
(2) The non-woven fabric sheet has a light-absorbing black back surface and a light-reflecting white or silver surface,
The side on which the plant growth medium is placed is the back side.

The present invention will be described in detail below.

The nonwoven fabric sheet used for the plant growing sheet of the present invention has a basis weight of 20 to 100 g / m ² , a visible light reflectance of 60% or more, and an air permeability of 10 to 200 seconds / 100 c.
has the property of being c and also allows water vapor to pass through,
It has a characteristic that liquids such as water and liquid fertilizer do not pass through.

The basis weight of 20 to 100 g / m ² means that
If it is less than 20 g / m ² , the strength as a plant-growing sheet, especially the strength when the medium is filled with a medium and used as a tubular body is insufficient, and the reflectance is lowered.
This is because if it exceeds / m ² , air permeability cannot be imparted and the cost increases. Preferred basis weight is 30 to 60 g / m
It is in the range of ² .

The reflectance of visible light (wavelength 400 to 800 nm) is set to 60% or more because if it is less than 60%, it becomes difficult to keep the soil temperature of the medium at 30 ° C. or lower. The preferred reflectance is 75 to 100%. Generally, the optimum growth temperature of the roots of agricultural crops is between 20 and 25 ° C., and it is said that a physiological disorder is caused when the temperature is raised to 30 ° C. or higher.

Further, the air permeability (permeability according to the Gurley method of JIS P8117) is set to 10 to 200 seconds / 100 cc. If it is less than 10 seconds / 100 cc, the strength of the nonwoven fabric sheet itself is insufficient and the high reflectance is high. This is because it becomes difficult to maintain the temperature, liquids such as liquid fertilizer and water flow out from the tubular body, and when it exceeds 200 seconds / 100 cc, the heat radiation effect due to water evaporation is reduced. Preferred breathability is 15 to 100 seconds / 100 cc, more preferably 2
It is 0 to 75 seconds / 100 cc.

Examples of the thermoplastic resin used for the nonwoven fabric sheet include polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene (particularly high-density polyethylene), nylon and the like, and copolymers thereof. These resins can be used alone or as a mixture. High-density polyethylene is desirable in terms of price and performance.

The nonwoven sheet used in the present invention has a light-absorbing black back surface (light-absorbing layer) and a light-reflecting white or silver-colored surface (light-reflecting layer). The side on which the culture medium is placed is preferably the back surface. Since the light reflection layer is arranged on the surface of the nonwoven fabric sheet and the reflectance of visible light is 60% or more, there is an effect that the temperature inside the plant growing bed is lowered and the temperature is not so high as to hinder the root growth of the plant. In order to exert such an effect, it is more preferable to use a nonwoven fabric sheet having a visible light transmittance of 10% or less. Further, the nonwoven sheet used in the present invention has a high reflectance of ultraviolet rays, less wing aphids, southern thrips, etc. come in, and has an effect of suppressing the occurrence of viral diseases to the minimum. Furthermore, by making the back surface (inner surface of the tubular body) black, the light rays that reach the culture medium are blocked so that moss, algae and weeds do not occur between the culture medium and the inner surface of the non-woven sheet, and the root growth There is an effect that can be promoted.

In the present invention, the non-woven fabric sheet having a white or silver reflective layer on the front surface and a black light absorbing layer on the back surface is produced, for example, by the following methods (a) to (e).

(A) The surface of a white non-woven fabric produced by flash spinning high-density polyethylene is solid-printed using a black ink such as black (black) gravure printing ink, offset printing ink or screen printing ink. (B) A non-woven fabric produced by flash spinning of a thermoplastic resin containing 3 to 15% by weight of a white pigment such as titanium oxide and barium sulfate and an aluminum powder, and a thermoplastic resin containing 0.5 to 5% by weight of carbon black. A resin and a non-woven fabric produced by a flash spinning method are attached using an adhesive. (C) The back surface of the white or silver-colored non-woven fabric is solid-printed with black ink such as black (black) gravure printing ink, offset printing ink, or screen printing ink. (D) After applying the anchor coating agent on the surface of the black non-woven fabric, aluminum is vapor-deposited. (E) A white paint or an aluminum paint is applied to the surface of the black non-woven fabric and dried.

The thickness of the fibers of the non-woven sheet is not particularly limited, but in order to improve the reflectance, it is better to be as thin as possible, generally about 0.1 to 10 μm, preferably 5 μm or less.

The thickness of the non-woven fabric sheet is not particularly limited, but considering workability and the like, about 0.1 to 0.5 mm is suitable.

The non-woven fabric sheet used in the present invention may have any shape as long as it is a thermoplastic resin strip, and its width is the central placement portion on which a long plant-cultivating medium is placed and the both sides thereof. It suffices to have at least a wrapping portion having a width capable of wrapping the medium inside. At the manufacturing stage, the non-woven sheet is manufactured to have a width equal to or more than twice the width of the central placing portion and the enclosing portions on both sides thereof, and perforated lines which can be cut into one boundary portion. You may put it in and cut it off at the time of laying.

The width of the central placing portion varies depending on the plant growing medium to be placed, and the width of the enclosing portion also varies depending on the width and height of the plant growing medium.

The nonwoven fabric sheet is provided with a plurality of through holes in the longitudinal direction of the central placing portion, and the through holes may have any shape such as a circle, an ellipse, a square, a rectangle and a hexagon, and a sewing machine. It may be a cutting line like the eyes. The number of through holes is not particularly limited as long as a plurality of through holes are formed in the longitudinal direction of the central mounting portion. From the viewpoint of manufacturing, it is preferable that the plurality of through holes provided in the longitudinal direction of the central mounting portion are arranged in one or two or more rows on both sides of the center in the longitudinal direction. When the through hole is a round hole, its diameter is preferably in the range of 3 to 50 mm.

The wrapping portion of the nonwoven fabric sheet used in the present invention (both sides of the nonwoven fabric sheet, that is, the portion located above the plant-growing medium when wrapped) has an area of 0.5 to
By providing the pores of 50 mm ² with a density of 0.01 to 10 / cm ² , it is possible to further improve and stabilize the water evaporation effect.

Another advantage of providing the pores is that the plant growing bed provided with them can be sprinkled with water and fertilized from above.

[0027] to the area of the pores and 0.5 to 50 mm ² is easily closed it is less than 0.5 mm ^2, only heating effect breathability becomes too large is offset exceeds 50 mm ² This is because the germinated weeds often stick out from the holes. The preferable pore area is 1 to 10 mm ^2.
Is.

The density of pores is set to 0.01 to 10 / cm ² because it is difficult to obtain a uniform transpiration effect if the number is less than 0.01 / cm ² and the temperature rises if it exceeds 10 / cm ^2. This is because the effect becomes small, the perforating process becomes difficult, and the strength of the nonwoven fabric sheet also decreases. Preferred density is 0.05-
It is 1.0 / cm ² . The shape of the pores can be arbitrarily selected, such as a circle, an ellipse, a square, a rectangle, and a hexagon.

Next, the water-permeable root-controlling sheet used in the present invention is a sheet which allows water to pass through but not plant roots. Examples of such water-permeable root-control sheet include a water-permeable woven fabric,
Nonwoven fabric or felt can be used. Above all, the basis weight is 40 to 80 g / m ² , and the fineness of each of the warp and the weft is 5
A plain woven fabric having 0 to 100 denier and 30 to 100 warps or wefts per inch is preferable.

A preferred commercially available product is a plain weave fabric, for example, a root-proof water-permeable sheet "BKS08" manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.
12 "," BKS9812 "or" BKB0812 "
(Trade name), and in the nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 30 to 100 g / m ² obtained by the spunbond method, for example, “Mariace A05040” and “Mariace A05050” (trade name) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation. Or "Paopao root-cutting sheet 30, or 50, or 100" (trade name) manufactured by Mitsui Petrochemical Industry Co., Ltd. (trade name).
It facilitates the rearing of the plant after the plant has finished growing, and does not allow pathogens from the earth to infect the plant through the roots.

The plant-growing sheet of the present invention is formed by fixing the above water-permeable root-controlling sheet to a non-woven fabric sheet in a state of covering the through-holes provided in the non-woven fabric sheet.

Here, the state in which the through-hole portion is covered means that the entire through-hole portion is covered. If there is a part that is not covered, the root may come out from there and there is a risk of infection with pathogenic bacteria from the outside, which is not preferable.

The fixing means may be an adhesive, ultrasonic waves, thermocompression bonding or the like. When the plurality of through holes which are provided in the longitudinal direction of the central placement portion of the nonwoven fabric sheet are arranged in one or two or more rows on both sides of the center in the longitudinal direction, the water-permeable root-controlling sheet is It is preferable that the band-shaped body is slightly wider than the width of the through hole array. This is to prevent the coating leakage.

In the present invention, the lengths in the longitudinal direction of the non-woven fabric sheet and the water-permeable root-proof sheet may be different or the same as long as the through-holes can be covered. Further, one non-woven fabric sheet may be covered with two or more water-permeable root-proof sheets.

In order to seal both ends of the plant-growing medium in the longitudinal direction with a non-woven sheet, it is preferable to make the length of the non-woven sheet longer than the length of the plant-growing medium and to fold the sheet, but without folding it. A side sealing sheet or the like can be prepared separately.

Next, the structure of the plant growing bed of the present invention will be described.

The plant-growing floor of the present invention is long inside a tubular body formed by wrapping the wrapping portions on both sides of the central placement portion of the above-mentioned non-woven sheet and abutting both side edges of the wrapping portion. A scale-shaped plant growing medium is provided.

To form the plant-growing floor of the present invention, a tubular body may be formed in advance and a plant-growing medium may be inserted into the tubular body, but a water-permeable root-control sheet is preferred. Laying a non-woven sheet with a, placing the plant growth medium on the central mounting portion, to wrap the enclosing portion on both sides of the central mounting portion, join the both side edges of the encapsulating portion, Furthermore, it is to wrap both ends of the medium in the longitudinal direction.

The joint portion of the tubular body is arranged above the culture medium, and a planting gap for plants is formed at the joint portion. The spacing of the planting gap is arbitrary, and the size of the gap can also be changed according to the size of the plant and the like.

In the plant growing floor thus formed, a water-permeable root-proof sheet is fixed to the outside of the lower surface of the tubular body in a state of covering the through-hole portion provided in the central placement portion of the nonwoven fabric sheet. have.

Examples of the medium for growing plants used in the present invention include bark of humus, cypress, cedar, etc., peat moss, charcoal powder, chaffed charcoal, water moss, calcined red tama soil, Kanuma soil and the like. You may mix and use. The medium may be mixed with fertilizers, insecticides, heat retaining agents and the like. Further, the soil used for the medium is preferably fumigated or the like in order to prevent crop diseases, and in the present invention, it is not necessary to treat the soil of the entire slaughterhouse as in conventional open-field cultivation or greenhouse cultivation, which is troublesome. Easy to fumigate. It also requires less pesticides.

A irrigation tube may be provided in the longitudinal direction of the plant growing bed of the present invention, but water can be sprayed from the outside of the plant growing bed. When the irrigation tube is provided on the plant growing bed, it is preferable to arrange the irrigation tube above the plant growing medium in order to disperse water efficiently. One irrigation tube may be provided, or two or more irrigation tubes may be provided.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the plant growing sheet and the plant growing floor of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The surface of the land to be cultivated is leveled, or a certain gradient is applied to prepare the terrain, or a ridge width suitable for the cultivated plant is provided, and an earth embankment or a bench is provided at a certain height.

The plant growing sheet of the present invention is laid on the land as shown in FIG. In FIG. 1, 1 is a non-woven sheet processed into a width of 30 to 150 cm, and 101
Is a central placement part on which the plant growing medium is placed, 102 is a wrapping part located on both sides of the central placement part, and 103 is a virtual line demarcating both sides of the central placement part (indicated by a two-dot chain line in the figure). Is shown). Reference numeral 104 designates a plurality of through holes formed in the central mounting portion, which are arranged along the longitudinal center of the central mounting portion.
Formed in rows. The diameter of the through hole is preferably in the range of 3 to 50 mm. The non-woven sheet 1 is laid with the black side on the upper side and the white or silver color side on the lower side.

Reference numeral 2 is a water-permeable root-controlling sheet adhered to the nonwoven fabric sheet 1. The width of the water-permeable root-proof sheet 2 is wide enough to cover the rows of the through holes 104 of the nonwoven fabric sheet 1.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the plant growing medium 3 prepared in advance is placed on the central placing portion 101 of the nonwoven fabric sheet. Reference numeral 105 denotes an end wrapping portion for wrapping both ends of the plant growing medium 3 in the longitudinal direction.

Placement of the medium on the non-woven sheet is carried out by mixing and producing the medium adapted for each kind of plant according to the treatment method,
It can be carried out by extrusion molding on a non-woven sheet so that the width, height and hardness are constant. It is preferable to install a simple irrigation tube in synchronization with this medium placement.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the medium is wrapped so that both ends of the wrapping portion 102 of the non-woven sheet 1 are joined in a palm-shape at the central position on the medium 3, and spot joining is performed. The joining may be sewn together with a thread or locked with a locking member such as a staple. The planting gap 4 of the plant is formed by spot joining. If the intervals of the planting gaps are set so as to match the planting intervals, plant seedlings can be inserted from that interval and planted in the medium. In addition, in FIG.
5 is a simple irrigation tube, which is not always essential in the present invention.

Next, the plant growing sheets on both sides of the medium are joined, for example, sewn together to form a long plant growing bed.

In addition, through holes having a diameter of about 1 to 10 mm can be provided on the upper surface of the plant growing sheet in order to exert a water evaporation effect.

The plant growing beds obtained as described above are lined up in a plastic film-covered house. Remove the seedlings that had been raised in advance from the nursery pot,
Insert into the planting floor planting gap and plant. After planting the seedlings, the fertilization management according to the conventional general cultivation management is performed to grow the plants.

[0053]

[Function] A plant growing sheet in which a water-permeable root-control sheet is fixed to a non-woven fabric sheet in a state of covering the through holes is formed into a tubular body, and a long plant growing medium is loaded into the inside of the sheet to grow the plant. Since it is possible to obtain a growing bed, and because it is a plant growing bed with such a structure, excess water can flow out from the through-hole portion of the nonwoven sheet, but the root of the plant is not outside, so it is caused by the root. Therefore, there is no fear that the pathogen will invade from the outside and there is no concern about infection of the plant with the pathogen. In addition, since there is no outflow of fertilizer, the dose can be reduced. Further, since the plant growing bed itself is easy to carry, it is possible to replace the plant (eg, crop) with an appropriate medium each time the plant is switched.

[0054]

The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples of the present invention, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples.

(Production Example of Plant Growing Sheet) Production Example 1 High-density polyethylene was flash-spun to have a reflectance of about 90%, a basis weight of about 40 g / m ² , and a thickness of about 0.15 mm.
The white non-woven fabric sheet is manufactured, and black solid gravure printing is applied to the back surface of the white non-woven fabric sheet to obtain a basis weight of about 41 g / m ² and a light reflectance of the outer surface of about 90 g.
%, Breathability about 30 seconds / 100cc, light transmittance about 3%
To obtain a white / black non-woven sheet.

The width of this white / black non-woven fabric sheet is 25 cm in the central placing portion for placing the medium and 25 c on both sides for the enclosing portion.
m.

The central mounting portion has a diameter of 5 m as shown in FIG.
m through holes were formed.

Then, a root-proof, water-permeable sheet "BKS0812" (trade name), which is a plain weave manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., is adhered to the back side of the central placement portion of the white / black non-woven fabric sheet, and the above-mentioned is adhered. The through hole is sealed and the plant growing sheet No. 100 was produced.

Production Example 2 The same procedure as in Production Example 1 was repeated except that the white / black non-woven fabric sheet was provided with transpiration holes (diameter 3 mm) in the encapsulation portion. 101 was produced.

Comparative Production Example 1 In the same manner as in Production Example 1 above, except that the root-permeable water-permeable sheet was not provided, plant growing sheet No. 102 was produced.

Comparative Production Example 2 In the above Production Example 1, the white / black non-woven fabric sheet was prepared by using a low-density polyethylene resin to form a two-layer die lamination film on the front surface white and the back black integrally formed film (thickness: 25 μm, substantial air permeability). Except that it was replaced with
Plant growing sheet No. 103 was produced.

(Manufacturing of plant growing floor and plant growing experiment example)
Plant growing sheet No. Using 100 to 103, a cultivation field in a plastic film house [using Super Solar Film (trade name of Mikado Kako Co., Ltd.)] installed at Mikado Kako Co., Ltd. experimental farm (Ichihara City, Chiba Prefecture) ,
After carrying on June 28, 1994 and laying the black part as the upper surface, a plant growing medium having the following composition was placed on the central placing part as shown in FIG.

(Composition of medium for growing plants) Cryptomos L (manufactured by Takeda Garden) 13% by weight Cryptomos S (same as above) 13% by weight Primemix (sakata seed medium) 50% by weight Peatmoss 24% by weight ────── ─────────────────────── Total 100% by weight

After that, the wrapping portion along the longitudinal direction of the plant growing sheet was rolled up toward the center side, and both ends were stapled every 30 cm, the outside was white, and the medium height was about 10 cm.
A cm plant growth floor was formed.

Separately, a cucumber (cultivar Yoshinari; purchased from "Sakata no Tane") was sown (boxed) in a germination box on June 14, 1994, germinated, and the cotyledon expanded to a diameter of 9
cm pots, drip irrigation for 1 hour every day, and raising seedlings until July 7, 1994, from the planting gap between the staples on the plant growing bed to the medium for growing plants on the same day. I planted it.

Cucumbers were grown while injecting water from the irrigation tube for 30 minutes a day.

Plant growing sheet No. having no transpiration holes 1
00 (invention), from July 28, 1994, plant growing sheet No. For 101 (invention), the harvest of cucumber was started on July 26, 1994. On the other hand, the comparative plant growing sheet No. 102 is a plant growing sheet No. The harvest of cucumber was started at the same time as 101, but the comparative plant growing sheet No. 103 was harvested from August 1, 1994.

Table 1 shows the results of the survey on the growth status of the average of 15 cucumber strains (survey date: July 26, 1994).

Table 1 Plant rearing survey individual Plant height Leaf number Internodal length Disease occurrence First harvest date Sheet No. (Shares) (cm) Sheets (cm) Number of shares 100 (Invention) 15 184.8 24.6 7.5 0 7.28 101 (Invention) 15 183.0 26.3 7.0 0 7.26 102 (Comparison) 15 184.7 24.1 7.4 8 7.28 103 (Comparison) 15 185.3 23.2 8.1 7 8.01

Table 2 shows the environment and temperature conditions during cultivation. In addition, the outside air temperature is the temperature in the hundred-leaf box, the film house is the air temperature, and the temperature of the plant growing bed is shown in the experiment using the plant growing sheet. The highest and lowest geothermometer was used as the temperature measuring device. The location of the survey is at Mikado Kako Co., Ltd. experimental farm (Ichihara City, Chiba Prefecture).

Table 2 Measurement period Outside temperature Film house No.100 No.101 No.102 No.103 Month / day Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum Maximum Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum I 34.1 26.2 38.9 30.1 28.8 27.9 28.2 27.4 28.8 28.0 33.3 29.6 II 35.4 25.8 40.7 29.3 30.2 27.5 29.5 27.1 30.0 27.6 33.9 28.1 III 36.2 24.5 42.0 29.4 31.1 27.7 31.1 27.3 31.4 27.9 35.3 28.5 IV 34.1 22.6 39.2 26.0 29.5 24.4 28.9 24.3 29.6 24.4 34.6 29.7 V 34.3 23.1 39.1 25.7 29.3 24.6 29.0 24.5 29.5 24.7 34.5 29.5 I is 7/11 to 7/20 II is 7/21 to 7/31 III is 8/1 to 8/10 IV is 8/11 to 8/20 V is 8/21 to 8/31

During this measurement period, there was no rain and fine weather for a long period of time, and unusually hot weather was encountered, and common cultivated farmers often suffered bacterial wilt disease, and the occurrence of bean leafhoppers as pests was observed. It was a test cultivation under extremely bad conditions.

However, according to No. 1 of the present invention. Cultivation using the plant growing sheet of 101 progressed more smoothly than expected, the occurrence of pests was avoided, and the harvest was from July 26, 1994, the 19th day after planting. In addition, N of the comparison area
o. Cultivation using the 103 plant growing sheet (black and white double film) was a harvest from August 1st.

The cause of this is that the soil temperature of the plant growing bed according to the present invention changes to around 10 ° C. lower than the maximum temperature in the house, rarely exceeds 30 ° C. at the maximum soil temperature, and the soil growing temperature of the plant growing floor is about 25 to 30 ° C. It is considered that it was largely due to the fact that the temperature was maintained within the range and the temperature of 30 ° C or higher was suppressed.

Further, plant-growing sheet No. 1 which does not use a root-permeable water-permeable sheet. In 102, the occurrence of disease was confirmed around July 15. It is considered that this is because roots leached from the plant growth floor to the outside through the pores caused the disease fungus. This is because the disease-causing bacteria have been sterilized in the plant growing bed by fumigation treatment or drug administration, and it is not considered other than from the outside of the plant growing bed. Incidentally, No. Due to the high ground temperature of 103, the occurrence of disease was also confirmed around July 15.

[0076]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the medium can be switched according to the change of the crop to be cultivated, the fumigation of the culture soil is easy, and the plant cultivating sheet and the plant cultivating floor are less susceptible to infection by external pathogens. The structure can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a plant growing sheet.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of essential parts showing an example in which a plant growing medium is placed on a plant growing sheet.

FIG. 3 is a partially omitted perspective view showing an example of a plant growing floor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Non-woven sheet 101: Central placement part 102: Encapsulation part 103: Virtual line 104: Perforation part 105: End part encapsulation part 2: Water-permeable root control sheet 3: Plant growth medium 4: Implantation gap 5: Irrigation tube

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A belt-shaped body made of a thermoplastic resin, comprising a central mounting portion on which a long medium for growing plants is placed, and enclosing portions having a width capable of enclosing the medium on both sides thereof. Basis weight is 20 to 100 g / m ² , visible light reflectance is 60%
As described above, the non-woven fabric sheet has air permeability of 10 to 200 seconds / 100 cc, and the non-woven fabric sheet has a plurality of through holes in the longitudinal direction of the central placement portion, and the through holes allow water to pass through but are of a plant type. A plant-growing sheet, characterized in that the root is covered with a water-permeable root-proof sheet that does not pass through. 2. The water-permeable root-proof sheet is a water-permeable woven fabric,
The plant growing sheet according to claim 1, which is formed using a non-woven fabric or felt. 3. The water-permeable woven fabric has a basis weight of 40 to 80 g.
/ M ² , the fineness of each of the warp and the weft is 50 to 100 denier, and the number of the warp or the weft per inch is 30 to each.
3. A woven fabric of 100 plain weaves.
The plant growing sheet described. 4. The non-woven fabric sheet has a light-absorbing black back surface and a light-reflecting white or silver-colored surface, and the side on which the plant growing medium is placed is the back surface. The plant growing sheet according to claim 1, 2 or 3. 5. The tubular body formed by wrapping the wrapping portions on both sides of the central placement portion of the nonwoven fabric sheet according to claim 1 and joining the both side edges of the wrapping portion has an elongated shape. A plant-growing medium is formed, a joint portion of the tubular body is arranged above the medium, and a planting gap is formed in the joint portion, and water passes through the lower surface of the tubular body. However, the structure of a plant growing floor is characterized in that a water-permeable root-control sheet that does not allow plant roots to pass through is fixed in a state of covering the through-hole portion provided in the central placement portion of the nonwoven fabric sheet. 6. The water-permeable root-proof sheet is a water-permeable woven fabric,
The structure of the plant growing floor according to claim 5, which is formed by using a non-woven fabric or felt. 7. The water-permeable woven fabric has a basis weight of 40 to 80 g.
/ M ² , the fineness of each of the warp and the weft is 50 to 100 denier, and the number of the warp or the weft per inch is 30 to each.
7. A plain weave fabric of 100 pieces.
Structure of the plant growth floor described. 8. The non-woven fabric sheet has a light-absorbing black back surface, a light-reflecting white or silver surface, and the inner surface of the tubular body is the back surface. The structure of the plant growing floor according to claim 5, 6 or 7.