JPH0825323A - Tile and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To propose a tile and a method for manufacturing the same in which a firing efficiency can be raised, the yield of a product finishing can be improved and which can contribute to the reduction in a product unit price. CONSTITUTION:Protruding stripes 2 and recess stripes 3 which are alternately formed in its lateral direction are formed on the rear surface side of a tile body 1, and numerous recesses 4 perpendicularly crossing the longitudinal direction are formed at suitable intervals in the longitudinal direction on the stripes 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a glazed tile, particularly a non-glazed tile and a method for producing the tile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an extrusion molding method using an extrusion molding machine is adopted as a method for producing a stoneware tile.

[0003] Among the stoneware tiles, the non-glazed stoneware tiles without glaze are, for example, silica stone as a raw material,
A clay for mixing tiles containing an appropriate amount of iron is used by using a mixed clay of alumina, iron, feldspar, and the like.

The general method for producing tiles is as follows. First, clay containing an appropriate amount of iron as a raw material for the above-mentioned glazed non-glazed tile is kneaded in a kneader, and then a vacuum clay kneader and Molded into a tile cross-section shape as a tile body with a molding machine, for example, from 60 ° C to 80 ° higher than room temperature.
It is dried in warm air over 2 to 3 days at C, and finally sent into a firing furnace and fired at 1100 ° C to 1250 ° C to finish the product.

The oxidation or reduction firing in the final firing step oxidizes the iron content contained in the tile raw material to give a reddish color or a dark brown color, etc., depending on the firing temperature and the blending ratio of the iron content. A glaze-free glazed decorative tile is formed.

[0006] In the above firing step, it should be noted that when the tile bodies are fired, as can be seen from the above explanation, the surface of the tile body is clearly colored when oxidation firing or reduction firing is performed. This is because the flame, that is, the high temperature, is directly contacted with the surface of the tile and is oxidized, and therefore, there should be no obstruction between the tile bodies and the surface of the tile body during firing.

Further, the most important thing in the manufacturing process of the above tiles is that the manufacturing unit price is lowered by baking as efficiently as possible in the baking process, and the product yield is good.

In the most recent prior art, among the above, the firing process is performed as efficiently as possible. As shown in FIG. 7, the tile main body 20 is formed by the above vacuum kneading machine and molding machine. If one unit is formed into the tile cross-sectional shape, the two units of tiles are anastomosed with their back sides integrated and the through hole 21 and the notch 22 are formed in the anastomosis boundary. The main body 23 is extrusion-molded and sent to the above-mentioned drying process in this state, and then the dried two-unit tile main body 23 is successively leaned on a trolley 24 to be sent to a firing furnace, as shown in FIG. Are arranged parallel to each other, and are further directly leaned in an orthogonal state in the same manner in sequence and arranged in parallel. In such a state, the multi-stage leaning state is sent to the firing furnace for firing.

After completion of the firing, as shown in FIG. 9, a two-unit tile body 23 is applied to the notch 22 with a tool P such as an appropriate chisel so that the rear surface of the tile main body 23 is cut. Tile T in which convex stripes 25 and concave stripes 26, which are alternately concave and convex in the width direction, are formed on the side
Are formed.

According to this manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 8, two units of tile bodies 23 can be directly stacked vertically and horizontally in parallel on a carriage 24 and fired. Since there is nothing that obstructs the surface, there is no adverse effect on the coloring of the surface, and a large number of tile bodies 23
Since it can be fired at one time, it is possible to efficiently fire by taking only this firing step, which contributes to a reduction in the manufacturing unit price in the firing step.

However, this conventional manufacturing method has a fatal difficulty that the yield as a product is very poor. That is, as shown in FIG.
Since the tiles are directly leaned against each other in a multistage manner and fired, the tile body 23 is softened at the time of firing due to the high temperature, so that the finished product is bent or distorted as shown in FIG. Many occur. It is necessary to increase the thickness of the tile main body 23 in order to avoid the occurrence of such bending and distortion, and there is a limit to thinning the thickness. Further, when the two units of the tile main body 23 are cut from the cut 22 by the tool P after the firing is completed and the tile T is finished,
As shown in FIG. 11, the uneven portion 27 is formed on the dividing surface of the tile T.
In many cases, the product cannot be used as a product, and the yield of finishing the product is poor, so that there is a drawback that the production unit price is not reduced.

By the above-mentioned vacuum clay kneader and molding machine, the tile main body for each unit, which is formed into a tile main body as a tile main body, is extruded or formed by pressing, and is fired. However, in this case, since the tile body is thin, it cannot be leaned against and fired. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the tile bodies 28 are placed on the firing shelf 29 one by one. Since it has to be fired, the firing amount is limited and firing efficiency is poor, and the unit price cannot be lowered.

[0013]

As described above, in the conventional tile structure or the manufacturing method thereof, even if the firing efficiency of the firing process itself can be increased, the yield of finished products is poor, so that the unit price of the finished product is eventually increased. Although it was not possible to contribute to the reduction of price, the present invention can eliminate this difficulty and increase the firing efficiency, and also improve the yield of product finishing, thus contributing to the reduction of the unit price of the product. The purpose is to propose a tile that can be manufactured and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0014]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the invention according to claim 1, if the reference numerals shown in the embodiments are attached and shown, the tile body 1 has The ridge portions 2 and the ridge portions 3 which are uneven in the width direction are formed alternately, and the recesses 4 orthogonal to the longitudinal direction are formed in the ridge portions 2 innumerably at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction. The tile configuration is as follows.

Further, in the invention according to claim 2, the extrusion molding machine 5 extrudes the tile main body 1 having the convex ridges 2 and the concave ridges 3 which are alternately convex and concave in the width direction on the back surface side. The formed and extruded tile body 1 passes between the flat roll 6 on the front surface side and the concave-convex roll 7 on the rear surface side, and the convex-concave portion of the tile main body 1 by the concave-convex roll 7 on the rear surface side during the passage. In FIG. 2, the structure of the method for manufacturing a tile is adopted in which the concave portions 4 orthogonal to the longitudinal direction are formed innumerably at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, an extrusion molding machine 5 is used to form a tile main body 1 having convex ridge portions 2 and concave ridge portions 3 which are alternately concave and convex in the width direction on the back surface side. A unit of the method for manufacturing a tile according to claim 1 is adopted in which a plurality of units of the tile main body 8 are extrusion-molded in a state of being connected in the width direction.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, a plurality of units of tile main bodies 8 extruded in a state of being continuous in the width direction are directly sent to the drying step. The structure of the tile manufacturing method is adopted.

Further, in the invention according to claim 5, the plurality of units of tile bodies 8 that have undergone the drying process are divided into the tile bodies 1 of each unit, and the divided tile bodies 1 of each unit are divided.
Adopts the structure of the method for manufacturing a tile according to any one of claims 2 to 4, which is directly stacked on each other in a plurality of stages and sent to the firing step.

[0019]

In the invention according to claim 1, the tile body 1
On the back side of the ridges, convex and concave ridges 2 and concave ridges 3 are formed alternately in the width direction, and concave ridges 4 orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the ridges 2 are formed at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction. Since a large number of tile bodies 1 are stacked in a firing furnace so that the front and back sides of the tile bodies 1 directly contact each other in the firing furnace, the flames or high temperatures are stacked up and down in the oxidation firing or reduction firing. The flames and high temperatures are evenly spread over the entire front and back surfaces by penetrating into the front and back surfaces of the tile body 1 through the recessed ridges 3 between the tile bodies 1 and 1 and the innumerable recesses 4 orthogonal to the ridges 3.
It does not adversely affect the oxidative coloring of the surface due to the oxidative calcination or the reduction calcination.

Therefore, since a large number of tile bodies 1 can be fired at one time in the firing process, the firing efficiency can be greatly increased.

Further, since a large number of tile bodies 1 are stacked and fired so that the front and back sides of the tile bodies 1 are in direct contact with each other, even if the tile body 1 is warped or distorted in the drying process of the previous step, In the firing step, the tile body 1 is softened by high temperature firing, so that the tile body 1 is corrected to be flat by the softening, and when the firing is completed, it is possible to finish the tile in a regular state in which no bending or distortion occurs. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the wall thickness, and it is possible to manufacture a thin tile,
Good manufacturing yield.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the extrusion molding machine 5 extrudes the tile main body 1 having the convex ridges 2 and the concave ridges 3 which are alternately concave and convex in the width direction on the back surface side. The formed and extruded tile body 1 passes between the flat roll 6 on the front surface side and the concave-convex roll 7 on the rear surface side, and the convex-concave portion of the tile main body 1 by the concave-convex roll 7 on the rear surface side during the passage. Since the indentations 4 orthogonal to the longitudinal direction are formed innumerably at 2 at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction, the manufacturing is easy, and the manufacturing time is the same as the conventional one. There is nothing to raise the manufacturing unit price of.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3, by the extrusion molding machine 5, the tile main body 1 having the convex strips 2 and the concave strips 3 which are alternately convex and concave in the width direction of the back side is formed. As a unit, a plurality of tile main bodies 8 are extruded in a state of being connected in the width direction, so that a large number of tile main bodies 1 can be formed at one time, and thus the production unit price is naturally lowered. Will contribute to.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, since a plurality of units of the tile main body 8 extruded in a state of being continuous in the width direction are directly sent to the drying step, the width during the drying step. The tile main bodies 1 regulate the occurrence of the bending and the distortion in the directions, and prevent the bending and the distortion from occurring.

Further, in the invention according to claim 5, the plurality of tile main bodies 8 that have undergone the drying process are divided into the tile main bodies 1 for each unit, and the divided tile main bodies 1 for each unit.
Are directly stacked on each other in a plurality of stages and sent to the firing process, so that the tile main body 8 is not cured yet at the time of the drying process.
The cutting work is easy, and even if some unevenness occurs during the cutting, it can be easily repaired. Then, the divided tile main bodies 1 for each unit are directly stacked on each other and sent to the firing process, so that the work from the drying process to the firing process is easy.

[0026]

FIG. 1 shows a tile according to an embodiment of the present invention. A strip plate-shaped tile body 1 has a flat surface on the front side as shown by a, and its four peripheral edges are rounded. Ridges 2 and concave ridges 3 are formed on the back surface side in the longitudinal direction of the back surface, and the ridges 2 and the concave ridges 3 are alternately formed in the widthwise direction as shown in b and c. Innumerable recesses 4 are formed in the groove 2 at right intervals in the longitudinal direction, the recesses 4 being slightly shallower than the depth of the concave streak 3.

FIG. 2 shows the shape of the tile main body 1 in the process of being manufactured. Specifically, silica, alumina,
First, using a clay mixed with iron, feldspar, etc., it is first kneaded by a kneader and then formed into a tile cross-sectional shape as a tile body by a vacuum clay kneader and a molding machine. It shows the shape from warming to dryness in hot air from ° C to 80 ° C for 2 to 3 days.

That is, by using the extrusion molding machine (vacuum clay kneader) 5 shown in FIG. 4, the tile main body 1 having the convex ridges 2 and the concave ridges 3 which are alternately convex and concave in the width direction of the back side is formed. As a unit, it shows a state in which a plurality of tile main bodies 8 are extruded in a state of being continuous in the width direction, and a notch 9 is formed in the boundary portion of each tile main body 1 as shown in FIG. There is. By thus forming a plurality of tile bodies 1 in a row in the width direction, the manufacturing efficiency can be improved, and the bending and distortion in the next drying process can be prevented as much as possible. be able to.

The most important part of the present invention is that the uneven portion 7a is formed in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, an extrusion molding machine (vacuum kneading machine) 5 is used to form projections and depressions alternately formed in the width direction on the back surface side by using the projections and depressions roll 7 formed by extending a in the entire axial direction. Article 2
And a tile main body 1 extruded to have a groove 3
The tile main body 1 is passed between the flat roll 6 on the front surface side and the concave-convex roll 7 on the back surface side during the delivery of the tile main body 1 by the concave-convex roll 7 on the rear surface side during the passage.
As shown in FIG. 2A, indentations 4 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ridge 2 are formed innumerably at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction in a state where the depth is slightly shallower than that of the ridge 3. Has become.

As described above, after a plurality of tile main bodies 8 are extruded in a state where they are connected in the width direction, they are solidified to some extent by a drying process, and the tile main bodies 8 in this dry base state are A worker is manually or mechanically cut into the tile bodies 1 along the above-described cuts 9. If there are some irregularities when dividing, repair with a knife. Even if the tile body 1 is slightly curved or distorted due to the drying step, it is sent to the next firing step without being discarded.

FIG. 5 shows the stacked state of the tile bodies 1 on the carriage 10 fed into the firing furnace, and is a three-dimensional shelf 11 made of refractory bricks or the like framed in multiple stages.
A large number of tile bodies 1 are stacked on each of the shelves 11a in a plurality of stages, for example, four stages with the front and back sides of the tile bodies 1 in direct contact with each other.
It will be fired at 1250 ° C for one day and then taken out from the firing furnace for one day after being naturally cooled.

During firing, the ridges 2 are formed on the back surface of the tile body 1 in an alternating pattern in the width direction.
Since the concave streak portions 3 and the concave streak portions 3 are formed, and the concave streak portions 4 orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the convex streak portion 2 are formed innumerably at appropriate intervals in the longitudinal direction, a large number of tile bodies 1 can be directly formed in a firing furnace. Even if they are stacked so that their front and back sides are in contact with each other, the flame or high temperature in the oxidization firing or the reduction firing has a recessed portion 3 between the tile bodies 1 and 1 stacked up and down, and innumerable The flame and the high temperature evenly penetrate the front and back surfaces of the tile body 1 through the concave portions 4 and do not adversely affect the oxidative coloring of the surface due to the oxidation firing or the reduction firing.

Therefore, since a large number of tile bodies 1 can be fired at one time in the firing step, the firing efficiency can be greatly increased.

Further, since a large number of tile bodies 1 are stacked and fired so that the front and back sides of the tile bodies 1 are in direct contact with each other, the tile body 1 in which bending or distortion has occurred in the drying step of the previous step is shown in FIG. Even if the tile bodies 1 are stacked, the tile bodies 1 are softened by high temperature firing in this firing process, and due to the softening and due to the weight of the tile bodies 1 themselves, the tile bodies 1 along the flat surface of the lower tile body 1 or each shelf 11a are aligned. It is corrected to a flat shape, and when finished firing, tiles can be finished in a regular state with no curvature or distortion.
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the tile, it is possible to manufacture a thin-walled tile, and the manufacturing yield is good.

[0035]

According to the invention of claim 1, even if a large number of tile bodies are stacked in a firing furnace so that the front and back sides of the tile bodies are in direct contact with each other, the flame or high temperature is not maintained in the oxidation firing or reduction firing. The flames and high temperatures spread evenly over the entire front and back surfaces from the concave stripes between the tile bodies that are stacked vertically and the innumerable recesses orthogonal to the concave stripes, and the flame and high temperature are evenly distributed over the entire front and back surfaces, and oxidation firing or reduction firing There is no adverse effect on the oxidative coloring of the surface due to, and therefore, it is possible to greatly increase the firing efficiency because a large number of tile bodies can be fired at once in the firing step.

Further, since a large number of tile bodies are stacked and fired so that the front and back surfaces of the tile bodies directly contact each other, even if the tile body is warped or distorted in the drying step of the previous step, this firing step is performed. Since the tile body is softened by high temperature firing, it is corrected to a flat shape by the softening, and when the firing is completed, it is possible to finish the tile in a regular state in which no bending or distortion occurs. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the tile, it is possible to manufacture a thin-walled tile, and the manufacturing yield is good.

Further, in the invention according to claim 2, since the manufacturing is easy and the manufacturing time is the same as the conventional one, there is no need to raise the manufacturing unit price in this molding step. After all, according to this manufacturing method, the unit manufacturing cost of tiles can be significantly reduced.

In the invention according to claim 3, a large number of tile bodies can be formed at one time, which naturally contributes to a reduction in the unit manufacturing cost.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, since a plurality of units of tile bodies extruded in a state of being connected in the width direction are directly sent to the drying process, the width direction in the drying process. Curvature and distortion are restrained by the tile bodies from each other, and the curvature and distortion are less likely to occur, which also contributes to the reduction of the manufacturing unit price.

Further, in the invention according to claim 5, since the tile main body is not cured yet at the time of passing through the drying step, the cutting work is easy, and some unevenness is generated during the cutting. Can also be easily repaired. And
The divided tile bodies for each unit are directly stacked on top of each other and sent to the firing process, so the work from the drying process to the firing process is easy, and this also greatly contributes to the reduction of the manufacturing unit price. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a is a perspective view seen from the front side, b is a perspective view seen from the back side,
c is a side view.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a tile main body in a manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a is a perspective view seen from the front side and b is a perspective view seen from the back side.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a concavo-convex roll used in a manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a manufacturing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing the main part of the same manufacturing process.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a conventional manufacturing process.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a state in which a conventional tile body is being manufactured.

8 is a perspective view showing a firing state in a firing step of the tile body of FIG. 7. FIG.

9 is a perspective view showing a state of the product of FIG. 7. FIG.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the state of the product of FIG. 7 as well.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the state of the product of FIG. 7 as well.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Tile main body 2 Convex ridge part 3 Recessed ridge part 4 Recessed part 5 Extrusion molding machine 7 Concavo-convex roll 8 Tile main body in a state where the tile main body 1 is connected

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A tile main body is provided with convex and concave ridges that are alternately formed in the width direction on the back side of the tile main body, and the ridges have longitudinal recesses perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. A tile made up of innumerable tiles at appropriate intervals. 2. An extrusion molding machine extrudes and forms a tile main body having convex and concave ridges that are alternately convex and concave in the width direction of the back side, and the extruded tile main body is flat on the front side. While passing between the roll and the concavo-convex roll on the back side, the concave-convex roll on the back side forms innumerable recesses at right intervals in the longitudinal direction on the convex stripes of the tile body in the course of the passage. A method of manufacturing such tiles. 3. A plurality of tile main bodies are connected in the width direction by using an extrusion molding machine as one unit of a tile main body having convex and concave ridges alternately concave and convex in the width direction on the back surface side. The method for producing a tile according to claim 1, wherein the tile is extruded in a closed state. 4. The method for manufacturing a tile according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of units of tile bodies are directly sent to a drying step. 5. A plurality of units of tile bodies that have undergone a drying process are divided into unit units of tile bodies, and the divided units of tile units are directly stacked on each other in a plurality of stages and sent to a firing process. The method for manufacturing a tile according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein