JPH08178237A - Combustion method for waste incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To perform control of a gasifying speed by means of a combustion amount of a burner by a method wherein combustion by a burner is effected so that oxygen concentration in a combustion product in a gasifying chamber is adjusted to a specified value to effect an endothermic gasifying reaction of waste in the gasifying chamber, and gasified combustible gas is introduced to a secondary combustion chamber having a specified temperature and combustion is completed. CONSTITUTION: In a gasifying chamber 1, combustion of a primary burner 2 is controlled so that oxygen concentration in a combustion product due to combustion by a primary burner 2 is reduced to 15% or less. Waste 8 is gasified by heat generated by the primary burner 2, gasified combustion gas is introduced to a wide secondary combustion chamber 3 of 800 deg.C or higher through a communication part 4, and a sufficient combustion aid is fed to complete combustion. Secondary air for combustion is introduced as combustion aid in a secondary combustion chamber 3 through an air injection part 5 as it is or completion combustion may be effected by O2 in combustion gas in such a way that high surplus air combustion through which oxygen concentration in a combustion product is at least 18% in a secondary burner 6 is executed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion method for a waste incinerator.

[0002]

[Prior art]

There are the following two combustion methods in the conventional incinerator. The furnace shown in FIG. 1 uses the most general combustion method, and is a method in which all the air required for combustion of waste is supplied from the bottom and burned. The furnace shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 uses a combustion method called dry distillation combustion, gasification combustion, stepwise combustion, etc. After igniting the waste with an ignition burner, air below the theoretical air amount is supplied. Partial combustion is performed, the combustible components are gasified by the generated heat, secondary air is mixed with the gasified combustible components, and complete combustion is performed in the secondary combustion chamber.

[0004]

The combustion method adopted in the incinerator shown in FIG. 1 is such that when various wastes are put into the gasification chamber, for example, plastics, waste oil, etc. having a high heating value are put in. Then, a rapid combustion occurs, the gasification chamber becomes extremely hot, which not only damages the furnace body but also produces a large amount of black smoke. Also, for example, if a low calorific value is input, combustion cannot be maintained only by the heat generated by itself, or if a heat insulating layer such as a paper diaper is input, heat transfer to the unburned part There is a problem that it becomes insufficient and unburned residue occurs. Figure 2
Also, in the combustion method of the furnace shown in FIG. 3, the same problem as in the case of occurs. That is, since the heat generated by partial combustion of the waste itself is used for gasification, when a highly exothermic substance such as waste oil or plastic that is easy to burn is added, a large amount of combustible gas is generated due to rapid partial combustion. However, in the secondary combustion chamber, black smoke is generated because the combustion cannot be completed. Further, when a low calorific value substance is added, sufficient heat for gasification cannot be obtained by its own partial combustion heat, and there is a problem that so-called unburned residue is generated. In general, the above-mentioned conventional techniques and the like have a problem that the state of combustion and the gasification rate are greatly influenced by the easiness of reaction of the waste itself, resulting in various problems.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to the gasification while burning the burner so that the oxygen concentration in the combustion products is 15% or less in the gasification chamber. An endothermic gasification reaction of waste in a room is conducted, and the gasified combustible gas is guided to a secondary combustion chamber at 800 ° C or higher to complete combustion, thereby providing a combustion method for a waste incinerator. is there.

Further, according to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the oxygen concentration in the combustion products in the secondary combustion chamber is 18
% Excess of excess air is performed by a secondary burner to burn combustible gas gasified with O ₂ in the combustion gas, and a combustion method for a waste incinerator is provided. To do.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention also introduces only air into the secondary combustion chamber to burn the gasified combustible gas and burns the waste incinerator. Is provided.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized in that a gasified combustible gas is retained for 2 seconds or more and burned in a secondary combustion chamber, and burned. Is provided.

[0009]

In the gasification chamber, the endothermic gasification reaction of the waste is carried out while burning the burner so that the oxygen concentration in the combustion product becomes 15% or less, and the gasified combustible gas is
Combustion is completed while being guided to the secondary combustion chamber at 800 ° C or higher and staying for 2 seconds or more.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference numeral 1 is a gasification chamber, and 2 is a gasification chamber 1.
It is a primary burner installed at the bottom of the. 3 is a secondary combustion chamber, 4 is a communication part, and 5 is a secondary air ejection part. 6 is a secondary burner, and 7 is an outlet part to the exhaust gas cleaning tower. 8 indicates the waste that has been thrown in.

In the gasification chamber 1, the primary burner 2 starts combustion, but the combustion of the primary burner 2 is controlled so that the oxygen concentration in the combustion product due to the combustion becomes 15% or less. Waste 8 by controlling to this low oxygen concentration
It will not burn itself. Then, the waste 8 is gasified by the heat generated in the primary burner 2. Since the gasification reaction is an endothermic reaction, it is gasified by the amount of heat applied, so that the gasification rate can be easily controlled. The gasified combustible gas is guided to a wide secondary combustion chamber 3 (holding time of 2 seconds or more) at 800 ° C. or higher through the communication part 4, and completes combustion by receiving sufficient supply of the combustion-supporting agent. As the combustion-supporting agent, secondary air for combustion may be introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 3 as it is from the air ejection portion 5, or in the secondary burner 6, the oxygen concentration in the combustion product may be 18% or more. Such high excess air combustion may be performed to complete combustion with O ₂ in the combustion gas. The temperature of 800 ° C. or higher in the secondary combustion chamber 3 is controlled and maintained by the secondary burner 6.

[0012]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. The waste in the gasification chamber is heated and gasified by the heat generated in the burner in an atmosphere of low O ₂ %. Therefore, it cannot burn itself, and the gasification is performed as much as the heat given. As a result, the gasification rate can be controlled by the combustion amount of the burner, and it is easy to keep it constant. Even if the waste is a low calorific substance,
The burner can provide a sufficient amount of heat for gasification. In this way, the gasification rate does not depend on the waste but can be completely controlled only by the combustion amount of the burner, and the temperature in the gasification chamber can be completely controlled as well.
A certain amount of combustible gasified is wide (residence time is 2 seconds or more) and is mixed with the combustion-supporting agent in the secondary combustion chamber at 800 ° C or higher to complete combustion, and black smoke is completely prevented. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view of a conventional waste incinerator.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view of a conventional waste incinerator.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory sectional view of a conventional waste incinerator.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Gasification chamber 2 Primary burner 3 Secondary combustion chamber 4 Communication section 5 Secondary air jet section 6 Secondary burner 7 Exhaust section 8 Waste

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location F23G 5/50 N (72) Inventor Hiroshi Kosuge 2-1-6 Nagi, Iseta Town, Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. The endothermic gasification reaction of the waste in the gasification chamber is gasified while burning the burner so that the oxygen concentration in the combustion product is 15% or less in the gasification chamber. Combustion gas is introduced into a secondary combustion chamber of 800 ° C or higher to complete combustion, and a combustion method for a waste incinerator. 2. In the secondary combustion chamber, high excess air combustion is carried out by a secondary burner so that the oxygen concentration in the combustion products becomes 18% or more, and is gasified with O ₂ in the combustion gas. The method for burning a waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the combustible gas is burned. 3. The combustion method for a waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein only the air is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber to burn the gasified combustible gas. 4. The combustion method for a waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the combustible gas that has been gasified is retained for 2 seconds or more and burned in the secondary combustion chamber.