JPH08165653A - Installing structure of mat member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To secure the stability of a caison, by preventing the flowing of the water to the inner space of the caison main body even in the condition to receive a function to lift up a bolt member by an injecting stone and the like, when a mat member as a friction increasing member is installed on the lower side of the caison through the bolt member. CONSTITUTION: To a rubber mat 12 arranged integrally to the lower side of the caison bottom plate 10 of a composed caison, and carrying out a function as a friction increasing member, a bolt member 15 is provided projecting through a specific interval, the bolt member 15 is set at the inside of the caison through a hole 11 provided to the caison bottom plate 10, and it is fixed through a plate member 16 and a nut 17. A cup form of cover member 30 is provided to the bolt member 15, and the flowing of the water to the inside of the caison through the hole 11 provided to the caison bottom plate 10 is made possible to block, even in the condition to lift up the bolt member 15 by a projecting stone and the like.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mat member provided on the bottom surface of a heavy offshore structure such as a caisson, and particularly when it is attached to the lower surface of a caisson through a connecting member such as a bolt member, The present invention relates to a structure for mounting a mat member that enables the caisson member to be broken by pushing up the bolt and to ensure watertightness inside the caisson even when the bolt member is pushed up by a protruding stone of the rubble mound.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when constructing offshore structures such as quays and breakwaters, as shown in FIG. 4, the surface of the seabed 1 is leveled and then the rubble mound 2 is set to a predetermined height. It is constructed in the width and constitutes the supporting base. Then, the rubble mound is flattened evenly and a structure such as a caisson is placed on the upper portion thereof to form a breakwater or the like. Further, the marine structures such as the caisson 5 are arranged through a mat member 6 as a friction increasing member arranged on the lower surface thereof, and the caisson is affected by waves due to the large friction coefficient of the mat member. Even if they are supported so that they don't move. Further, in the caisson and the like, when it is installed on the rubble mound, the inside of the caisson is filled with seawater or sand to increase the weight of the caisson. In any of the caisson made, by increasing the weight of the caisson and the joint action of the mat member,
I try to be able to counter the waves.

As a friction increasing member to be arranged on the lower surface of the caisson, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-5100, etc., an asphalt mat is arranged or a Japanese Patent Publication No.
As shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 19617, those provided with a rubber mat are known. Of the two types of mat members, when a rubber mat is used, the rubber has a large elasticity, the rubber sheet is relatively easy to prepare, and a large pressing force is locally applied. Even in this case, there is an advantage that the original state is restored when the pressing force is released. Also, when laying on the bottom of a concrete caisson and placing concrete on it,
It is possible to exhibit advantages such as easy adhesion of concrete and rubber mat.

On the other hand, the asphalt mat requires a lot of time and labor for producing the mat member and has a large specific gravity as compared with the rubber mat, and a local pressing action is added thereto. If this happens, defects such as deformation and damage are likely to occur. However, when the caisson is placed on the support base on the sea floor and the offshore structure is constructed, by being pressed by the caisson, the bottom surface of the asphalt mat deforms following the irregularities on the surface of the support base,
The caisson can be favorably supported by covering the irregularities on the surface of the supporting base. Further, the asphalt mat is relatively low in price, and when the thickness of the mat member is increased, the asphalt mat has sufficient resistance in terms of price as compared with the rubber mat, and has a characteristic as a friction increasing member. It can be demonstrated well. Furthermore, when attaching the asphalt mat to a steel caisson, in a state in which the caisson is inverted, in addition to using means for attaching to the upper surface of the caisson bottom plate, in a state where the asphalt mat is spread over the caisson construction yard, Building caisson made of steel or concrete on top of the asphalt mat is performed.

As described above, when the mat member is spread on the caisson construction yard and the mat member is attached to the lower surface of the caisson, for example, for a steel caisson, as shown in FIG. The mat member attaching means is used. In the steel caisson shown in FIG. 5, the bolt member 15 is projected inside the caisson through the hole 11 provided in the bottom plate 10, and the plate member 16 is arranged with respect to the bolt member 15. And nut 17
It is fixed by. Therefore, the bolt member 15
The rubber mat 12 can be supported in a state of being in close contact with the caisson bottom plate 10 by connecting to the caisson bottom plate 10 via.

When the caisson is made of concrete, a means for attaching the mat member to the lower surface can be used as shown in FIG. The caisson shown in FIG. 6 shows the case where the asphalt mat 25 is attached to the lower surface of the concrete caisson. The bolt member 27 in which the base plate member 26 and the like are embedded inside the asphalt mat 25 is attached to the caisson. Bottom plate 20
It is placed so that it is buried inside. Then, the upper portion of the bolt member 27 is attached to the horizontal rebar 21 or the like via the fixing portion 22, the causson formwork is assembled, and then the caisson made of concrete is constructed by filling concrete. It should be noted that, regardless of whether the rubber mat is placed on the concrete caisson or the asphalt mat is attached to the steel caisson, the mat member for the caisson as shown in any of FIGS. Fixing means can be used.

[0007]

However, FIG.
As shown in 6, when an asphalt mat or a rubber mat is attached to the lower surface of the caisson by using a bolt member, and when the caisson is placed on a rubble mound, a protruding stone or the like works to push up the bolt member from the bottom. May be done. Then, in the case where the rubber mat is attached to the steel caisson, as shown in FIG. 7, the protruding stone 3 pushes up the bolt member 15, and the rubber mat 12 is largely deformed, so that the bolt member 15 is removed from the caisson bottom plate 10. Moved up. When the bolt member 15 is lifted as described above, the plate member 16 and the nut 1
Since 7 is largely separated from the hole of the caisson bottom plate 10,
In the hole 11 of the caisson bottom plate, the sealing property due to the rubber mat and the plate member is lost, so that water or the like easily flows through the hole 11. Also, if there is a large protruding stone or the like on the surface of the rubble mound, a gap may occur between the caisson bottom plate and the rubber mat.
When a gap like this is formed, the water filling the inside of the caisson moves in and out according to the fluctuation of the tide level. Therefore, if the caisson is filled with sand etc.,
The sand inside will be sucked out by the flow of water, and the weight of the caisson will gradually decrease, leading to the problem of the caisson moving due to large waves.

Apart from the example shown in FIG. 7, even in the case where an asphalt mat is attached to a concrete caisson, as shown in FIG. 8, the bolt member 27 pushed up by the protruding stone 3 or the like is against the concrete 20. A crack is applied to the concrete by applying a local pressing action.
May be formed. If the concrete is cracked, the caisson becomes lighter in weight when the water and sand filling the caisson are sucked out. As described above, when water flows between the inside of the caisson and the open sea, it will also greatly affect the durability of the breakwater, etc. Under the present circumstances, it is desired to develop means for preventing the bottom portion of the caisson from being hindered while being pushed up.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem of the mat member attached to the caisson or the like for increasing the friction, and covers the mat member corresponding to the bolt member for supporting the caisson bottom plate. Even if the member is placed and the caisson bottom plate is provided with a space that allows the bolt member to move up and down, even when the bolt member is pressed against a protruding stone or the like,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a caisson having a watertight support structure so that seawater does not flow between the inside of the caisson and the open sea.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a marine structure such as a caisson in which a mat member is integrally attached to the lower surface of a heavy object and means for preventing sliding of the seabed against the upper surface of the supporting base is provided. In the present invention, a bolt member having a base fixed to a mat member is passed through a steel caisson bottom plate and is supported by a fixing and holding member on the upper part of the caisson bottom plate, and the upper part of the caisson bottom plate corresponding to the bolt member is covered. A member is arranged, the cover member is formed in a hollow shape corresponding to the protruding height of the bolt member, and means for fixing the base portion of the cover member to the caisson bottom plate in a watertight manner is provided. Further, in the present invention, a large number of bolt members provided so as to project from the mat member are arranged in a state of being directed into the lower concrete of the caisson through holes provided in the base plate member corresponding to each bolt member, A cover member is watertightly fixed and provided on the upper portion of the base plate member,
A means for fixing the fixing member of the base plate member inside the caisson and integrally mounting the mat member on the lower surface of the caisson can be used.

[0011]

In the caisson of the present invention constructed as described above, a cover member having a height allowing the movement of the bolt member is arranged at the bottom of the caisson in correspondence with the bolt member having the base portion embedded in the mat member. The cover member is watertightly attached to the plate member on the lower surface of the caisson. Therefore, even if the bolt member is lifted by a protruding stone or the like, only the bolt member is allowed to rise, and the raised bolt member causes a gap that allows water to flow inside the caisson. It never forms. Also, it is possible to prevent the caisson bottom plate from being broken by the bolt member, so that sand and water packed inside the caisson will not be sucked out to the outside, and the caisson will be supported stably on the rubble mound. be able to. The breakwater and the like will not be damaged by the large waves due to the friction performance of the mat member and the weight of the caisson.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The mat member mounting structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated example. The caisson of the present invention is
As shown in FIG. 4, when a caisson is installed on the seabed through a rubble mound, a mat member is arranged on the lower surface of the caisson. Any mat member such as a rubber mat or an asphalt mat can be used. , Is attached to the lower surface of the caisson via a fixing member such as a bolt member. The example shown in FIG. 1 shows a case where a rubber mat is attached to a steel caisson.
The bolt members 15 ... Are erected upright at a predetermined interval with respect to 0 to form a means for attaching to the caisson bottom plate 12.
Further, as a means for attaching the bolt member 15 to the rubber mat 12, a hole 13 having a predetermined depth is provided in the rubber mat as in the conventional rubber mat construction method.
Means for adhering and fixing the base of the bolt member 15 using the adhesive 14 can be used.

Rubber mat 1 constructed as described above
When attaching 2 to the caisson bottom plate 10, a large number of holes 11 are provided in the caisson bottom plate 10 at positions corresponding to the bolt members, as in the case of manufacturing a conventional hybrid caisson. Then, the plate member 16 is arranged on the upper surface of the hole 11 with respect to the caisson bottom plate 10 arranged on the rubber mat 12, and the nut 17 is tightened and fixed to the bolt member to fix the rubber mat 12 to the caisson bottom plate 10. Be attached to each. As described above, in a state where a large number of rubber mats 12 are spread in the caisson building yard, the holes 11 provided in the caisson bottom plate 10 are arranged corresponding to the bolt members, and the lateral members for reinforcement are provided on the caisson bottom plate. Or, install a superstructure and build a caisson of a predetermined size.

On the upper surface of the caisson bottom plate 10,
The cover member 30 is arranged so as to cover the bolt member 15, and the base portion of the cover member 30 is attached to the caisson bottom plate 10.
The upper surface of the caisson bottom plate 10 is fixed to the upper surface of the cover member 30 by means such as welding so that no gap is formed between the upper surface of the caisson bottom plate 10 and the base portion of the cover member 30. The cover member 30 may be a cylindrical member made of iron, or may have another arbitrary cross-sectional shape. The upper portion of the cover member is integrally formed with the cylindrical portion so that no gap is formed. The member of the state is constituted. Then, by fixing the base portion having the opening of the cover member 30 to the upper surface of the caisson bottom plate 10, the hole 11 provided in the caisson bottom plate 10 and the inside of the cover member communicate with each other. , Make it watertight so that water does not flow.

Therefore, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the bolt member 15 arranged so as to project upward from the caisson bottom plate 10 is pushed up greatly by the bolt member 15 when pushed up by the protruding stone 3 of the rubble mound. Then, when the bolt member 15 is raised inside the cover member 30, the nut 1
Since 7 rises together with the bolt member, the plate member 16 also rises following it, and the action of closing the hole 11 provided in the caisson bottom plate 10 by the plate member disappears. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when a hole is formed in the caisson bottom plate and a crack is formed in the rubber mat 12 so that a gap is formed, water is not generated between the internal space of the caisson and the open sea. A distribution route is configured. However, in the present invention, corresponding to the holes 11 provided in the caisson bottom plate,
Since the cover member 30 is arranged so as not to communicate with the inside of the caisson, even if the bolt member is pushed up by the protruding stone 3 as shown in FIG.
It is possible to maintain a state in which water does not flow inside the caisson via the.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the height H of the cover member 30 is set to a value larger than the height H1 at which the bolt member 15 is raised to the maximum, and the bolt member 15 protrudes from the stone. The tip of the bolt member is provided so as not to hit the upper member of the cover member 30 even when the bolt member is pushed up. For example, the thickness of the rubber mat 12 is 10 cm
And the embedding depth of the bolt member in the rubber mat is 5
In the case of cm, the height of the cover member 30 can be set to allow a margin of 5 cm with respect to the length at which the bolt member first projects. It should be noted that the cover member 30 is not directly given a force from the outside, but is simply required to have a water pressure and a strength that can withstand the weight of the caisson inner filling material. The cover member 30 may be made of a plastic material. When the cover member is made of a plastic material, the base of the cover member 30 is fixed and held to the upper surface of the caisson bottom plate 10 by using an adhesive to make the inside of the cover member 30 watertight. be able to.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the rubber mat is integrally arranged on the bottom of the steel caisson.
The cover member used in the present invention can be applied to the case where the asphalt mat 25 is attached to the lower surface of the concrete caisson as shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the asphalt mat 25 is constructed to have a predetermined thickness with a reinforcing member such as a glass cloth or a wire mesh inserted therein, as in the case of the conventional asphalt mat. The plate member 26 at the base of the bolt member 27 is embedded in the process of creating. The plate member 26 provided at the base of the bolt member 27 may be a plate member having an arbitrary shape, and the plate member 26 may come out when the asphalt mat 25 is lifted through the bolt member 27. Bolt member 2 to prevent
7 should be attached with a predetermined arrangement interval.

In the above embodiment, the bolt member 2
Corresponding to No. 7, a base plate member 42 having holes 43 is arranged on the upper surface of the mat 25, and the cover member 40 has a height above the upper surface of the base plate member 42 that allows the bolt member to rise.
Has been arranged. Then, the base portion of the cover member 40 is mounted on the base plate member 42 via a fixing means such as welding, so that the hole 43 provided in the base plate member 42 and the inside of the cover member 40 are provided in a state of communicating with each other. . When the asphalt mat 25 is attached to the caisson bottom plate 20, first, the asphalt mat 25 in which bolt members are erected at a predetermined interval is laid on the ground of the caisson construction yard, and the bolt members 27 provided on the asphalt mat 27. The base plate member 4 with the holes 43 of the base plate member 42 penetrated.
Place 2 each. Further, on the upper surface of the base plate member 42, a fixing member 4 for attaching to the reinforcing bar of the caisson bottom plate.
It is also possible to omit the step of welding and fixing the fixing member after attaching 4 etc. and positioning the base plate member on the upper surface of the asphalt mat.

As described above, the base plate member is positioned corresponding to the bolt member, and then the hole 4 of the base plate member 42 is formed.
Corresponding to 3, the plate member 45 is attached to the bolt member, and the nut 46 is tightened and fixed from the upper portion of the plate member. Further, with the base plate member 42 and the plate member 45 fixed to the upper surface of the asphalt mat 25 with nuts through the bolt members, the base of the cover member 40 is welded to the upper surface of the base plate member. Fixed by the cover member 4
The inside of 0 is configured as a space portion communicating with the hole of the base plate member. After that, a formwork for placing concrete on the caisson bottom plate 20 is assembled, and the fixing member 4 protruding from the end of the base plate member 42 with respect to the horizontal reinforcing bars 21 of the caisson.
4 is fixed, and concrete having a predetermined thickness is cast on the entire upper surface of the asphalt mat.

The cover member 40, which is integrally mounted on the asphalt mat 25 and arranged so as to cover the bolt member 27, is buried in concrete, but the bolt member 27 is lifted in the internal space of the cover member. It is possible to maintain a space with a sufficient height to allow it. Therefore, as described above, by disposing the cover member on the asphalt mat, as shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig.3, when the problem that the bolt member is lifted by the protruding stone occurs, even if the bolt member is lifted due to the local deformation of the asphalt mat, the rise of the bolt member causes the caisson concrete to rise. It can be prevented from being affected.

In the embodiment of the present invention shown in each of FIGS. 1 to 3, a rubber mat other than the asphalt mat can be attached to the concrete caisson. It is also possible to use a means for attaching an asphalt mat to the bottom surface of the caisson. For example, when attaching an asphalt mat to a steel caisson, it can be dealt with by providing holes in the caisson bottom plate at positions corresponding to the bolt members of the asphalt mat, and attaching a rubber mat to the caisson bottom plate. Even in such a case, it is possible to use the attaching means as shown in FIG. Further, in the present invention, the cover member arranged corresponding to the bolt member can be configured to have an arbitrary cross section, and as the steel material of the cover member, iron, aluminum, etc. It can be configured by using the metal material, and any fixing means can be applied for fixing to the base plate member or the caisson bottom plate.

As described above, when disposing the friction increasing member on the lower surface of the caisson, a means for attaching the asphalt mat after reversing the lower structural member of the caisson, like a steel hybrid caisson. Need not be used. That is, in the construction of the caisson of the present invention, a method is used in which a mat member having a large number of bolt members attached to the upper surface at predetermined intervals is spread over the caisson construction yard, and then the lower structural member of the caisson is arranged thereon. be able to. Therefore, when the support member for the bolt member is attached using the cover member and the means for keeping the bolt member penetrating portion watertight with respect to the internal space of the caisson is used, the leveling of the rubble mound is insufficient. Even in such a case, it is possible to prevent problems such as water flowing through the caisson through the mat member. Further, the structure to which the mat member supporting method of the present invention is applied is not limited to the caisson, and a sluice constructed by being mounted on a rubble mound and other structures, etc. It can also be applied to structures such as partition walls for reclaimed land.

[0023]

The mat member mounting structure of the present invention is
Since it is configured as described above, in the friction increasing member arranged in the caisson, the bottom portion of the caisson has a high enough height to allow movement of the bolt member corresponding to the bolt member having the base embedded in the mat member. The cover member can be disposed and the cover member can be watertightly attached to the plate member on the lower surface of the caisson. Therefore, even if the bolt member is lifted by a protruding stone or the like, only the bolt member is allowed to rise, and the raised bolt member causes a gap that allows water to flow inside the caisson. It never forms. Also, it is possible to prevent the caisson bottom plate from being broken by the bolt member, so that sand and water etc. packed inside the caisson will not be sucked out to the outside, and the caisson will be supported stably on the rubble mound. be able to. The breakwater and the like will not be damaged by the large waves due to the friction performance of the mat member and the weight of the caisson. Furthermore, in the present invention, the evenness of the upper surface of the rubble mound is insufficient, and even when the protruding stone or the like is in a protruding state, it is possible to reliably support the mat member on the lower surface of the caisson, The caisson can be supported in good condition on the rubble mound.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an example in which a cover member is provided on a bottom plate of a steel caisson.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a push-up action of a protruding stone is applied to a bolt member.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an example in which an asphalt mat is provided on a bottom plate of a concrete caisson.

FIG. 4 is an explanation showing a general structure of a breakwater constructed using caisson.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example in which a rubber mat is provided on a bottom plate of a steel caisson.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a conventional example in which an asphalt mat is provided on a bottom plate of a concrete caisson.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a stone is projected to the caisson of FIG.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a stone that is projected onto the caisson of FIG. 6 exerts a local pushing-up action.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 rubble mounds, 3 protruding stones, 5 caisson, 6 mat members, 10 caisson bottom plate,
12 rubber mat, 15 bolt member, 16
Plate member, 20 caisson bottom plate, 21 horizontal rebar,
25 asphalt mat, 27 bolt member, 30/40 cover member, 42 base plate member,
44 fixing member, 45 plate member.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 000005061 Bando Kagaku Co., Ltd. 3-2-15 Meiwadori, Hyogo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture (72) Inventor Tatsukazu Waki 1-29, Tsurugamine, Asahi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture -4 World Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mitsuru Nonoda 2-11-20 Tamagawa, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Japan Road Co., Ltd. (72) Mitsuhiro Sato 3-13-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Yuraku Building Inside Taisei Rotek Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuo Matsuzaki 2-10-9 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Nihonkai Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Taniguchi 3-2 Meiwado, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo No. 15 Bando Kagaku Co., Ltd.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A marine structure, such as a caisson, in which a mat member is integrally attached to the lower surface of a heavy object and a means for preventing sliding of the submarine support base relative to the upper surface is provided, and a bolt member having a base fixed to the mat member is made of steel. The caisson bottom plate is pierced through and supported by a fixed holding member at the upper part of the caisson bottom plate, and a cover member is arranged on the upper part corresponding to the bolt member of the caisson bottom plate, and the cover member is arranged at the protruding height of the bolt member. A mat member mounting structure characterized in that the base member of the cover member is fixed in a watertight manner to the caisson bottom plate in a correspondingly hollow structure. 2. A plurality of bolt members provided so as to project from the mat member are arranged so as to face into the lower concrete of the caisson through holes provided in a base plate member corresponding to each bolt member, The cover member is watertightly fixed to the upper portion of the plate member, the fixing member of the base plate member is fixed inside the caisson, and the mat member is integrally attached to the lower surface of the caisson. The mat member mounting structure.