JPH0814166B2 - Open / close roof stadium - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of use] The present invention relates to an open / close roof stadium. More specifically, it is a facility used for holding baseball and other sports and various large-scale events, and the roof structure is openable.
The structure is such that the roof is closed in the case of rain and the roof is opened in fine weather.

[Prior Art] It has been a long-standing dream to make a stadium for baseball and other outdoor sports a facility that can be held even on rainy days, but a fixed-roof stadium made of steel structure such as Astrodome has As the first generation, the second generation was realized with air membrane structures such as the Metrodome in Minneapolis, England and the Tokyo Dome completed in 1988.

The current mainstream is a stadium with an open / closed roof, which is said to be the third generation. The Pittsburgh Auditorium completed in 1961 and the Montreal completed in 1987.
The Olympic Stadium and the Melbourne National Tennis Center, also completed in 1987, are used as baseball fields.
Since the opening of the Toronto Skydome in 1989, there have been many calls for an open / closed roof stadium.

The Tokyo Dome, which has a fixed roof with a membrane structure, has gained extraordinary popularity since its opening, but outdoor sports such as baseball and American football naturally hit a pleasant breeze under a clear blue sky or a starry sky on sunny days. However, it is self-evident that watching a game is more liberating and more preferable, and it is inevitable that the fixed roof system will be changed to the open / closed roof system.

In response to this trend, the Zenkon companies have proposed the following stadium with an open / closed roof.

Obayashi Gumi (Skylight Dome), Kashima Construction (Rainbow Dome), Kumagai Gumi (Sundome), Shimizu Construction (Super Sark Dome), Taisei Construction (Armadillo), Takenaka Corporation (Shell Dome), Tokyu Construction (The Planet) ),
Toda Construction (Apple Dome), Tobishima Construction (The Dome) Nishimatsu Construction (Trendy Dome), Mamagumi (Space Dome) Fujita Industry (Slidem), Maeda Construction (Dual Dome), Mitsui Construction (Sky Wave) As above For more information on various covered stadiums that have been realized or are in the proposal stage, see NIKKKEI ARCH
ITECTURE 1988.6.27., 1989.3.6., Column No.
111 1989.1 and Construction Industry Newspaper 1989.8.11.

Among the conventionally known open / closed roof stadiums, if the roof has a dome shape, one side of the dome is cut out in a linear or curved shape, in other words, it is a combination of a plurality of bowl-shaped ones, The upper dome 10 and the lower dome of the present invention
It is not known that there are open parts on both sides of the dome roof, such as 20.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The goal of the open / close roof stadium is to open the stadium in a closed state that is not inferior to that of a covered roof, and in an open state that is not inferior to that of an open roof. It depends on how the open and closed designs are organically tied to function.

Considering the open / closed roof stadiums of the above companies from this point of view, the main purpose is to hold baseball,
It seems that the basic requirement for a stadium with an open / closed roof that can accommodate various events cannot be said to be sufficient. For example, the roof is not only used to block rain, snow and snow, but depending on the type of event, the closed and open shapes of the roof are extremely important for lighting effects, acoustic effects, and installation of these facilities. However, the open / closed roof stadiums of the companies mentioned above are so arguing that each company is original, and the structure of the open / closed roofs gives priority to the unusual design rather than the function of being able to handle various events. I hate it.

Further, some of the open / close roofs of the above-mentioned companies have a drawback in that they do not take into consideration the psychological state of the audience.
In other words, it is not uncommon for many people to feel a sense of fear and oppression because of the vast roof structure above them, but the more weird the roof design, the more such feeling increases. .

In view of the above, the present invention has reviewed the open / closed roof stadiums of each company that have been clarified up to the present time, and puts emphasis on only holding baseball, and is a basic idea of an open / closed roof stadium that can support various events. Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to reveal an open / closed roof stadium whose function and design match.Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible for the audience to enjoy the event without fear or pressure. The purpose is to clarify a stadium with a roof structure that can be opened and closed.

[Means for Solving the Problems] An object of the present invention is to form at least an outer edge of a stadium in a circular shape, and to form a pair of lower domes each having a hyperbolic opening at the upper portions of the field portion and the spectator seat portion. The upper dome and the upper dome are partially overlapped, and each of the pair of domes is driven in the free circumferential direction by the respective circumferential drive mechanisms arranged along the outer edge of the stadium, and At least the upper part of the field is closed and partially opened, and further, a pair of domes are moved in parallel by a linear driving mechanism in which the above-mentioned circumferential driving mechanisms of the lower dome and the upper dome are respectively provided on the upper part. This is achieved by a stadium with an open / closed roof, which is characterized by being configured to move out of space.

[Examples] Next, the open / close roof stadium according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which the openable roof is closed. The openable / closable roof is composed of an upper dome indicated by reference numeral 10 and a lower dome indicated by 20. The upper dome 10 has a dome-shaped cross section and a structure having a hyperbolic open portion when viewed from a plane,
The lower dome 20 has a dome-shaped cross section, and has a hyperbolic open portion having a shape different from that of the upper dome 10. Also,
The upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 of the present invention can also be expressed as a divergent arch.

Further, as will be described later, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 of the present invention are configured so as to be independently circumferentially driven (circular movement) in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome are
From the state where 20 and 20 overlap in a cross shape (closed state),
As shown in the figure, both are relatively rotated by 90 degrees (overlapping open state, but Fig. 2 shows the roof fully open state by performing linear drive from the overlapping open state to the left in the drawing). Since the release part can be freely set up to the position), there is an advantage that the width and the release direction of the release part can be freely adjusted depending on the direction of the sunshine and the wind.

With the combination of bowl-shaped upper and lower domes, which have been known so far, even if the upper and lower domes are configured to be freely rotatable with respect to each other, it is possible to form the release portion only in one direction of the dome roof. Is.

The above difference appears as an effective difference in a mode in which lighting equipment and audio equipment are provided on the lower surface of the dome roof, for example. That is, in the case of a bowl-shaped upper and lower dome, if the upper dome and the lower dome are overlapped, the lower surface of the upper dome will become a dead zone for lighting equipment and audio equipment, and lighting and acoustic effects will be reduced. Considering this, it is necessary to minimize the overlap between the upper dome and the lower dome, and the roof opening ratio must be substantially low. The configurations such as the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 of the present invention have a high degree of freedom in terms of lighting and acoustic design, and the dome roof can be widely used as a part of the stage apparatus. It is clear that it is an excellent multi-purpose stadium compared to the ones.

FIG. 2 shows that the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are circumferentially driven so that the two are maximally overlapped and then linearly driven to fully open the sky of the field 30 and the spectator seat 31. Shows.

Depending on the amount of linear movement, the roof opening ratio
It can be set freely from 100% to 100% including the seats.

Although not described in detail, the spectator seat 31 can be a moving spectator seat, and the size of the field 30 is adjusted according to the type of event to be held.

Next, a circumferential drive mechanism and a linear drive mechanism for driving and operating the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 in the above-described manner will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, the upper dome is on the outer edge of the seat 31.
Annular rails 40 for circumferentially driving the 10 and the lower dome 20 are provided separately for the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20. Each of the annular rails 40 for the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 is composed of a fixed annular rail 41 and a movable annular rail 42.

The fixed annular rail 41 is attached to the upper part of the lower frame 50 of the stadium, and the movable annular rail 42 continuous to this is on the upper surface of the parallel movement base 60 arranged on the linear rail 43 described later. It is arranged.

When the parallel moving base 60 is in the position shown in FIG. 2, the fixed annular rail 41 and the movable annular rail 42 on the upper surface of the parallel moving base 60 are in a continuous state, and the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are in contact with each other.
Are independently configured to be able to perform a driving operation in the circumferential direction in the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction.

As shown in FIG. 4, after the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are overlapped in a parallel state in the “overlapping open state”, both bases of the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are operated so as to be positioned on the movable annular rail 42.
If the parallel movement base 60 is driven and operated, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 can be linearly driven and operated along the linear rail 43, and as shown in FIG. Can be

According to FIG. 6, the movable annular rail 42 and the base for parallel movement
A specific example of 60 and the linear rail 43 will be described.

A plurality of drive carriages 61 are attached to the respective bases of the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 via hinge portions 11 and 21. The upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 can be independently driven in the circumferential direction by operating the respective drive carriages 61 independently.

The drive carriage 61 travels along a movable annular rail 42 laid at the base of a groove-shaped track 65 prepared on the upper surface of the parallel movement base 60. Wheels 62 rotated by a geared motor are prepared on the lower surface of the drive carriage 61,
Furthermore, a guide rail 63 for preventing lifting is provided at the base of the groove-shaped track 65, and a roller 64 provided on the lower surface of the driving carriage 61 is engaged to prevent the driving carriage 61 from rising. It is configured to.

Further, a lateral force receiving mechanism 66 including wheels, rails, pinion racks, etc. is provided between the side surface of the drive carriage 61 and the wall surface of the grooved track 65. Similar lateral force receiving mechanism,
It is also provided between the parallel movement base 60 and the convex portion 51 constructed on the upper end of the skeleton 50.

On the lower surface of the parallel movement base 60, a plurality of parallel movement drive devices 67 that travel along the linear rails 43 laid on the upper surface of the frame 50 are prepared.

[Effects of the Invention] The open / close roof stadium of the present invention comprises a roof of a multi-purpose stadium, which is composed of an upper dome and a lower dome each having a dome-shaped cross section and having a hyperbolic open portion when viewed from above, and which are independent of each other. It is possible to produce various roof open states from "closed state" to "overlapped open state" by driving it clockwise or counterclockwise. 100% roof opening rate after moving out
Since it can be "fully opened", there is not only the advantage that the size of the release part and the direction of release can be freely adjusted depending on the direction of sunlight and the wind, but for example, lighting equipment on the lower surface of the dome roof. In the aspect in which the or the acoustic equipment is provided, it becomes possible to perform lighting and acoustic design with a high degree of freedom without substantially lowering the roof opening ratio,
Since the dome roof can be widely used as a part of the stage equipment, it is important as an all-weather multipurpose stadium where various events are expected to be held, and the above-mentioned problems can be solved.

Further, in the open / closed roof stadium of the present invention, the dome roof is formed by two arches supported by the base that is widened toward the end, so that the spectator feels fear compared to the known open / closed roof stadium in the shape of a bowl. There is little feeling of oppression, and the above-mentioned problems can be solved.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a perspective view of the roof closed, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the roof fully open, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the roof removed.
FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the circumferential driving of the roof, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the linear driving of the roof, and FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of the roof driving section. In the figure, each code indicates the following. 10 ... Upper dome, 11 ... Hinge part 20 ... Lower dome, 21 ... Hinge part 30 ... Field, 31 ... Pleasant seat 40 ... Ring rail, 41 ... Fixed ring rail 42 ... Movable ring rail, 43 ... Straight rail 50 ... Body, 51 ... Convex part of frame 60 ... Translational base, 61 ... Driving carriage 62 ... Wheels, 63 ... Guide rail 64 ... Roller, 65 ... Groove track 66 ... Lateral force receiving mechanism 67 ... Translational drive device

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Yasuo Mitoki 4-12-20 Nihonbashihonmachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Sato Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeo Suzuki 4-12-20 Nihonbashihonmachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Sato Industry Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-2-256747 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A stadium having at least an outer edge formed in a circular shape, and an upper portion of a field portion and a spectator portion of the stadium is covered with a pair of a lower dome and an upper dome having a hyperbolic opening. However, each of the pair of domes is driven in the free circumferential direction by the respective circumferential drive mechanisms arranged along the outer edge of the stadium to close and partially open the roof. A pair of domes move in parallel by a linear driving mechanism provided on the upper part of each of the lower dome and the upper dome in the circumferential direction, and at least leave the field upper space. Opening and closing roof stadium.