JPH08170477A - Curtain opening/closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To open/close a curtain smoothly by providing an energizing member interposed between a shaft and a winding shaft so as to apply energizing force always in the fixed rotating direction regardless of the rotating direction of the shaft and winding shaft and thereby to impart tension to the curtain and a guide cable. CONSTITUTION: At the time of closing the opening part 15 of a building by a slat curtain 3, the curtain 3 wound on a winding shaft 2 is pulled out in the closing direction by gripping one edge 3a of the curtain 3. The winding shaft 2 is rotated in relation to a shaft 4, and at the same time, the shaft 4 is rotated through an energizing member 12. A winding pulley 9 is thereby rotated, and a guide cable 10 connected to the curtain 3 is wound. At this time, rotational difference is generated to the winding shaft 2 and winding pulley 9 different in outer diameter, but this is absorbed by the energizing means 12, and torque generated to the energizing means 12 always imparts tension to the curtain 3 and guide cable 10, so that the curtain is opened/closed without looseness.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a curtain opening / closing device which is used for an opening of a building such as a house, for example, a ventilation opening or a daylighting window and closes the opening of the building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An opening provided on a wall surface of a building such as a house is provided as a ventilation opening or a daylighting window, and a shutter curtain, a roll screen or the like is provided for the purpose of shielding the opening. However, a mechanism for opening and closing a shutter curtain or a roll screen provided in such a building opening is provided below the opening depending on the position where the opening is formed, and is configured to be closed by raising the shutter curtain, That is, the pull-up shutter device is installed.

Conventionally, a pull-up type shutter device of this type has a take-up shaft for taking up a slat curtain, which is axially supported by a shutter case arranged below the opening of a building, and which is attached to the take-up shaft. It is configured to wind up or rewind,
A take-up reel is rotatably supported on a support shaft arranged in parallel with the take-up shaft, and the take-up reel is attached in one rotation direction by a torsion coil spring interposed between the take-up reel and the support shaft. The hanging rope wound around the take-up reel is made to make a U-turn through a pulley arranged above the shutter opening and is guided downward to be connected to the upper edge of the slat curtain. Things are known.

Further, similarly to the above, a shutter is wound around a shaft arranged below the building opening, the shutter is lifted up by a winding string, and the winding string is wound and unwound. In addition to lifting and lowering the shutter to open and close it, the balancer is connected to the left and right ends of the shutter upper edge via ropes and pulleys to maintain horizontal balance when the shutter is moved up and down. -122891 gazette.

[0005]

However, in the conventional opening / closing mechanism described above, in the former mechanism, when the slat curtain is raised and closed, the weight of the slat curtain increases due to this rise, and the slat curtain is rewound. By this rotation, the support shaft that rotates by
There is a drawback that the spring will be tightened and this spring torque will increase, and the pulling force of the slat curtain will increase synergistically, that is, the slat curtain will rise as it approaches the closed state. There was a problem that the power to do so would increase.

In the latter mechanism of the above-mentioned conventional opening / closing mechanism, a balancer is provided to assist the up-and-down movement of the shutter and to raise and lower the shutter so that it is always kept horizontal without tilting. Since this balancer must be arranged so that it is always suspended in the vertical direction, there is a drawback that the position of the shutter equipped with this opening / closing mechanism is limited to only the vertical wall surface of the building. Have

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention makes it possible to smoothly rotate the winding shaft for winding and rewinding the curtain, and smoothly open and close the curtain. It is an object of the present invention to provide a curtain opening / closing device capable of performing stable opening / closing regardless of the installation position such as a sloping roof surface.

[0008]

Means for achieving the above object will be described below with reference to the drawings corresponding to the embodiments. The curtain opening / closing device 1 according to the present invention includes a shaft 4 which is located on one side of the building opening 15 and is arranged along the one side, and both ends 4a of which are rotatably supported.
A winding shaft 2 which is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the shaft 4 and which closes the opening 15 along which the curtain 3 is wound.
A guide line 10 connected to one end edge 3a of the curtain 3 for guiding the opening and closing of the curtain 3, and arranged coaxially with the winding shaft 2 and fixed to the shaft 4, and the winding shaft 2 The guide rope 10 is rotated in the same direction as that of the guide rope 10
A take-up pulley 9 for taking up and rewinding, and a guide means 11 for guiding the guide rope 10 to the take-up pulley 9.
The curtain 3 and the guide rope are provided between the shaft 4 and the winding shaft 2 and always exert a biasing force in a constant rotating direction regardless of the rotating directions of the shaft 4 and the winding shaft 2. And a biasing member 12 for imparting tension to the member 10.

The winding diameter of the winding shaft 2 may be set to be larger than the winding diameter of the winding pulley 9.

[0010]

When closing the opening 15 of the building with the curtain 3, the curtain 3 wound on the winding shaft 2 is pulled out in the closing direction by gripping one end edge 3a of the curtain 3 or the like. The winding shaft 2 rotates with respect to the shaft 4, and at the same time, the shaft 4 follows the rotation via the biasing member 12 and rotates. At this time, the urging member 12 rotates the shaft 4 in a state in which the urging force acts. As a result, the winding pulley 9 rotates and the guide rope 10 connected to the curtain 3 is wound.

When the curtain 3 is opened, the curtain 3
The curtain 3 is moved in the opening direction by grasping the one end edge 3a thereof. By moving the curtain 3, the guide rope 1
0 is towed and sequentially rewound from the winding pulley 9 via the guide means 11. The shaft 4 is rotated by the rotation of the winding pulley 9, and at the same time, the winding shaft 2 is rotated via the biasing member 12.
Will follow and rotate. At this time, the urging member 12 rotates the winding shaft 2 while the urging force is applied. As a result, the curtain 3 is wound around the winding shaft 2. In addition, since the biasing force of the biasing member 12 provided between the shaft 4 and the winding shaft 2 is always working,
The curtain 3 and the guide ropes 10 always have tension and do not loosen.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the curtain opening / closing device of the present invention will be specifically described below. Curtain opening / closing device 1 of the present embodiment
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the winding shaft 2 is disposed below the opening 15 formed in the vertical wall surface of the building, and the slat curtain 3 as a curtain is suspended from above. A pull-up type shutter device for raising and lowering the slat curtain 3 will be described.

First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a shaft 4 for rotatably supporting the winding shaft 2 is provided with a pair of brackets arranged on both left and right sides below a building opening 15. 5 and 5 are horizontally bridged, and both ends 4a thereof are rotatably supported and attached to bearing portions 5a protrudingly provided on the inner surface of each bracket 5.

As shown in FIG. 2, the winding shaft 2 has a disk-shaped adapter 6 having a through hole 6a which is rotatable with respect to a shaft 4, and an outer diameter which is the same as that of the adapter 6. Like the adapter 6, it is composed of a cylindrical spacer 7 that is rotatable about the shaft 4 and a connecting rod 8 that connects the adapter 6 and the spacer 7, and a hanging element (not shown) is provided on the outer circumference. The slat curtain 3 is connected and wound via the slat curtain 3.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, winding pulleys 9, 9 are fixedly mounted on both ends 4a of the shaft 4 located at both ends of the winding shaft 2, respectively. These take-up pulleys 9,
One end of a guide rope 10 made of a wire or the like is fixed to each of the wires 9, and these guide ropes 10 are wound and unwound.

Incidentally, the winding direction of the guide rope 10 wound around these winding pulleys 9 is opposite to the winding direction of the slat curtain 3 of the winding shaft 2, and these winding pulleys are also wound. The outer diameter of the winding portion around which the guide rope 10 of 9 is wound is set and formed to be smaller than the outer diameter of the winding shaft 2.

The other end of each guide line 10 is connected and fixed to the left and right ends of one edge 3a which is the uppermost edge of the slat curtain 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, each of the guide ropes 10 is a take-up pulley 9 by means of a guide means 11 including a plurality of guide pulleys arranged on a skirting board or the like forming the building opening 15.
Between the slat curtain and one edge 3a of the slat curtain
It is bridged over the upper side of.

A torsion coil spring 12 as a biasing member is interposed between the shaft 4 on which the winding pulley 9 is fixedly mounted and the adapter 6 of the winding shaft 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, the torsion coil spring 12 has one end 12 a fixed to the shaft 4 and is wound around the shaft 4, and the other end 12 b fixed to the plate surface of the adapter 6. ing.

The torsion coil spring 12 is preliminarily twisted and attached a predetermined number of times, and the adapter 6 which is rotatable with respect to the shaft 4, that is, the winding shaft 2 is always attached to the shaft 4. The biasing force acts so as to rotate in a fixed direction.

The direction in which this urging force acts is independent of the direction of rotation of the shaft 4 and the adapter 6 (winding shaft 2),
In order to keep the guide rope 10 and the slat curtain 3 connecting the winding shaft 2 and the winding shaft 2 in a state in which the tension is always maintained, that is, the torsion coil spring 12 generates a rotational force to rewind the shaft 4. The winding shaft 2 is set to rotate in the opposite direction to the winding direction of the guide rope 10 wound around the winding pulley 9 of the shaft 4.

On both the left and right sides of the building opening 15,
As shown in FIG. 1, a guide rail 13 for guiding the lifting and lowering of the slat curtain 3 is provided, and a building opening 15 is provided.
A storage portion (not shown) for storing the slat curtain 3 wound around the winding shaft 2 is disposed on the lower side.

Next, the operation of the pull-up shutter device 1 which is the curtain opening / closing device configured as described above will be described. First, when the slat curtain 3 is fully opened or fully closed, or when the slat curtain 3 is in the midway position and stopped, the slat curtain 3 and the take-up pulley wound around the take-up shaft 2 are stopped. Since the guide rope 10 wound around 9 is always urged in the winding direction by the action of the torsion coil spring 12, the slat curtain 3 and the guide rope 10 are always under tension. This state is maintained and this stopped state is maintained.

Next, below the opening 15 of the building, the slat curtain 3 is fully wound around the winding shaft 2 (see FIG. 3), or is stopped halfway, and then closed. That is, when raising the slat curtain 3, the upper end 3a of the slat curtain 3 is grasped and lifted, but when the slat curtain 3 is raised (arrow line S in FIG. 3), the slat curtain 3 is wound from the winding shaft 2. The winding shaft 2 is returned and moves upward along the guide rail 13, and the winding shaft 2 rotates with respect to the shaft 4, whereby the torsion coil spring 12 is tightly wound around the shaft 4.

The tightening of the torsion coil spring 12 is
A biasing force that causes the torsion coil spring 12 to loosen (rewind) to the initial twisted state is generated, and the shaft 4 follows the rotation of the winding shaft 2 to rotate. The guide rope 10 that starts to descend (arrow line D) at the same time as the slat curtain 3 moves up (arrow line S) is wound around the winding pulley 9 as the shaft 4 rotates.

At this time, although there is a difference in rotation between the winding shaft 2 and the winding pulley 9 having different outer diameters, the torsion coil spring 1
2 will absorb this. In order to absorb the rotation difference by the torsion coil spring 12, the winding amount of the torsion coil spring 12 caused by the rotation of the winding shaft 2 having a diameter larger than that of the winding pulley 9 is set to A, and the torsion caused by the rotation of the winding pulley 9 is used. If the amount of rewinding of the torsion coil spring 12 is B and the predetermined number of pre-twisting of the torsion coil spring 12 is the initial number of twists, the relationship is (AB) <(number of initial twists). As a result, the torque generated by the torsion coil spring 12 constantly applies tension to the slat curtain 3 and the guide rope 10, and the slat curtain 3 is opened and closed without slack.

Next, the building opening 15 is closed by the slat curtain 3 in a fully closed state (see FIG. 4) or stopped halfway, that is, the slat curtain 3 is lowered (FIG. 4). 4 middle arrow line O), the upper end 3a of the slat curtain 3 is grasped and lowered,
When the slat curtain 3 is lowered (arrow line O), the slat curtain 3 is moved downward along the guide rail 13, and the guide rope 10 connected to the slat curtain 3 is pulled and the take-up pulley 9 rotates. It is rewound and unrolled (arrow U). The rotation of the winding pulley 9 causes the shaft 4 to rotate with respect to the winding shaft 2, whereby the torsion coil spring 12 is tightly wound around the winding shaft 2.

The tightening of the torsion coil spring 12 is
The torsion coil spring 12 generates an urging force to loosen (rewind) the initial twisted state,
The winding shaft 2 follows the rotation of the shaft 4 to rotate, and the guide rope 10 that starts to rise (arrow line U) when the slat curtain 3 descends (arrow line O) winds when the shaft 4 rotates. The slat curtain 3 which is unwound from the take-up pulley 9 and descends on the take-up shaft 2 which is rotated by this urging force is taken up at the same time.

At this time, the take-up shaft 2 and the take-up pulley 9 having different outer diameters have the same rotational difference as when the slat curtain 3 is raised, but the torsion coil spring 12 absorbs the difference. Become. To absorb the difference in rotation of the torsion coil spring 12, the amount of rewinding by the rotation of the winding shaft 2 having a diameter larger than that of the winding pulley 9 is A, and the amount of tightening by the rotation of the winding pulley 9 is B. Twist coil spring 12
If the predetermined number of times of twisting of is the initial number of twists,
(BA) <(initial number of twists)
As a result, the torque generated by the torsion coil spring 12 constantly applies tension to the slat curtain 3 and the guide rope 10, and the slat curtain 3 is opened and closed without slack.

Here, the slat curtain 3 described above is used.
The relationship of the balance at the time of opening / closing (elevating) operation of is detailed. Note that in FIG. 5 used in this description, the winding shaft 2 and the winding pulley 9 which are coaxially arranged are drawn separately. First,
When the slat curtain 3 is in the fully opened state (see FIG. 5A), the winding radius on the winding shaft 2 side is R ₁ , the winding radius on the winding pulley 9 side is R ₂ , the spring torque of the torsion coil spring 12 is T,
The pulling force of the slat curtain 3 is F, the load of the slat curtain 3 is W, and the winding radius of the winding shaft 2 side when the slat curtain 3 is fully closed (see FIG. 5B) is R ₁ ′, The winding radius of the winding pulley 9 side is R ₂ ′, the spring torque of the torsion coil spring 12 is T ′, the pulling force of the slat curtain 3 is F ′, the load of the slat curtain 3 is W ′, and R ₁ > R, respectively. ₁ '> 0,0 <R ₂ <R ₂ ', T>
T ′, W <W ′, R ₁ > R ₂ .

When the direction of the force acting in the direction of raising the slat curtain 3 is +, and the direction of the force of the direction in which the slat curtain 3 descends is −, the fully opened state of the slat curtain 3 shown in FIG. 5 (a). The balance equation at this time is F + (T / R ₂ ) = (T / R ₁ ) + W, that is, F = T ((R ₂ −R ₁ ) / (R ₁ · R ₂ )) + W
Becomes

Further, the balance equation when the slat curtain 3 shown in FIG. 5 (b) is in the fully closed state is F '+ (T' /
R ₂ ') = (T' / R ₁ ') + W', that is, F '
= T a _{'((R 2' -R 1} ') / (R 1' · R 2 ')) + W'.

Here, F ≠ F ', and F <F'
Is.

From the above relationship, a graph as shown in FIG. 6 is obtained. The vertical axis is the slat curtain 3
The vertical length of the vertical axis, the horizontal axis represents the magnitude of force, the vertical axis shows the closed (up) direction, the downward direction shows the open (down) direction,
In the figure, the right direction of the horizontal axis indicates the direction of the pulling force (+) of the slat curtain 3, and the left direction indicates the direction of the descending force (-) of the slat curtain 3.

According to this graph (FIG. 6), the weight W of the slat curtain 3 increases as the slat curtain 3 is pulled up (closed direction), and the force (downward force) to lower the slat curtain 3 increases. Since the torque T of the torsion coil spring 12 gradually decreases due to changes in the respective winding diameters R ₁ and R ₂ , the force F for lifting the slat curtain 3 does not increase significantly, but only gradually increases. As can be seen from the formula, the force F for lifting the slat curtain 3 becomes smaller than the weight W of the slat curtain 3, that is, the lifting operation of the slat curtain 3 can be made much smaller than the force for lifting the slat curtain 3 itself. It is possible to perform a light and smooth opening operation.

In particular, in this embodiment, the winding shaft 2 side
Roll diameter R₁Is the winding diameter R on the take-up pulley 9 side ₂Set larger
Therefore, the slat curtain 3 to be pulled up has its own weight W.
Compared with this, the force F to pull it up can be reduced,
Fully open state where the curtain 3 is wound around the winding shaft 2.
So it's a good balance.

Therefore, according to the pull-up type shutter device 1 as the curtain opening / closing device configured as described above, the winding shaft 2 for winding the slat curtain 3 and the guide rope 1 are provided.
Since the take-up pulley 9 that winds up 0 is mounted on the same shaft 4, the entire device can be downsized, and a simple structure can be achieved. Further, like the conventional opening / closing mechanism, Since there is no need to use, there is no restriction on the installation position in buildings, etc., and it can be installed even on skylights with a sloping roof surface, and even if it is installed on such an inclined surface, it can open and close smoothly. it can.

Further, the winding shaft 2 and the shaft 4 of the winding pulley 9 are connected by a torsion coil spring (urging member) 12, and the urging force of the urging member 12 causes the winding shaft 2 to be connected to the winding shaft 2. Since the slat curtain 3 and the guide rope 10 that are connected to the shaft 4 (winding pulley 9) are always provided with tension, the slat curtain 3 is not loosened and a reliable opening / closing operation is performed. With this urging force, the guide rope 10 is attached to the shaft 4 and the winding shaft 2.
Also, the slat curtain 3 can be surely wound without slack, and the opening / closing operation can be smoothly performed.

Further, the force for pulling up the slat curtain 3 is assisted by a torsion coil spring 12 which is a biasing member. The torsion coil spring 12 includes a winding shaft 2 and a shaft 4 which are rotatable relative to each other. Since both are not fixed to the other part and the other always follows one other, the biasing force of the torsion coil spring 12 is It does not change significantly, and the urging force 12 changes only by a slight increase or decrease caused by the difference between the winding diameter of the winding shaft 2 and the winding diameter of the winding pulley 9. Therefore, a large force is required. It is possible to open and close the slat curtain 3 without doing so, and particularly the pulling up operation, which is a closing operation, can be performed very easily.

Although the winding diameter R ₁ on the winding shaft 2 side is set to be larger than the winding diameter R ₂ on the winding pulley 9 side in the above-described embodiment, the winding diameter on the winding pulley 9 side is set. diameter R ₂ may be larger constructed from winding diameter R ₁ of the winding shaft 2 side. In this case, as the slat curtain 3 is pulled up, the force F for pulling up the slat curtain 3 decreases, and the slat curtain 3 can be balanced in the fully closed state in which it is fully extended.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the example in which the slat curtain 3 is used as the curtain has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be constituted by a roll screen or the like.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, in this curtain opening / closing device, the winding shaft 2 is arranged below the opening 15 of the vertical wall surface of the building, and the slat curtain 3 is pulled up from below. Although the example of the pull-up shutter device 1 that is closed has been described, it may be installed not only on the wall surface of the building but also on the skylight of a sloping roof surface, a horizontal surface, or the like. Take shaft 2
May be provided, and the slat curtain 3 may be wound up to constitute a shutter device.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, an example in which the biasing member 12 interposed between the shaft 4 and the winding shaft 2 is composed of a torsion coil spring has been described, but as shown in FIG. Alternatively, a spiral leaf spring may be used. In the case of the spiral leaf spring 12, one end of the inner circumference is fixed to the shaft 4, and the other end of the outer circumference is fixed to a part of the winding shaft 2, such as a connecting rod. The spring 12 is also preliminarily twisted and attached a predetermined number of times, and is set so as to exert an urging force so that the winding shaft 2 always rotates with respect to the shaft 4 in a constant direction.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the guide ropes 10 connected to the slat curtain 3 are set at the left and right end positions of the upper edge portion 3a and are suspended by the two guide ropes 10 and the respective guide ropes 10 are wound. An example in which a pair of take-up pulleys 9 are provided has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 8, one guide rope 10 is connected to approximately the center of the upper edge 3a of the slat curtain 3 and provided at one end of the shaft 4. With one winding pulley 9
The guide rope 10 may be wound and unwound. In addition, as shown in FIG.
The guide ropes 10 are connected to the left and right ends of the upper end edge portion 3a of the shaft 3 and suspended, and the guide ropes 10 are combined into one from the middle 10a and wound around the winding pulley 9 provided at one end of the shaft 4. It may be configured to be.

In the above-described embodiment, the slat curtain 3 serving as a curtain has a rectangular shape. However, according to the shape of the opening 15 of a building or the like,
As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, it goes without saying that various shapes of the upper edge portion of the slat curtain 3 may be selected and formed into a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a pentagonal shape, a curved shape, or the like.

[0046]

As described above, in the curtain opening and closing device according to the present invention, the winding shaft for winding the curtain and the winding pulley for winding the guide rope are mounted on the same shaft, and therefore the entire device There is an effect that miniaturization can be achieved and a simple structure can be realized.

Further, unlike the conventional opening / closing mechanism, since there is no use of a hanging balancer, there is no restriction on the installation position in a building or the like, and it can be installed on a skylight with a sloping roof surface or a horizontal ceiling surface. This makes it possible to open and close the curtain smoothly even when installed on such an inclined surface.

Further, the winding shaft and the shaft of the winding pulley are connected by an urging member, and the urging force of the urging member connects the winding shaft and the shaft (the winding pulley) with each other. Since the tension is always applied to the guide line, the curtain and the guide line are not loosened and the tension is maintained, so that a reliable opening / closing operation can be performed and the biasing force is applied. The guide rope and the curtain can be reliably wound around the shaft and the winding shaft without slack, and there is an effect that the opening / closing operation can be smoothly performed.

The force for opening and closing the curtain is assisted by an urging member. The urging member is interposed between the rotatable winding shaft and the shaft, and both of them are provided. Since the other member is not fixed to the other part and the other member always follows, the urging force of this urging member does not change largely due to these rotations and always generates a substantially constant urging force. Moreover, since this biasing force changes only by a slight increase or decrease caused by the difference between the winding diameter of the winding shaft and the winding diameter of the winding pulley, the force to lift the curtain itself is not felt, and The effect is that the curtain can be opened and closed smoothly without requiring a large amount of force.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of a curtain opening / closing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cut front view of the curtain opening / closing device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the curtain opening / closing device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the curtain opening / closing device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 (a) is an operation explanatory view of the curtain opening / closing device according to the same embodiment. FIG. 5 (b) is an operation explanatory view of the curtain opening / closing device according to the same embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the opening / closing position of the curtain and the forces during opening / closing of the curtain opening / closing apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a curtain opening / closing device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a curtain opening / closing device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a curtain opening / closing device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a curtain opening / closing device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a curtain opening / closing device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a curtain opening / closing device according to another embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a curtain opening / closing device according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Curtain opening / closing device (pull-up type shutter device) 2 ... Winding shaft 3 ... Curtain (slat curtain) 3a ... One end edge 4 ... Shaft 4a ... End 9 ... Winding pulley 10 ... Guide rope 11 ... Guide means 12 ... Bias member (torsion coil spring) 15 ... Building opening

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A shaft which is located at one side of a building opening and is arranged along the one side, and whose both ends are rotatably supported, and a shaft which is rotatable along the shaft with respect to the shaft. A winding shaft that winds up the curtain that closes the opening, a guide line that is connected to one end edge of the curtain and that guides opening and closing of the curtain, and that is disposed coaxially with the winding shaft. A winding pulley that is fixed to the shaft and that winds and unwinds the guide rope by rotating in the same direction as the winding shaft, and a guide that guides the guide rope to the winding pulley. Means, and is interposed between the shaft and the winding shaft, and always applies a biasing force in a constant rotation direction regardless of the rotation direction of the shaft and the winding shaft to tension the curtain and the guide rope. And a biasing member for providing a car. Ten opening and closing device. 2. The curtain opening / closing device according to claim 1, wherein the winding diameter of the winding shaft is set to be larger than the winding diameter of the winding pulley.