JPH0824818A - Plastic waste refuse treatment apparatus and deodorizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the vol. of waste refuse to a large extent by a simple constitution and operation and to prevent the generation of a malodor by compressing plastic waste refuse in a heated and softened state by air pressure and purifying the gas containing a malodorous component at the time of heating and compression by a deodorizing part. CONSTITUTION:At the time of the treatment of plastic waste refuse, the plastic waste refuse is received in a waste refuse receiving container and, after the container is closed by a lid part 11, a heater 12 and a circulating fan 13 are operated to generate hot air which is, in turn, blown off from a hot air blowoff port 14 to be circulated so as to heat the waste refuse. When the temp. of the waste refuse rises to reach a predetermined temp., a bag member 8 is brought into a reduced pressure state by a pressure reducing machine 22 to be pressed to the body part 9 and bottom part 10 of the waste refuse container not only to push up the bottom part 10 but also to slide the knot part of the body part upward. By this constitution, the waste refuse in the waste refuse receiving container is compressed to be reduced in vol. The gas containing a malodorus component generate data this time is deodorized through a deodorizing part 24 to be discharged.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to general households, various restaurants,
The present invention relates to a plastic waste treatment device capable of reducing the volume of plastic waste such as food trays, containers, bottles, and packaging materials that are often generated in supermarkets and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a plastic waste treatment device, a system has been proposed, as in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-315140, in which plastic waste is heated and softened by hot air and compressed by air pressure. The structure is shown in FIG. The heater 1 and the blower unit 2 are operated to heat and soften the plastic dust, and the air pump 3 is also activated to send air to the outside of the bag body 4 to pressurize the bag body 4 and the dust storage container 5 to move them upward. Compress the plastic waste. When heated, gas containing odors such as styrene and attached garbage is generated,
It flows out from the waste container 5 during compression. This gas is purified by the deodorizing section 6 using activated carbon or a catalyst and is discharged to the outside.

[0003]

In the conventional example, a catalyst or activated carbon was used for deodorizing as described above, but these have the following problems. That is, if the compression operation of the plastic waste is not performed before the plastic waste is cooled, the plastic waste is cooled and becomes hard again, and it is difficult to reduce the volume. Therefore, compression must be done rapidly.
For this reason, a large amount of gas is discharged at the time of compressing dust, and it is necessary to increase the volume of the catalyst in order to process it, and the capacity of the electric heater for keeping the catalyst at the activation temperature is also extremely large. Also, in the case of deodorizing activated carbon, since the adsorption capacity of activated carbon is easily saturated by the gas containing a large amount of malodorous components, the volume of activated carbon becomes extremely large.
The entire device becomes large.

In consideration of the above problems of the conventional plastic waste processing apparatus, the present invention significantly reduces the volume of the waste by a simple structure and operation, and partially contains a malodorous component generated from the waste during heating and compression. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device capable of purifying gas also by a deodorizing section.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides, as a first means, a waste container having a variable inner volume for storing plastic waste, a hot air generator for heating the plastic waste, and a plastic. A compression mechanism that reduces the internal volume of the waste storage container after the waste is heated to a predetermined temperature in the hot air generator, an adsorbent that deodorizes the gas exhausted from the waste storage container when the compression mechanism operates, and an adsorbent A heater that heats the adsorbent and a catalyst that oxidizes the gas separated from the adsorbent are provided, the heater is de-energized when the plastic waste is compressed, and the adsorbent adsorbs the gas. When the adsorbent is regenerated, the heater is energized to adsorb the adsorbent. A plastic waste treatment device that oxidizes the gas separated from the above with a catalyst.

As a second means, an air inflow portion having a shutoff valve is provided on the upstream side of the deodorizing portion, the shutoff valve is closed when the plastic dust is compressed, and the exhaust gas is deodorized by the adsorbent in the deodorizing portion. At the time of regeneration, the shut-off valve is opened, air is sucked from the air inflow part, the adsorbent is heated, and the gas separated from the adsorbent is oxidized by the catalyst in the deodorizing part.

As a third means, after starting the regeneration of the adsorbent, the desorption heater input before reaching the predetermined desorption temperature is made smaller than the desorption heater input after reaching the predetermined desorption temperature.

As a fourth means, an outer cylinder having a gas inlet at one end, an inner cylinder having openings at both ends inserted into the outer cylinder from the inlet direction, and a counterflow path formed by the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. An adsorbent provided on the inner cylinder, a catalyst provided at a predetermined interval on the downstream side of the adsorbent, a heat exchange section provided on the downstream side of the catalyst, and a heater for heating the catalyst from the outer circumference of the inner cylinder are provided. Through the inlet, the outer periphery of the heat exchange section, the outer periphery of the heater, the inside of the adsorbent, the inner cylinder between the adsorbent and the catalyst, the inside of the catalyst, and the inner periphery of the heat exchange section. A deodorizing device that adsorbs and energizes a heater during regeneration of the adsorbent to oxidize the gas separated from the adsorbent with a catalyst.

[0009]

With the above structure, the plastic waste stored in the waste storage container is heated with hot air to a predetermined softening temperature, and then the internal volume of the waste storage container is reduced to compress the plastic waste. A gas containing a malodorous component is generated from dust during heat softening or compression, and thus the malodorous component is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the deodorizing section to deodorize it. Although the adsorbent has a limited adsorption capacity, it can handle a large flow rate of gas compared to the catalyst,
Also, since the lower the temperature is, the higher the adsorption capacity is, the heater is not required unlike the catalyst deodorization. The adsorbent has an adsorption capacity for at least one waste treatment, but when it is repeatedly used, it becomes saturated with malodorous components and cannot adsorb gas. Therefore, before the adsorption performance deteriorates and becomes a breakthrough state,
A cycle is provided to heat the activated carbon and desorb odorous components. In the desorption cycle, the desorbed gas is oxidized and purified by the heated catalyst, but since this desorption can be performed over time, the catalyst and its heater are small. Since the adsorbent is regenerated, it does not need to be replaced.

An air inflow section having a shutoff valve is provided on the upstream side of the deodorization section, the shutoff valve is closed when the plastic dust is compressed, the exhaust gas is deodorized by the adsorbent in the deodorization section, and the shutoff valve is opened when the adsorbent is regenerated. By sucking air from the air inflow part to heat the adsorbent and oxidizing the gas desorbed from the adsorbent with the catalyst in the deodorizing part, the purification rate of the catalyst is prevented from decreasing due to lack of air. .

Since a gas containing a high-concentration malodorous component is easily desorbed near the start of adsorbent regeneration, the desorption heater input before the predetermined desorption temperature is reached after the adsorbent regeneration is started and the desorption heater after the predetermined desorption temperature is reached By making it smaller than the input,
In addition to suppressing ignition, it also increases the regeneration rate of the adsorbent.

[0012] An outer cylinder having a gas inlet at one end, an inner cylinder having openings at both ends inserted into the outer cylinder from the inlet direction, a counterflow path formed by the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and an adsorption provided on the inner cylinder. Material, a catalyst provided at a predetermined interval downstream of the adsorbent, a heat exchange portion provided downstream of the catalyst, and a desorption heater for heating the catalyst from the outer circumference of the inner cylinder, so that gas is purified during purification. Is made to flow from the inflow port of the outer cylinder and passed through the counterflow path, and then the malodorous component in the gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent to deodorize it. During regeneration of the adsorbent, the desorption heater is operated to heat the catalyst, and the adsorbent is heated by the hot air generated by the exhaust heat recovery of the desorption heater to desorb the malodorous component and the desorbed gas is oxidized by the catalyst. While recovering exhaust heat with a single heater when regenerating the adsorbent, raise the temperature of the catalyst above the temperature of the adsorbent to efficiently purify the gas desorbed from the adsorbent and to ignite the adsorbent and desorbed gas. Is also suppressed.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a plastic waste processing apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a deodorizing apparatus. The main part of the plastic waste treatment device of FIG. 1 is located inside the outer container 7, an outer container guide 7a that forms the bottom of the outer container 7, a heat-resistant bag body 8 installed in the outer container 7, and a bag body 8. It is composed of a waste storage container body 9 and a waste storage container bottom 10. Bag 8
The waste container body 9 is hermetically fixed at the upper end of the outer container 7. The body part 9 of the waste container has a multi-node slidable structure so that the internal volume can be changed. A body hole 9a and a bottom hole 10a are provided in the garbage storage container body 9 and the garbage storage container bottom 10, respectively. A lid 11 is provided on the upper side of the outer container 7, and a heater 12 and a circulation fan 13 are provided inside the lid 11 to form a hot air generator. A hot air blowing hole 14 is provided below the heater 12, and a hot air suction hole 15 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the hot air blowing hole 14.
A temperature detector 16 is provided near the heater 12. A lid packing 17 is provided in order to ensure the tightness of the lid 11 and the outer container 7. A support 19 is installed on the support 18, and a lid 11 is connected to the support 19 via a hinge 20. A damper 21 is provided to smoothly open and close the lid 11. A decompressor 22 for decompressing the inside of the waste container is connected to the lid 11 via a decompression path 23. The decompression path 23 is provided with a deodorizing section 24. The air inflow part 2 is provided in the decompression path 23 between the deodorizing part 24 and the lid part 11.
5 and a shutoff valve 26 is provided in the air inflow portion 25.

The main part of the deodorizing section 24 in FIG. 2 is installed inside the gas inflow section 27, the outer cylinder 28 with one end opening, the inner cylinder 29 with both ends opening, the counterflow path 29a inside and outside the inner cylinder 29, and the inner cylinder 29. The adsorbent 30, the catalyst 31 installed inside the inner cylinder 29 on the downstream side of the adsorbent 30, the desorption heater 32 for heating the catalyst 31 from the outer side of the inner cylinder 29, and the heat exchange section 33. Activated carbon or zeolite is used as the adsorbent 30, and the adsorbent fixture 30 a is used as a unit, and an adsorbent sealant 30 b is provided between the adsorbent 30 and the inner cylinder 29. The catalyst 31 is formed in a cylindrical shape by supporting a platinum group precious metal on the surface of a carrier of a ceramic honeycomb, and a catalyst sealing material 31 a is provided between the catalyst 31 and the inner cylinder 29. A heat insulating cylinder 32a is provided outside the detachable heater 32. An outer cylinder heat insulating portion 28a and an outer cylinder heat insulating portion fixed cylinder 28b are provided outside the outer cylinder 28.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. In FIG. 1, first, the lid 11 is opened to store the plastic dust in the dust container, and then the lid 11 is closed to operate the heater 12 and the circulation fan 13. The generated hot air is blown out from the hot air blowing hole 14, heats the plastic dust, then passes through the hot air suction hole 15, is sucked by the circulation fan 13, and is again blown out from the hot air blowing hole 14. In this way, a hot air circulation path is formed. The plastic dust is heated by controlling the hot air temperature to a predetermined value (about 130 ° C.) by the temperature detector 16 provided near the heater 12. At about 130 ° C, no chlorine-based gas is generated from plastic waste. When the temperature of the plastic dust rises and reaches a predetermined temperature, the inside of the bag body 8 is depressurized by the depressurizer 22. In this embodiment, depressurized air is used for the dust compression operation, but pressurized air may be used. The use of depressurized air makes it easy to prevent leaks from the device and is highly safe. When the decompressor 22 is operated, the gas inside the bag body 8 is discharged and the decompression state is achieved. Due to the pressure difference generated there, the bag body 8 is pressed against the waste storage container body portion 9 and the waste storage container bottom portion 10. Further, the dust storage container bottom portion 10 is pushed up and the node portion of the waste storage container body portion 9 is slid upward. Move to reduce the internal volume of the garbage container. Along with this, the waste stored in the waste storage container is also compressed. Since the plastic waste is softened or partly melted due to the temperature rise, it is easily compressed as the internal volume of the waste container changes, and the volume is greatly reduced. After compression, the plastic waste is naturally cooled and shrinked and solidified to significantly reduce the volume, and the treated waste can be taken out and discarded.

In this way, the volume reduction of the plastic waste is achieved, but during heating and softening or compression, a gas containing a part of a hydrocarbon-based malodorous component such as styrene is generated from the waste. Are introduced from the gas inflow portion 27 shown in FIG. The gas passes through the adsorbent 30 from the passage between the outer cylinder 28 and the inner cylinder 29, and the malodorous component in the gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent 30 to become odorless and is exhausted. The adsorbent 30 has an adsorption capacity for at least one garbage treatment, but when the garbage treatment is repeated, the adsorbent 30 is saturated with a malodorous component,
A breakthrough condition occurs in which the gas cannot be purified. Before the adsorbent 30 breaks through and the purification performance deteriorates, the desorption heater 32 is operated to heat the adsorbent 30 with hot air to desorb the malodorous component. At the same time, the heat of the desorption heater 32 heats the catalyst 31. The decompressor 22 is operated to allow gas (air) to flow in from the gas inflow portion 27, and the desorbed gas is conveyed to the catalyst 31 for oxidation treatment and then exhausted. The decompressor 22 shown in FIG. 1 is used as a blower when the adsorbent 30 is regenerated, but a small blower (not shown) may be added when it is difficult to flow a small flow of gas. Replacing the adsorbent 30 eliminates the need for replacement.

Further, since the processing at the time of purification and the processing at the time of regeneration of the adsorbent 30 are temporally separated, a large flow rate of gas is processed by the adsorbent 30 at the time of purification, and a small flow rate of gas at the time of regeneration.
Since it can be oxidized by the catalyst 31 while being desorbed from 0,
The catalyst 31 can be downsized.

One desorption heater 32 when the adsorbent 30 is regenerated
Since the temperature of the catalyst 31 can be raised above the temperature of the adsorbent 30, the gas desorbed from the adsorbent 30 can be efficiently purified, and the desorbed gas can be removed by the desorption heater 32.
Since it does not come into contact with, it is possible to suppress the ignition of gas.

By heating the catalyst 31 with the desorption heater 32, the temperature of the catalyst 31 can be raised faster than the temperature of the adsorbent 30 and the gas desorbed from the adsorbent 30 can be efficiently purified.

An air inflow section 25 having a shutoff valve 26 is provided on the upstream side of the deodorizing section 24, the shutoff valve 26 is closed when the plastic dust is compressed, and the exhaust gas is purified by an adsorbent 30 in the deodorizing section 24 and adsorbed. Open the shutoff valve 26 when regenerating the material 30,
Air is sucked from the air inflow part 25 to heat the adsorbent 30 and the gas desorbed from the adsorbent 30 is deodorized by the deodorizing part 24.
Oxidation by the internal catalyst 31 can prevent the reduction of the oxidation reaction of the catalyst 31 caused by the lack of oxygen.

Since the gas containing a high-concentration malodorous component is easily desorbed at the time of starting the regeneration of the adsorbent 30, the input of the desorption heater 32 at the time of starting the regeneration of the adsorbent 30 is desorbed by the predetermined desorption heater 32 before reaching the predetermined desorption temperature. Desorption heater 32 after reaching temperature
By making it smaller than the input, it is possible to suppress ignition and increase the regeneration rate of the adsorbent 30.

[0023]

As is apparent from the above description,
According to the plastic processing apparatus of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. In other words, by compressing plastic waste with air pressure while heating and softening it, the volume of the waste is greatly reduced with a simple configuration and operation, and the gas containing malodorous components generated from the waste is also deodorized during heating and compression. Depending on the part, it can be purified. Also, the adsorbent in the deodorizing section can be regenerated, and it becomes unnecessary to replace it.
Furthermore, since the processing at the time of purification and the processing at the time of regeneration of the adsorbent are temporally separated, a large flow rate of gas is treated by the adsorbent at the time of purification,
Since a small amount of gas can be desorbed from the adsorbent at the time of regeneration and can be oxidized by the catalyst, the catalyst and the adsorbent can be downsized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a plastic processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a deodorizing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a conventional plastic processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 8 Bag Body 9 Waste Storage Container Body 10 Bottom of Waste Storage Container 12 Heater 13 Circulation Fan 22 Decompressor 24 Deodorizing Section 26 Shutoff Valve 30 Adsorbent 31 Catalyst 32 Desorption Heater

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location B01D 53/81 B65F 1/00 S B09B 3/00 ZAB

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A waste storage container having a variable inner volume for storing plastic waste, a hot air generating part for heating the plastic waste, and the waste storage container after heating the plastic waste to a predetermined temperature in the hot air generating part. A compression mechanism that reduces the internal volume of the adsorbent, an adsorbent that deodorizes the gas exhausted from the refuse storage container when the compression mechanism operates, a heater that heats the adsorbent, and a gas that is separated from the adsorbent. When the plastic waste is compressed, the heater is de-energized to adsorb the gas with the adsorbent, and when the adsorbent is regenerated, the heater is energized to remove the gas separated from the adsorbent. A plastic waste treatment device characterized by being oxidized by the catalyst. 2. The plastic waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is heated by another heater or the heater. 3. An air inflow section having a shutoff valve is provided on the upstream side of the deodorization section, the shutoff valve is closed when the plastic dust is compressed, and the exhaust gas is deodorized by an adsorbent in the deodorization section,
When the adsorbent is regenerated, the shutoff valve is opened, air is sucked from the air inflow part, and the adsorbent is heated,
The plastic waste treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the gas desorbed from the adsorbent is oxidized by a catalyst in the deodorizing section. 4. The plastic waste according to claim 1, wherein the heater input after the adsorbent regeneration is started and before the predetermined desorption temperature is reached is smaller than the heater input after the predetermined desorption temperature is reached. Processing equipment. 5. An outer cylinder having a gas inlet at one end, an inner cylinder having openings at both ends inserted into the outer cylinder from the inlet direction, and a counterflow path formed by the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. An adsorbent provided in the inner cylinder, a catalyst provided at a predetermined distance downstream of the adsorbent, a heat exchange section provided downstream of the catalyst, and the catalyst heated from the outer circumference of the inner cylinder. A heater is provided, and gas is introduced in the order of the inlet, the heat exchange section outer circumference, the heater outer circumference, the adsorbent inside, the inner cylinder between the adsorbent and the catalyst, the catalyst inside, and the heat exchange section inner circumference. When passing and purifying, the heater is de-energized to adsorb the gas with the adsorbent, and when the adsorbent is regenerated, the heater is energized to oxidize the gas separated from the adsorbent with the catalyst. Deodorizing device.