JPH08189161A - Roof structure preventing the earth from warming and reducing heat island and ground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce a rate at which solar beam becomes heat on the ground surface and prevent warming and reduce the influence of a heat island. CONSTITUTION: A solar beam-reflecting plate 3 against short waves is installed on the roof face of a building 1. A plurality of long rectangular fins made of a light-absorbing material are erected on the surface of solar beam-reflecting plate so as to longitudinally arrange them in the east and west direction to constitute a reflecting plate with a louver structure, in the roof structure. The reflecting plate with a louver structure may be installed on the roof surface of a building. Fins made of light-absorbing materials are erected on the surface of solar-beam reflecting plate so as to longitudinally arrange them in the east and west direction and an optically transmissible material is charged between the fins to constitute the reflecting plate with the louver structure, as a ground structure. This reflecting plate is buried in the ground surface.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a roof of a structure which does not require the penetration of solar radiation, a global warming / heat island reduction roof structure and a ground structure used for the ground.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART In recent years, global environmental problems have been highlighted. Among them, the global warming problem caused by carbon dioxide emission, and the heat island phenomenon that occurs due to the inorganic structure (material) and complicated form of the city, and the heat that is intensively emitted are closely related to the construction industry. Not only is the construction process itself deeply related to energy and resource consumption, that is, heat energy and carbon dioxide emissions, but it also consumes a huge amount of energy for building operation even after the completion of construction in the hands of the owner. This is because heat and carbon dioxide are discharged near the ground surface.

In order to deal with the global warming problem and the heat island problem, it is possible to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide gas, which is a greenhouse gas, by saving energy. This is a method that directly affects the cause. In fact, in Japan, enough efforts have been made, including the equipment manufacturers,
At least energy conservation in the industrial sector is among the top in the world. On the other hand, the energy consumption of the consumer sector tends to increase with the improvement of living standards in recent years, but individual houses are widely distributed, and the energy consumption density is much smaller than that of the industrial sector. Therefore, it is very difficult to achieve energy saving in the consumer sector without lowering the standard of living, and at the stage where efforts are being made with equipment manufacturers to take a comprehensive view of equipment, construction, and lifestyle, it is currently the decisive factor. There is no.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is intended to indirectly reduce the effects of global warming and heat islands, and is an approach for reducing the amount of heat generated on the ground surface. According to research conducted by the Architectural Institute of Japan, the proportion of artificial exhaust heat (building and traffic) compared to the amount of solar energy reaching the ground is significantly high, at 10% to 30%, in urban areas. Therefore, if this ratio is reduced, energy can be saved. However, in the present invention, conversely, it is an object to reduce the ratio of sunlight becoming heat on the ground surface to reduce the influence of global warming and heat islands.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The structure of the roof structure for reducing global warming and heat islands according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a roof for reflecting sunlight, which is changed into heat on the surface of a building, directly to the outside of the atmosphere of the earth. The structure is characterized in that a solar reflector made of a face material that reflects short-wave light is installed on the roof surface of the building. Further, the roof structure is a louver structure reflection plate in which a plurality of long plate fins made of a light absorbing material are erected on the surface of a solar reflection plate so that the longitudinal direction is in the east-west direction. May be installed on the roof surface of the building. In addition, the structure of the ground structure for reducing global warming and heat islands according to the present invention has a structure in which a surface of a metal plate is a mirror surface to form a solar reflector, and a plurality of long plates made of a light absorbing material is formed on the surface of the solar reflector. -Shaped fins are erected so that the longitudinal direction is in the east-west direction, and a translucent material that transmits sunlight rays in a wavelength range of 2 microns or less is filled between the fins to form a louver structure reflection plate. The feature is that the reflector is embedded in the ground surface.

[0006]

[Function] In a roof structure that reduces global warming and heat islands, a solar reflector made of a face material that reflects short-wave light is installed on the roof surface of the building, and the sunlight that turns into heat on the building surface goes out of the Earth's atmosphere. It is reflected and the amount of heat generated on the ground surface is suppressed. In a roof structure in which fins made of light-absorbing material are erected on the surface of the solar reflector, the sunlight is reflected by the reflectors between the fins in summer when the sun is high, but in winter when the sun is low. The sunlight directly hits the fins, and the sunlight transforms into heat on the surface of the fins, which enables effective heat absorption only in winter. In the ground structure to reduce global warming and heat islands, the louver structure reflector is buried in the ground surface, and by the same effect as above, sunlight is reflected in the summer when the altitude of the sun is high, while in the winter when the altitude of the sun is low. The sunlight changes into heat on the surface of the fins, and it becomes possible to effectively absorb heat only on the ground surface during the winter.

[0007]

EXAMPLES Specific examples of the global warming / heat island reduction roof structure and ground structure according to the present invention for reflecting short-wave light will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
1A and 1B are views for explaining the concept of reflection of short-wave light, where FIG. 1A shows the case of a roof structure provided with a reflector, and FIG. 1B shows the case of a general building. The artificial exhaust heat and the sunlight before reaching the ground have different energy qualities even though they are equivalent in calorie conversion. Since the artificial exhaust heat is reactive energy, if it occurs near the surface of the earth, it will be reflected in the form of the rise of the atmosphere or the surface temperature, and the greenhouse effect will be increased. However, the sunlight before reaching the ground has a mixture of short wave region which contributes as effective energy and long wave region which is reactive energy. Currently, the surface of the earth, including structures, contains most of the energy in all wavelength ranges (9
Since it is composed of a material that absorbs (0%), nearly 90% of the calorie conversion energy of sunlight reaching the ground is considered as reactive energy and is accepted by the ground surface in a form that promotes global warming. (FIG. 1B). Therefore, if short-wave light that is hard to be captured by greenhouse gases is directly reflected to space to suppress the amount of heat generation on the ground surface, it can contribute to global warming and the formation of heat islands (Fig. 1).
A).

For that purpose, as shown in FIG.
A solar reflector 3 that can sufficiently reflect short-wave light is installed on the roof surface of the building 1. As a result, the sunlight, which has been converted into heat on the surface of the building 1, is directly emitted to space. The reflectance on the surface of an object is the type of surface of the object,
It takes different values depending on the incident wavelength range. Here, since it is desired to reflect sunlight having a wavelength range of 2 μm or less, a metal plate with a well-polished surface, such as aluminum, copper, or stainless steel, is suitable as the material for the sunlight reflecting plate 3. . Further, in order to reflect short-wave light, gravel may be intentionally spread on the roof surface, or the roof surface material may be coated with a paint such as white or silver. If the surface of metal is dirty, the reflection effect tends to decrease, so 2
It is effective to coat it with a translucent material that transmits light rays of micron or less, such as transparent glass or transparent resin, or to use a mirror as it is.

Speaking only of the heat island phenomenon,
In Japan, it increases the cooling load in the summer, but contributes to reducing the heating load in the winter. Therefore, a mechanism capable of reflecting and absorbing sunlight depending on the altitude of the sun is desired. A second embodiment having such a mechanism will be described. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a louver structure reflector according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of reflection control in the louver structure reflector. In this embodiment, a plurality of long plate-shaped fins 7 extending in the east-west direction are provided upright on the surface of the reflection plate 5. Reflector 5
The same as the above-mentioned sunlight reflecting plate 3 can be considered. On the other hand, the fin 7 is made of a black material having a roughened surface that has not been cut and removed, for example, a light absorbing material such as cast iron.

In the louver structure reflector 9 having such a structure, as shown in FIG. 3, sunlight is reflected by the reflector 5 between the fins 7 in the summer when the sun altitude is high. In the low winter, the sunlight directly hits the fins 7 or is reflected by the reflector 5 and then hits the fins 7, and the sunlight changes to heat on the surface of the fins 7, so that effective heat absorption only in the winter is possible. As a result, it becomes possible to perform the reflection / absorption control of sunlight that follows the change of the season and the altitude of the sun in a form that is one step deeper than the above-mentioned sunlight reflecting plate 3.

Although it is unlikely to be a problem in winter, when the sun altitude is low, such as in the morning and evening in summer, when there is a tall building nearby and the light reflected on the roof surface becomes a problem, a similar fin is used. The problem can be solved by installing 7 or low fins in the north-south direction.

The concept of the louver structure reflector 9 can be applied to a half-roof.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the roof has a concave portion 11 and a convex portion 13.
In the case of a half-roof 15 that repeats alternately,
The half-roof 15 is arranged so that the convex portions 13 are aligned in the north-south direction, and the reflectors 17 equivalent to the solar reflectors 3 and 5 are incorporated on the bottom surface and the surface facing north. On the other hand, if a heat absorbing plate 19 made of the same material as the fin 7 is incorporated in the surface facing the south, the roof-integrated type and the same effect as the above-mentioned louver structure reflecting plate 9 can be obtained. In this case, the reflecting plate 17 may be incorporated in the upper surface 13a and the heat absorbing plate 19 may be incorporated only in the surface facing south.

Next, the case where the louver structure reflection plate 9 is applied to the ground surface will be described. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the ground in which the louver structure reflection plate 9 is embedded. Louver structure reflector 9
May be buried in the ground surface in order to obtain the same effect as when used on the roof of a building. That is, by embedding the louver structure reflection plate 9 in the ground surface, it becomes possible to control the reflection / absorption of sunlight on the ground surface to follow the changes in the season and the sun altitude.

When the louver structure reflection plate 9 is applied to the ground surface, it is preferable to fill the space between the fins 7 with the translucent material 21. The transparent material 21 is preferably a transparent glass or a transparent resin that transmits the above-mentioned solar rays in the wavelength range of 2 microns or less. As a result, it is possible to prevent a fallen object between the fins 7 and to improve the strength. Also,
In order to prevent falling objects and improve strength, plate-shaped tempered glass (not shown) may be laid on the upper end surface of the fin 7.

However, since the ground also functions as a buffer to prevent rainwater from flowing into the sewer at once, when the louver structure reflection plate 9 is applied to the ground surface in this manner, the water permeable member 23 is used. It is preferable to combine with.

From the viewpoint of the total energy reaching the surface of the earth from the sun, the amount of reduction in the amount of heat generation on the surface due to the above-mentioned structure is insignificant, and it is difficult to determine the global warming prevention measure, but it is consumed. If the amount of heat generated in a city is reduced by reflecting sunlight equivalent to the amount of energy, at least the extent of heat islands will be reduced. If an external space that is cool in summer and warm in winter can be constructed, energy consumption, that is, artificial exhaust heat, will be synergistically reduced, which will also reduce carbon dioxide emissions and contribute greatly to global warming prevention. Will be done.

[0017]

As described above in detail, according to the global warming / heat island reduction roof structure of the present invention, the solar reflector for reflecting short-wave light is installed on the roof surface of the building. The sunlight that turns into heat is reflected as it is to the outside of the atmosphere, and the amount of heat generated on the ground surface can be suppressed, and the effects on global warming and heat islands can be reduced. Also, according to the roof structure using the louver structure reflector, sunlight is reflected in the summer, while the sunlight changes to heat on the surface of the fins in winter, which enables effective heat absorption only in winter. As a result, it is possible to control the reflection and absorption of sunlight that follows changes in the season and the altitude of the sun. According to the global warming / heat island reduction ground structure of the present invention, the louver structure reflecting plate is embedded in the ground surface, so that the sunlight is reflected in the summer and the sunlight is reflected in the winter as described above. The heat of the fins turns into heat, and even on the surface of the earth, the reflection of sunlight that changes with the season and changes in the sun's altitude
The absorption can be controlled, and the effects on global warming and heat islands can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a concept of reflection of short-wave light.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a louver structure reflector according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of reflection control in a louver structure reflector.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a half-roof to which the principle of a louver structure reflector is applied.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the ground in which a louver structure reflection plate is embedded.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Building 3, 5 Solar reflector 7 Fin 9 Louver structure reflector 11 Recessed portion 13 Convex portion 15 Folded half roof 17 Reflector 19 Heat absorbing plate 21 Translucent material

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A roof structure that reflects sunlight that changes into heat on the surface of the building to the outside of the earth's atmosphere as it is, and a solar reflector made of a face material that reflects short-wave light is installed on the roof surface of the building. Roof structure that reduces global warming and heat islands. 2. A louver-structured reflector is constructed by arranging a plurality of elongated plate-shaped fins made of a light-absorbing material on the surface of the solar reflector so that the longitudinal direction is in the east-west direction. The roof structure for reducing global warming and heat islands according to claim 1, wherein the roof structure is installed on the roof surface of the building. 3. The surface of the metal plate is mirror-like and the mirror surface is
The roof structure for reducing global warming and heat islands according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solar reflector is formed by coating a light transmissive material that transmits sunlight in a wavelength range of micron or less. 4. The roof structure for reducing global warming and heat islands according to claim 2, wherein the light absorbing material is made of black cast iron having a roughened surface. 5. A folded-and-roofed roof in which uneven portions are alternately repeated is arranged so that the uneven portions are aligned in the north-south direction, and a reflecting plate is incorporated on the bottom surface and the north-facing surface of the uneven portions while facing the south. A roof structure that reduces global warming and heat islands by incorporating a heat-absorbing plate on the front surface. 6. A solar reflector is formed by making the surface of a metal plate mirror-like, and a plurality of long plate fins made of a light absorbing material is erected on the surface of the solar reflector so that the longitudinal direction is in the east-west direction. The louver structure reflector is formed by filling the fins with a translucent material that transmits sunlight rays in the wavelength range of 2 microns or less, and the louver structure reflector is embedded in the ground surface. Ground structure that reduces global warming and heat islands.