JPH08206646A - Water purifying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent the inflow of earth and sand to a filter aid and to keep purifying effect over a long period of time by connecting pump devices sucking purified water to discharge the same to a plurality of purifying units each having a charcoal bed formed therein and having an upper lid arranged to the upper surface thereof through connection pipes. CONSTITUTION: A water purifying apparatus is constituted of a plurality of purifying units 10 arranged at a 90 deg. interval, the pump devices 20 installed to the central parts of the respective purifying units 10 and the connection pipes 30 connecting the purifying units 10 and the pump devices 20. The pump devices 20 are driven to introduce water of lakes and marshes into the purifying units 10 through contaminated water inflow orifices 12a to purify the same while passing the same through charcoal beds 13. Purified water is sucked into the pump devices 20 through purified water gathering orifices 15a, purified water sump parts 17 and the connection pipes 30 to be discharged toward the surface of the water. By this constitution, the inflow of earth and sand to a filter aid is prevented to keep purifying effect over a long period of time and high purifying effect is kept even in lakes and marshes having no flow velocity.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water purification device used for purification of lakes, rivers, reservoirs and the like, and more particularly to a water purification device using charcoal as a filtering material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, diversification of domestic wastewater, use of pesticides,
The water quality of lakes, rivers, reservoirs, etc. is significantly deteriorating due to the impact of the discharge of chemical substances. Especially in summer, a large amount of water-bloom is generated due to eutrophication of water quality, which further promotes water pollution.

It has been reported that water-bloom blunts the movement of animals and, in extreme cases, causes paralysis and convulsions, leading to death by alkaloids as neurotoxins and cyclic peptides as liver poisons. to cause.

Further, in the water of rivers and lakes, which are the source of tap water, phytoplankton and radiant bacteria caused by phosphorus and nitrogen are abnormally propagated, and these microorganisms are also causative substances of mold odor.

As a method for improving such deteriorated water quality, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 1-254294, 4-62206, and 5-192693 disclose water purification using charcoal. The technology is disclosed.

[0006] Charcoal has excellent water purification ability, is safe and harmless, and is economical in terms of cost.
Removal of harmful chemical substances such as ammoniacal nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorine, trihalomethane, odor and trichlorethylene, and further hydrogen ion concentration (PH), dissolved oxygen content (DO), suspended matter (SS), biochemistry It has an excellent effect in improving the dynamic oxygen demand (BOD) and the chemical oxygen demand (COD).

[0007]

However, the above-mentioned conventional charcoal purification technology, for example, the water purification apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-192693 discloses a cage made of a wire mesh, a lattice or a perforated plate. Inside, a purification layer body consisting of a zeolite layer, a charcoal layer, etc. is provided in sequence up and down.When this is installed in a river, etc., the purification layer body will be clogged due to the inflow of earth and sand from the side part, etc. It is easy to occur. In particular, when a large amount of inflow water flows in at one time, the flow velocity of water passing through the filter medium becomes high, which makes effective purification difficult. In addition, the passage of water through the main body of the septic tank consisting of charcoal layers depends on the flow velocity of river water, etc., so that effective purification is difficult in lakes and marshes where water does not flow. Therefore, in order to totally purify lakes and marshes, it is necessary to completely drain water and perform large-scale dredging work.

Further, since the purifying device described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-192693 is simply one in which purifying layer bodies made of charcoal layers and the like are sequentially provided inside the cage,
It was difficult to expand according to the area to be cleaned.

Therefore, the present invention prevents the inflow of earth and sand into the filter medium to maintain the purification effect for a long period of time, maintains a high purification efficiency even in a lake or the like where there is no flow velocity, and further, depending on the purification area. It is an object of the present invention to provide an expandable purification device.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a water purification apparatus of the present invention forms a charcoal layer in a container having an open upper surface and has a contaminated water inflow hole on the upper surface of the charcoal layer. A plurality of purification units having an upper lid having the purification water collection port near the bottom of the container, and a connection pipe connected to the purification water collection ports of the purification unit and connecting the plurality of purification units And a pump device that is connected to the connection pipe and sucks and discharges the purified water in the purification unit.

Here, a shelf plate having purified water collecting holes may be arranged on the lower surface of the charcoal layer, and a purified water pool portion may be formed between the bottom of the container and the shelf plate. Further, a clogging prevention net can be arranged on the upper surface of the shelf plate.

As the clogging prevention net, a net made of corrosion-resistant metal or synthetic resin can be used.

Further, it is desirable that the container is a corrosion-resistant container which is not easily corroded for a long period of time, for example, made of stainless steel, FRP, polycarbonate or the like.

[0014]

[Operation] The container having an open top surface and the upper lid having the contaminated water inflow hole efficiently prevent the inflow of soil and sand especially from the lateral direction, so that only the contaminated water containing no soil and sand from the upper surface passes through the charcoal layer. Become.

Further, the passage speed of the contaminated water passing through the charcoal layer can be freely controlled by adjusting the opening area of the contaminated water inflow hole of the upper lid or the purified water collecting hole of the shelf or the suction capacity of the pump device. It becomes possible.

Further, by forming the purified water pool at the bottom of the container, the purified water sent from the other purification unit connected by the connecting pipe can be sent out through the purified water pool, so that the purification is performed. Units can be connected together to add more units.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a water purification apparatus which is an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a purification unit which constitutes the water purification apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a purification unit shown in FIG. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the water purification apparatus of this embodiment has a plurality of purification units 10 provided at intervals of 90 degrees, a pump unit 20 provided at the center of the plurality of purification units 10, and The connecting pipe 30 connects the plurality of purification units 10 and the pump device 20.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the purification unit 10
Is an FR including a bottom plate 11a and side plates 11b that surround the four sides.
A container 11 made of P is provided, and inside the container 11, an upper lid 12, a charcoal layer 13, a clogging prevention net 14 on the bottom surface of the charcoal layer 13, and a shelf board 1 for supporting the charcoal layer 13.
5 are provided respectively.

The upper lid 12 has a large number of contaminated water inflow holes 12a formed uniformly over the entire surface so that the inflow of earth and sand into the container 11 is prevented and the contaminated water is evenly flowed into the charcoal layer 13. There is. Further, the upper lid 12 is provided at a position slightly lower than the upper end of the container 11, so that the upper surface of the upper lid 12 can be used as a weight for submerging the purification unit 10 in water.

The charcoal layer 13 has a carbonization temperature of 600 °
It is preferable to use a broad-leaved tree or a coniferous tree of C or higher as a raw material, and charcoal having a fine pore structure by carbonization contains a well-balanced carbon and mineral content, and plays an important role in the growth of microorganisms adhering to charcoal.

The mechanism for purifying polluted water by the charcoal layer 13 is such that substance conversion by microorganisms is first carried out, and then microorganisms grow and a symbiotic environment is created. As a result, protists, protozoa, fungi, etc. start to operate in the charcoal layer 13. Furthermore, a few weeks after the purification of water by the charcoal layer 13 is started, the food chain is gradually advanced with the addition of small organisms, and the purification of water is continued in the charcoal layer 13.

In order to maintain such substance conversion by microorganisms, the flow rate of contaminated water passing through the charcoal layer 13 is 0.5 to 3.0 cm / min depending on the degree of contamination.
Is desirable. If the flow rate is too slow, the purification treatment capacity will decrease, so the lower limit of the flow rate is 0.5 cm / min. On the other hand, when the flow rate exceeds 3.0 cm / min, the contact speed with the charcoal of the contaminated water is too fast and anaerobicization occurs, and the effect of purification cannot be expected.

The clogging prevention net 14 is a net-like skeleton made of a synthetic resin (for example, trade name Hetimaron, manufactured by Shinko Nylon Co., Ltd.) laid between the charcoal layer 13 and the shelf plate 15 for a long period of time. This prevents clogging of the purified water collecting holes 15a of the shelf 15 when the charcoal of the charcoal layer 13 collapses during use.

A large number of purified water collecting holes 15a for passing purified water purified by the charcoal layer 13 are formed uniformly on the entire surface of the shelf plate 15. The purified water collecting hole 15a is
Although it depends on the water quality of the place of use and the capacity of the pump device 20, an appropriate contact flow velocity (0.5 to 0.5
The diameter is preferably about 5 to 10 mm in order to maintain the efficiency (3.0 cm / min) and enable efficient purification.

Further, reinforcing legs 16 are provided on the lower portion of the shelf plate 15, whereby a purified water pool portion 17 is formed between the bottom plate 11a of the container 11 and the shelf plate 15. A part of the side plate of the purified water reservoir 17 is opened to form a purified water collecting port 18 for attaching the connection pipe 30.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of application of the purification apparatus shown in FIG. 1 to a lake, and FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG.

In the method of installing this purification device in a lake, first, a plurality of purification units 10, a pump device 20, and
Prepare the required number of connecting pipes 30, mount them on a small boat or floating board, and moor them near the installation site in the lake. Next, on the small boat or the floating board, the four purification units 10 and the pump device 20 are connected by the connection pipe 30 as shown in FIG. 1, and this is floated on the water surface. Then, for the four purification units 10 on the water surface, as shown in FIG.
The additional purification unit 10 is connected by a connecting pipe 30. Finally, a weight such as gravel is placed on the top lid 12 of each purification unit 10 and submerged in water. The gravel used for this weight also functions as a filter. by this,
As shown in FIG. 5, a purifying device can be installed on the upper surface of the sediment on the bottom of the lake. If it is desired to purify the water above the water surface, the amount of weight may be adjusted and the water purification device may be installed near the water surface.

In this state, when the pump device 20 is driven, the suction force of the pump device 20 causes the water in the lake to pass from the upper part of the purification unit 10 to the contaminated water inlet hole as shown by the arrows in FIGS. It is sucked into the purification unit 10 through 12a and purified while passing through the charcoal layer 13. The purified water is the purified water collecting hole 15a and the purified water pool 1
7. Suctioned by the pump device 20 through the connection pipe 30,
It is discharged from the pump device 20 toward the water surface.

At this time, the contaminated water inflow hole 12a is provided with the upper lid 12
Since a large number of the polluted water that flows into the charcoal layer 13 evenly flows into the charcoal layer 13, and the purified water collecting holes 15a are also formed into the shelf plate 15 in a large number, the charcoal layer 13
The water purified by is uniformly collected from the charcoal layer 13.
As a result, the inflowing contaminated water passes through the charcoal layer 13 at a flow velocity within a certain range. The flow rate of the contaminated water is set to an appropriate flow rate within the range of 0.5 to 3.0 cm / min depending on the degree of contamination, and the suction force of the pump device 20 and the opening area of the water collection hole 15a are set to this flow rate. Decide

As described above, in the purification apparatus of this embodiment, the charcoal layer 13 is formed in the corrosion-resistant container 11 having the upper lid 12 having the contaminated water inflow hole 12a, and the shelf plate 1 near the bottom is formed.
Since the purification unit 10 is configured by providing the purified water collecting holes 15a in 5, the sediment does not flow into the charcoal layer 13,
The charcoal layer 13 is prevented from being clogged, and the charcoal is contained in the container 1.
Therefore, the purification effect can be maintained for a long period of time.

Further, the purification unit 10 and the pump device 20
Since the water is sucked into the purification unit 10 by the pump device 20 by connecting the pipes to each other by the connecting pipe 30, the water is kept constant regardless of the flow velocity of the river water and also in the water of the lake where there is no water flow. The charcoal layer 13 in the purification unit 10 can be passed at a flow velocity within the range, and the substance conversion by the microorganisms in the charcoal layer 13 can be continued.

The purification device is installed by connecting the plurality of purification units 10 and the pump device 20 with the connection pipe 30.
Construction is easy because it is only necessary to put a weight on it and submerge it in water. Further, by increasing the number of the purification units 10, it is possible to deal with a case where the purification range is wide in a river or lake.

Since the purification unit 10 can be mass-produced, the device cost can be reduced.

[0035]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(A) Since the charcoal layer is formed in the corrosion resistant container and the water inflow hole is provided in the upper part of the container to constitute the purification unit, the sediment does not flow into the charcoal layer and the charcoal layer is clogged. Is prevented, and charcoal does not flow out of the container, so that the purifying effect can be maintained for a long period of time.

(B) Since the water is sucked into the purification unit by the pump device, regardless of the flow velocity of the river water, the flow velocity of the water is within a certain range even for the water in the lake where there is no water flow. Allows the charcoal layer in the purification unit to pass through, and the microbial substance conversion in the charcoal layer can be sustained.

(C) Since a plurality of purification units and a pump device are connected by a connecting pipe, a weight is simply placed and the device is submerged in water, the purification device can be installed easily. Further, by increasing the number of purification units, it is possible to deal with cases where the purification range is wide, such as in rivers and lakes.

(D) Since the purification unit can be mass-produced, the device cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a water purification device that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a purification unit that constitutes the water purification apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the purification unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of application of the purification device shown in FIG. 1 to a lake.

5 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Purification Unit 11 Container 11a Bottom Plate 11b Side Plate 12 Top Lid 12a Contaminated Water Inflow Hole 13 Charcoal Layer 14 Clogging Prevention Net 15 Shelf Board 15a Purified Water Collection Hole 16 Reinforcement Leg 17 Purified Water Reservoir 18 Purified Water Collection Port 20 Pump Device 30 Connection pipe

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A charcoal layer is formed in a container having an open upper surface, an upper lid having a contaminated water inflow hole is provided on the upper surface of the charcoal layer, and a purified water collecting port is provided near the bottom of the container. A plurality of purification units, a connecting pipe that is connected to the purified water collecting port of the purification unit and connects the plurality of purification units, and a pump that is connected to the connection pipe and sucks and discharges the purified water in the purification unit Water purification device with a device. 2. A shelf plate having a purified water collecting hole is provided on the lower surface of the charcoal layer, and a purified water pool is formed between the bottom of the container and the shelf plate. 1. The water purification device according to 1. 3. The water purification apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a clogging prevention net is arranged on the upper surface of the shelf plate. 4. The water purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the container is a corrosion resistant container.