JPH0815766B2 - Fireproof / fireproof coated mat - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention is mainly applied to main structures of buildings such as steel frames, columns,
As a fireproof coating for beams, floors, walls, etc., or as another fireproof material, a material that foams or expands when heated is sandwiched between a heat resistant topsheet and a backsheet and laminated to form a matte fireproof / fireproof coating. It's about Matt.

(Prior art) For conventional fire resistant coating materials such as steel frames, as wet sprayed fire resistant coating materials, inorganic fibers such as rock wool and asbestos and heat resistant lightweight aggregates such as vermiculite and perlite are used as an inorganic type such as cement and gypsum plaster. It is sprayed with water at the tip of the gun together with the binder, or once they are mixed with water in a mixer, and the paste-like material is sent by a pressure pump and sprayed, such as sprayed fireproof coating material or cement mortar. There is a trowel-coated wet refractory coating material applied by trowel coating. In addition, as a special example, when a room temperature foamed phase fire insulation coating that foams and hardens after application to form a fire resistant coating, or a fire resistant coating that expands and expands due to the heat in a fire to show fire and fire resistance effects is used. There is. On the other hand, as a dry fireproof coating method, a method of sticking a dry board made of calcium silicate, asbestos, rock wool, and inorganic fiber may be enumerated.

Among the above construction methods, the wet spraying construction method has good work efficiency, but on the other hand, there is a problem of material loss due to scattering of mist during coating work and the problem of work environment and surrounding pollution. It takes a lot of time, and there is a drawback that it cannot meet the demands of the construction site for shortening the construction period. On the other hand, in the case of fire-resistant paint, there is a case where foaming occurs at the time of fire but the strength of the surface foamed coating is weak and the foam material peels off due to wind pressure, and it does not function as a fire-resistant coating material, or the material itself becomes water resistant. It has a basic problem that it gradually becomes less likely to foam over the years because it is inferior and lacks long-term stability. Moreover, since the trowel coating material does not scatter and thus does not contaminate the work environment, the work efficiency is poor, so that practically limited parts are used. On the other hand, in the dry method, since the work is covered by the work such as cutting and pasting, the work efficiency is particularly poor for a complicated portion such as a beam or a column made of H-shaped steel material. As a result, the amount of cutting residual material increases, resulting in a large material loss. Further, there is a problem in the working environment such that dust is generated at the time of mounting or cutting. In particular, there are many materials containing asbestos, which has become a major social problem due to the recent environmental pollution of asbestos.

In order to solve these problems, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-156459 discloses that rock wool felt or glass wool felt is used as a base material, and ceramic fiber felt or ceramic fiber felt having a metal lath on its surface is laminated on the base material to be integrally formed. There is disclosed a steel frame fireproof coating method for coating a steel frame with the fireproof coating material.

However, the fire-resistant coating material of steel frame using such a felt is unavoidably thick in view of the fire-resistant coating performance, and the space becomes narrower by that thickness, which may interfere with the interaction with other building materials. come. Also, the appearance after construction is poor. Further, since the thickness is large, the workability at the time of mounting is poor, and it is difficult to construct the entrance corner, the exit corner, the joining portion, etc. of the steel frame. Further, since fibers are used, rainwater or dew condensation water is likely to contain water, and once water is contained, the base steel material and the like are always exposed to water, and rust is likely to occur on the steel frame surface. Moreover, since it is easy to be crushed against external pressure such as compression and the restoring force is small, once crushed, the thickness becomes smaller than a predetermined required fireproof thickness, which may cause a problem in fireproof performance.

Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-194051, an inorganic fiber is used as a main material and a wet fiber felt material impregnated with an inorganic binder is used, and the wet fiber felt material is attached to a steel frame surface and dried and cured. A fireproof coating method for steel frames, which is used as it is as a fireproof coating, is shown. However, even if this is the case, in actual workability, since a wet product is handled, it is inevitable that the worker and surrounding parts will be contaminated during the mounting work, and there are many practical problems.

(Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention) As described above, the conventional fireproof / fireproof coating materials have the following problems.

1. With the wet method of spraying and trowel coating, there is a long working period due to dust, mist, and water contaminating the work environment and ensuring a dry period.

2. With the method of sticking the board, work efficiency is poor and dust,
There is asbestos pollution.

3. On the other hand, the felt-like covering material made of inorganic fibers has a large thickness and has problems in workability and space, and it easily contains water and is vulnerable to compression and crushes easily.

The present invention provides a refractory coating material that solves these problems.

(Method for Solving Problems) In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, an expansive material that expands and expands for the first time when exposed to heat is added to a heat-resistant surface sheet having a surface folded and a back surface. Let's solve these problems by using a non-combustible thread or a fireproof / fireproof coated mat constructed by laminating and packaging incombustible thread and combustible thread and sewn on both sides with expansive material. It is what

That is, a non-combustible thread sandwiching an expansive material between a heat-resistant surface sheet and a back sheet, or a thin mat-shaped material sewn together with a non-combustible thread and a combustible thread, a steel frame, a beam, a pillar,
Since it covers floors, walls, etc., it remains thin under normal conditions, and once a fire occurs, the heat causes the expansive material to start foaming or expanding, which in turn pushes up the heat-resistant surface sheet, increasing the thickness. Inflate in the direction. On the other hand, since it is fixed to the back sheet by a non-combustible thread, it does not peel off and fall off, and since it keeps the internal expansive material wrapped, it does not fall off and stable fire resistance It exhibits the function of coating.

In the fire resistant coated mat of the present invention, it is more preferable to use a heat resistant surface sheet material having stretchability. In other words, by using an elastic material,
The expansive material foams or expands and follows it to expand in the thickness direction.

According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the folded portion is fixed in advance with a combustible thread and / or an organic adhesive, and is sewn together with an expansive material and a heat resistant backsheet with a noncombustible thread. Alternatively, the heat-resistant surface sheet in a state of simply being folded may be sewn together with the expansive material and the heat-resistant back sheet with a non-combustible thread. However, when using a sheet that is simply folded (the creases are not fixed), use a flammable thread together with a non-combustible thread when sewing with an expansive material or heat-resistant back sheet. Should be fixed during normal times. In addition, the non-combustible yarn is sewn in parallel with the fold and at a position that does not prevent the fold of the heat-resistant surface sheet from extending when the expandable material is foamed or expanded. In the case of a fire, the mat produced in this way will expand the expansive material in the middle of the laminated mat due to heat,
Simultaneously with the expansion, the flammable yarn and / or the organic adhesive is burned, and the heat-resistant surface sheet that has been in the folded state is unfolded, and the folds expand as the expansive material expands. At this time, the fireproof / fireproof coated mat of the present invention undergoes the foaming process as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 depending on the position where the noncombustible thread is sewn.

In the present invention, the purpose is to impart cosmetic properties to the surface, or to protect the surface, for example, to prevent mechanical damage, to protect from water damage, and further, for example, the internal expansive material to moisture and the like. On the other hand, when it is easy to deteriorate, it is possible to laminate a surface protection layer such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene sheet on the heat-resistant surface sheet for the purpose of blocking them and ensuring long-term stability. is there. In this case, it is necessary to select a material that does not prevent the heat-resistant surface sheet from expanding as the surface layers thereof burn or melt immediately when heat is applied.

In the present invention, as the heat resistant surface sheet material, glass fiber paper, ceramic paper, rock wool paper, carbon fiber paper, ceramic fiber cloth, ceramic fiber sheet, heat resistant glass fiber sheet, high silicate glass fiber sheet, silicon carbide fiber sheet, Examples include carbon fiber sheets, calcium silicate fiber sheets, alumina fiber sheets, heat-resistant metal thin films, and carbon fiber paper.

As the back sheet, the above heat-resistant top sheet may be used as it is, but the back sheet part expands and insulates when the intermediate layer expansive material heats up, so it looks like a top sheet. Since heat is not applied to, heat resistance may not be required depending on the conditions. At that time, an organic fiber cloth or the like may be used.

Examples of expandable materials include expandable graphite, borax, sodium metaborate, sodium borate, sodium metasilicate, sodium orthosilicate, sodium phosphate, second sodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium borate, phosphate frit, and Examples include firing vermiculite, which may be used alone or as a mixture.
The powder or granules may be used as they are, or mixed with an inorganic or organic binder or the like and applied. Alternatively, it may be formed into a sheet shape in advance. Furthermore, an inorganic or organic heat-expandable foamed paint which is commercially available as a fireproof paint may be used as it is.

Further, as the non-combustible thread, in addition to carbon fiber, glass fiber, high-purity silica fiber, silica-alumina fiber, silicon carbide fiber and the like, thread-shaped and wire-shaped ones of heat-resistant metal such as stainless steel can be used. The material is not particularly limited as long as it does not burn under high temperature at the time of fire.

The flammable yarn is not particularly limited as long as it is melted or burnt by high heat in case of fire, and examples thereof include nylon and vinylon.

Such a fireproof / fireproof coated mat is adhered to the steel frame with an inorganic binder or physically fixed by pins.

(Operation) The fireproof / fireproof coated mat of the present invention directly coats the steel frame in a thin state before a fire. When a fire occurs and the temperature becomes high, the expansive material sandwiched between the heat-resistant surface sheet and the back sheet foams and expands, and the surface heat-resistant sheet expands. Furthermore, at this time, since the noncombustible yarn does not burn,
The expansive material and the surface heat-resistant sheet do not peel off from the back sheet fixed to the base, and the effect of protecting steel and other parts requiring fire protection and fire protection from heat such as fire is demonstrated.

In addition, since the combustible yarn or the combustible adhesive material that has fixed the folded portion is burned out by heat, the folds expand and expand in the thickness direction of the mat as the expansion material expands and expands. In this way, the surface is expanded while being protected by the heat-resistant sheet, so that even if a material having a large expansion ratio is used, the fireproof coating performance is sufficiently exhibited and expansion can be followed.

(Effect) The effects of using the fireproof / fireproof coated mat of the present invention as a fireproof / fireproof coated material are as follows.

Unlike the conventional wet method, it does not use water and does not pollute the construction site. In addition, since there is no scattering of the material around as in the spraying method, there is no need to cure the parts other than the construction site so as not to contaminate them with a sheet or the like.

Unlike the saw cutting of calcium silicate plate, etc., it does not pollute the working environment because it is cut with a cutter etc. during the processing.

Unlike the expansive fireproof paint that is applied with a spray or brush,
Since the coating is processed to have a uniform thickness at the factory, the coating thickness is accurately and consistently maintained, so there is no variation in fire resistance.

Since it is mat-shaped and highly flexible, it can easily follow a complicated shape unlike a dry board, so the installation work is easy.

Unlike felt-like covering materials that use rock wool, etc., it is thin and not bulky, so it is extremely easy to handle when transporting materials or during installation work.

Since the coating thickness is thin during normal times, the interior space can be widely used.

Many of the fire-resistant paints have poor water resistance, but by providing a moisture-proof / water-proof protective layer on the surface with the constitution of the present invention,
Intumescent materials made of such materials can now be used in a stable state for a long period of time.

By using a surface protective layer that has been colored or patterned, it is possible to obtain a surface with rich makeup and design that is not possible with conventional fire resistant coating materials at the same time as the fire resistant coating is applied. do not need.

Examples of the fireproof / fireproof coated mat of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

(Example 1) First, as a heat resistant surface sheet, a ceramic paper PAPICERAM HMC type manufactured by Nippon Inorganic Co., Ltd. was used to fold the organic adhesive as shown in FIG. 1 to attach the folds as shown in FIG. It was Next, as the back sheet, a ceramic paper PAPICERAM HMC type manufactured by Nippon Inorganic Co., Ltd. was used in the same manner as the heat resistant top sheet, and as an expansive material between these heat resistant top sheet and back sheet, manufactured by Nippon Graphite Industry Co., Ltd. Expanded graphite EXP-HM and borax are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 1 and sandwiched to a thickness of about 2 mm, and as non-combustible yarn, glass fiber SILIGLASS BY manufactured by Japan Inorganic Co., Ltd.
The whole was sewn along the fold of the heat-resistant surface sheet with -850. The thickness of the fireproof / fireproof coated mat thus obtained was about 5 mm. Furthermore, this fireproof / fireproof coated mat is attached to a steel frame with an inorganic heat-resistant adhesive as shown in Fig. 7, heated in an electric furnace at 1000 ° C for 1 hour and then removed from the furnace, and the thickness of the fireproof / fireproof coated mat is measured. Then, it expanded to about 40 mm, and there was no noticeable change in the steel frame.

(Example 2) The thickness of the fireproof / fireproof coated mat was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a heat-resistant surface sheet was sewn as shown in Fig. 2 with nylon thread instead of the organic adhesive of Example 1. It was about 4 mm.

Furthermore, this fireproof / fireproof coated mat is attached to the steel frame with an inorganic heat-resistant adhesive as shown in FIG.
After heating at 00 ℃ for 1 hour, take out from the furnace and measure the thickness of the fireproof and fireproof coated mat, it has expanded to about 38 mm,
No noticeable changes were found in the steel frame.

(Example 3) In addition to the organic adhesive of Example 1, the thickness of the fireproof / fireproof coated mat was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a heat-resistant surface sheet was sewn with a nylon thread in a direction perpendicular to the fold line. Then it was about 5 mm. Furthermore, this fire protection
The fireproof coated mat is attached to the steel frame with an inorganic heat resistant adhesive as shown in Fig. 7, heated in an electric furnace at 1000 ° C for 1 hour and then removed from the furnace. The thickness of the fireproof and fireproof coated mat is measured to about 40 mm. It was swollen and no noticeable change was observed in the steel frame.

(Example 4) A heat-resistant top sheet is laminated with an expansive material and a heat-resistant back sheet only by folding, and these are sewn in parallel with a crease with a non-combustible thread as shown in FIG. Sewn at right angles to the non-combustible thread. At this time, the same materials as in Example 1 were used.
When the thickness of the fireproof / fireproof coated mat was measured to be about 4 mm, the fireproof / fireproof coated mat was further attached to the steel frame with an inorganic heat resistant adhesive as shown in FIG.
After heating for 1 hour at 1000 ° C., it was taken out of the furnace and the thickness of the fireproof / fireproof coated mat was measured, and it expanded to about 40 mm, and no noticeable change was observed in the steel frame.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a folded heat-resistant surface sheet. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the creases of the heat-resistant surface sheet of FIG. 1 fixed with combustible threads and an organic adhesive, respectively. FIG. 4 shows one of the fireproof / fireproof coated mats of the present invention which uses a heat-resistant surface sheet folded on the surface. 5 and 6 are the fourth
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 2 showing how the fireproof / fireproof coated mat shown in the figure differs in the process of expansion of the fireproof cloth depending on the position of the noncombustible yarn. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show an example of the case where the steel frame is covered. (However, details of the folded portion are omitted.) A ... Heat-resistant surface sheet b ... Expandable material c ... Back sheet d ... Non-combustible thread e ... Combustible thread f ... Steel g ... Organic adhesive

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An expansive material that expands or expands when heat is applied is a non-combustible thread between a heat-resistant top sheet and a back sheet.
Alternatively, it is characterized in that it is sewn from both sides with a combustible thread and a non-combustible thread, and is laminated and fixed. Furthermore, a heat-resistant surface sheet is folded and fixed with a combustible thread and / or an organic adhesive, When the foam is applied and foamed, the flammable yarn and the organic adhesive are burnt to expand the folds and follow the expanded foam material.