JPH08145435A - Optimum operation controller for cooling and heating plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide the optimum operation controller for a cooling and heating plant in which the plant can be efficiently automatically operated without necessity of obtaining a specialized operator and which has high reliability. CONSTITUTION: The optimum operation controller for a cooling and heating plant comprises heat load result storage means (11) for storing the past heat load result of the plant, heat load predicting means (13) for predicting the heat load of the plant (20) based on the air temperature forecast value and the result, plant constant storage means (14) for storing the plant constants of units for constituting the plant, and plant service scheduling means (15) for obtaining the service schedule value of the plant based on the constant and the heat load predicted value by using a mixed integer planning method. Accordingly, the controller comprises plant control means (16) for controlling the plant so that the heat load of the plant coincides with the schedule value of the plant.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optimum operation control device for a cooling and heating plant, and more particularly to an optimum operation control device for a district cooling and heating plant.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an operator operates a plant by using a control device for each equipment as a device for controlling a district heating and cooling plant and a system for comprehensively monitoring the plant.

[0003]

However, in such an operation method, not only a specialized operator must be secured around the clock, but also the operation of the plant is not affected by the ability of the individual and always. There was a problem that it was difficult to operate efficiently.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable optimum operation control device for a heating and cooling plant which does not require a specialized operator and can efficiently and automatically operate the cooling and heating plant. .

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is a heat load record storing means for storing a past heat load record of an air conditioning plant, an air temperature forecast value and a heat load record storing means. The heat load predicting means for predicting the heat load of the cooling and heating plant based on the heat load record of the plant stored in the plant, the plant constant storing means for storing the plant constant of each device constituting the cooling and heating plant, and the plant constant. Based on the plant constant stored in the storage means and the heat load prediction value predicted by the heat load prediction means, the plant operation planning means for obtaining the operation plan value of the cooling and heating plant using the mixed integer programming method, and the cooling and heating plant A plant that controls a heating and cooling plant so that the heat load matches the plant operation plan value obtained by the plant operation planning means. The optimum operation control device for air-conditioning plant with an control means it is an gist.

The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that the cooling and heating plant is configured to include an electric device and a gas device.

A third aspect of the present invention is characterized by further including a human interface input / output unit for taking in the temperature forecast value.

[0008] A fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the heat load record storage means stores the past heat load record of the cooling and heating plant together with the time and day of the week.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the heat load predicting means uses the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature as the predicted temperature values.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is summarized in that the plant control means controls the heat load of the cooling and heating plant by a combination of operating number control and load control of the devices constituting the cooling and heating plant.

[0011]

In the optimum operation control apparatus according to the first aspect, the plant heat load is first predicted on the basis of the past heat load results of the cooling and heating plant. Next, based on the rated capacity of each equipment in the plant, improve efficiency (optimal operation combination of various equipment, cut power consumption during peak power hours, stable operation of plant equipment, effective use of unused energy, etc.) A plant operation plan is created every predetermined time interval up to the target N hours, for example, 24 hours ahead, for example, every hour. Then, the plant operation plan obtains the control target value of each plant device in each time zone, and the control of each plant device is performed so as to be the control target value. As a result, it becomes possible to formulate a comprehensive operation plan of the operator, and the automatic load control of the plant component equipment is executed according to the control target plan value obtained by the plan.

In the optimum operation control device according to the second aspect of the present invention, by configuring the cooling and heating plant including the gas type equipment and the electric type equipment, it becomes possible to select and operate an appropriate equipment each time. Therefore, more efficient operation control can be realized.

In the optimum operation control device according to the third aspect, by providing the human interface input / output unit, the required temperature forecast value can be promptly obtained at low cost from the temperature information announced as part of the weather forecast. Can be incorporated into.

In the optimum operation control device according to the fourth aspect, the heat load record storing means stores the past heat load record of the cooling and heating plant together with the time and the day of the week, thereby performing control according to the characteristics of the day of the week. Alternatively, fine control such as control according to characteristics of each time zone can be achieved.

In the optimum operation control device according to the fifth aspect, by using the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature as the predicted temperature values, more effective predictive control can be achieved with as little data as possible.

In the optimum operation control device according to the sixth aspect, the heat load of the cooling and heating plant is controlled by a combination of the operating number control and the operating load control of the devices constituting the cooling and heating plant. Therefore, finer control can be performed and more efficient control can be achieved.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an optimum operation control device 10 constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an unused energy utilization type district heating and cooling plant 20 to which the control device of FIG. 1 is applied.

The optimum operation control device 10 of FIG. 1 is provided with a process input / output unit 17 for inputting a measurement signal from the district heating / cooling plant 20 and outputting a control signal to the plant 20. Based on the measurement signal input from the plant 20 via the process input / output unit 17, the past load (heat amount etc.) record of the plant 20 is stored in the heat load record storage means 11 together with the time and the day of the week. The heat load prediction means 13 statistically statistically calculates the past load performance stored in the heat load performance storage means 11 and the temperature forecast values (the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature according to the weather forecast) input from the human interface input / output unit 12. Process to predict plant heat load. A plant constant storage unit 14 that stores plant constants (see equation (13) below) of each device that constitutes the plant 20 is provided, and the plant constants and the heat load stored in the plant constant storage unit 14 are provided. Based on the predicted heat load value predicted by the prediction unit 13, the plant operation planning unit 15 obtains a plant operation plan value, that is, a target plan value by the mixed integer programming method which is one of the optimization methods. Plant operation planning means 1
5. The target planned value obtained by 5 and the process input / output unit 17
Based on the measurement signal of the plant 20, that is, the process signal, which is input from the plant control means 16, the plant control means 16 calculates a control signal for controlling the number of operating plants and load control of each operating equipment, and outputs the control signal. It is sent to the unused energy utilization type district heating and cooling plant 20 via 17. In the district heating / cooling plant 20, plant control, that is, operating unit number control and load control, is performed according to the control signal sent from the optimum operation control device 10, that is, the plant operation plan value.

On the other hand, FIG.
As shown in, a cold water heat storage tank 21 and an absorption refrigerator 28 are provided as cold water sources, and a hot water heat storage tank 22 and a boiler 27 are provided as hot water sources. Cold water storage tank 2
As a means for supplying cold water to 1, sewage treated water exhaust heat system 2
3 and a heat pump (HP) 25 having a cooling tower 31,
A heat recovery type heat pump (double bundle = DB) 26 is provided, and the cold water energy of the cold water heat storage tank 21 is supplied to the customer 35 in the form of cold water through the heat exchanger 32 and the regional cold water pipe 29. The hot water energy obtained through the DB 26 is supplied to the customer 35 in the form of hot water through the hot water heat storage tank 22, the heat exchanger 33, and the regional hot water pipe 30. The HP25 and DB26 systems are included in the electric cooling and heating equipment.

The absorption refrigerating machine 28 is operated by using a part or all of the heat energy from the refuse incineration heat recovery system 24 and the boiler 27 as a heat drive source, and the cold water thereof is directly supplied to the customer 35 through the district cold water piping 29. Supplied. The thermal energy from the refuse incineration waste heat system 24 and the boiler 27 is supplied to the customer 35 in the form of hot water through the heat exchanger 34 and the regional hot water pipe 30. The boiler 27 and the absorption chiller 28 are included in the gas type air conditioner.

The operation of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described below. Note that, here, for the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that the load prediction for each hour is performed until 24 hours ahead. That is, Δt = 1 [h] and N = 24.

First, load prediction is performed according to the following concept. FIG. 3 shows the flow of heat load prediction. A correlation graph 41 showing the correlation between the outside air temperature in unit temperature increments and the amount of heat stored in the heat load performance storage means 11 for each day of the week;
Similarly, based on the air-conditioning (air conditioning) utilization rate 42 for each unit of time, which is also stored for each day of the week, and the temperature forecast value graph 43 for each unit of time, which is input from the human interface input / output unit 12, the heat load predicting means. At 13, the correlation graph 44 showing the correlation between the outside air temperature at each time and the time and the heat quantity is obtained, and the heat quantity required for the air conditioning at each time of each hour is calculated as the heat load prediction value based on this.

Based on this heat load predicted value, the plant operation planning means 15 makes a plant operation plan as follows.

First, the planning method for the heat load (cold / temperature) in the target plant shown in FIG. 2 will be described.

Formulation Consider minimizing the sum of the following five objective functions. 1. Electricity charge (power purchase cost) 2. Gas fee 3. Stable operation of heat source equipment (penalty for turning on / off each equipment) 4. Power peak cut (penalty for power consumption at power peak cut) 5. Cost for unused energy consumption Now, the operating states of the plant components at discrete time n are shown below. The on / off state X _i (n) is a vector composed of X _ij (n), i represents the type of device, and j represents the number of each device. As contents of i, h means HP25, d means DB26, a means absorption refrigerator 28, and b means boiler 27. Also j
Regarding, the HP 25 is k1, the DB 26 is k2, the absorption refrigerator 28 is k3, and the boiler 27 is k4.

[0027]

[Equation 1]

[0028]

[Equation 2]

[0029]

(Equation 3)

[0030]

[Equation 4] The amount of cold heat [GJ / h] from each absorption refrigerator 28 is A (n) = (A ₁ (n) A ₂ (n) ... A _k3 (n)) ^T (5) Heat from each boiler 27 The amount [GJ / h] is expressed as B _* (n) = (B _{* 1} (n) B _{* 2} (n) ... B _{* k4} (n)) ^T ... (6) Of these, the waste incineration heat quantity [GJ / h] used by this plant is G _* (n) = (G _{* 1} (n) G _{* 2} (n)… G _{* k4} (n)) ^T … (7)

[0031]

(Equation 5) The heat storage amount [GJ] of the cold water heat storage tank 21 is expressed as c _# (n) = (c _{# 1} (n) c _{# 2} (n) ... c _{# m1} (n)) ^T ... (9) Heat storage of the hot water heat storage tank 22 The quantity [GJ] is expressed as h _# (n) = (h _{# 1} (n) h _{# 2} (n) ... h _{# m2} (n)) ^T ... (10) Heat supplied from the cold water storage tank 21 [GJ / h ] And c _& (n) = (c _{& 1} (n) c _{& 2} (n) ... c _{& m1} (n)) ^T ... (11) The heat supply [GJ / h] from the hot water heat storage tank 22 is expressed as h _& ( n) = (h _{& 1} (n) h _{& 2} (n) ... h _{& m2} (n)) ^T ... (12).

[0032]

(Equation 6)

[0033]

(Equation 7)

[0034]

(Equation 8) Electric power unit price is C _e [yen / kWh], gas unit price is C _g [yen /
m ³ ], the penalty for power consumption at the peak of power consumption is C _p [yen / kWh], the cost of using the sewage treatment water is C _u1 [yen ・ GJ ⁻¹・ h], and the waste heat for waste incineration is The cost required for use is C _u2 [yen · GJ ⁻¹ · h].

An on / off penalty W _ij [circle] of each heat source device and the boiler 27 is represented by a vector W _i . However, i represents the type of device, and j represents the number of each device. And as the content of i, h is HP
25, d means DB 26, a means absorption refrigerator 28, and b means boiler 27. As for j, HP1 is k1, DB26 is k2, absorption refrigerator 28
Is k3 units and the boiler 27 is k4 units.

[0036]

[Equation 9] The efficiency η _c of the cold water heat storage tank 21 is η _c = diag (η _c1 η _c2 ... η _cm1 ) (18) However, diag () represents an element of a diagonal matrix. Similarly, the efficiency η _h of the hot water storage tank 22 is η _h = diag (η _h1 η _h2 … η _hm2 ) _{・ ・ ・} (19) Cooling heat demand [GJ / h] is Q (n) and heating demand [GJ / h] Q
_* (N) and the upper and lower limits are as follows.

[0037]

[Equation 10]

[0038]

[Equation 11]

[0039]

(Equation 12)

[0040]

(Equation 13)

[0041]

[Equation 14]

[0042]

(Equation 15)

[0043]

[Equation 16]

[0044]

[Equation 17]

[0045]

(Equation 18)

[0046]

[Formula 19]

[0047]

(Equation 20) In the above-described embodiment, the objective function and the constraint condition shown above are solved by the mixed integer programming method, and every 1 hour.
Obtain heat storage plant operation plan values for 4 hours. Based on this, the plant control means 16 controls the process input / output unit 17
Energy-saving district heating and cooling plant through
A control signal is sent to 0 to perform plant control according to the plant operation plan value.

The operation plan value of the heat storage plant is not limited to every 24 hours (one day), and how many days or hours should be planned at what time interval?
It can be set as appropriate in consideration of the relationship between the obtained effect and cost.

[0049]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the plant operation plan is calculated based on the plant constant and the predicted heat load, it is not necessary to secure a specialized operator, and it is possible to operate the plant efficiently and automatically. An operation control device can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an optimum operation control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a district heating and cooling plant to which the optimum operation control device of FIG. 1 is applied.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a flow of heat load.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Optimal operation control device 11 Heat load performance storage means 12 Human interface input / output section 13 Heat load prediction means 14 Plant constant storage means 15 Plant operation planning means 16 Plant control means 17 Process input / output section 20 District heating and cooling plant 21 Cold water heat storage tank 22 hot water heat storage tank 23 sewage treatment water exhaust heat system 24 waste incineration exhaust heat system 25 heat pump (HP) 26 double bundle (DB) 27 boiler 28 absorption chiller 29 regional cold water pipe 30 regional hot water pipe 31 cooling tower 32-34 heat exchange Container 35 consumer

Front page continued (72) Inventor Tadashi Nakamaru 1-1-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Toshiba Headquarters office (72) Inventor Ryuichi Inaba 1 Toshiba-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo Toshiba Fuchu, Ltd. Inside the factory (72) Yutaka Hara Atsushi Toshiba Town, Fuchu City, Tokyo 1st floor, Toshiba Fuchu Co., Ltd. Inside the factory (72) Inventor Masahiko Murai 1 Komukai Toshiba Town, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture Toshiba Research & Development Co., Ltd. In the center (72) Inventor Keishi Hokari No. 1 Toshiba-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo Inside the Fuchu factory, Toshiba Corporation

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A heat load performance storage means for storing past heat load performance of an air conditioning heating plant, and the heating and cooling operation based on the temperature forecast value and the heat load performance of the plant stored in the heat load performance storage means. Heat load predicting means for predicting heat load of the plant, plant constant storing means for storing plant constants of each device constituting the cooling and heating plant, and plant constants and the heat stored in the plant constant storing means Based on the heat load prediction value predicted by the load predicting means, a plant operation planning means for obtaining an operation plan value of the cooling and heating plant using a mixed integer programming method, and a heat load of the cooling and heating plant by the plant operation planning means. And a plant control means for controlling the cooling and heating plant so as to match the operation plan value of the obtained plant. Optimal operation control device for a heating and cooling plant. 2. The optimum operation control device for a cooling and heating plant according to claim 1, wherein the cooling and heating plant includes an electric device and a gas device. 3. A human being incorporating the temperature forecast value.
The optimum operation control device for a cooling and heating plant according to claim 1, further comprising an interface input / output unit. 4. The optimum operation control device for a cooling and heating plant according to claim 1, wherein the heat load record storage means stores past heat load records of the cooling and heating plant together with time and day of the week. 5. The optimum operation control device for a cooling and heating plant according to claim 1, wherein the heat load predicting means uses the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature as the predicted temperature values. 6. The optimum operation of the cooling and heating plant according to claim 1, wherein the plant control means controls the heat load of the cooling and heating plant by a combination of control of the number of operating devices constituting the cooling and heating plant and load control. Control device.