JPH08187030A - Method for artificially culturing mushroom and liquid injection device used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide the method for culturing the mushroom, capable of stimulating the growth of the mushroom such as Flammylina velutipes to increase the yield thereof, and further to provide the liquid injection device used for the culture method. CONSTITUTION: The liquid injection device A is provided with a roller conveyer 1, a position-determining device 2, and an injection device 3. The position- determining device 2 having a vertically movable stop plate 22 is disposed in the table frame 10 of the roller conveyer 1. Container-fixing devices 23 are disposed on both the sides of the table frame 10. Fixing plates 25 capable of fixing the containers 5 by elongating rods are arranged on the rod heads of the air cylinders 24 of the container-fixing devices 23. The injection device 3 is disposed on the roller conveyer 1. The injection device 3 has an air cylinder 33 disposed on the spanned plate 32 of a support frame 31, and a lift plate 35 is attached to the rod head. Injection needle-fixing members 37 are disposed at the four positions of the lift plate 35, and four injection needles 38 are suspended from the injection needle-fixing members 37, respectively.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating mushrooms, and more specifically, a method for artificially cultivating mushrooms and a liquid used for the method, which enables growth of mushrooms to be increased. The present invention relates to a material injection device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms (hereinafter referred to as enoki) and shimeji mushrooms are currently mostly obtained by artificial cultivation. The general method of artificial cultivation of mushrooms is as follows. (1) Medium making process The materials used for the medium such as sawdust, corncob, and rice bran are mixed and mixed to make a medium. Then, the mixed and hydrated medium is quantified, filled in a container and sealed with a lid. (2) Sterilization process The container filled with the medium is heated with steam (about 120 ° C),
It kills harmful bacteria in the medium and promotes dissolution of nutrients in the medium necessary for mushrooms.

(3) Inoculation step The inoculum is inoculated into the medium in the container which has been heat-sterilized. (4) Culture step The inoculated inoculum is propagated in the medium in the container. (5) Bacteria scraping step After the hyphae have been propagated in the container, the surface of the medium to be germinated immediately is removed so that the hyphae do not deteriorate so that the hyphae do not remain.

(6) Sprouting step The primordia formation is completed and the fruiting bodies are elongated. (7) When cultivating Enoki, make the fruiting body and the size of the umbrella uniform. (8) Promote growth (in the case of enoki, wrap the paper around the fruiting body). (9) Harvest

In the step after the above-mentioned (4) culture, the humidity is adjusted by spraying water in a mist form using a humidifier to maintain the humidity of the entire room containing the container. There is. Further, the concentration of carbon dioxide is adjusted by introducing outside air into the chamber containing the container. Furthermore, the temperature is adjusted by an air conditioner.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted research to increase the yield in the artificial cultivation of mushrooms, especially the artificial cultivation of enoki. Among the above cultivation steps, in the cultivation step after (6) the budding step (germination), the number of fruiting bodies (the number of germinated germination) is extended by the water content of the medium (moisture content of 62 to 63%) to grow. This is a process, and the balance between the volume of the medium and the water content in the container and the area of the fungal bed to be germinated greatly affects the yield. Specifically, the initial water content in the container is an important factor that determines the yield.

In the artificial cultivation of enoki, a bottle is used as a cultivation container, and when the enoki grows up to fill the bottle mouth, this is taken out and shipped. Therefore, I thought that if the diameter of the bottle was increased, more harvests could be obtained. In fact, when the diameter of the bottle was increased by experiments, many fruiting bodies were obtained in the budding process of (6) above.

However, even if the number of fruiting bodies is increased, the length thereof is shortened (usually the length is extended to about 15 cm, but only the extension of about 10 cm is obtained). As a result, However, it was not possible to obtain a harvest of 240 to 250 g or more from one bottle (it is necessary to have a length of about 15 cm for shipping, which does not meet the shipping standard). From this, it was revealed that an increase in yield cannot be obtained by using a container having the same medium volume and water content and widening the fungal bed area.

Upon elucidating the reason, it was found that the water content was insufficient. As described above, the artificial cultivation of enoki does humidification, but the humidification cannot solve the water shortage. Therefore, we tried to inject water into the medium from the mouth of the bottle. On the surface of the growing medium, hyphae and enoki roots are dense, and it takes time for the medium to absorb water. For this reason, it has been found that when water is poured into the bottle from the bottle mouth, the portion exposed from the surface of the medium rots, so-called root rot.

An attempt was also made to pour water little by little so that root rot did not occur and the medium could absorb water. However, in this case, although root rot is unlikely to occur, it becomes clear that water accumulates on the mushrooms and becomes transparent, which is a so-called "water mushroom", and the commercial value is lost. In addition, we tried to increase the water content of the medium from the beginning, but it was also found that the hyphae grow poorly and become weak hyphae, resulting in lack of vitality.

The present inventors have found that an extreme reduction in medium contraction
(6) Paying attention to what happened in the growth process after the budding process, water or an aqueous solution having the nutrients necessary for the growth of the fruiting bodies of the mushrooms immediately before the growth process in the culture medium in which the hyphae are propagated. The present invention was completed based on this finding, which was found to increase the yield when directly injected into.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for cultivating mushrooms which promotes the growth of mushrooms and increases the yield. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid material injection device used in the above cultivation method.

[0013]

The structure of the invention taken to achieve the above object is as follows. According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cultivating a mushroom using a container, wherein during the mushroom cultivating process, the hyphae in the container are completely propagated, and from the formation of fruiting bodies to the completion of growth. A method for artificially cultivating mushrooms using a container, in which water or a liquid material required for growing fruit bodies of mushrooms is injected into the culture medium in the container.

In the second aspect of the invention, the method for cultivating mushrooms using the container according to the first aspect of the invention is such that the liquid material is injected during the period from the growth of fruit bodies of 3 to 5 mm to the completion of growth. is there.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid material injecting device used for mushroom cultivation using a container, which comprises a carrying means for carrying the container, a positioning means for positioning the container, Injecting means for injecting a liquid material into the positioned container, the injecting means comprising a required number of injecting needles and a transfer device for moving the injecting needles toward the positioned container, the liquid It is a material injection device.

A fourth aspect of the invention is the liquid substance injecting device according to the third aspect of the invention, wherein the injecting needle is provided with a required number of ejection ports along the length direction.

Water or a liquid required for the growth of fruiting bodies of mushrooms is poured into the culture medium in the container. The time of injecting water or a liquid substance may be after the sprouting, but the growth seems to be good when the length of the fruiting body is about 30 mm. The amount of water to be injected is preferably 50 to 100 cc, of which 80 to 100 cc is preferable. The injection position is 5 cm to 15 cm below the surface of the medium, and 1 is particularly preferable.
It is in the range of 0 cm to 15 cm.

If the amount of water or liquid is less than 50 cc, there is no difference in growth. As an example of liquid material, water content 5
2.1 g, protein 14.6 g, fat 0.1 g, ash 5.6
Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, an aqueous solution having a composition of g, carbohydrates 27.6 g, and calcium 0.4 g.

When water or a liquid substance necessary for the growth of fruiting bodies of mushrooms is injected, the enoki grows into a dense state and grows, showing a clear difference from the case of not injecting from the time of growth. And after 50 days of germination, it grows before it can be shipped. The grown enoki trees did not change in taste as compared with those without water or liquid injection.

[0020]

The container containing the fruiting bodies in the culture medium is conveyed by the conveying means. Usually, a plurality of containers are collectively arranged and transported on the base plate, but the container is not limited thereto. The container is positioned at a predetermined position by the positioning means.
The transfer device moves the injection needle in the direction of the container and pierces the inside of the container. A required amount of water or a liquid substance necessary for growing the fruiting body of a mushroom is injected into the container from an injection needle.
The injection needle is moved by the transfer device, removed from the container, and the container is conveyed to the discharge side.

When the injection needle is provided with a required number of injection ports in the lengthwise direction, water or a liquid substance can be evenly injected into the container.

[0022]

【Example】

1. Cultivation Method (Example) The cultivation method according to the present invention will be described in more detail. Table 1 shows Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.
As examples, the case of water injection cultivation and the case of liquid material injection cultivation were listed. Further, as comparative examples, the cultivation results of other companies by the conventional method, the cultivation results of the company (1), and the cultivation results of the company (2) are listed. The cultivation was carried out in 160 bottles each.

[0023]

[Table 1]

In both cases of water injection and liquid material injection, 100 cc each was injected with a syringe. The injection position is 12 cm below the surface of the medium. The number of growth days required after injection was 6 to 9 days, respectively. As is clear from Table 1, the number of days of cultivation is the same as that of the conventional method, but the harvest amount per bottle was 240 to 250 g in the case of the conventional method, but 280 to 290 g in the case of water injection, 32 for liquid injection
A yield of 0-330 g was obtained.

2. Liquid Material Injecting Device The present invention will be described in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 is a front view of a liquid material injection device according to the present invention, FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the liquid material injection device according to the present invention in which the positioning device is omitted, FIG. 3 is a side view of the liquid material injection device according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an injection device and positioning device of the liquid material injection device according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the structure of the injection needle, in which one side is omitted.

Reference numeral A is a liquid material injecting device, which is provided with a roller conveyor 1 as a conveying means, a positioning device 2 as a positioning means, and an injecting device 3 as an injecting means. The roller conveyor 1 is horizontally provided above the base frame 10. Casters 11, 11 are provided at the four lower corners of the underframe 10.
・ ・ Is provided. The roller conveyor 1 includes a required number of rollers 13, 13 ... Arranged at regular intervals. Each roller 13 is belt driven by a driving device (not shown).

A positioning device 2 is provided near the rear of the base frame 10 (on the left side in FIG. 1). The positioning device 2 has an air cylinder 21. The air cylinder 21 is provided below the base frame 10. A stop plate 22 is vertically attached to the rod head of the air cylinder 21. When the stop plate 22 is raised, the roller 13
It is designed to project upward from between.

Angles 12, 12 are provided on the front side (right side in FIG. 1) of the stop plate 22 and on both sides of the base frame 10.
Container fixing devices 23, 23 are provided through (shown in FIG. 3). The container fixing devices 23, 23 are provided to face each other with the roller conveyor 1 interposed therebetween. The container fixing device 2
Since the structures of 3 and 23 are the same, the detailed structure will be described only for one container fixing device 23.

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. Container fixing device 23
Is provided on the angle 12 provided on the upper portion of the base frame 10 as described above. An air cylinder 24 that constitutes a transfer device is horizontally mounted on the angle 12. The height of the air cylinder 24 is set higher than that of the roller conveyor 1. On the rod head of the air cylinder 24, five thin thin plate-like fixing plates 25, ... Are arranged side by side at equal intervals. The intervals and heights of the fixing plates 25 are set so as to enter the gaps between the necks of the adjacent containers 4 as described later. When the rod of the air cylinder 24 extends, the fixed plate 25 has its tip end positioned substantially in the middle in the width direction of the roller conveyor 1, and when the rod moves backward, the tip end is disengaged from the roller conveyer 1 in plan view. Is set to.

An injection device 3 is provided above the container 4 at the stop position. The injection device 3 includes a support frame 31 which is provided upright on the base frame 10. An air cylinder 33 is attached to the central portion of the frame plate 32 of the support frame 31 with the rod head facing downward. In addition, the insertion tool 3 is provided on both sides of the air cylinder 33 of the bridge plate 32.
4, 34 penetrate and are attached.

An elevating plate 35 is attached to the rod head of the air cylinder 33. The elevating plate 35 has a quadrangular shape, and guide rods 36, 36 are provided upright on the upper surface of the elevating plate 35 at positions corresponding to the insertion tools 34, 34. Guide rod 3
Reference numerals 6 and 36 are slidably inserted through the insertion tools 34 and 34.

On the lower surface of the elevating plate 35, injection needle fixing portions 37, 37, ... Are provided at four locations. In the present embodiment, the containers 4 are arranged in four rows and four columns each, so that a total of sixteen containers 4 are conveyed at one time (see FIG. 4), and the injection needle fixing portions 37, 37 ... Are arranged in four units corresponding to the central part of each unit. The injection needle fixing portions 37, 37 ...
8 and 38 are provided so as to hang down at a position where they can be inserted into the container 4.

Each injection needle 38 is provided with a required number of injection ports 380 in the length direction. The ejection port 380 is formed so as to eject in various directions in the axial direction (see FIG. 5). Further, a liquid feeding means (not shown) for feeding water or a liquid substance is connected to each of the injection needles 38.

(Operation) The operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. (1) By the roller conveyor 1, the containers 4, 4, ... Containers 4, 4
As described above, the sixteen sets are carried on the carrying member 5 (shown in FIG. 5) as a set. (2) The transport member 5 hits the stop plate 22 protruding upward from the roller conveyor 1 to stop the containers 4, 4, ...

(3) The air cylinders 24 of the container fixing devices 23, 23 are operated, and the fixing plates 25, 25 ... Move from both sides of the roller conveyor 1 to the central portion. Each fixed plate 2
5 is inserted into the gap between the necks of the adjacent containers 4 to fix each container 4. (4) The air cylinder 33 operates and the injection needles 38, 38
... descends and is inserted into the containers 4, 4 ...

(5) The liquid feeding means is activated, water or a liquid substance is ejected from the ejection port 380 of each injection needle 38, and the container 4,
4 ... The required amount is evenly injected within. (6) The air cylinder 33 operates and the injection needles 38, 38
... rises. Further, the air cylinders 24, 24 are operated, the fixing plates 25, 25 ... Move to both sides, and the fixing of the containers 4, 4 ,. (7) The transport member 5 carries the containers 4, 4, ... And is transported to the discharge side. The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims.

[0037]

The present invention having the above-mentioned structure has the following effects. According to the mushroom cultivation method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for artificial cultivation in which the mushroom yield is approximately doubled. Further, according to the liquid material injection device of the present invention, the work of injecting water or a liquid material into a container used for mushroom cultivation can be efficiently performed. Furthermore, in the liquid material injection device in which the injection needle is provided with a required number of ejection ports in the length direction, water or liquid material can be evenly injected into the container.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a liquid material injection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view in which a positioning device of the liquid material injection device according to the present invention is omitted.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the liquid material injection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view in which one of the injection device and the positioning device of the liquid material injection device according to the present invention is omitted.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the structure of an injection needle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Liquid material injecting device 1 Roller conveyor 10 frames 11 Casters 12 Angle 13 Roller 2 Positioning device 21 Air cylinder 22 Stop plate 23 Container fixing device 24 Air cylinder 25 Fixing plate 3 Injecting device 31 Support frame 32 Mounting plate 33 Air cylinder 34 Insert Tool 35 Lifting plate 36 Guide rod 37 Injection needle fixing part 38 Injection needle 380 Injection port

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kondo ▲ Kotobuki ▼ 1-881 Araki Araki-machi, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka (72) Inventor Yosuke Shiratsu 1197-15 Oda, Amagi-shi, Fukuoka

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating a mushroom using a container, wherein during the mushroom cultivating step, the hyphae in the container have been propagated and the fruit body has been formed and the growth has been completed. A method for artificially cultivating mushrooms using a container, which comprises injecting water or a liquid substance required for growing fruit bodies of mushrooms into the culture medium of. 2. The injection of the liquid material causes the elongation of the fruit body to be 3 to 5 mm.
The method for cultivating a mushroom using the container according to claim 1, wherein the method is performed from the time to the completion of growth. 3. A liquid material injecting device used for mushroom cultivation using a container, the device comprising a conveying means for conveying the container, a positioning means for positioning the container, and a liquid material for the positioned container. Injection means for injecting the liquid material, wherein the injection means is provided with a required number of injection needles and a transfer device for transferring the injection needles to the positioned container. apparatus. 4. The liquid material injecting device according to claim 3, wherein the injecting needle is provided with a required number of outlets along the length direction.