JPH08154490A - Turf carpet and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To produce a turf carpet for transplantation, high in a tensile strength, capable of being wound in a roll-like shape, good in rooting, even when transplanted in a sand field, and also good in the subsequent growth of the turf. CONSTITUTION: This turf carpet comprises an upper layer comprising turf whose lower leaves are interlaced, a 15-40mm thick middle layer comprising a medium consisting mainly of 30-70vol.% of sand, 20-60vol.% of peat moss and 5-20vol.% of zeolite, the turf root parts of the upper layer, and roots elongated from the turf root parts, and a lower layer in which the roots elongated from the turf root parts of the middle layer by penetrating through the middle layer are interlaced in a woven fabric-like state. The method for producing the turf carpet comprises spreading the mixture of the medium with turf seeds on a film spread on the surface of a ground, germinating the seeds, repeatedly mowing the upper stem parts of the germinated turf, and raising the mowed turf to sufficiently develop the lower leaves and the roots.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is mainly applied to golf courses,
When creating a new lawn on a soccer ground, park, embankment, or when you have already planted a lawn,
The present invention relates to a lawn for transplanting with good rooting, which is used when completely relining or partially repairing.
It should be noted that this lawn can also be used temporarily when it is installed and collected on the rooftop, exhibition hall, event hall, or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a lawn is transplanted to a new land for construction or a lawn repair site, the lawn grown from the lawn cultivation area is stripped into strips, which are then transported and transplanted. However, transplanting lawn by such a method requires a lot of manpower for stripping, transporting, planting the lawn, etc. Moreover, the lawn for transplantation is quite heavy, and these operations require a considerable amount of work. It required labor.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of requiring such manpower, the lengthening of the lawn for transplantation has been attempted. For example, in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 50-21373, a flexible mesh structure is laid on a film and a lawn is grown on it.
A turf-supporting laminate lengthened by entwining grass roots in a mesh structure is disclosed. In addition, JP-A-51-
Japanese Patent No. 119108 discloses a lawn mat in which a water-impermeable sheet is placed on the bottom and a mesh mat is placed on it. However, foreign matter such as a mesh structure and a mesh mat remains between the roots of the lawn transplanted by such a method, and it is exposed to the ground by being caught by birds or the like, or it is exposed to human feet. There were problems such as being caught, and the lawn peeling spreading like potatoes from there.

As a method for solving such a problem that foreign matter remains on the transplanted lawn, for example, plant height like rice, such as rice mat disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-142314. It is also possible to use roots of plants with low plant height, such as white clover, instead of the mesh structure if the plant has a high cultivar. However, such a method cannot be applied in the case of grass with low grass height. On the other hand, JP-A-53-75035 discloses that instead of the mesh structure, it is finally corroded.
Make a layer of compost using crushed flakes of bark of Pinaceae etc. with irregular shape, flatness and large friction coefficient, grow lawn on it,
A lawn carpet having a bark compost layer and a lawn root itself as a supporting tissue is disclosed. However, this lawn carpet has no foreign matter such as a mesh structure, and the tensile strength of the carpet is extremely insufficient.

In order to solve the problem of the insufficient tensile strength of the lawn carpet, the applicant of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
In Japanese Patent No. 148618, the above-mentioned lawn carpet is improved to have an upper layer composed of a lawn in which lower leaves are interlaced, and a maximum length of 3
~ 8 mm, 0.2 ~ 2 mm in thickness of 30% by weight or more occupy more than 30% by weight of a medium-sized medium-sized bark slices such as pine, the middle layer consisting of the root of the upper lawn and roots extending from it And, it consists of a lower layer formed by entwining roots extending from the root of the middle lawn through the middle layer to form a woven fabric, and the tensile strength is high enough not to break even if it is hung at a height of 5 m. It disclosed that the lawn carpet was developed.

[0006]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An upper layer consisting of lawn in which the above-mentioned lower leaves are crossed, a middle layer mainly composed of irregularly shaped bark flakes such as Pinaceae, and a lower layer formed by entwining roots in a woven shape. Lawn carpets are very good, but when transplanted to a land with a high sand content (hereinafter simply referred to as "sand") that is often found in golf courses, etc., it is difficult to take root in that land. was there. The cause is
It is considered that there is a large difference in soil characteristics between the medium layer of lawn carpet and the sandy area of the transplanted land. For example, the sandy land of the transplanted land is well drained and fertilizer flows easily, whereas the medium mainly composed of bark flakes such as Pinaceae of the grass for transplanting is excellent in water retention and fertilization. Because it is excellent, it is thought that the grass roots will grow more easily in the medium mainly composed of bark flakes of Pinaceae etc., which are blessed with water and fertilizer, rather than growing in the sandy land. To be From this point of view, when the medium of the middle layer was replaced with sand and tested, the sand medium was poor in water retention and fertilization, or it was difficult to germinate the turf seeds densely, therefore, It was also difficult to grow densely so that the lower leaves were entangled and the roots were entwined in a woven form. Furthermore, even if you can grow grass densely, if you roll the resulting lawn carpet in a roll,
Generally, it was thought that the toughness against bending is impaired because the lumps of sand tend to collapse.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has established an upper layer consisting of lawn in which lower leaves are entangled, mainly 30 to 70% by volume of sand, 20 to 60% by volume of peat moss, and zeolite. A medium consisting of 5 to 20% by volume, a root part of the upper lawn, and a root extending therefrom. Thickness 1
A lawn carpet (hereinafter referred to as the "first invention") having a middle layer of 5 to 40 mm and a lower layer formed by entwining roots extending through the middle layer from the root part of the middle layer lawn to form a woven fabric, and the lawn is , Two or more varieties of turf, including one or more varieties of cold-resistant varieties, early-resistant varieties, trampling varieties, and anti-insect varieties including endophyte Lawn carpets (hereinafter referred to as "second invention"), and as one method for producing them, a synthetic resin film with drainage holes provided in places is laid on a substantially horizontal and flat land, and sand is mainly formed on it. 30-70% by volume,
Pete moss 20-60% by volume and zeolite 5-5
A mixture of turf seeds and the like in a 20% by volume medium,
Laying to a thickness of 15 to 40 mm, sprinkling water to sprout the turf seeds, sprinkling water, adding fertilizer, etc. according to the external environment and the growth condition of the turf, while mowing the stalk of the long grass,
The lawn carpet is characterized by growing the lawn and sufficiently interlacing the lower lawn of the lawn, and at the same time, the grass roots reaching the bottom of the laying are crawled sideways on the synthetic resin film and entangled with each other. Manufacturing method (hereinafter referred to as "third invention"),
And, in the method, as grass seeds, one or more kinds of grass seeds among cold-resistant varieties, drought-tolerant varieties, trampling-resistant varieties, and insect-repellent varieties containing endophytic fungi A method for manufacturing a lawn carpet using two or more types of turf seeds including (hereinafter referred to as "the fourth invention") has been completed.

The upper layer in the first invention is composed of a layer of turf in which lower leaves are entangled. The entangled lower leaves provide tensile strength, and at the same time, the lawn carpet is rolled into a roll shape so that the upper layer and the middle layer are separated. The medium layer is prevented from spilling when it is reversed. Therefore, the denser the entanglement of the lower leaves, the more the tensile strength is improved to some extent, and at the same time, the higher the stability of the middle layer when rolled up. To make the lower leaves more entangled, when growing the lawn, leave the lower stem with the lower leaves of the lawn, and trim the upper stem to suppress the length of the lawn, This is done by promoting leaf growth.

The middle layer is mainly composed of 30 to 70% by volume of sand,
It is composed of a medium consisting of 20 to 60% by volume of peat moss and 5 to 20% by volume of zeolite, a root part of the upper lawn and roots extended therefrom, and has a thickness of 15 to 40 mm. The sand used here may be any kind of natural sand. Also, if the amount of sand used is less than 30% by volume, the effect of improving the rooting of the lawn becomes difficult to appear, and if it exceeds 70% by volume, it becomes difficult to germinate and grow grass, and as a layer. Also becomes less stable. In addition, the sand used here generally has higher stability as an intermediate layer as the larger the particle size in the particle size distribution of the sand, but the larger the particle size is. If so, the growth of the grass becomes sparse and it becomes difficult to intermingle the lower leaves. From this point of view, it is preferable that the average particle size of the sand is about 1 mm. It is also preferable to use sand that is the same as or similar to the place of transplantation in order to improve the rooting of the grass after transplantation.

[0010] Peat moss, in a narrow sense, means sphagnum sphagnum moss, but is generally peat moss-like or fibrous and is used as a root covering for flowers, plants and the like. Say. In a broader sense, peat is the body of dead plants that have accumulated on the bottom of water such as swamps and lakes and carbonized, but it is not completely blackened but is yellowish brown or reddish brown, fibrous and the original plant. The peat itself is also called peat moss because it is possible to distinguish the tissue of the naked eye and to distinguish it from fuel such as coal. The peat moss used here is a peat moss in a broad sense, and includes not only fibrous ones and moss-like ones but also coarse powdery ones and aggregated ones. By using peat moss in the medium of the middle layer,
The medium will be able to retain the water and fertilizer necessary for germination and growth of turf. However, the amount of peat moss is 20
If it is less than the volume%, it becomes difficult for the turf to germinate and grow.
When it exceeds 0% by volume, the roots of the grass are likely to grow toward the middle layer even after transplanting, and the effect of improving the rooting of the lawn on the transplanted site becomes difficult to appear.

Zeolite, which is also called an inorganic exchanger, is an ion exchanger whose matrix is an inorganic material, and a typical example thereof is a siliceous exchanger, which is a tetrahedral SiO ₄ matrix and an aluminate. It has been with the exchange group to the group (-AlO _4). Naturally, it is produced as fluorspars and stones. Further, it can be synthesized by a dry method from kaolin, quartz and sodium carbonate, and further can be synthesized by a wet method from sodium silicate, sodium aluminate and the like. In general, commercially available zeolite is manufactured by firing natural fluorite or the like in order to increase the compressive strength and the absorption capacity. The zeolite used here may be any as long as it has an ion exchange capacity and an ability to hold fertilizers such as ammonia and potassium, but if possible, it is a natural product and is a calcined product. Preferably there is. Further, the particle size is preferably about 1 mm for the same reason as in the case of sand. When the amount of this zeolite is less than 5% by volume, it becomes difficult to retain the fertilizer necessary for growing grass, and when it exceeds 20% by volume, more fertilizer than necessary is retained. It is not preferable because the roots tend to grow toward the middle layer, which adversely affects the rooting of the grass on the transplantation site and the cost of zeolite increases.

The medium of the middle layer is mainly composed of the above-mentioned sand, peat moss and zeolite, but may further contain solid fertilizer such as compost. Further, the middle layer naturally includes the lower stem portion of the turf germinated from the turf seed mixed in the medium and the turf root. In addition, sand is almost grain-shaped, unlike amorphous bark flakes such as Pinaceae, so the thickness of the middle layer should be 1 to ensure stability as a layer.
It must be 5 mm or more. If it is less than 15 mm, the resistance against bending force becomes small, the medium of the middle layer may collapse when rolling the lawn carpet, and since it does not have sufficient fertilizer and water retention ability even after transplantation, Rooting and growth of rice are delayed. If it exceeds 40 mm, it will take a long time for the roots of the grass to grow through the middle layer to reach the bottom, and it will be too thick to bend, making it difficult to wind it into a roll. Not only that, the grass roots grow more easily in the middle layer than in the soil of the transplanted land, and the rooting of the lawn is delayed. The most preferable range for rooting the lawn is in the range of 30 to 35 mm.

The lower layer is a layer formed by entwining roots extending through the middle layer from the root part of the middle layer lawn into a woven fabric. When the lawn carpet has flexibility, it can be easily rolled into a roll. At the same time, it provides high tensile strength. To entangle the grass roots in a woven form, when growing the lawn, leave the lower stem portion with the lower leaves of the lawn, and mow the upper stem portion to suppress the length of the lawn length, This is done by promoting root growth as well as promoting lower leaf growth. Although the lawn carpet according to the present invention is composed of the above-mentioned upper layer, middle layer, and lower layer, the boundaries between these layers are not necessarily clearly divided, and gradually change in some sections. There are also places.

The lawn carpet according to the second invention comprises the first
The lawn in the lawn carpet according to the invention includes one or more types of turf among cold-resistant varieties, drought-resistant varieties, trampling-resistant varieties, and insect-resistant varieties including endophytic fungi. It consists of two or more varieties of turf. This cold-resistant variety of grass includes Kentucky bluegrass species such as Distini, Baron and Lamb 1, and the drought-resistant variety of grass includes tall fescue species such as Jaguar 2 and Jaguar 3. The pressure-resistant grass includes Manhattan 2, which belongs to the Perennial Rye species, and citation. Further, among insect-resistant varieties of turf that contain endophytic bacteria that kill pests on the roots of turf, there is turf belonging to the above-mentioned Perennial Rye species. 1 of the varieties with these characteristics
Lawn carpets consisting of two or more varieties of turf, including varieties of varieties of turf, not only have weather resistance in the growing area, but also in transplanting areas. And, the growth becomes more effective.

In the method for producing a lawn carpet according to the third aspect of the present invention, a synthetic resin film having drainage holes provided in places is spread on a substantially horizontal and flat land, and sand 2 is mainly formed on the synthetic resin film.
0-70% by volume, peat moss 20-60% by volume, and
Turf seeds are added to a medium composed of 5 to 20% by volume of zeolite, or fertilizer or the like is further added to the mixture, and the mixture is laid to a thickness of 15 to 40 mm and sprinkled to germinate the turf seeds for external environment. According to the growing condition of the turf, sprinkling water, adding fertilizer, etc., while mowing the upper stem of the lengthy lawn,
The feature is that the lawn is cultivated so that the lower leaves of the lawn are sufficiently crossed, and at the same time, the roots of the lawn reaching the bottom of the laying are crawled sideways on the synthetic resin film and entangled with each other. The land to which this method is applied may be any land as long as the temperature and sunshine necessary for germination and growth of turf can be obtained.
In well-drained land such as coarse sand, it is better to be completely horizontal, but in poorly drained land such as fallow fields, it is necessary to make a slight slope to improve drainage. In addition, the ground surface needs to be flat, and if there is unevenness, it is difficult for the medium to have a uniform thickness, and the bottom surface of the finished lawn carpet becomes uneven, and there are parts that do not adhere to the transplantation site. There is a risk. As long as the synthetic resin film laid on such a land can prevent the grass roots that have extended downward from the laying material to further extend downward, it can be crawled in the lateral direction. It may be something like this. In addition, as a drainage hole provided in the film, a hole with a diameter of about 0.5 mm is 1 m so that the water content of the medium can be maintained within a certain range even if it is rained or the like.
^It suffices that about 100 pieces are provided for every ² . On such a film, a medium mainly composed of sand, peat moss, and zeolite and turf seeds are added, or fertilizer or the like is further added thereto, and they are mixed well and then laid to a constant thickness. Then, water is sprinkled and germinated to grow lawn by a usual method. Then, when growing the lawn, the upper stems of the lengthened lawn are mowed several times to promote the growth of the lower leaves and the growth of the roots so that the lower leaves are entangled and the roots are entangled in a woven shape. .

A lawn carpet manufacturing method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention provides the above-mentioned cold-resistant varieties, drought-resistant varieties, trampling-resistant varieties, and turf seeds used in the lawn carpet manufacturing method according to the third invention. Using two or more types of turf seeds, including one or more varieties of turf seeds among insect varieties including endophytic fungi.
It is a method for obtaining a lawn carpet which has weather resistance not only in a growing place but also in a transplanted place and has a better lawn rooting in the transplanted place, like the lawn carpet according to the present invention.

[0017]

In the lawn carpet according to the first aspect of the present invention, as described above, the entangled structure of the lower lobes of the upper lawn contributes to the tensile strength to some extent, and the lower layer of the woven fabric forms the middle layer in a sandwich form. By sandwiching it, it prevents the medium from collapsing and stabilizes the middle layer, and the medium having a constant thickness of the middle layer keeps the relative position of the root of the lawn from being displaced, and at the same time, lowers the lawn of the lower layer. The woven structure composed of roots, by exhibiting high tensile strength, can be rolled into a roll as a whole, and not only has high tensile strength, but also the medium of the middle layer As with many transplants, it contains sand at a relatively high content, which improves the rooting of lawns on the transplants.
Further, the lawn carpet according to the second aspect of the present invention is a lawn composed of various kinds of grass, so that the weather resistance at the transplanted site is enhanced, and the rooting of the lawn at the transplanted site can be further improved.

As described above, the lawn and carpet manufacturing method according to the third aspect of the present invention comprises:
Promote the growth of lower leaves and roots of grass by mixing grass seeds in a medium with a high sand content, laying to a certain thickness, germinating grass, and mowing the upper stem of the grown grass. However, since it is further grown, it is possible to manufacture a lawn carpet having a high tensile strength and having a good rooting to the transplanted place. In addition, the lawn and carpet manufacturing method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, as described above, uses a variety of grass seeds to produce a grass carpet having high weather resistance in a transplanted area and improved grass rooting. can do.

[0019]

【Example】

[Example 1] A land having a length of about 112 m and a width of about 87 m is flattened in a fallow field, and a drainage ditch having a width of about 20 cm and a depth of about 10 cm is circulated around the land to form a growing land, and the growing land is formed on the drainage groove. A polyethylene film having a thickness of 0.2 mm, a width of 1.5 m, and a length of 100 m, which has about 400 drain holes with a radius of about 0.5 mm per m ² , is spaced at a distance of 6 Natural sand from Tenryu River with an average particle size of 1 mm is used as a culture medium on the film in one row.
4.5 l / m ² , Hokkaido fibrous peat moss 7 l / m
² and 3.5 l / m ^{2 of} American zeolite,
As grass seed, Kentucky bluegrass seed 20g / m
² , tall fescue seeds 25 g / m ² and perennial rye seeds 5 g / m ² were mixed well, and the thickness was 35 m.
After laying in m, sprinkle water and germinate, and once the grass has grown to a certain extent, once every week, 18 times in total, mowing the upper stem part while leaving the lower leaves, growing the lawn by the usual method for 3 months. did. The resulting lawn carpet had high tensile strength and could be rolled into a roll as shown in FIG. When it was transplanted to sand, rooting was good.

[Example 2] A medium having an average particle size of 1 mm
Natural sand 10.5 L / ^{m 2} Kashima production of, nodular peat moss 21l / ^{m 2} of Canadian and, using a zeolite 3.5 l / ^{m 2} of american may the same turf seeds as in Example 1 The mixture was laid on a film in a row different from that of Example 1 to a thickness of 35 mm, and turf was germinated in the same manner as in Example 1, and once the turf had grown to some extent, about once a week. The lawn was cultivated by an ordinary method for 3 months while mowing the upper stem part while leaving the lower leaves a total of 18 times. The obtained lawn carpet had a high tensile strength and could be wound into a roll shape. When it was transplanted to sand, it had good rooting.

[Example 3] As a medium, an average particle size of 1 mm
Natural sand 7.5 l / ^{m 2} of Tenryugawa production, Hokkaido fibrous peat moss 6l / ^{m 2,} and a zeolite 1.5 l / ^{m 2} manufactured by Ube Industries, similar to Example 1 formulation The grass seeds of No. ³ which were well mixed with 30 g / m ² in total were laid on another row of film to a thickness of 15 mm, and the grass was germinated and the grass was grown to some extent in the same manner as in Example 1. Since then
The lawn was cultivated by a usual method for 2.5 months while mowing the upper stem portion while leaving the lower leaves, once a week for a total of 15 times. The obtained lawn carpet had a high tensile strength and could be wound into a roll shape. When it was transplanted to sand, it had good rooting.

[Example 4] As a medium, an average particle size of 1 mm
Natural sand 16l / ^{m 2} of Tenryugawa production, nodular peat moss 20l / ^{m 2} of Canadian and American produced zeolite 4l / ^{m 2,} Example 1 and similar grass seed meter 50 g / ^{m 2}
A mixture of and was laid on another film to a thickness of 40 mm, and the turf was germinated in the same manner as in Example 1 and, once the turf had grown to some extent, about once a week, The lawn was grown by a normal method for 4 months while cutting the upper stem portion leaving the lower leaf a total of 23 times. The obtained lawn carpet had a high tensile strength and could be wound in a roll shape, and when it was transplanted to sand, the rooting was good.

[Comparative Example 1] As a medium, an average particle size of 1 mm
35 l / m ² of natural sand from Tenryu River of No. 10 was used, and a mixture of the same grass seeds of 50 g / m ² as in Example 1 was well mixed and laid on another film to a thickness of 35 mm. In addition, the grass was germinated and the lawn was grown in the same manner as in Example 1. However, probably because the medium has neither water-holding ability nor fertilizing ability, the roots of the lawn did not grow densely, the sand medium could not be held, and it was quite difficult to make it like a carpet.

[Comparative Example 2] A medium having an average particle size of 1 mm
Natural sand 24.5l / ^{m 2,} nodular peat moss 7l / ^{m 2} Canadian of Kashima production, and, Isolite 3.5 l / m
² except that the total amount of grass seeds was 50 g / m as in Example 1.
^{When a} mixture of ² and ² was laid on another row of film to a thickness of 35 mm, and the grass was germinated and grown in the same manner as in Example 1, poor germination was observed in the isolite portion. I couldn't get a uniform lawn.

[0025]

Since the lawn carpet according to the present invention has the above-mentioned structure and action, it can be wound in a roll shape, has high tensile strength, and has a root even when transplanted to sand. Well, it also brings about the effect of good growth thereafter, and the method for producing a lawn carpet according to the present invention has the above-mentioned constitution and action, so that the above-mentioned excellent lawn carpet is extremely efficiently produced. This brings about the effect that it can be manufactured in a simple manner.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of a lawn carpet according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An upper layer of turf in which lower leaves are entangled, a medium consisting mainly of 30 to 70% by volume of sand, 20 to 60% by volume of peat moss, and 5 to 20% by volume of zeolite, and a root part of the upper layer of lawn and from it. Thickness 1 with elongated roots
A lawn carpet consisting of a middle layer of 5 to 40 mm and a lower layer formed by entwining roots extending from the root part of the middle layer lawn through the middle layer in a woven shape. 2. The lawn is a cold-resistant type, an early-resistant type,
The lawn carpet according to claim 1, wherein the lawn carpet is composed of two or more types of turf including a trodder-resistant varieties and one or more varieties of reptiles containing endophytic fungi. 3. A synthetic resin film provided with drainage holes in places is spread on a substantially horizontal and flat land, and 30 to 70% by volume of sand, 20 to 60% by volume of peat moss, and zeolite 5 are mainly laid on the synthetic resin film. ~ 20% by volume of the medium,
A mixture of turf seeds, etc. is laid in a thickness of 15-40 mm, sprinkled to sprout the turf seeds, sprinkled, top-dressed, etc. according to the external environment and the growth of the turf. While cutting the stems, the lawn is grown and the lower leaves of the lawn are sufficiently entangled, and at the same time, the grass roots reaching the bottom of the laying are crawled sideways on the synthetic resin film and entangled with each other. The method for manufacturing a lawn carpet according to claim 1, characterized in that 4. A synthetic resin film provided with drainage holes in places is spread on a substantially horizontal and flat land, and 30 to 70% by volume of sand, 20 to 60% by volume of peat moss, and zeolite 5 are mainly laid on the film. ~ 20% by volume of the medium,
Cold-resistant varieties, drought-resistant varieties, trampling-resistant varieties, and
A mixture of turf seeds of two or more varieties including turf seeds of one or more varieties among insect varieties including endophyte is laid in a thickness of 15 to 40 mm and sprinkled Sprouting seeds of turf, sprinkling water, adding fertilizer, etc. according to the external environment and the growth condition of the turf, growing the lawn while mowing the overgrown stalk of the turf, and fully entangle the lower leaves of the lawn At the same time, a lawn carpet manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the grass roots that have reached the bottom of the laying material are entangled with each other by laterally crawling on the synthetic resin film.