JP5618448B2 - Clutch device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a clutch device that transmits rotation in a fixed direction, and more particularly to a clutch device that can perform transmission of rotation in a fixed direction and switching between cutoffs as necessary.

  As a clutch device that transmits rotation in a certain direction, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses an inner ring and an outer ring, a plurality of sprags arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction between the inner and outer rings, and inner and outer portions of these sprags. A clutch device is disclosed that includes an inner cage and an outer cage for respectively holding the inner cage and the outer cage. In the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, the inner ring and the outer ring rotate relative to each other in one direction, whereby the sprags engage between the inner and outer rings to transmit power, and the inner ring and the outer ring rotate relative to each other in the other direction. As a result, the sprag is disengaged and the transmission of power is interrupted.

JP 2007-92870 A

  However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, when the inner ring and the outer ring rotate relative to each other in one direction, the sprags are engaged between the inner and outer rings, so that power is always transmitted. Thus, when the inner ring and the outer ring are relatively rotated in one direction, the transmission of power cannot be cut off. That is, there is a problem in that rotation transmission in a fixed direction and switching between cutoffs cannot be performed as necessary.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a clutch device that can perform transmission of rotation in a certain direction and switching between interruptions as necessary.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

According to the clutch device of the first aspect, the load is applied to at least one of the inner cage and the outer cage by the load applying device, and the inner cage and the outer cage are relatively moved around the axis. As a result, the sprags held by the inner cage and the outer cage are tilted between the opposed inner and outer rings according to the applied load. On the other hand, since at least one of the inner cage and the outer cage is urged by the urging member in the direction opposite to the relative movement direction of the inner cage and the outer cage, the inner ring can be driven by driving the load applying device. The engagement and disengagement of the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engagement surface of the sprag can be switched. As a result, there is an effect that the transmission of rotation in a certain direction and the switching of the cutoff can be performed as necessary.
In addition, loads are transmitted to the inner cage and the outer cage by the first rotating unit and the second rotating unit that rotate about the axis, respectively. Engaging elements are engaged with the second rotating part and the first rotating part, and the first rotating part and the second rotating part are relatively moved around the axis by the load applying device being reciprocated in the axial direction. Is done. Since the sprag can be switched between engagement and disengagement with a simple configuration in which the engagement element is reciprocated, the apparatus configuration can be simplified.

  According to the clutch device of the second aspect, when the sprag is tilted by releasing the engagement between at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring or the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engaging surface of the sprag, the sprag is held inside. And further tilting is restricted. As a result, when the sprag is sandwiched between the inner holder and the outer holder, further relative movement of the inner holder and the outer holder holding the sprag is also restricted. Therefore, there is no need to provide a positioning member or the like for regulating the relative movement amount of the inner cage and the outer cage, and in addition to the effect of claim 1, there is an effect that the apparatus configuration can be simplified.

  According to the clutch device of the third aspect, the urging member applies the urging force so that the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring engage with the engagement surface of the sprag. When no load is applied by the device, the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring, the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, and the engagement surface of the sprag are engaged to transmit power. On the other hand, when a load is applied by the load applying device, the engagement between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engaging surface of the sprag is released, and transmission of power is interrupted. Thereby, in addition to the effect of claim 1 or 2, by releasing the application of the load, the engagement surface of the sprag can be quickly engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. There is an effect that it is possible to switch from a state where transmission is interrupted to a state where power is transmitted without time loss. Further, by applying a load by the load applying device, the engagement of the engagement surface of the sprag can be released from the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, and the transmission of power is cut off from the state where the power is transmitted. There is an effect that the state can be switched without time loss.

  According to the clutch device of the fourth aspect, when the sprags are tilted by releasing the engagement between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engagement surface of the sprag, Further relative movement of the cage and the outer cage is also restricted. Therefore, there is no need to provide a positioning member or the like for regulating the relative movement amount of the inner cage and the outer cage, and in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 3, there is an effect that the apparatus configuration can be simplified.

  According to the clutch device of the fifth aspect, when the sprag is tilted by releasing the engagement between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engaging surface of the sprag, The distance between the engaging surfaces is smaller than the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, and a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engaging surface of the sprag. As a result, the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engaging surface of the sprag are held in a non-contact state, and the engaging surface of the sprag slides on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. Is prevented. Thereby, in addition to the effect of Claim 2 or 4, there exists an effect which can suppress the drag torque which arises in the engaging surface of a sprag. Furthermore, since the engagement surface of the sprag is prevented from sliding on the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wear, heat generation, and the like.

  According to the clutch device of the sixth aspect, the sprag is inserted and held in a pocket formed in each of the inner cage and the outer cage, and the width of the sprag on the outer ring side in the rotational direction is It is set narrower than the width of the pocket formed in the cage in the rotational direction. Therefore, when assembling the clutch device, after placing the inner cage and the outer cage in which the pocket is formed, the end portion on the outer ring side of the sprag is inserted from the pocket of the inner cage, and the end portion is inserted into the outer cage. The sprags can be held in the inner holder and the outer holder. Thereby, in addition to the effect in any one of Claims 1-5, there exists an effect which can make the assembly operation | work which hold | maintains a sprag in an internal holder and an external holder easy.

It is a schematic diagram of a part of the clutch device according to the first embodiment. It is an axial sectional view of a clutch device. (A) is a partial exploded view of the clutch device, (b) is a schematic view showing the positional relationship between the first cam groove and the second cam groove and the engaging element, and (c) is the engaging element. It is a schematic diagram which shows the relationship between reciprocation and the relative movement of a 1st cam groove and a 2nd cam groove. (A) is a schematic diagram of the clutch device in which the inner ring and the outer ring and the sprag are engaged, (b) is a schematic diagram of the clutch device in which the engagement between the inner ring and the outer ring and the sprag is released, (c) FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a main part of a clutch device in which engagement between an inner ring and an outer ring and a sprag is released. (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the state which an inner ring | wheel, an outer ring | wheel, and a sprag engage in the clutch apparatus in 2nd Embodiment, (b) is the state by which engagement with the inner ring | wheel, the outer ring | wheel, and the sprag was cancelled | released. It is a schematic diagram which shows. It is an axial sectional view of a clutch device in a 3rd embodiment. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a part of the clutch device. (A) is a principal part schematic diagram of the clutch apparatus in 4th Embodiment, (b) is a principal part schematic diagram of 5th Embodiment, (c) is in 6th Embodiment. It is a principal part schematic diagram of a clutch apparatus, (d) is a principal part schematic diagram of the clutch apparatus in 7th Embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a part of the clutch device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the clutch device 1 includes an inner ring 2, an outer ring 3 surrounding the outer periphery of the inner ring 2, a plurality of sprags 4 disposed between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3, and the sprags 4. The inner retainer 5 and the outer retainer 6 are configured to retain the inner ring 2 side portion and the outer ring 3 side portion, respectively. Pockets 5 a and 6 a are formed in the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6, respectively. By inserting the end portions of the sprags 4 into the pockets 5 a and 6 a, the outer peripheral surface 2 a of the inner ring 2 and the inner ring 3 The sprag 4 is tiltably held in the accommodation space g between the facing surface 3a.

  Next, a detailed configuration of the clutch device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view of the clutch device 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the inner ring 2 includes an outer peripheral surface 2 a having a circular cross section, and is configured to be rotatable around an axis O. The inner ring 2 in the present embodiment is supported on a central shaft 7 formed in a columnar shape via a roller bearing B1. Since the inner ring 2 is provided with a gear 2b that rotates about the axis O in the axial direction (right side in FIG. 2), the rotation can be transmitted to the inner ring 2 via the gear 2b, and the rotation of the inner ring 2 causes the gear 2b to rotate. Is output via.

  The outer ring 3 includes an inner peripheral surface 3 a having a circular cross section facing the outer peripheral surface 2 a of the inner ring 2, and is configured to be rotatable around the axis O in the same manner as the inner ring 2. The outer ring 3 in the present embodiment is formed in a substantially annular shape and, as shown in FIG. 2, is supported by the case C through the ball bearing B2, and is supported by the central shaft 7 through the roller bearing B3. .

  The sprag 4 is a member that bears a function for restricting the relative rotation between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3, and includes engagement surfaces 4a and 4b (see FIG. 1) that are in contact with the outer peripheral surface 2a and the inner peripheral surface 3a, respectively. In the accommodation space g between the outer peripheral surface 2a and the inner peripheral surface 3a, a plurality are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  The inner cage 5 is a cylindrical member that holds a portion of the sprag 4 on the inner ring 2 side, and is supported on the axis O side of the first disk portion 8. The first disk portion 8 is a member formed in a disk shape that intersects with the direction of the axis O, and is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner ring 2 outside the accommodation space g. The first rotating portion 9 is a member formed in a cylindrical shape coaxial with the inner ring 2, extends in a direction parallel to the axis O from the outer periphery of the first disc portion 8, and is integrated with the inner cage 5. It is configured to be rotatable. In the present embodiment, the first rotating portion 9 is disposed to face the outer peripheral surface 2 a of the inner ring 2. Thereby, the length of the inner ring 2 and the first rotating part 9 in the axis O direction can be shortened, and the clutch device 1 can be downsized.

  The outer cage 6 is a cylindrical member that holds a portion of the sprag 4 on the outer ring 3 side, and is supported on the axis O side of the second disc portion 10 disposed facing the first disc portion 8. ing. The second disk portion 10 is a member formed in a disk shape that intersects the direction of the axis O, and is disposed outside the accommodation space g. The second rotating part 11 is a member formed in a cylindrical shape coaxial with the inner ring 2, is located between the outer peripheral surface 3 a of the outer ring 3 and the first rotating part 9, and is pivoted from the outer periphery of the second disk part 10. It extends in a direction parallel to the center O and is configured to be rotatable integrally with the outer cage 6. As for the 1st rotation part 9 and the 2nd rotation part 11, the 1st cam groove 9a and the 2nd cam groove 11a are penetrated by the surrounding surface in alignment with the axial center O direction, respectively. In the present embodiment, the first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 11 have portions that overlap each other along the direction of the axis O, and the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a are formed in the overlapping portions. Are formed obliquely.

  The load application device 20 includes an actuator 21 and a reciprocating unit 22. The actuator 21 is a power source that generates a load to be applied to the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6, and is fixed to the case C. The reciprocating part 22 is a part for transmitting the power of the actuator 21 to the inner holder 5 and the outer holder 6, and is arranged in parallel with the axis O. By driving the actuator 21, Reciprocated in parallel.

  The annular member 12 is an annular member disposed along the peripheral surface 9b of the first rotating portion 9, and the first engaging portion 12a formed in a series of grooves in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface. And is configured to be rotatable along the peripheral surface 9b of the first rotating portion 9. The first engaging portion 12a is a portion where the second engaging portion 22a protruding in the axial direction from the tip of the reciprocating portion 22 formed in an arm shape is engaged so as to be slidable in the circumferential direction. The annular member 12 includes an engagement element 13 that protrudes in the direction of the axis O. The engaging element 13 is inserted into the first cam groove 9 a that penetrates the first rotating part 9 and is engaged with the second cam groove 11 a that penetrates the second rotating part 11. In the present embodiment, a groove 3c is formed on the outer peripheral surface 3b of the outer ring 3 in parallel with the axis O, and the engaging element 13 is inserted into the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a while the tip is a groove. 3c is engaged.

  As described above, the engaging element 13 is engaged with the groove 3c, the first cam groove 9a, and the second cam groove 11a, so that when the outer ring 3 rotates around the axis O, it is formed on the outer peripheral surface 3b of the outer ring 3. The engaging element 13 and the annular member 12 engaged with the groove 3c are rotated around the axis O. Accordingly, the first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 11 in which the engagement element 13 is inserted in the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a are also rotated around the axis O, and the first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 9 The inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 that are integrated with the two rotating portions 11 and the sprags 4 held by these are rotated in the circumferential direction.

  Next, the clutch device 1 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 3A is a partial exploded view of the clutch device 1, and FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a and the engaging element 13. FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the reciprocation of the engagement element 13 and the relative movement of the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a are formed on the peripheral surfaces of the first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 11 in different shapes. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3B, each of the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a obliquely intersects a straight line L parallel to the axis O, and the actuator 21 (see FIG. 2). ) Are formed apart from each other (downward in FIG. 3B). As a result, when the actuator 21 is driven to move the reciprocating part 22 in a direction away from the actuator 21 (rightward in FIG. 3A), the second engaging part 22a (see FIG. 2) is engaged with the first engaging part 12a. As a result, the annular member 12 is moved in the direction away from the actuator 21 along the peripheral surface 9b of the first rotating portion 9, and the engaging element 13 protruding from the annular member 12 has the first cam groove 9a and the first 2 The cam groove 11a is moved away from the actuator 21.

  As described above, the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a are formed so as to be separated from each other as the distance from the actuator 21 (see FIG. 2) increases with respect to the straight line L parallel to the axis O. When the engaging element 13 moves through the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a in the direction away from the first cam groove 9a (downward in FIG. 3B), as shown in FIG. The portion 11 is relatively moved in the circumferential direction around the axis O (the arrow direction shown in FIG. 3C). When the actuator 21 is driven from this state and the engaging element 13 moves in the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a in a direction approaching the actuator 21 (upward in FIG. 3C), the first rotating portion 9 and the first rotating portion 9 2 The rotating part 11 is relatively moved in the opposite direction (counter arrow direction shown in FIG. 3C). Since the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are connected to the first rotating unit 9 and the second rotating unit 11, the inner cage 5 and the outer holding unit are moved as the first rotating unit 9 and the second rotating unit 11 move relative to each other. The vessel 6 is moved relative.

  Returning to FIG. In the present embodiment, a biasing member 14 (see FIGS. 2 and 3A) that biases the first disk portion 8 and the second disk portion 10 in the circumferential direction around the axis O is provided. The urging member 14 is formed of an annular torsion coil spring, and is disposed between the first disk portion 8 and the second disk portion 10 along the first disk portion 8 and the second disk portion 10. At the same time, both ends are respectively engaged with the first disk portion 8 and the second disk portion 10. The first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 11 are set so as to be urged by the urging member 14 in the direction opposite to the relative movement direction when the engagement element 13 moves in the direction away from the actuator 21. ing. Thereby, when the engaging element 13 is located near the actuator 21, the first rotating part 9 and the second rotating part 11 are maintained at predetermined positions by the urging force of the urging member 14 without driving the actuator 21. it can. Since the load applying device 20 only needs to be driven when the first rotating unit 9 and the second rotating unit 11 are relatively moved from this position, energy consumption required to drive the load applying device 20 can be suppressed.

  In addition, as shown to Fig.3 (a), the front-end | tip part 5b is inserted and fixed to the inner hole 5 in the locking hole 8a formed in the axial center side of the 1st disk part 8. As shown in FIG. Thereby, the assembly of the inner cage 5 can be facilitated. Further, after one end of the sprag 4 is inserted into the pocket 6a of the outer cage 6, the other end of the sprag 4 is inserted into the pocket 5a of the inner cage 5, and the tip 5b of the inner cage 5 is locked into the locking hole. By inserting in 8a, the holding | maintenance of the sprag 4 and the assembly of the inner holder | retainer 5 and the outer holder | retainer 6 can be performed simultaneously. Therefore, the assembly of the clutch device 1 can be facilitated.

  Further, the width W1 (see FIG. 1) in the rotation direction of the sprag 4 on the outer ring 3 side is set to be narrower than the width W2 in the rotation direction of the pocket 5a formed in the inner cage 5. Therefore, when the clutch device 1 is assembled by inserting the sprag 4 into the pockets 5a and 6a after the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are arranged, the width of the sprag 4 on the outer ring 3 side from the pocket 5a of the inner cage 5 is assembled. The end of W1 (see FIG. 1) can be inserted, and the end can be inserted into the pocket 6a of the outer cage 6 to hold the sprag 4 in the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6. Thereby, the assembly operation | work which hold | maintains the sprag 4 in the inner holder | retainer 5 and the outer holder | retainer 6 can be made easy.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4, transmission and interruption of the rotation of the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 by the sprag 4 will be described. FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of the clutch device 1 in which the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 are engaged with the sprag 4, and FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the engagement between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 and the sprag 4. FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram of a main part of the clutch device 1 in which the engagement between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 and the sprag 4 is released.

  As described above, when the engagement element 13 is located near the actuator 21 (see FIG. 2) (see FIG. 3B), the clutch device 1 does not drive the actuator 21 and does not drive the first rotating portion 9. And the 2nd rotation part 11 is maintained in a predetermined position with the urging | biasing force of the urging | biasing member 14. FIG. At this time, as shown in FIG. 4A, the inner retainer 5 and the outer retainer are held at positions where the engagement surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 are in contact with the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3. The positional relationship between the pockets 5a and 6a of the container 6 is determined. Further, the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a have a groove length (vertical direction in FIGS. 3B and 3C) and a width (FIG. 3B and FIG. Since a margin is provided in FIG. 3 (c), the sprag 4 is moved in the self-locking direction by the urging force of the urging member 14 (arrow B in FIG. 4 (a)) as shown in FIG. 4 (a). Tilt in the direction of arrow S in FIG. 4 (a), the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2, the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3, and the engaging surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 are engaged.

  In this state, when the outer ring 3 rotates relative to the inner ring 2 in the direction of the arrow Ro in FIG. 4A (hereinafter referred to as “lock direction”) as viewed from the inner ring 2 side, the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 Relative rotation is restricted, and rotation of the outer ring 3 is transmitted to the inner ring 2. Similarly, when the inner ring 2 rotates in the direction of the arrow Ri in FIG. 4A as viewed from the outer ring 3 side relative to the outer ring 3 (hereinafter referred to as “locking direction”), the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 The relative rotation is restricted, and the rotation of the inner ring 2 is transmitted to the outer ring 3.

  On the other hand, when the outer ring 3 rotates in the counter-arrow Ro direction (hereinafter referred to as “free direction”) in FIG. Tilt in the locking direction (counter arrow S direction in FIG. 4A), the engagement of the sprags 4 with the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 is released. As a result, the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 are relatively rotated, and transmission of the rotation of the outer ring 3 to the inner ring 2 is blocked. Similarly, when the inner ring 2 rotates in the counter arrow Ri direction (hereinafter referred to as “free direction”) in FIG. 4A when viewed from the outer ring 3 side by relative rotation with the outer ring 3, the sprag 4 is anti-self-locked. Since the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 are rotated relative to each other in the direction (counter arrow S direction in FIG. 4A), the transmission of the rotation of the inner ring 2 to the outer ring 3 is blocked.

  Further, even when the outer ring 3 rotates in the locking direction (the direction of the arrow Ro in FIG. 4 (a)) as viewed from the inner ring 2 side due to the relative rotation with the inner ring 2, the urging member 14 is applied by the load applying device 20 (see FIG. 2). The inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are relatively moved by applying a load (arrow L in FIG. 4 (b)) against the urging force, and the sprags 4 inserted into the pockets 5a and 6a are anti-self-locked. Tilt in the direction (counter arrow direction in FIG. 4A). Thereby, engagement with the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring | wheel 2, the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring | wheel 3, and the engagement surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 can be cancelled | released. Similarly, even when the inner ring 2 rotates in the locking direction (in the direction of arrow Ri in FIG. 4A) as viewed from the outer ring 3 side by relative rotation with the outer ring 3, the load applying device 20 applies the urging force of the urging member 14 to the urging force. By applying a resisting load (arrow L in FIG. 4 (b)), the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are moved relative to each other, and the sprag 4 is in the anti-self-locking direction (in FIG. 4 (a) the counter-arrow direction). Tilted. Thereby, engagement with the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring | wheel 2, the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring | wheel 3, and the engagement surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 can be cancelled | released.

  Further, when the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2, the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 and the engagement surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 is released and the sprag 4 is tilted, as shown in FIG. The sprags 4 adjacent to each other come into contact with each other at the contact point P, and further tilting of the sprags 4 is restricted. As a result, further relative movement of the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 that sandwich the sprag 4 is also restricted. Therefore, there is no need to provide a positioning member or the like that regulates the relative movement amount of the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6, and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.

  Further, when the sprag 4 is tilted and the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 and the engaging surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 is released, it is shown in FIG. As described above, the distance l2 between the engagement surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 in the radial direction of the outer ring 3 is smaller than the distance l1 between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3, and A gap is formed between the surface 2 a and the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the outer ring 3 and the engagement surfaces 4 a and 4 b of the sprag 4. Thereby, drag torque generated on the engagement surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the engagement surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 are prevented from sliding on the outer peripheral surface 2a and the inner peripheral surface 3a, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wear or heat generation.

  Further, a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 and the engagement surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 so that the inner ring 2 is locked (direction Ri in FIG. 4 (b)). ), The contact between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the engagement surface 4a of the sprag 4 is reliably prevented, and transmission of power by the sprag 4 can be reliably interrupted.

  According to the clutch device 1 in the first embodiment configured as described above, a contact load is applied to the first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 11 by the load applying device 20 and is interlocked with the contact load. Since the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are relatively moved around the axis O, the material of the member and the like are compared with those in which the cage is relatively moved around the axis without contact by magnetic force as in the prior art. It is possible to make it difficult to receive restrictions on the arrangement of parts, to ensure the degree of design freedom, and to reliably move the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 around the axis O, and to transmit rotation and The certainty of the switching of the interruption can be improved.

  Further, the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a formed on the peripheral surfaces of the first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 11 are engaged with the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a. In addition, since the engaging element 13 is configured to be rotatable in a plane intersecting the axis O, when the inner holder 5 and the outer holder 6 are rotated around the axis O, the engaging element 13 is interlocked. Thus, the first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 11 are rotated about the axis O in a state where the engaging element 13 is engaged with the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a. When the engagement element 13 is reciprocated along the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a formed in different shapes, the inner retainer 5 and the outer retainer 6 are interlocked with the reciprocation of the engagement element 13. Is relatively moved around the axis O, and as a result, the engagement and disengagement of the sprag 4 with respect to the outer peripheral surface 2a and the inner peripheral surface 3a are switched. As described above, since the engagement and disengagement of the sprag 4 can be switched with a simple configuration in which the engagement element 13 is reciprocated in the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a, the device configuration can be simplified.

  Further, since the engaging element 13 is engaged with the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a formed in the first rotating part 9 and the second rotating part 11, the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove The movement of the engagement element 13 is restricted by 11a. As a result, even when the first rotating part 9 and the second rotating part 11 rotate at high speed, it is possible to follow the relative movement of the outer retainer 5 and the inner retainer 6 with the back and forth movement of the engagement element 13, and quick switching. Is possible.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are relatively moved by the biasing force of the biasing member 14 (arrow B in FIG. 4A), the sprag 4 is moved to the inner ring 2. And the outer ring 3 is engaged, and further relative movement of the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 is restricted. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are relatively moved by the load of the load applying device 20 (arrow L in FIG. 4B), and the inner ring 2, the outer ring 3 and the sprag 4 are moved. When the engagement with is released, the sprags 4 come into contact with each other at the contact point P, and further relative movement of the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 is restricted. Thereby, the relative position of the 1st rotation part 9 and the 2nd rotation part 11 respectively connected with the inner holder | retainer 5 and the outer holder | retainer 6 is also determined by the engagement or contact | abutting of the sprags 4. FIG. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the need for accuracy such as positioning with respect to the engaging element 13 that relatively moves the first rotating part 9 and the second rotating part 11. Since the engagement element 13 may be a mechanism that applies a load to the first rotation unit 9 and the second rotation unit 11 by reciprocating, the device configuration can be simplified.

  Further, the first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 11 have portions that overlap each other along the direction of the axis O, and the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a are formed at the portions, and the first The first cam groove 9 a and the second cam groove 11 a are penetrated by the first rotating part 9 and the second rotating part 11. Since the engagement element 13 is inserted into the first cam groove 9a and the second cam groove 11a, the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are relatively moved around the axis O by the reciprocation of one engagement element 13. Can be made. Thereby, the apparatus configuration can be further simplified.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, the urging member 14 urges the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 in one direction, but the sprag 4 itself is in a self-locking direction (the direction of arrow S in FIG. 4A) or anti-self. The case where the urging member for urging in the locking direction (the counter arrow S direction in FIG. 4A) is not provided has been described. In contrast, in the second embodiment, a case will be described in which a biasing member 114 that biases the sprag 4 in the self-locking direction or the anti-self-locking direction is provided.

  FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram showing a state where the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 are engaged with the sprag 4 in the clutch device 101 according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a diagram showing the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state by which engagement with the sprags 4 was cancelled | released. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the part same as 1st Embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, a load applying device 20 (see FIG. 2) is provided, and the load applying device 20 moves the engaging member 13 back and forth to move the first rotating portion 9 and the second rotating portion 11 relative to each other, thereby holding the inner cage 5 and the outer holding device. Since the configuration for relatively moving the device 6 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is also omitted.

  The urging member 114 is a member that is engaged with a predetermined portion of the sprag 4 and urges the sprag 4 itself in a self-locking direction or an anti-self-locking direction. In the present embodiment, the urging member 114 is constituted by a ribbon spring, and the sprag 4 is engaged with the outer peripheral surface 2 a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the outer ring 3 so that the engaging surfaces 4 a and 4 b of the sprag 4 are engaged. Energize. As a result, when the engaging element 13 is positioned near the actuator 21 (see FIG. 2) (see FIG. 3B), the sprag 4 does not drive the actuator 21, but the sprag 4 can 5 (a) is tilted in the self-locking direction according to arrow B), and the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2, the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3, and the engaging surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 are engaged.

  In this state, relative rotation between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 is restricted when the outer ring rotates in the locking direction (in the direction of the arrow Ro in FIG. 5A) as viewed from the inner ring 2 side relative to the inner ring 2. The rotation of the outer ring 3 is transmitted to the inner ring 2. Similarly, relative rotation between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 is restricted when the inner ring 2 rotates in the locking direction (in the direction of the arrow Ri in FIG. 5A) as viewed from the outer ring 3 side by relative rotation with the outer ring 3. The rotation of the inner ring 2 is transmitted to the outer ring 3.

  Further, even when the outer ring 3 rotates in the locking direction (the direction of the arrow Ro in FIG. 5A) as viewed from the inner ring 2 side due to the relative rotation with the inner ring 2, the urging member 114 is applied by the load applying device 20 (see FIG. 2). By applying a load (arrow L in FIG. 5B) against the urging force (arrow B in FIG. 5A), the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are moved relative to each other, and the sprag 4 is made anti-self. By tilting in the locking direction, the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2 a of the inner ring 2, the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the outer ring 3 and the engaging surfaces 4 a and 4 b of the sprag 4 can be released as shown in FIG. Similarly, even when the inner ring 2 rotates in the locking direction (in the direction of arrow Ri in FIG. 5A) as viewed from the outer ring 3 side due to the relative rotation with the outer ring 3, the load applying device 20 applies the urging force ( By applying a load (arrow L in FIG. 5 (b)) that opposes FIG. 5 (a), the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 are moved relative to each other, and the sprag 4 is tilted in the anti-self-lock direction. Thus, the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2 a of the inner ring 2, the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the outer ring 3, and the engagement surfaces 4 a and 4 b of the sprag 4 can be released.

  According to the clutch device 101 in the second embodiment configured as described above, the urging member 114 that is engaged with a predetermined portion of the sprag 4 is provided, and the sprag 4 is urged in the self-locking direction. Even when the dimensional tolerance of the pockets 5a, 6a (see FIG. 1) of the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 and the sprag 4 is larger than the dimensional tolerance in the clutch device 1 of the first embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and The engagement surfaces 4 a and 4 b of the sprag 4 can be reliably engaged with the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the outer ring 3 by the urging force of the urging member 114. Thereby, the dimensional tolerance of the pockets 5a and 6a and the sprags 4 of the inner cage 5 and the outer cage 6 can be relaxed.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the first embodiment, the case where the rotation centers of the first rotating part 9 and the second rotating part 11 are formed coaxially with the axis O of the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 has been described. On the other hand, in the third embodiment, a case will be described in which the rotation centers of the first rotation unit 209 and the second rotation unit 211 are formed in parallel with the axis O of the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3. FIG. 6 is an axial sectional view of the clutch device 201 according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a partial exploded view of the clutch device 201. Note that the same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  The inner cage 205 is a cylindrical member that holds a portion of the sprag 4 on the inner ring 2 side, and protrudes in a direction parallel to the axis O from the axis O side of the first disk portion 208 as shown in FIG. It is installed. The pocket 205a formed in the inner holder 205 has one edge (left side in FIG. 7) removed. Thereby, when the clutch device 201 is assembled, the sprag 4 can be inserted into the inner holder 205 from the removed edge, so that the assembly can be facilitated. The first disk portion 208 has a pinion 208a formed on the outer periphery. Further, since the first disk portion 208 is restricted from rotating relative to the inner ring 2 by a pin (not shown), the inner cage 205 is rotated as the inner ring 2 rotates.

  The outer cage 206 is a cylindrical member that holds a portion of the sprag 4 on the outer ring 3 side, and protrudes in a direction parallel to the axis O from the axis O side of the second disk portion 210 as shown in FIG. It is installed. The second disk portion 210 is disposed facing the first disk portion 208, and a pinion 210a is formed on the outer periphery. Further, the first disk part 208 and the second disk part 210 are engaged with a biasing member 214 composed of a torsion coil spring, and a biasing force is applied so as to move the first disk part 208 and the second disk part 210 relative to each other. Is granted.

  The first pinion 231 and the second pinion 241 that mesh with the pinions 208 a and 210 a are rotatably supported by a parallel shaft 230 that is disposed in parallel with the central shaft 7. The first pinion 231 is integrally formed with a first rotating portion 232 that protrudes toward the second pinion 241 along the parallel axis 230. The first rotating portion 232 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a notch 232a is penetrated from the end portion to the peripheral surface in parallel with the parallel shaft 230.

  The second pinion 241 is integrally formed with a second rotating part 242 that protrudes on the opposite side of the first pinion 231 along the parallel axis 230. The second rotating part 242 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a larger diameter than the first rotating part 232, and a cam groove 242 a that obliquely intersects the parallel shaft 230 is penetrated from the end part to the peripheral surface. The 1st rotation part 232 and the 2nd rotation part 242 have a site | part which mutually overlaps along the parallel axis 230, and the notch part 232a and the cam groove 242a are formed in the site | part, respectively.

  The load applying device 220 includes an actuator 221 and a reciprocating unit 222. The actuator 221 is a power source that generates a load to be applied to the inner cage 205 and the outer cage 206, and is configured to be rotatable with respect to the parallel shaft 230 while being restricted from moving along the parallel shaft 230. The reciprocating unit 222 is a member for transmitting the power of the actuator 221 to the inner holder 205 and the outer holder 206, and is configured to be rotatable and reciprocating with respect to the parallel shaft 230, and drives the actuator 221. By this, it is reciprocated in parallel with the parallel shaft 230.

  In the present embodiment, the actuator 221 is composed of a solenoid, and the reciprocating part 222 is fixed to the tip of the plunger 223 that is reciprocated. An opening spring 224 that urges the reciprocating part 222 toward the first rotating part 232 and the second rotating part 242 is disposed between the actuator 221 and the reciprocating part 222. Accordingly, when the actuator 221 is energized, the plunger 223 is pulled in, the reciprocating part 222 approaches the actuator 221, and when the energization is released, the reciprocating part 222 is moved away from the actuator 221 by the release spring 224.

  The engagement element 213 is a part protruding from the reciprocating part 222 in the axial center Op direction of the parallel shaft 230, and is inserted into the cam groove 242a and engaged with the notch part 232a. As described above, since the inner cage 205 is rotated with the rotation of the inner ring 2, when the inner ring 2 rotates around the axis O, the rotation is transmitted to the first pinion 231 that meshes with the pinion 208a. Since the engaging element 213 is engaged with the cam groove 242a and the notch 232a, the rotation of the first pinion 231 is transmitted to the second pinion 241 via the engaging element 213, and the pinion 210a meshes with the second pinion 241. When transmitted, the outer cage 206 rotates at the same speed as the inner cage 205. Accordingly, the inner holder 205 and the outer holder 206 and the sprags 4 held by the inner holder 205 and the outer holder 206 are rotated in the circumferential direction together with the inner ring 3.

  Next, operations of the first rotating unit 232 and the second rotating unit 242 accompanying the back and forth movement of the engagement element 213 (reciprocating unit 222) will be described. As described above, the cam groove 242 a is formed so as to be oblique to the parallel shaft 230, and the notch 232 a is formed in a direction parallel to the parallel shaft 230. Accordingly, when the engagement element 213 reciprocates along the parallel axis 230 in parallel with the parallel axis 230, the second rotating part 242 in which the cam groove 242 a is formed moves around the parallel axis 230 with respect to the first rotating part 232. It is moved relative. Along with this relative movement, the phases of the inner holder 205 and the outer holder 206 are displaced.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the phase (relative position) between the inner holder 205 and the outer holder 206 is such that the energization of the actuator 221 of the load applying device 220 is released and the reciprocating unit 222 is actuated by the release spring 224. When moving away from 221, the engaging surfaces 4 a and 4 b of the sprag 4 are engaged with the outer peripheral surface 2 a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3 a of the outer ring 3 by the relative movement of the second rotating unit 242 with respect to the first rotating unit 232. Is set to Further, the urging force by the urging member 214 is set so as to assist the relative movement of the second rotating part 242 with respect to the first rotating part 232 when the engaging element 213 (reciprocating part 222) moves away from the actuator 221. ing. As a result, when the energization of the actuator 221 is released and the engaging element 213 (reciprocating part 222) moves away from the actuator 221, the spurs are applied to the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 by the biasing force of the biasing member 214. The four engaging surfaces 4a and 4b are engaged.

  On the other hand, when the actuator 221 is energized and the plunger 223 is pulled against the urging force of the urging member 214, and the engaging element 213 (reciprocating part 222) approaches the actuator 221, the inside of the cam groove 242 a is engaged in the engaging element. As the 213 moves, the phases of the inner holder 205 and the outer holder 206 are displaced. As a result, the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 and the engaging surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 is released.

  According to the clutch device 201 in the third embodiment configured as described above, a load is applied to the pinions 208a and 210a via the first rotating portion 232 and the second rotating portion 242 disposed on the parallel shaft 230. Then, since the relative positions of the inner holder 205 and the outer holder 206 are displaced, the rotation radii of the first rotating part 232 and the second rotating part 242 are made smaller than those in the first and second embodiments. be able to. As a result, the clutch device 201 can be reduced in size. In addition, since the rotation radii of the first rotation unit 232 and the second rotation unit 242 can be reduced, friction caused by sliding contact between the first rotation unit 232 and the second rotation unit 242 can also be reduced.

  Next, the fourth to seventh embodiments will be described with reference to FIG. In the first to third embodiments, when the sprag 4 is tilted to disengage the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 from the sprag 4, the sprags 4 come into contact with each other, and the sprag 4 is further tilted. The case where it is regulated was explained. In contrast, in the fourth to seventh embodiments, when the sprags are tilted to disengage the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 from the sprags, the sprags are held between the inner cage and the outer cage. The case where the tilting of the sprag is further restricted will be described.

  FIG. 8A is a schematic diagram of the main part of the clutch device 301 in the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 8B is a schematic diagram of the main part of the clutch device 401 in the fifth embodiment. ) Is a schematic diagram of a main part of the clutch device 501 in the sixth embodiment, and FIG. 8D is a schematic diagram of a main part of the clutch device 601 in the seventh embodiment. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part same as 1st Embodiment, and the following description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, in the clutch device 301 in the fourth embodiment, the sprag 304 is tilted by the inner holders 305a and 305b and the outer holders 306a and 306b, and the engagement surfaces 304a and 304b of the sprag 304 are When the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 is released, the sprag 304 contacts the outer retainer 306a at the contact P1, and contacts the inner retainer 305b at the contact P2. Thereby, the sprag 304 is clamped by the inner holder 305b and the outer holder 306a, and further tilting is restricted.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, in the clutch device 401 according to the fifth embodiment, the sprag 404 is tilted by the inner cages 405a and 405b and the outer cages 406a and 406b, and the engagement surfaces 404a and 404b of the sprag 404 When the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 is released, the sprag 404 contacts the outer cages 406a and 406b at the contacts P1 and P2, and contacts the inner cage 405b at the contact P3. . As a result, the sprag 404 is held between the inner holder 405b and the outer holders 406a and 406b, and further tilting is restricted.

  As shown in FIG. 8C, in the clutch device 501 in the sixth embodiment, the sprag 504 is tilted by the inner cages 505a and 505b and the outer cages 506a and 506b, and the engagement surfaces 504a and 504b of the sprag 504 When the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 is released, the sprag 504 contacts the outer cage 506a at the contact P1, and contacts the inner cage 505b at the contact P2. As a result, the sprag 504 is held between the inner holder 505b and the outer holder 506a, and further tilting is restricted.

  As shown in FIG. 8D, in the clutch device 601 according to the seventh embodiment, the sprag 604 is tilted by the inner cages 605a and 605b and the outer cages 606a and 606b, and the engagement surfaces 604a and 604b of the sprag 604 and When the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 is released, the sprag 604 contacts the outer retainer 606a at the contact P1, and contacts the inner retainers 605a and 605b at the contacts P2 and P3. . As a result, the sprag 604 is held between the inner holders 605a and 605b and the outer holder 606a, and further tilting is restricted.

  In the fourth embodiment to the seventh embodiment, the sprag is sandwiched between the inner cage and the outer cage, and further tilting is restricted, so that as described in the first embodiment, It is not necessary to provide a positioning member or the like for restricting the relative movement amount of the cage and the outer cage, the first rotating parts 9 and 232, and the second rotating parts 11 and 242, and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.

  The present invention has been described above based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It can be easily guessed. For example, the numerical values and shapes given in the above embodiment are merely examples, and other numerical values and shapes can naturally be adopted.

  In each of the above embodiments, the biasing force is applied so that the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 and the engagement surfaces 4a, 4b of the sprag 4 are engaged by the biasing members 14, 114, 214. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the engagement between the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner ring 2 and the inner peripheral surface 3a of the outer ring 3 and the engaging surfaces 4a and 4b of the sprag 4 is released. It is also possible to apply an urging force as described above. Also in this case, it is possible to switch between power transmission and transmission cancellation by applying a load against the urging force of the urging members 14, 114, 214 by the load applying devices 20, 220. In addition, without disposing the urging members 14, 114, 214, the load applying devices 20, 220 are driven to switch the direction in which the load is applied, so that the inner retainers 5, 205 and the outer retainers 6, 206 are switched. It is possible to switch between power transmission and transmission cancellation by changing the relative positions.

  Although the case where the actuator 221 is configured by a solenoid has been described in the third embodiment, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and other power sources can naturally be employed. Examples of other power sources include a pneumatic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder.

  In the second embodiment, the case where the urging member 114 is configured by a ribbon spring has been described. However, the urging member 114 is not necessarily limited to this, and other urging members can naturally be employed. Examples of other urging members include a coil spring. In the first embodiment, the case where the urging members 14 and 214 are constituted by torsion coil springs has been described. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and other urging members may naturally be employed. Is possible. Examples of other urging members include a torsion bar.

  In each of the above embodiments, the case where the sprags 4 tilted in the anti-self-locking direction (arrow S direction) contact each other and restrain each other and further tilting is restricted is described. However, depending on the shape of the sprag 4, for example, the sprag 4 tilted in the anti-self-lock direction is brought into contact with the inner holders 5, 205 and the outer holders 6, 206 to restrict further tilting. Of course, it is also possible to do so. In this case, the same effect can be obtained.

1, 101, 201, 301, 401, 501, 601 Clutch device 2 Inner ring 2a Outer peripheral surface 3 Outer ring 3a Inner peripheral surface 4, 304, 404, 504, 604 Sprags 4a, 4b, 304a, 304b, 404a, 404b,
504a, 504b, 604a, 604b engagement surface 5,205,305a, 305b, 405a, 405b,
505a, 505b, 605a, 605b Inner cage 6, 206, 306a, 306b, 406a, 406b,
506a, 506b, 606a, 606b Outer cage
9,232 first rotating part
11, 242 second rotating part
13,213 engager 14, 114, 214 biasing member 20, 220 load applying device O axis

Claims (6)

An inner ring having an outer peripheral surface having a circular cross section and configured to be rotatable about an axis;
An outer ring having a circular inner peripheral surface facing the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and configured to be rotatable about the axis;
The outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface have two engaging surfaces, and the engaging surfaces are configured to be engageable with the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface, and the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface A plurality of sprags arranged in the circumferential direction between the opposing faces;
An outer cage configured to be rotatable in conjunction with the rotation of the inner ring or the outer ring while holding the portion of the sprag on the outer ring side so as to be tiltable in the circumferential direction of the inner circumferential surface;
An inner cage configured to be rotatable in conjunction with the rotation of the inner ring or the outer ring while holding the inner ring side portion of the sprag so as to be tiltable in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface;
A first rotating part and a second rotating part, each rotating around an axis and transmitting a load to the inner cage and the outer cage, respectively;
An engaging element engaged with the second rotating part and the first rotating part;
A load that causes the first rotating portion and the second rotating portion to move relative to each other around the axis by reciprocating the engagement element in the axial direction, and causes the inner cage and the outer cage to move relative to each other about the axis. A granting device;
Biasing that biases at least one of the inner cage and the outer cage in a direction opposite to the relative movement direction of the inner cage and the outer cage that are relatively moved by a load applied by the load applying device. And a clutch device.   When the sprag is tilted by releasing the engagement between at least one of the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring or the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engaging surface of the sprag, the sprag is moved to the inner retainer and the outer holding member. The clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the clutch device is clamped by a container and further tilting is restricted.   The biasing force is applied to the biasing member so that the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring, the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, and the engagement surface of the sprag are engaged with each other. The clutch device as described.   When the sprags are tilted by releasing the engagement between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engagement surface of the sprags, the sprags come into contact with each other and further tilting is restricted. The clutch device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:   When the sprag is tilted by releasing the engagement between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engagement surface of the sprag, the sprag is positioned between the engagement surfaces of the sprags in the radial direction of the outer ring. The distance is smaller than the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring, and a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring and the engagement surface of the sprag. The clutch device according to claim 2 or 4. The sprags are inserted and held in pockets respectively formed in the inner holder and the outer holder,
The clutch device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a width of the sprag in the rotation direction on the outer ring side is set narrower than a width of the pocket formed in the inner cage in the rotation direction. .

Images