JPH08232989A - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent rolling-over of a sprag by providing a regulating part to avoid excessive autorotation on a retainer interposing the sprag by way of arranging a large number of pins in the circumferential direction and connecting its both end parts to a side plate. CONSTITUTION: A large number of sprags 12 are held between a rotating side outer race 10 and a fixed side inner race 11 with specified intervals by a retainer 15, and each of the sprags is energized to autorotate in the engaging direction by a ring return spring 21. Both end parts of the retainer 15 are connected to each other by way of arranging a large number of pins 17 between side plates 16, 16 in the circumferential direction. Inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the sprags 12 make contact with inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the races 10, 11 with pressure and are engaged with them by rotation of the outer race 10 in the counterclockwise direction, and pressure contact engagement is released by rotation of the race 10 in the clockwise direction. Hereby, a large load is applied on the sprags 12, and when an autorotation angle in the engaging direction becomes specified quantity, a collision piece 14 collides against a regulating part 18 of the pin 17, revolution of more than it is avoided, and rolling-over is prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a one-way clutch in which a large number of sprags are interposed between an outer race and an inner race, and the operation of the sprags transmits torque in one direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional technique, there is one shown in FIGS. In FIG. 6, 1 is an outer race attached to the rotating side of a stator boss or the like, 2 is an inner race attached to the fixed side of a case or the like, and a retainer 3 is arranged between them to arrange them at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. A large number of sprags 4 are interposed. The retainer 3 is
A sheet metal material is punched and drawn by a pressing machine to form rectangular window holes 3a at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction in a short tubular main body, and the outer peripheral end portion of the sprag 4 is formed by each window hole 3a. Is retained so that it can rotate.

A groove 5 extending in the circumferential direction is formed on the inner peripheral side of each of the sprags 4, and a ring-shaped return spring 6 of a coil spring is fitted into the groove 5 so that each of the sprags 4 is radially outside. It urges it toward you. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, washer-shaped side plates 7 and 8 are arranged on both sides of the retainer 3 and the sprag 4, and are fitted between the outer race 1 and the inner race 2, and the outer race 1 and the inner race 2 are connected to each other. Are held concentrically.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned conventional one, when the outer race 1 rotates to the left in FIG. 6 and each sprag 4 rotates in the engaging direction, that is, to the left, it is specified by a machining error or the like. When the sprag 4, for example, the central sprag 4a in FIG. 6 rotates faster in the arrow (A) direction than the other sprags 4b, the forward end of the central sprag 4a, that is, the left end 4a-1 is the end of the window 3a of the retainer 3. There was a defect that the retainer 3 was damaged by colliding with the edge 3b (rear end).
Also, when a large load is applied to the sprag 4,
The rotation angle in the arrow (a) direction exceeds a predetermined value, the sprag 4 becomes unrecoverable (rollover), and the function as the one-way clutch is lost. Further, as a low load specification model, if the pitch of each sprag 4 is increased and the number of sprags 4 is reduced, the return springs 6 are deformed radially outward between the sprags 4 and the proper load of the sprags 4 is obtained. There was a defect that it could not be maintained.
Further, the holding force of the sprag 4 by the coil spring 6 is weak and the sprag 4 is inadvertently disengaged from the retainer 3 in the axial direction at the time of assembling, which makes it difficult to smoothly assemble. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a novel one-way clutch that overcomes the above drawbacks.

[0005]

The present invention is configured as follows to achieve the above object. That is, a large number of sprags between the outer race and the inner race,
In a one-way clutch having a retainer that holds each sprag so that it can rotate at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction, and a return spring that biases each sprag to rotate in the engaging direction,
The front and rear surfaces in the circumferential direction of the body of the sprag are formed into arc surfaces centering on the rotation center of the sprag, and the retainer concentrically faces a pair of washer-shaped side plates,
A large number of pins are arranged between the side plates at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction, and both ends of the pins are connected to the side plates. A restricting portion is provided which is brought into contact with the pin and prevents the sprag from further rotating in the engaging direction when the rotating end of the sprag collides with the pin when the sprag rotates a predetermined amount in the engaging direction. It is configured. Each of the pins has a contact portion that protrudes forward and rearward in the circumferential direction, and a restricting portion that protrudes in a direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction between the contact portions. It is preferable that the front and rear surfaces in the circumferential direction are brought into contact with each other, and when the sprag rotates a predetermined amount in the engaging direction, the rotating end of the sprag collides with the restricting portion. In addition, the front and rear surfaces of the body of the sprag, which are slightly closer to the axial center than the maximum width in the circumferential direction, are brought into contact with the pins, and a return spring formed in a ring shape is used to move each sprag from the outer circumferential direction in the axial direction. It is advisable that the sprags are pushed to rotate in the engaging direction.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a one-way clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a state in which a sprag collides with a restriction portion, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. .
In FIG. 1, A is a one-way clutch, in which a large number of metal sprags 12 are interposed between an outer race 10 mounted on the rotating side of a stator boss or the like and an inner race 11 mounted on the fixed side of a case or the like. The respective sprags 12 are retained by the retainer 15 in the circumferential direction at a predetermined pitch, and the ring-shaped return springs 21 bias the respective sprags 12 in the engaging direction, that is, in the counterclockwise direction (a) in FIG.

Each of the sprags 12 has a front surface 1 of its body.
The groove 2a (left surface in FIG. 1) and the rear surface 12b (right surface in FIG. 1) are formed in an arcuate surface having radii R1 and R2 centered on the rotation center O1 of the sprag 12, and extend circumferentially in the circumferential direction. And the bottom of the bottom edge 1
3a (counterclockwise side) is tilted so as to be radially outward from the right end 13b (clockwise side). Further, a collision piece 14 protruding rearward is formed on the inner peripheral portion of each sprag 12. As shown in FIG. 2, when the rotation angle of the sprag 12 in the engagement direction (arrow (A) direction) reaches a predetermined amount, the collision piece 14 has a restricting portion 18 of a pin 17 on the rear side, which will be described later. Collided with
This is for preventing further rotation in the arrow (A) direction. The collision piece 14 is projected forward to the outer peripheral portion of each sprag 12, as shown by the phantom line in FIG.
You may make it collide with the control part 18 of the pin 17 of the front part side.

Each of the sprags 12 is an outer race 10
Due to the rotation in the counterclockwise direction, the height in the radial direction increases when rotating in the counterclockwise direction (a) about the rotation center O1, and the outer peripheral surface 12c and the inner peripheral surface 12d of the inner peripheral surface of the outer race 10 become Surface 10a and outer peripheral surface 11 of the inner race 11
When the outer race 10 is rotated in the clockwise direction (a) about the rotation center O1 due to the clockwise rotation (idling direction) of the outer race 10, the height of the outer race 10 is lowered and the outer race 10 and The pressure contact engagement with the inner race 11 is released. And each groove 1
3 is fitted with a return spring 21 having a coil spring in a ring shape, and the left end 1 of the groove 13 is
The sprags 12 are rotated in the counterclockwise direction (a), that is, in the engaging direction around the rotation center O1 by the reaction force of the return spring 21 at the initial stage.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the retainer 15 has a pair of side plates 16 and 16 facing left and right concentrically, and a large number of pins 17 are circumferentially arranged between the side plates 16 and 16. It is arranged at a predetermined pitch in the direction and both ends thereof are connected to the side plates 16, 16. The side plates 16 and 16 are formed into a washer shape by punching out a steel plate material so that the outer circumference approaches the inner circumferential surface 10a of the outer race 10 and the inner circumference approaches the outer circumferential surface 11a of the inner race 11. Side plate 1
As shown in FIG. 5, wing nut-shaped pin holes 16a formed by continuously forming narrow holes on both sides in the circumferential direction of a circular hole are formed at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction at the center of the radial direction of 6,6. Dawn

As shown in FIG. 4, the pin 17 is made of the same metal as that of the sprag 12 and has a cylindrical restricting portion 18 whose upper and lower surfaces are cut, and a left and right end protruding from the restricting portion 18 in the left and right direction. A plate-shaped contact portion 1 having a circular arc surface
9 and 19 are integrally formed, and locking portions 20 with step portions 20a are formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the locking portions 20 are provided on the side plates 16, 16 respectively. The pin hole 16a of the side plate 16a, and the step portion 20a is brought into contact with the inner surfaces of the side plates 16 and 16 to keep the distance between the side plates 16 and 16 at a predetermined value.
The ends of 0 are caulked or welded to integrally connect the two.

As shown in FIG. 1, the pins 17 are arranged along the straight axis of the locus circle C passing through the rotation center O1 of the sprags 12 and have a circumferential interval L1 of the sprags 12. The body portion, that is, the front and rear surfaces 12a, 12b is formed to be slightly smaller than the maximum width L in the circumferential direction, and the sprag 12 fitted from the outer peripheral side is prevented from slipping out in the axial direction. Then, the return spring 21 is fitted into the groove 13 of each sprag 12 from the outer peripheral side, and each sprag 12 is sandwiched by the reaction force of the return spring 21 and the pin 17 to form a unit, and the outer race 10 and the inner race 11 are connected. Facilitates assembly between the two.

According to the above-described embodiment, the front surface 12a and the rear surface 12b of the body of each sprag 12 are formed into an arc surface centering on the rotation center O1 of the sprag 12, and the sprags 12 are arranged in the circumferential direction. Pin 17 to each sprag 12
Since the sprags 12 are arranged along the locus circle C passing through the rotation center O1, even if the sprags 12 rotate irregularly due to machining errors or the like, the retainer 15 or the pin 17 does not attack.

Further, when a large load is applied to the sprag 12 and the rotation angle in the engaging direction (arrow (A) direction) reaches a predetermined amount, the collision piece 14 of the sprag 12 causes the pin 17 to move.
When the sprag 12 collides against the restriction portion 18 and is prevented from further rotating in the arrow (A) direction, rollover of the sprag 12 is prevented. Further, as a low load specification model, when the pitch of each sprag 12 is increased to reduce the number of sprags 12, the pins 17 support the return springs 21 located between the sprags 12, and the return springs 21 are used. The proper load of each sprag 12, that is, the operation is smoothly maintained.

Further, the inner peripheral side of each sprag 12 is held by a pin 17 having high strength, and the return spring 21 is fitted into the groove 13 formed on the outer peripheral side of each sprag 12, and the return spring 21 and the pin 17 are fitted. And each sprag 1
Since it is designed to hold 2, each sprag 1
2 does not carelessly move in the axial direction, and the work for assembling between the outer race 10 and the inner race 11 can be performed easily and quickly.

[0015]

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the operation becomes smooth and the retainer has high durability. In addition, the one-way clutch can be easily assembled.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a one-way clutch showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a state in which a sprag collides with a restriction portion.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a pin showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a main part of a side plate showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional side view of a one-way clutch showing a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A one-way clutch 10 outer race 10a inner peripheral surface 11 inner race 11a outer peripheral surface 12 sprag 12a front surface 12b rear surface 12c outer peripheral surface 12d inner peripheral surface 13 groove 13a left end 13b right end 14 collision piece 15 retainer 16 side plate 16a pin hole 17 pin 18 Part 19 Contact part 20 Locking part 20a Step part 21 Return spring L, L1, Interval O1 Rotation center C Rotation circle passing through rotation center O1

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A large number of sprags between an outer race and an inner race, a retainer that holds each sprag so that it can rotate in a circumferential direction at a predetermined pitch, and a return spring that biases each sprag to rotate in the engaging direction. In the one-way clutch having, the front and rear surfaces in the circumferential direction of the body portion of the sprag are formed into arc surfaces centering on the rotation center of the sprag, and the retainer confronts a pair of washer-shaped side plates concentrically. A plurality of pins are arranged between the side plates in the circumferential direction at a predetermined pitch, and both ends thereof are connected to the side plates. The retainer is provided with the sprags and the front and rear sides in the circumferential direction. Contact the surface with the pin,
When the sprag rotates a predetermined amount in the engaging direction, a rotating end portion of the sprag collides with the pin and a regulating portion is provided to prevent the sprag from further rotating in the engaging direction. One way clutch. 2. Each of the pins has a contact portion that projects forward and rearward in the circumferential direction, and a restricting portion that projects between the contact portions in a direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction. The contact portion is brought into contact with the front and rear surfaces in the circumferential direction of the sprag, and when the sprag rotates a predetermined amount in the engaging direction, the rotating end portion of the sprag collides with the restriction portion. One-way clutch. 3. The front and rear surfaces of the body of the sprag, which are slightly axially closer than the maximum width in the circumferential direction, are brought into contact with the pins, and a return spring formed in a ring shape causes each sprag to move from the outer peripheral side. 3. The one-way clutch according to claim 1, wherein the sprags are pressed in the axial direction to urge the sprags to rotate in the engaging direction.