JPH08227288A - Key touch speed converter and electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To make it possible to make real playing similar to the playing expression of, for example, an acoustic monophonic musical instrument by operating a playing expression operating element during playing with a player. CONSTITUTION: An expression pedal 5 is the playing expression operating element to be operated with the player by treading this pedal with his foot. Expression information (e) expressed by a numerical value of 0 to 127 is outputted according to the treating quantity. This information (e) is inputted to a velocity converting means 3 and musical tone forming means 4. The input velocity Vi is converted to the output velocity Vo of the larger value as the value of the information (e) is larger (i.e., as the pedal 5 is more largely treated) in the region where input velocity Vi to the connecting means 3 attains a small value. The variable intensities of playing, tone by tone, are directly reflected to the various intensities of played tones by adjusting the manipulated variable of the playing expression operating element, such as pedal 5, in such a manner. Even if only the one tone is played weak while the strong playing is made as a whole, the playing of this played tone as the strong playing tone is possible as well.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a key pressing speed converter for converting a key pressing speed value and an electronic musical instrument incorporating the key pressing speed converter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an acoustic musical tone, in the case of a monophonic wind instrument or the like, which can play only one note at a time, when a weak tone is played as a whole, a strong single note causes the instrument to produce a large played sound. Comes out as. That is, when the performance is weak as a whole, the strength of the performance of one note is the strength of the performance sound. On the other hand, even if you try to weaken only one note in a single moment when you are playing strongly as a whole in a climax of a song, when you are playing strongly as a whole, weaken the breath of the wind only for that one note. Since it is not possible to play, it is difficult to play only one note weakly, and as a whole, a large performance sound is produced.

On the other hand, in the case of playing a compound music instrument capable of obtaining a plurality of performance sounds at the same time, for example, a piano, a performance corresponding to each key depending on the strength (velocity) of key depression. Since the sound is generated, the strength of the performance of one note and one note becomes the strength of the performance sound of one note as it is, regardless of whether the performance is weak as a whole or strong as a whole.

[0004]

In the case of a general electronic musical instrument, an electronic keyboard simulating an acoustic piano keyboard is often used to perform a performance with various timbres of an acoustic musical instrument. The performance information of the performance using the keyboard includes so-called velocity information representing the key pressing speed of each note for each note. When trying to play a monophonic wind instrument sound using such an electronic musical instrument, if one weak sound is mixed when a strong performance is being played as a whole, only one sound will be produced for an acoustic monophonic wind instrument. Although it is difficult to play weakly, and a large performance sound is produced as a whole, when this is performed with an electronic musical instrument, the weakly played sound is heard as a weak performance sound, and the performance of an acoustic monophonic wind instrument is performed. There is a problem that the performance expression is different from that of.

In the case of an electronic musical instrument, the following examples are typical examples in which the musical expression is deviated from the performance of an acoustic monophonic wind instrument. That is, in the electronic musical instrument, a key is pressed to generate a trigger, and the envelope generator generates an envelope. This envelope represents a temporal change in the tone volume, sound quality, etc. of the musical tone. Musical sounds are generated according to this envelope, but when simulating the playing sound of a monophonic acoustic instrument with an electronic musical instrument, the key corresponding to the next musical sound is pressed before the key corresponding to the previous musical sound is released. In that case, a new trigger is not generated, and thus a new envelope may not be generated in some cases. That is, in the case of the electronic musical instrument having such a configuration, if another key is pressed before releasing the pressed key, the newly generated musical sound is the envelope of the musical sound corresponding to the previously pressed key. Will take over. Therefore, in the conventional electronic musical instruments up to now, when a key is missed by a miss touch, it is generally weak in key pressing force, that is, it is sounded at a low volume because its velocity is small, but it is possible to notice a miss touch and press the key incorrectly. If the correct key is pressed again immediately before releasing the key, the correct tone will not be played at the proper volume because the previous envelope will be taken over. In this case, it is necessary to take measures such as once releasing all the depressed keys and pressing the correct key again.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a key-depression speed converter for converting the value of key-depression speed and a real performance so that a realistic performance expression similar to that of an acoustic monophonic musical instrument can be performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of performing.

[0007]

A key depression speed converter according to the present invention which achieves the above object comprises a first input section for inputting key depression speed information representing a key depression speed and a performance expression operator. A second input unit for inputting operation amount information indicating an operation amount;
Key press speed conversion unit that changes the key press speed represented by the key press speed information input from the second input unit based on a conversion function corresponding to the operation amount represented by the operation amount information input from the second input unit. And an output unit for outputting key pressing speed information representing the key pressing speed converted by the key pressing speed converting unit.

Here, when the operation amount information representing a larger operation amount of the performance expression operator is input from the second input unit, the key depression speed conversion unit depresses at least an area with a slow key depression speed. Select a conversion function that converts the key speed to a faster key press speed, and based on the selected conversion function,
It is preferable that the key pressing speed represented by the key pressing speed information input from the first input unit is converted.

Further, the electronic musical instrument of the present invention which achieves the above object, includes key pressing speed information of performance information defining a musical tone, including key pressing speed information indicating a key pressing speed, and a performance expression operator. Input operation amount information indicating the operation amount of the input key pressing speed information, and converts the key pressing information represented by the input key pressing speed information based on the conversion function corresponding to the operation amount represented by the input operation amount information. A key pressing speed conversion unit that outputs key pressing speed information that represents a key speed, and the key pressing speed information is replaced with key pressing speed information that represents the key pressing speed after being converted by the key pressing speed conversion unit. And a musical sound generation unit for inputting the performance information and the operation amount information, which is a musical sound based on the performance information, and which generates a musical tone corrected based on the directly input operation amount information. To do.

Here, in the electronic musical instrument of the present invention,
When the operation amount information indicating a larger operation amount of the performance expression operator is input, the key pressing speed conversion unit converts the key pressing speed into a faster key pressing speed at least in a region where the key pressing speed is slow. It is preferable that a function is selected and the key pressing speed represented by the input key pressing speed information is converted based on the selected conversion function.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, the musical tone generating section produces a larger volume of musical sound based on the key pressing speed converted by the key pressing speed converting section. Alternatively, the tone generation section may generate the musical tone including a higher frequency range as the key-pressing speed is higher, based on the key-pressing speed after being converted by the key-pressing speed converting section. May be generated.

Further, in the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, the musical tone generating section generates a musical tone having a larger volume as the operating amount represented by the operating amount information is larger, based on the directly input operating amount information. Alternatively, the musical sound generating unit generates, based on the operation amount information directly input, a musical sound including a higher frequency range as the operation amount represented by the operation amount information increases. Good.

[0013]

The key-depression speed converter and the electronic musical instrument of the present invention convert the key-depression speed based on a conversion function corresponding to the operation amount of a performance expression operator such as an expression pedal. By adjusting the operation amount of the performance expression operators such as pedals, 1 note 1
The strength of the performance of a sound can be reflected as it is in the strength of the performance sound, or the performance sound can be made a strong performance sound even if only one sound is played weakly when playing strongly as a whole. For example, acoustic monophonic You can simulate a realistic performance similar to an instrument.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention. This electronic musical instrument is provided with a keyboard 1 having a plurality of keys, and the key operation detecting means 2 detects information about the key depression and key release of the keyboard 1. If a key press is detected,
The velocity Vi representing the key pressing speed is sent to the velocity converting means 3. Here, the velocity Vi is 1 to 1
It is represented by the numerical value of 27. The larger the value is, the faster the key is pressed. This velocity Vi is converted by the velocity converting means 3, and the new velocity Vo after conversion is sent to the musical sound generating means 4.

The key depression information including the pitch information of the depressed key is directly input to the musical tone generating means 4 except for the velocity Vi. The tone generation means 4 is for generating a tone having a pitch corresponding to the input depressed key, and has a built-in filter for adjusting the frequency component of the generated tone and level adjusting means for adjusting the level. ing. The musical sound generated by the musical sound generating means 4 is emitted into the space by the speaker 6.

The electronic musical instrument is also provided with an expression pedal 5. The expression pedal 5 is a performance expression operator that the player operates by stepping on it with his / her foot, and outputs expression information e represented by a numerical value of 0 to 127 according to the amount of depression. The expression information e is e = 0 when the expression pedal 5 is not depressed at all, and e = 127 when it is most depressed. The expression information e output from the expression pedal 5 is input to the velocity converting means 3 and the musical sound generating means 4.

FIG. 2 shows the velocity conversion means 3
6 is a graph showing an example of a conversion function for converting an input velocity Vi into an output velocity Vo. This figure 2
Is a conversion function of expression information e = 0 (state in which the expression pedal is not depressed), and V
A straight line of o = Vi is shown. That is, when the expression pedal 5 is not depressed, the input velocity V
i is output as it is as the output velocity Vo.

FIG. 3 shows the velocity conversion means 3,
6 is a graph showing an example of a conversion function for converting an input velocity Vi into an output velocity Vo. This figure 3
(A), (B), (C) are expression information e
Are the conversion functions when e = 32, 64, and 96, respectively. When these conversion functions are expressed by mathematical expressions, when Vi ≦ e: Vo = e Vi> e: Vo = Vi, and Vi is converted to Vo based on the conversion functions having the characteristics represented by these mathematical expressions. Convert.

As shown in this figure, in the present embodiment, as the value of the expression information e becomes larger (that is, the expression pedal is depressed more), the input velocity Vi becomes higher in the region where the input velocity Vi takes a smaller value. It is converted into a large value output velocity Vo. That is, in the present embodiment, when the amount of depression of the expression pedal 5 is small, the key pressing speed of one note and one note is reflected as it is in the output velocity Vo, and when the expression pedal 5 is greatly depressed, a weak key depression occurs. Is converted into a large value output velocity Vo corresponding to the key being pressed strongly. Therefore, the keyboard 1 shown in FIG.
When playing with the tone color of a monophonic acoustic instrument by playing, the expression pedal 5 is strongly depressed at the climax of the song to perform the performance. Even if played, a performance sound equivalent to that when strongly played can be obtained, and the performance of the acoustic instrument can be simulated more realistically.

FIG. 4 shows the velocity conversion means 3
It is a figure which shows the other example of the conversion function for converting the input velocity Vi into the output velocity Vo. When the expression information e is e = 0 (the expression pedal is not depressed), the conversion function Vo = Vi shown in FIG. 2 is used, and the expression information e is e = 32, 64, 96, as in the above-described example. In the case of
It is converted as shown in (A), (B), and (C).

If the conversion function in this case is expressed by a mathematical expression, Vo = {(127-e) / 127} × Vi + e, and Vi is converted to Vo based on the conversion function having the characteristic expressed by this mathematical expression. . That is, in this example, the conversion function is linear, but as the expression pedal 5 is depressed, the input velocity Vi having a smaller value is converted into the output velocity Vo having a larger value. Even with such a conversion function, a performance that more realistically simulates the performance of a monophonic acoustic musical instrument is performed.

The conversion function as shown in FIGS. 3 to 4 may be a function that continuously changes according to the value of the expression information e, and the expression information e
The value of may be divided for each range, and the conversion function may be applied for each division. That is, in this case, when the expression pedal 5 is stepped on, its conversion function changes stepwise.

In the tone generation means 4 shown in FIG. 1, as described above, the velocity Vo converted by the velocity conversion means 3 and the key depression information other than the velocity in the key depression information detected by the key operation detection means 2 are depressed. A tone is generated based on the information, but the velocity V is based on the velocity V.
The level of the built-in level adjusting means (not shown) is adjusted so that the volume level of the generated musical sound increases as o takes a larger value, and the larger the velocity Vo, the larger the generated value. The characteristics of the built-in filter (not shown) are changed so that the musical sound includes higher frequency components.

Expression information e from the expression pedal 5 is also input to the musical tone generating means 4, and the cutoff frequency of the filter and the level of the level adjusting means are also controlled by the expression information e. In this case, the larger the value of the expression information e, the higher the cutoff frequency of the generated musical tone so that the generated musical sound includes a higher-frequency component, and the larger the value of the expression information e, the more the generated musical tone. Move to the higher volume level.

In the above embodiment, the expression pedal 5 is used to perform velocity conversion control in the velocity conversion means 3 and the original control of the tone volume and cutoff frequency in the tone generation means 4 as an expression pedal. The electronic musical instrument, which is also used as an electronic musical instrument, is provided with an on / off switch for inputting the expression information e output from the expression pedal 5, for example, at the input portion of the velocity converting means 3 and the input portion of the musical sound generating means 4. Whether or not the expression information e is input to the velocity conversion means 3 to change the conversion function according to the acoustic musical instrument or the like simulated by, and the sound volume generation means 4 is controlled to control the volume level and the cutoff frequency. Even as a configuration that can be freely selected whether to do There. Alternatively, a simple configuration may be used in which the expression information e is input to the velocity conversion means 3 or the tone generation means 4 simply. Further, a performance expression operator for controlling the velocity converting means 3 may be provided separately from the expression pedal 5 for controlling the musical sound generating means 4. Furthermore, a performance expression operator for controlling the velocity converting means 3 is used as necessary, and an expression pedal 5 for controlling the musical sound generating means 4 is used.
An operator other than a pedal, for example, an operator such as a breath may be provided as a performance expression operator for controlling the velocity conversion means 3 in addition to whether or not it is also used.

Further, the velocity conversion means 3 and the tone generation means 4 are respectively provided with depth adjusting means, and the velocity conversion function, the volume level and the change range of the cutoff frequency, which are changed by the expression information e output from the expression pedal 5, are changed. May be adjusted respectively. Also, in the above embodiment, the keyboard 1
Although the key operation detecting means 2 and the expression pedal 5 are provided, for example, key pressing speed information indicating the operation state of the keyboard, information equivalent to the key pressing information, and the expression pedal 5 via the means such as MIDI. The information equivalent to the information e indicating the operation state may be received from an external device.

Similarly, in the above embodiment, the musical tone generating means 4 is provided, but an external musical tone generating device may be controlled via means such as MIDI. In this case, the output velocity V converted from the input velocity Vi based on the expression information e and the conversion function that is changed according to the expression information e.
o is output to an external musical tone generating device.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention,
When the performer is playing strongly as a whole by operating the performance expression controls during a performance, even if a single weak note is played weakly, it is output as a strong performance sound. For example, an acoustic monophonic musical instrument Similar, realistic performance expressions can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an outline of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of a conversion function for converting an input velocity Vi into an output velocity Vo in the velocity conversion means 3.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing each example of a conversion function for converting the input velocity Vi into the output velocity Vo in the velocity conversion means 3.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of a conversion function for converting the input velocity Vi into the output velocity Vo in the velocity conversion means 3.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 keyboard 2 key operation detecting means 3 velocity converting means 4 musical tone generating means 5 expression pedal 6 speaker

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A first input unit for inputting key depression speed information indicating a key depression speed, a second input unit for inputting operation amount information indicating an operation amount of a performance expression operator, and the first input unit. The key pressing speed conversion for converting the key pressing speed represented by the key pressing speed information input from the first input unit based on the conversion function corresponding to the operation amount represented by the operation amount information input from the second input unit. A key pressing speed converter comprising: a unit and an output unit that outputs key pressing speed information representing the key pressing speed after being converted by the key pressing speed converting unit. 2. The key depression speed conversion unit, when operation amount information indicating a larger operation amount of a performance expression operator is input from the second input unit, at least an area with a slow key depression speed is depressed. A function for selecting a conversion function for converting a key speed to a higher key pressing speed, and converting the key pressing speed represented by the key pressing speed information input from the first input unit based on the selected conversion function. 2. The key depression speed converter according to claim 1, wherein 3. The key depression speed information of the performance information defining a musical tone, including the key depression speed information indicating the key depression speed, and the operation amount information indicating the operation amount of the performance expression operator are input. The key pressing information represented by the input key pressing speed information is converted based on the conversion function according to the operation amount represented by the input operation amount information, and the key pressing speed information indicating the converted key pressing speed is output. A key pressing speed conversion unit, and the performance information and the operation amount information in which the key pressing speed information is replaced with key pressing speed information representing the key pressing speed after being converted by the key pressing speed conversion unit. An electronic musical instrument, comprising: a musical sound generation unit that generates a musical sound that is input and that is based on the performance information and that is corrected based on the operation amount information that is directly input. 4. The key depression speed conversion unit, when the operation amount information indicating a larger operation amount of the performance expression operator is input, increases the key depression speed at least in a region where the key depression speed is low. 4. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, wherein a conversion function for converting to a speed is selected, and the key pressing speed represented by the input key pressing speed information is converted based on the selected conversion function. . 5. The tone generation unit generates a tone with a higher volume as the key depression speed is higher, based on the key depression speed converted by the key depression speed conversion unit. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, which is characterized in that. 6. The musical tone generating section generates a musical tone including a higher frequency range as the key pressing speed is higher, based on the key pressing speed converted by the key pressing speed converting section. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, wherein: 7. The musical sound generating unit generates, based on the operation amount information directly input, a musical sound having a larger volume as the operation amount represented by the operation amount information is larger. Item 3. The electronic musical instrument according to Item 3. 8. The musical sound generating unit generates a musical sound including a higher frequency range as the amount of operation represented by the amount of operation information is larger, based on the amount of operation information directly input. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3.