KR20020005220A - Multipurpose insulation system which installed building envelopes for thermal gain and insulation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A complex insulating structure is provided to maximize the saving effect of energy by absorbing heat through an external wall of a building, preventing the loss of the heat and isolating the excessive amount of the heat. CONSTITUTION: A complex insulating structure comprises a transparent insulating material(5) having the optical permeability to smoothly supply solar energy to an external wall and having the insulating property to disperse the internal energy to the outside; a protecting plate installed in front of the transparent insulating material to protect the transparent insulating material; a sun shading device to isolate the supply of solar energy by installing in an air layer; and a solar heat absorbing material(6) to supply the solar heat to be permeated through the transparent insulating material(5). Thereby, the saving effect of energy is maximized.

Description

Multipurpose insulation system which installed building envelopes for thermal gain and insulation

The present invention relates to a composite thermal insulation structure, in particular, the composite to block the excessive amount of heat and at the same time to prevent the heat acquisition and heat loss through the building envelope by easily installed in existing buildings or new buildings that are incomplete or not insulated construction It relates to an insulating structure.

With the rapid increase in energy consumption due to population growth and industrial development around the world, effective management of energy is a common issue in countries around the world including Korea. In particular, a large amount of energy in the total energy consumption is consumed in the building part due to the problem of the thermal management and energy conservation method of the building and the lack of alternative energy utilization technology, if the energy saving in the building sector will be very energy saving effect.

The envelope of the building is one of the largest energy loss pathways among the various elements that make up the building. In order to reduce heat loss through the building envelope, not only developed countries but also Korea are contributing to energy saving by mandating construction by region and by part of building. However, energy saving through the insulation of buildings cannot achieve the effect only by the legal insulation standard value, and researches on the design, construction technology, and insulation method of each building structure have been conducted steadily.

In developed countries, in order to maximize the thermal insulation performance of the groundbreaking building envelope, while maintaining the advantages of the existing insulation walls, while absorbing the solar heat as much as possible, it is promoting the energy saving by using a system that can effectively use the incident solar energy. Therefore, insulation construction for heat loss through building envelope is very important in terms of energy saving, and the most important points for this are the selection and development of materials suitable for insulation purposes and their construction methods.

The selection of the appropriate insulation means the selection of materials suitable for the various performances required for the insulation in the structure and construction of each part of the house. However, since the heat insulating material has its own characteristics, it is common to have both advantages and disadvantages, and depending on the structure and construction method of the building, the performance required may be in conflict with each other. Therefore, it is difficult to find a heat insulator that can satisfy all practically required performances. Therefore, it is desirable to select a heat insulator comprehensively after examining how much the main performance is satisfied among the required performances and how it meets other performances.

As a heat insulating material currently used, many materials such as polystyrene foam, glass wool, rock wool, urethane foam, perlite, vermiculite, and foam concrete are used. It does not have the function of acquiring energy only by keeping it in the living space where people live for a long time and blocking the outside to keep the living space comfortable.

The construction method of these insulation materials varies depending on the material characteristics, but generally can be divided into external insulation, interruption heat and internal insulation construction. At present, most of the construction is in the middle of heat-resistant or heat-resistant insulation due to economic and construction method difficulties.

In the case of interrupted heat, it is known that construction is performed when new buildings are constructed.Therefore, there is a problem that it is not easy to construct insulation by applying the method of interrupted heat construction to existing buildings that are incomplete or not insulated. It is difficult to apply the method to existing buildings with incomplete or no insulation construction.

Insulation resistant method has the advantage of easy to insulate the existing building that is incomplete or not insulated construction, while the internal space is reduced.

External insulation construction method is a method that can solve the problems of existing thermal insulation and internal insulation construction method can improve the durability of the wall by preventing thermal bridge (frost bridge), condensation prevention, freeze damage. However, even in the case of the external heat insulation method, when using the existing heat insulating material, the function of acquiring external solar energy in addition to the heat insulation performance that prevents energy input to the air conditioner from being dissipated through the wall, as in the case of uninterrupted heat and internal heat insulation I don't have it.

In order to solve this problem, Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 97-73949 has a glass layer and a heat-receiving surface installed on the outside and the inside thereof, and a cross section composed of a synthetic resin having a long shape of 0.01 to 0.1 mm in thickness is formed in a honeycomb or a circular or grid. It is proposed a transparent heat insulator capable of heat insulation and heat acquisition by installing a transparent heat insulator having a diameter of 2 to 8 mm in the shape. However, this method may cause a problem that the temperature inside the building rises due to excessive heat in case of summer, when the outside temperature is not low.

In addition, Korean Patent Application Publication No. 98-10188 proposes a solar ventilation device for preventing overheating of a building by installing a transparent insulating material. However, this method also requires the installation of an exhaust vent for solar ventilation on the inner wall and the outer wall constructed of transparent insulation material. In winter, when solar ventilation is not required, the insulation may be deteriorated and the insulation construction may be incomplete or not. It is difficult to apply to existing buildings.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, by maximizing the energy saving effect by configuring to block the excessive amount of heat and at the same time to prevent heat acquisition and heat loss through the building envelope. The purpose is to provide a composite insulation structure that can be.

Insulation and heat acquiring technology using transparent heat insulator transmits solar radiation through transparent heat insulator and converts the transmitted light into heat using heat insulator which has light transmittance and heat insulator through which light can pass through It serves to reduce the heating and heating load of the building finally. In other words, the transparent insulation is installed on the walls of the building, glass or solar panels to maximize the energy saving effect of the building, it is also an environmentally friendly technology that can make the most of the natural energy of solar energy.

Insulation and heat acquisition process of the composite insulation structure using the transparent insulation material is heat as the direct sunlight or reflected light of the short wavelength of the sun passes through the transparent insulation material to reach the heat receiving surface of the structure to heat the outer wall structure as shown in FIG. It will raise the temperature. Therefore, the high temperature of such a structure not only prevents the heat of the room from leaking to the outside, but also provides energy to the room. The solar energy thus converted into heat is protected from the outside air by the high insulation performance of the transparent insulation material and the heat ray blocking effect of the longer wavelength, thereby increasing the solar energy acquisition efficiency. Since the transparent insulation supplies energy to the room, many energy saving effects can be obtained.

The transparent insulation used for the composite insulation structure is a heat insulating material that can pass light, unlike the existing heat insulating material, so that the light passing through the wall or the interior space of the transparent heat insulating material is converted into heat and can be used as a heat storage material, It also helps to protect this heat from outside air. The structure of the transparent insulation material for this purpose should be a partition structure that can suppress convection caused by air, and absorb a large amount of solar radiation input, but radiant heat exchange should be suppressed as much as possible. In addition, the material itself must be light-transmissive for low thermal conductivity and absorption and transmission of solar radiation.

1 is a conceptual diagram showing a comparison between the heat insulating and heat acquisition process of the opaque insulation structure constructed with a conventional opaque insulation and the composite insulation structure constructed with a transparent insulation of the present invention,

2 is a schematic diagram of a composite insulating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a propagation direction of light incident on a parallel absorbing structure transparent insulating material, which is a component of the composite insulating structure illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a propagation direction of light incident on a vertical absorption structure transparent insulating material, which is a component of the composite insulating structure illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a view illustrating a propagation direction of light incident on a cavity-structured transparent insulating material which is a component of the composite insulating structure illustrated in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a propagation direction of light incident on a uniform absorbing structure transparent insulating material, which is a component of the composite insulating structure illustrated in FIG. 2.

♠ Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawing ♠

1: protective plate 2: air layer

3: sunshade 4: fixed plate

5: transparent insulation material 6: solar absorber

7: outer wall 8: solar energy

In the composite insulation structure of the present invention for achieving the above object, in the composite insulation structure is installed on the outer wall of the building to obtain solar energy and at the same time to prevent the energy input to the indoor air conditioner to be dissipated to the outside through the wall, A transparent heat insulator having a light transmission so that solar energy can be smoothly supplied to the outer wall, and a heat insulator so that energy inside is not dissipated to the outside, and a protective plate installed at a predetermined interval to protect the transparent heat insulator; It is composed of a sunshade to block the supply of solar energy is provided in the air layer formed by the protective plate and the transparent heat insulating material, and a solar heat absorber for absorbing the solar heat transmitted through the transparent heat insulating material to supply to the outer wall.

In the following, with reference to the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of a composite insulating structure according to the present invention will be described in detail.

In the drawings, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a composite insulating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows a traveling direction of light incident on a parallel absorbing structure transparent insulating material which is a component of the composite insulating structure shown in FIG. 2. One drawing. 4 is a view illustrating a propagation direction of light incident on a vertical absorption structure transparent insulating material, which is a component of the composite insulating structure illustrated in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a cavity that is a component of the composite insulating structure illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a propagation direction of light incident on a structural transparent insulation, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a propagation direction of light incident on a transparent absorber having a uniform absorption structure, which is a component of the composite insulating structure illustrated in FIG. 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the composite insulating structure of the present invention is a transparent heat insulating material 5 for thermal insulation and heat storage, and a fixed plate 4 fixedly coupled to front and rear surfaces of the transparent heat insulating material 5 to fix the transparent heat insulating material 5. ) And a sunshade provided in the air barrier 2 formed by the protective plate 1 and the transparent heat insulating material 5 and the protective plate 1 provided at the front (outer side) at a predetermined distance from the transparent heat insulating material 5. It consists of the apparatus 3 and the solar heat absorber 6 provided in the back of the transparent heat insulating material 5, ie, the outer wall 7 of a building.

The composite insulating structure configured as described above is fixedly installed on the outer wall (7) of the building, the composite insulating structure fixedly installed on the wall (7) is the surface of the brick or concrete opaque and solar radiation is transmitted through the transparent insulation (5) Is absorbed in. This absorbed heat is introduced into the building through the wall and the heat flow outward is limited because the heat resistance of the transparent insulation (5) is large. At this time, the heat is supplied to the room in the late afternoon or evening when the most heat is required in view of the heat inflow into the room.

Hereinafter, the components of the composite insulating structure of the present invention configured as described above will be described in more detail.

The protective plate 1 is formed of tempered glass, plastic, or the like. The reason for installing the protective plate 1 on the outside of the transparent heat insulating material 5 is that the transparent heat insulating material 5 is exposed to external weather or other physical conditions such as wind, pollution, moisture, and the like. To protect it from power. In order to suppress infrared radiation, the protective plate 1 may be coated with a selective absorbing film capable of suppressing infrared radiation.

The sunshade 3 may overheat the transparent heat insulating material 5 by solar energy input in the summer, thereby reducing the durability of the transparent heat insulating material 5, or the outer wall 7 by the heat storage function of the transparent heat insulating material 5. In order to prevent overheating and an increase in room temperature, a roller blinder, a Venetian blinder, or the like is used.

The transparent heat insulator 5 is for heat insulation and heat storage, and synthetic resins such as polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, and glass are used. This transparent insulator 5 has a parallel absorbing structure, a vertical absorbing structure, a cavity structure and a similar uniform absorbing structure.

As shown in FIG. 3, the parallel absorbing structure has a shape in which the transparent heat insulating material 5 is parallel to the absorber 6, and is formed of parallel parallel slats and is made of transparent or opaque glass or plastic film. It is formed by being stacked in parallel. The number stacked at this time depends on the light reflection loss.

As shown in FIG. 4, the vertical absorbing structure has a shape in which the transparent insulating material 5 is perpendicular to the absorber 6, and has parallel parallel slats, honeycomb structures, and capillaries. It is structured. The advantage of this geometry is that it reflects solar radiation and collects it directly inside. The honeycomb structure has a cross-section cell of about 4 mm ² . The capillary structure is a hollow tube standing up, the diameter of the tube is in the range of 1 ~ 4mm, if the natural convection can be suppressed, the tube diameter of 4mm or more can be used. As the material used, synthetic resins such as polycarbonate (polycabonate), polymethyl methacrylate (polymethlmethacrylate), and glass are used.

As shown in FIG. 5, the cavity structure has a shape such as a combination of a parallel absorption structure and a vertical absorption structure, and is a cavity of several millimeters therein. The cavity is horizontal to the solar heat absorber 6 so as to be formed several times. And vertically stacked. This structure has the advantage of effectively suppressing convection.

The pseudo-uniform structure is formed by filling a glass fiber, a silica aerosol, or the like, between the fixed plate 4 formed of a plastic film, a thin plastic plate, or a glass plate, as shown in FIG. 6. .

The solar heat absorber 6 is intended to give an effect of raising the temperature by heating the outer wall 7 when the direct sunlight or the reflected light of the shorter wavelength of the sun passes through the transparent heat insulating material 5 and reaches the heat receiving surface of the structure. . As such a solar heat absorber 6, a black body or a metal plate which can absorb solar heat well can be used.

By installing the composite insulation structure constructed in this way on the outer wall (7) of the building, it is possible to simultaneously obtain heat and heat insulation through the composite insulation structure in winter when the outside weather is cold, thereby solving the energy saving of the building and at the same time, the insulator is insulated. It can be easily insulated. In addition, when the outside weather is not cold, such as spring, summer, and autumn, a sunshade (3) is installed to prevent the building from overheating more than necessary, so that the transparent insulation material (5) to the solar energy in the cold weather season This can prevent overheating and durability, or the outer wall 7 overheating due to the heat storage function of the transparent heat insulating material 5, thereby preventing the room temperature from rising.

Table 1 shows the heat permeability and energy transmittance of the composite insulating structure of the present invention and the conventional opaque wall (excluding the portion of the structural wall). As can be seen from Table 1, it can be seen that although the thickness of the composite insulation structure is about one third of the thickness of the opaque wall (excluding the portion of the structural wall), it exhibits the same heat permeability. This is because the role of the air layer in the structure is large, it is possible to increase the heat permeation resistance when the air layer is processed in a vacuum or filled with gas. In addition to the thermal permeability, the composite insulation structure has a higher energy transmittance compared to the opaque wall, thereby increasing the solar radiation acquisition effect.

In addition, Table 2 shows the results of examining the building energy saving rate considering the solar heat acquisition effect of the composite insulating structure of the present invention. As can be seen in Table 2, replacing the opaque insulation with the same heat permeation rate in the housing for the composite insulation structure can achieve 6-8% energy savings in the heater in some cases due to the solar heat acquisition effect.

Based on the above calculation results, the energy savings and carbon dioxide reduction effects expected in the domestic commercial and public sectors are analyzed as follows.

Energy analysis and carbon dioxide reduction effect analysis

(1) Calculation of energy savings in target technology (Unit: TOE (Tone of Energy), as of 1996) (When attached to the south exterior wall of the building for commercial and public sectors)

① Energy consumption: 5,554.7 thousand TOE (final energy consumption; energy census data, Korea Energy Economics Institute)

② Applicable technology rate: estimated at 10%

③ Energy saving rate: 7.5%

(2) Energy savings (annual)

5,554,700 TOE x 0.1 x 0.075 = 41,660 TOE

(3) carbon dioxide reduction effect

41,660 TOE x 41.868 GJ / TOE x 0.02 Carbon Ton / GJ = 34,884 Carbon Ton Reduction

(4) Comparison of Domestic CO2 Emissions and CO2 Reduction Effect as of 1996

34,884 tons of carbon / 110,000,000 tons of carbon x 100% = 0.032%

As described in detail above, when using the composite insulating structure of the present invention, the heat gain is greater than that of the heat loss compared to the opaque insulating building, thereby maximizing the energy saving effect. In addition, by reducing energy consumption required for heating the building through such energy saving, it is possible to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide generated when energy is used.

The technical details of the composite insulating structure of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

In addition, it is obvious that any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and imitations without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

Claims (12)

In the composite insulation structure that is installed on the outer wall of the building to obtain solar energy and at the same time prevent energy dissipated into the room air conditioner to the outside through the wall, A transparent heat insulator having light transmittance so that solar energy can be smoothly supplied to the outer wall and having heat insulation so that energy inside is not dissipated to the outside; And protective plate which is installed in the front at a predetermined interval to protect the transparent insulation, A sunshade for blocking the supply of solar energy is installed in the air layer formed by the protective plate and the transparent insulation, And a solar heat absorber for absorbing the solar heat transmitted through the transparent heat insulator and supplying it to the outer wall. The composite insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the transparent heat insulating material has a partition structure capable of suppressing convection caused by air. The composite insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the protective plate is glass or plastic, and a surface of the protective plate is coated with a selective absorption film so as to suppress infrared radiation. The composite thermal insulation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sunshade is a roller blinder or a Venetian blinder. The composite insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the transparent heat insulating material is formed by stacking a plurality of parallel slats parallel to the solar absorber. The composite insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the transparent heat insulating material is formed by stacking a plurality of parallel slats perpendicular to the solar absorber. The composite insulating structure of claim 1, wherein the transparent heat insulating material is formed by stacking a plurality of vertically perpendicular to the solar heat absorbers in a honeycomb structure or a capillary structure. The composite insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the transparent heat insulating material is formed by stacking the solar heat absorber horizontally and vertically so that a plurality of cavities are formed therein. The composite insulation structure according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the transparent heat insulating material is formed of polycarbonate or polymethlmethacrylate. The composite insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the transparent heat insulating material is a form in which a uniform material is filled in a fixture. The composite insulating structure according to claim 10, wherein the uniform material is glass fiber or silica aerosol. The composite insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein the solar heat absorber is formed of a black body or a metal plate that absorbs solar heat well.