JPH08135381A - Impact relaxation device of tunnel entrance - Google Patents

Impact relaxation device of tunnel entrance

Info

Publication number
JPH08135381A
JPH08135381A JP27960794A JP27960794A JPH08135381A JP H08135381 A JPH08135381 A JP H08135381A JP 27960794 A JP27960794 A JP 27960794A JP 27960794 A JP27960794 A JP 27960794A JP H08135381 A JPH08135381 A JP H08135381A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
tunnel
train
air vent
reserve
vent hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP27960794A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takanori Okada
貴憲 岡田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP27960794A priority Critical patent/JPH08135381A/en
Publication of JPH08135381A publication Critical patent/JPH08135381A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To relax sufficiently an impact generated when a train enters in a tunnel, by installing a reserve tunnel whose outer periphery is opened to the atmosphere, at the entrance of the tunnel, and forming an air hole making the ventilating amount the smaller as going from the opening end side to the inner side, to the reserve tunnel. CONSTITUTION: An air vent hole 6 with a relatively large ventlating amount is formed at the opening end side 7 of a reserve tunnel 4, and the majority of the air operating to a train when the train enters to the reserve tunnel 4 at a high speed is exhausted out of the reserve tunnel 4 through the air vent hole 6. As a result, an impact pressure operating to the train is prevented. And the air vent hole 6 is formed to make the ventilating amount the larger gradually as going from the opening end side 7 to the inner side 8 of the reserve tunnel 4. Consequently, during the period when the train advances to the inner side of the reserve tunnel 4 and is entering to the main tunnel 3, the pressure operating to the train is raised gradually to the level corresponding to the pressure in the primary tunnel 3, and the generation of a large impact when the train enters to the tunnel 3 is made possible to prevent.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、高速鉄道などにおいて
利用されるトンネル入口の衝撃緩和装置に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shock absorber for a tunnel entrance used in high-speed railways.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】新幹線に代表される高速鉄道が敷設され
かつ営業されているが、この高速鉄道においては、従来
の鉄道と同程度あるいはそれ以上の部分においてトンネ
ルが設置されている。
2. Description of the Related Art A high-speed railway represented by the Shinkansen is laid and is in operation. In this high-speed railway, tunnels are installed in the same or more parts as the conventional railway.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、高速鉄道にお
いて列車がトンネルに入るときには、トンネル内に静止
状態で存在する空気が壁のように作用して圧力が急激に
上昇することが原因して、列車が相当な衝撃を受けると
いう問題点がある。とりわけ、複線の路線において対向
する列車が同時にトンネル内に入るときの衝撃が特に大
きいという問題点がある。
However, when a train enters a tunnel in a high-speed railway, the air existing in a static state in the tunnel acts like a wall and the pressure rises sharply. There is a problem that the train receives a considerable shock. In particular, there is a problem that when two trains facing each other on a double-track line enter the tunnel at the same time, the impact is particularly great.

【0004】そこで本発明はこのような問題点を解決
し、この種の高速鉄道において列車がトンネルに入ると
きに発生する衝撃を十分に緩和できるようにすることを
目的とする。
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve such a problem and to sufficiently reduce the shock generated when a train enters a tunnel in this type of high-speed railway.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
本発明は、トンネルの入口に、外周が大気に開放された
予備トンネル部を設け、この予備トンネル部に、この予
備トンネル部の開口端側から奥側に向かうにつれて徐々
に通気量が小さくなる空気抜き孔を形成したものであ
る。
In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a spare tunnel portion whose outer periphery is open to the atmosphere at the entrance of the tunnel, and the spare tunnel portion is provided at the opening end of the spare tunnel portion. The air vent hole is formed so that the ventilation amount gradually decreases from the side toward the back side.

【0006】[0006]

【作用】このような構成によれば、予備トンネル部の開
口端側では通気量が比較的大きな空気抜き孔が形成され
ているため、列車が高速でこの予備トンネル部に入ると
きには、この列車に作用しようとする空気の大半が空気
抜き孔を介して予備トンネル部の外へ排出されるため、
この列車に衝撃的に圧力が作用することが防止される。
そして、空気抜き孔は、予備トンネル部の開口端側から
奥側に向かうにつれて徐々に通気量が小さくなるように
形成されているため、列車が予備トンネル部の奥側まで
進行して本来のトンネルに入ろうとするまでの間に、こ
の列車に作用する圧力はこの本来のトンネル内での圧力
に対応する程度まで徐々に上昇する。このように作用圧
力が徐々に上昇することで、列車がトンネルに入るとき
に大きな衝撃が発生することが防止される。この衝撃の
抑制効果は、列車が単線構造のトンネルに入るときや、
対向する列車が複線構造のトンネルに同時に入るときな
どにおいて、顕著に現れる。
According to this structure, since an air vent hole having a relatively large air flow rate is formed on the opening end side of the spare tunnel portion, when the train enters the spare tunnel portion at high speed, it acts on this train. Most of the air to be exhausted is discharged to the outside of the spare tunnel through the air vent hole,
It is possible to prevent the pressure from exerting a shock on the train.
Since the air vent hole is formed so that the air flow rate gradually decreases from the open end side of the spare tunnel part toward the back side, the train travels to the back side of the spare tunnel part and becomes the original tunnel. By the time it is about to enter, the pressure acting on this train gradually rises to the extent that it corresponds to the pressure in this original tunnel. By gradually increasing the working pressure in this way, it is possible to prevent a large impact from occurring when the train enters the tunnel. The effect of suppressing this impact is when the train enters a single-line tunnel,
It appears remarkably, for example, when an oncoming train enters a double-track structure tunnel at the same time.

【0007】[0007]

【実施例】図1において、1は高速鉄道の線路であり、
山岳部2などにおいては従来と同様の本トンネル3が設
置されている。この本トンネル3の入口の部分には、外
周が山岳部2の土砂などに覆われずに大気に開放された
予備トンネル部4が、本トンネル3の入口5に連続する
ように形成されている。この予備トンネル部4は、コン
クリート材や鋼材などの適当な材料で所定の厚さに形成
され、図2の複線路および図3の単線路の例に示すよう
に、本トンネルと同様の横断面形状となるように形成さ
れている。
EXAMPLE In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a high-speed railway line,
In the mountainous area 2 etc., the same main tunnel 3 as the conventional one is installed. At the entrance of the main tunnel 3, a spare tunnel portion 4 whose outer circumference is not covered with the sand or the like of the mountain portion 2 and is open to the atmosphere is formed so as to be continuous with the entrance 5 of the main tunnel 3. . The spare tunnel portion 4 is formed of a suitable material such as concrete or steel to have a predetermined thickness, and as shown in the example of the double track of FIG. 2 and the single track of FIG. It is formed to have a shape.

【0008】予備トンネル部4には、その周方向および
長さ方向に沿って、多数の空気抜き孔6が内外を貫通す
るように形成されている。この空気抜き孔6は、たとえ
ば一定ピッチで形成されるとともに、予備トンネル部4
の開口端側7から奥側8に向かうにつれて徐々に大きな
口径から小さな口径となるように形成されて、この開口
端側7から奥側8に向かうにつれて徐々に通気量が小さ
くなるように構成されている。
A large number of air vent holes 6 are formed in the preliminary tunnel portion 4 so as to penetrate the inside and outside thereof along the circumferential direction and the length direction thereof. The air vent holes 6 are formed at a constant pitch, for example, and the preliminary tunnel portion 4 is formed.
Is formed such that the diameter gradually increases from the opening end side 7 to the back side 8, and the ventilation amount gradually decreases from the opening end side 7 to the back side 8. ing.

【0009】このような構成において、予備トンネル部
4の開口端側7では空気抜き孔6の口径が大きくてその
通気量が比較的大きいため、列車9が高速でこの予備ト
ンネル部4に入るときには、この列車9に作用しようと
する空気10の大半が空気抜き孔6を介して予備トンネル
部4の外の大気中へ排出されるため、この列車9に衝撃
的に圧力が作用することが防止される。
In such a structure, since the diameter of the air vent hole 6 is large on the opening end side 7 of the spare tunnel portion 4 and the amount of ventilation is relatively large, when the train 9 enters the spare tunnel portion 4 at high speed, Most of the air 10 that is about to act on the train 9 is discharged into the atmosphere outside the preliminary tunnel portion 4 through the air vent hole 6, so that it is possible to prevent the train 9 from being impacted by pressure. .

【0010】そして、予備トンネル部4の開口端側7か
ら奥側8に向かうにつれて空気抜き孔8が徐々に大きな
口径から小さな口径となるように形成されて、この空気
抜き孔8の通気量が徐々に小さくなるようにされている
ため、列車9が予備トンネル部4の奥側8まで進行して
本トンネル3に入ろうとするまでの間に、この列車9に
作用する圧力は、この本トンネル3内での圧力に対応す
る程度まで徐々に上昇する。このように作用圧力が徐々
に上昇することで、列車9が本トンネル3に入るときに
も、大きな衝撃が発生することが防止される。
The air vent hole 8 is formed so that the diameter thereof gradually increases from the larger diameter to the smaller diameter from the opening end side 7 to the rear side 8 of the spare tunnel portion 4, and the ventilation amount of the air vent hole 8 gradually increases. Since the train 9 is made smaller, the pressure acting on the train 9 in the main tunnel 3 before the train 9 reaches the inner side 8 of the spare tunnel portion 4 and tries to enter the main tunnel 3. Gradually increase to a level corresponding to the pressure at. By gradually increasing the working pressure in this manner, a large impact is prevented even when the train 9 enters the main tunnel 3.

【0011】この衝撃防止効果は、図3に示すように列
車9が単線構造のトンネルに入るときに効果的に現れ、
また図2に示すように対向する列車9が複線構造のトン
ネルに同時に入るときに特に顕著に現れる。
This shock-preventing effect effectively appears when the train 9 enters a single-line tunnel as shown in FIG.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, it appears particularly conspicuously when the opposing trains 9 simultaneously enter a tunnel having a double-track structure.

【0012】なお、上述のように予備トンネル部4の開
口端側7から奥側8に向かうにつれて徐々に大きな口径
から小さな口径となるように空気抜き孔6を形成する代
わりに、同一口径の空気抜き孔の形成ピッチを徐々に大
きくすることによっても、予備トンネル部4の開口端側
7から奥側8に向かうにつれて徐々に通気量が小さくな
るように構成することができる。さらに、このように空
気抜き孔6の口径を変化させることと、その形成ピッチ
を変化させることとの双方を併用することによっても、
同様に通気量を調整することができる。
It should be noted that instead of forming the air vent hole 6 so that the diameter gradually increases from the opening end side 7 to the back side 8 of the auxiliary tunnel portion 4 as described above, the air vent hole of the same diameter is formed. By gradually increasing the formation pitch of, the amount of ventilation can be gradually reduced from the opening end side 7 of the auxiliary tunnel portion 4 toward the back side 8. Furthermore, by changing both the diameter of the air vent holes 6 and changing the formation pitch thereof in this way,
Similarly, the air flow rate can be adjusted.

【0013】なお、予備トンネル部4を山岳部2の土砂
の中に設置することも可能であり、その場合にはこの予
備トンネル部4を二重構造にするなどして、この予備ト
ンネル部4の外周を大気に開放して空気抜き孔6からの
空気を大気中に排出すればよい。
It is also possible to install the spare tunnel part 4 in the earth and sand of the mountainous part 2. In this case, the spare tunnel part 4 is made into a double structure so that the spare tunnel part 4 is provided. The outer periphery of the air vent may be opened to the atmosphere and the air from the air vent hole 6 may be discharged into the atmosphere.

【0014】図4および図5は、本発明の他の実施例を
示す。ここでは、予備トンネル部4は、その長さ方向に
沿って複数のフレーム15が所定間隔おきに形成された構
成となっている。隣り合うフレーム15どうしの間には、
予備トンネル部4の長さ方向の板材16がわたされてい
る。そして、この板材16が予備トンネル部4の周方向に
沿って複数配置され、この周方向に隣り合う板材16どう
しの間に隙間が形成されることによって、所要の空気抜
き孔6が形成されている。そして、隣り合うフレーム15
どうしの間において、予備トンネル部4の周方向に沿っ
た板材16どうしの間隔を調整することによって、空気抜
き孔6の大きさすなわち通気量が調整されている。
4 and 5 show another embodiment of the present invention. Here, the preliminary tunnel portion 4 has a configuration in which a plurality of frames 15 are formed at predetermined intervals along the length direction thereof. Between the adjacent frames 15,
The plate member 16 in the length direction of the spare tunnel portion 4 is passed over. A plurality of the plate members 16 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the preliminary tunnel portion 4, and a gap is formed between the plate members 16 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, whereby the required air vent holes 6 are formed. . And adjacent frames 15
By adjusting the interval between the plate members 16 along the circumferential direction of the preliminary tunnel portion 4 between them, the size of the air vent hole 6, that is, the air flow rate is adjusted.

【0015】つまり、この実施例においても、予備トン
ネル部4の開口端側7では板材16どうしの間隔を広げる
ことで、空気抜き孔6の大きさにもとづく通気量が大き
くなるように構成されている。かつ、予備トンネル部4
の開口端側7から奥側8に向かうにつれて板材16どうし
の間隔を徐々に小さくすることで、同様に空気抜き孔6
の大きさすなわち通気量が徐々に小さくなるように構成
されている。こうすることで、同様に大きな衝撃の発生
が防止される。
That is, also in this embodiment, the gap between the plate members 16 on the open end side 7 of the auxiliary tunnel portion 4 is widened so that the ventilation amount based on the size of the air vent hole 6 is increased. . And the spare tunnel part 4
Similarly, by gradually reducing the distance between the plate members 16 from the opening end side 7 toward the back side 8 of the air vent hole 6
Is gradually reduced, that is, the amount of ventilation is gradually reduced. By doing so, similarly large impacts are prevented from occurring.

【0016】[0016]

【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明によると、トン
ネルの入口に設けられて外周が大気に開放された予備ト
ンネル部に、この予備トンネル部の開口端側から奥側に
向かうにつれて徐々に通気量が小さくなる空気抜き孔を
形成したため、列車が高速で予備トンネル部に入るとき
には、この列車に作用しようとする空気の大半を空気抜
き孔を介して予備トンネル部の外へ排出することがで
き、このためこの列車に衝撃的に圧力が作用することを
確実に防止でき、しかも予備トンネル部の開口端側から
奥側に向かうにつれて徐々に空気抜き孔の通気量が小さ
くなるように形成されているため、列車が予備トンネル
部の奥側まで進行して本来のトンネルに入ろうとするま
での間に、この列車に作用する圧力をこの本来のトンネ
ル内での圧力に対応する程度まで徐々に上昇させること
ができ、このため列車が本来のトンネルに入るときにも
大きな衝撃が発生することを確実に防止できる。
As described above, according to the present invention, the auxiliary tunnel portion provided at the entrance of the tunnel and having the outer periphery opened to the atmosphere is gradually increased from the opening end side of the auxiliary tunnel portion toward the back side. Since the air vent hole that reduces the air flow rate is formed, when the train enters the spare tunnel part at high speed, most of the air that acts on this train can be discharged to the outside of the spare tunnel part through the air vent hole. For this reason, it is possible to reliably prevent the pressure from being impulsively applied to this train, and further, the ventilation amount of the air vent hole is gradually reduced from the opening end side of the spare tunnel section toward the back side. The pressure acting on this train corresponds to the pressure inside the original tunnel until the train travels deep inside the spare tunnel and tries to enter the original tunnel. It can be gradually increased to the extent that, Therefore train can be reliably prevented that a large shock occurs even when entering the original tunnel.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

【図1】本発明の一実施例のトンネル入口の衝撃緩和装
置の概略構成図である。
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a shock absorbing device at a tunnel entrance according to an embodiment of the present invention.

【図2】同装置を複線構造のトンネルに適用したときの
横断面図である。
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view when the device is applied to a tunnel having a double track structure.

【図3】同装置を単線構造のトンネルに適用したときの
横断面図である。
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view when the device is applied to a tunnel having a single wire structure.

【図4】本発明の他の実施例のトンネル入口の衝撃緩和
装置の概略構成図である。
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an impact absorbing device at a tunnel entrance according to another embodiment of the present invention.

【図5】図4の装置の横断面図である。5 is a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

3 本トンネル 4 予備トンネル部 5 入口 6 空気抜き孔 7 開口端側 8 奥側 3 tunnels 4 spare tunnel part 5 inlet 6 air vent hole 7 open end side 8 back side

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 トンネルの入口に、外周が大気に開放さ
れた予備トンネル部を設け、この予備トンネル部に、こ
の予備トンネル部の開口端側から奥側に向かうにつれて
徐々に通気量が小さくなる空気抜き孔を形成したことを
特徴とするトンネル入口の衝撃緩和装置。
1. A preliminary tunnel portion having an outer periphery open to the atmosphere is provided at an entrance of the tunnel, and the ventilation amount is gradually reduced from the opening end side of the preliminary tunnel portion toward the rear side. An impact mitigation device at a tunnel entrance, characterized by having an air vent hole.
JP27960794A 1994-11-15 1994-11-15 Impact relaxation device of tunnel entrance Pending JPH08135381A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27960794A JPH08135381A (en) 1994-11-15 1994-11-15 Impact relaxation device of tunnel entrance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP27960794A JPH08135381A (en) 1994-11-15 1994-11-15 Impact relaxation device of tunnel entrance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH08135381A true JPH08135381A (en) 1996-05-28

Family

ID=17613348

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP27960794A Pending JPH08135381A (en) 1994-11-15 1994-11-15 Impact relaxation device of tunnel entrance

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH08135381A (en)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100331955B1 (en) * 1999-11-18 2002-04-09 안우희 Hood by train tunnel
KR100355946B1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2002-10-12 주식회사 제일엔지니어링 Construction method for open cutting tunnel
WO2003080997A1 (en) * 2002-03-26 2003-10-02 Central Japan Railway Company Buffer plate
CN103016025A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Buffer structure of double-track tunnel portal of high-speed rail
CN103016024A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Buffer structure of single-track tunnel portal of high-speed rail
CN103032079A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-10 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Constant annular width bevel type tunnel opening buffer structure
CN103470269A (en) * 2013-10-17 2013-12-25 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 Break joint-type efficient buffer structure of high-speed railway tunnel portal
CN104895579A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-09-09 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 Energy-saving underground road structure
JP2016132928A (en) * 2015-01-20 2016-07-25 東海旅客鉄道株式会社 Buffer construction
JP2020041289A (en) * 2018-09-07 2020-03-19 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 Opening adjusting device and opening adjusting method for tunnel buffer
JP2021059867A (en) * 2019-10-04 2021-04-15 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 Optimum opening setting method for tunnel buffer construction and optimum opening setting device thereof
CN114165253A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-03-11 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 Double-layer gradually-changed hole buffer structure for tunnel portal of ultrahigh-speed railway

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS521932A (en) * 1975-06-23 1977-01-08 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Preventive device of impulse sound of tunnel

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS521932A (en) * 1975-06-23 1977-01-08 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Preventive device of impulse sound of tunnel

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100331955B1 (en) * 1999-11-18 2002-04-09 안우희 Hood by train tunnel
KR100355946B1 (en) * 1999-12-24 2002-10-12 주식회사 제일엔지니어링 Construction method for open cutting tunnel
WO2003080997A1 (en) * 2002-03-26 2003-10-02 Central Japan Railway Company Buffer plate
CN103016025A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Buffer structure of double-track tunnel portal of high-speed rail
CN103016024A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-03 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Buffer structure of single-track tunnel portal of high-speed rail
CN103032079A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-10 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 Constant annular width bevel type tunnel opening buffer structure
CN103470269A (en) * 2013-10-17 2013-12-25 铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司 Break joint-type efficient buffer structure of high-speed railway tunnel portal
JP2016132928A (en) * 2015-01-20 2016-07-25 東海旅客鉄道株式会社 Buffer construction
CN104895579A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-09-09 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 Energy-saving underground road structure
JP2020041289A (en) * 2018-09-07 2020-03-19 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 Opening adjusting device and opening adjusting method for tunnel buffer
JP2021059867A (en) * 2019-10-04 2021-04-15 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 Optimum opening setting method for tunnel buffer construction and optimum opening setting device thereof
CN114165253A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-03-11 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 Double-layer gradually-changed hole buffer structure for tunnel portal of ultrahigh-speed railway

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