JPH08129389A - Adjusting structure for room sound - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To absorb undesirable sounds of specific frequencies generated in a corner part and to improve an acoustic effect at all times regardless of environmental fluctuation by providing an adjusting structure with a sound absorbing material consisting of an ENC fluid compsn. which is changeable in characteristic vibration frequencies by an impressed voltage. CONSTITUTION: This sound absorbing device 60 is composed of the sound absorbing material 61 having an ENC fluid compsn. (electrosensitive type sound wave absorption controlling fluid compsn.) by uniformly dispersing EA particles (electric field arrangement type particles) which are solid particles into an electrically insulatable medium and a variable power source connected to these sound absorbing material 61. The sound absorbing material 61 is arranged over the entire length of the corner part 46 formed out of a rear wall 44 and a ceiling 45. On the other hand, the variable power source impresses a voltage of the ENC fluid compsn. constituting the sound absorbing material 61 and is capable of regulating the impressed voltage by turning a knob. The sounds of the frequencies corresponding to the value of the impressed voltage are decreased and the reverberations in the room are regulated to be in an adequate state when the voltage of a prescribed value is impressed from the variable power source.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a room acoustic adjustment structure suitable for enhancing a sound effect in a listening room, a music hall or the like mainly for listening to music.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a room such as a listening room,
By arranging the sound absorbing material in the corners, which are the inner corners formed by the ceiling and the walls, it is possible to adjust the acoustic pattern including the reverberation time in the room to flatten the frequency characteristics and enhance the acoustic effect. , For example, JP-A-63-113322
It is shown in the publication. This publication discloses a technique for enhancing the acoustic effect in a room by a device that obliquely arranges a sound absorbing material in a corner portion and appropriately absorbs a sound wave of a specific frequency that causes reverberation in the corner portion.

[0003]

By the way, a sound wave of a specific frequency that causes reverberation generated in a room fluctuates according to the difference in acoustic characteristics such as the length of reverberation time. Therefore, according to the above device, it is necessary to change the characteristics of the sound absorbing material for each room having different acoustic characteristics, and it is necessary to prepare many kinds of sound absorbing materials having different characteristics.
As a result, the manufacturing cost is increased. Further, the specific frequency varies depending on climatic conditions such as room temperature and humidity and environmental conditions such as the number of people. When the specific frequency fluctuates in this way, the sound absorbing material of the above device determines the specific frequency to be absorbed, that is, the sound absorbing frequency, so that the changed specific frequency sound cannot be reduced (sound absorption). .

By the way, the inventors of the present invention have developed a fluid composition for electro-sensitive sound wave absorption control (hereinafter referred to as "Electric Noise-Control") having a novel electric field arrangement characteristic (hereinafter referred to as "EA characteristic") which has not been known. The fluid composition is abbreviated as “ENC fluid composition”). This ENC fluid composition is, for example,
It is a fluid obtained by dispersing solid particles in an electrically insulating medium.When an electric field is applied to this, the solid particles cause dielectric polarization, and the electrostatic attraction due to the dielectric polarization causes the solid particles to coordinate with each other in the electric field direction. Have the property of arranging and aligning to form a chain structure. In addition, some solid particles exhibit the property of exhibiting an array lump structure by electrophoresis and array alignment. In this way, the alignment orientation of the particles under the electric field is changed by the electric field alignment effect (hereinafter, referred to as Electric Alignment).
The nt effect is abbreviated as “EA effect”), and solid particles having such a property are referred to as electric field array particles (hereinafter,
The electric field arranging particles are abbreviated as “EA particles”). And the present inventors have found that the E of this novel structure is
The invention has been reached by advancing research into NC fluid compositions.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an acoustic effect is improved by a sound absorbing material having an EA effect and having an ENC fluid composition whose characteristic frequency can be changed by an applied voltage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a room acoustic adjustment structure in which

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the room acoustic adjustment structure of claim 1, a plate is provided in a corner portion formed in a ceiling and a wall or a wall and a wall in a room. In a room acoustic adjustment structure in which sound absorbing materials are obliquely arranged, the sound absorbing material is an electro-sensitive sound absorption control fluid in which solid particles having an electric field array effect are contained in an electrically insulating medium. A voltage applying means for applying a voltage to the sound-absorbing material and for adjusting the applied voltage is connected to the sound-absorbing material, which is formed by containing the composition. It is characterized by being. A room acoustics adjusting structure according to claim 2 is the room acoustics adjusting structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the sound absorbing materials are arranged in the oblique direction, and the voltage applying means is connected to each of the sound absorbing materials. It is characterized by The room acoustics adjusting structure according to claim 3 is the room acoustics adjusting structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the sound absorbing materials are arranged in a direction in which the corner portion extends, and the voltage applying means is applied to the sound absorbing materials. It is characterized by connecting each. The room acoustic adjustment structure according to claim 4 is the structure according to claim 1.
In the room acoustic adjustment structure described above, a plurality of the sound absorbing materials are arranged in a grid in the oblique direction and the extending direction of the corner portion, and the voltage applying means is connected to each of the sound absorbing materials. Is characterized by.

[0007]

According to the room acoustic adjustment structure of claim 1,
The sound absorbing material arranged in the corner portion reduces the sound of the specific frequency generated in the corner portion and adjusts the reverberation. Here, for example, when the frequency of the sound of a specific frequency generated in the room fluctuates due to environmental conditions such as room temperature, humidity, and the number of people in the room, a predetermined amount is applied to the ENC fluid composition forming the sound absorbing material from the voltage applying means. Apply voltage of value. By doing so, the sound absorbing frequency of the sound absorbing material changes, and the sound of the specific frequency that has changed due to environmental conditions is reduced.

That is, the sound absorbing material has an EA effect in the ENC fluid composition when no voltage is applied.
The A particles are randomly suspended and dispersed in the electrically insulating medium. When a voltage is applied to the pair of electrode plates by the voltage applying means, the EA particles are arranged and linked in a chain shape to form a chain (particle chain).
Are formed, and the chains are arranged parallel to the electric field direction.
When a sound wave (air vibration) is applied to one of the electrode plates in this state, the electrode plate vibrates in the opposite direction, but the chain body itself has elasticity, so the chain body is stretched. When the particles are opposed to each other, they attract each other to generate an attractive force, and when they are compressed, they bend to generate a repulsive force, which causes a viscous resistance due to the movement of the chain in the electrically insulating medium, which causes a sound wave. Loss of energy (dissipation) occurs.

That is, the ENC fluid composition containing the chain resonates with the electrode plate due to the sound wave incident on the electrode plate. The sound wave frequency that gives vibration to such a chain is determined by the characteristic frequency of the chain (which is presumed to be the so-called natural frequency, which is the balance between the elasticity of the chain and the inertia of the electrode plate). When a sound wave having a frequency matching the characteristic frequency is incident on the electrode plate, the chain resonates and absorbs the sound wave, and sound waves of other frequencies are reflected. The attractive force acting on each particle (stress generated in the chain) increases as the voltage applied to the pair of electrode plates increases, so the elastic modulus and viscosity of the chain itself increase with the applied voltage. Therefore, the present invention utilizes this fact. In other words, by adjusting the applied voltage so that the characteristic frequency of the chain itself matches the frequency of the component of the incident sound wave (air vibration) that you want to remove, the chain resonates and absorbs sound. It consumes the energy of the component to be (removed) and reflects the other components.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of measuring the effect of the electric field strength on the EA characteristics for a 30 wt% EA particle dispersion system. It is clear from this graph that the stress acting on the chain increases as the applied voltage increases. EA
The characteristic is that the dielectrically polarized particles are arranged in the direction of the electric field by an electric attraction to form a chain structure. At low shear rates, electrical attraction dominates, resulting in a gradual cycle of breaking and reforming chain structures. The yield stress is the force that is generated when a chain arranged in the direction of the electric field undergoes shear failure in the direction perpendicular to it. Considering that the particles of all chains formed have the same diameter and connect the electrode plates in a straight line, the number of chains is proportional to the particle concentration.
The yield stress will also be proportional to the particle concentration. FIG. 11 shows an equivalent circuit of the vibration system, that is, a coil spring 22 having an elastic modulus K and a dashpot 23 having a viscosity C are connected in parallel between a pair of electrode plates.

According to the room acoustics adjusting structure of the second aspect, even if the specific frequency slightly changes in the oblique direction of the corner portion, the voltage to each sound absorbing material is changed in accordance with the slight variation, so that the corner portion is changed. By adjusting the sound absorption frequency in the oblique direction, the reverberation at the corner can be set to a more appropriate state. According to the room acoustics adjusting structure of claim 3, even if the specific frequency is slightly changed in the extending direction of the corner portion, the voltage of each sound absorbing material is changed in accordance with the slight variation, thereby extending the corner portion. The reverberation at the corner can be set to a more appropriate state by adjusting the sound absorption frequency in the direction. According to the room acoustic adjustment structure of claim 4, even if the specific frequency slightly changes in the oblique direction and the extending direction of the corner portion, the corners are changed by changing the voltage to each sound absorbing material accordingly. The reverberation at the corner can be set to a more appropriate state by adjusting the bidirectional sound absorption frequencies in the oblique direction and the extending direction of the section.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the sound absorbing device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a room 40, such as a listening room, to which the room acoustic adjustment structure of the present embodiment is applied.
It is installed on top of. Stereo system 50 is indoors 4
It is installed on one side wall of 0, and the listener sits on the chair 52 toward the stereo system 50 and listens to music.
The room 40 is formed by being surrounded by a floor 41, a front wall 42 facing the stereo system 50, left and right (only the right side in FIG. 1) side walls 43, a rear wall 44, and a ceiling 45. Then, the sound absorbing device 60 according to the present invention is provided at the right-angled corner portion 46 formed by the rear wall 44 and the ceiling 45. This sound absorbing device 60, as shown in FIG.
A plate-shaped sound absorbing material 61 having a fluid composition, and the sound absorbing material 6
1 and a variable power source (voltage applying means) 13 connected to 1. The sound absorbing material 61 includes the rear wall 44 and the ceiling 4.
5, the corner portions 46 formed by the rear wall 44 and the ceiling 45 are diagonally arranged, that is, between the left and right side walls 43. The oblique angle of the sound absorbing material 61 is set to about 30 degrees with respect to the ceiling 45, for example.

The variable power source 13 has a sound absorbing material 61.
The applied voltage is adjusted by applying a voltage to the ENC fluid composition constituting the above and rotating a knob (not shown). That is, according to the sound absorbing device 60 having the above-described configuration, the sound from the stereo system 50 is transmitted by the variable power source 1
When the voltage is not applied from 3, the corner portion 46
Although the sound of the sound absorption frequency that matches the natural frequency of itself is reduced, when the voltage of the predetermined value is applied from the variable power source 13, the sound of the frequency corresponding to the value of the applied voltage is reduced. Is performed so that the reverberation can be adjusted to an appropriate state.

Next, the ENC fluid composition constituting the sound absorbing material 61 will be described. One example of an ENC fluid composition is shown in FIG. In this ENC fluid composition, EA particles 2 which are solid particles are uniformly dispersed in an electrically insulating medium 1. The EA particles 2 are composed of a core body 3 made of an organic polymer compound and a surface layer 5 made of particles 4 which are electric field aligning inorganic substances (hereinafter referred to as “EA inorganic substances”). Is forming. In this specific example, the electrically insulating medium 1 is colorless and transparent silicone oil, the organic polymer compound forming the core body 3 of the inorganic / organic composite particles is polyacrylic ester, and the EA inorganic substance forming the surface layer 5 is used. The particles 4 are white titanium hydroxide that is an inorganic ion exchanger and an electric semiconductor inorganic substance. The color of the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) is, for example, white. The ratio of the EA particles 2 contained in the electrically insulating medium 1 is, for example, 7.5.
% By weight.

As shown in FIG. 7, this ENC fluid composition is interposed between a pair of electrode plates 7 and 8 which are spaced apart and arranged in parallel. As shown in FIG. 8, this pair of electrode plates 7,
When a voltage is applied to the power source 8 from the power source 9 through the switch 10, the EA particles 2 are arranged in a chain in a direction perpendicular to the surfaces of the electrode plates 7 and 8 due to the EA effect to form a chain body (particle chain) 6. Form. At this time, the chain-like bodies 6 are separated from each other and oriented in parallel.

Next, a sound wave absorption control device (sound control device) using the above ENC fluid composition will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, a pair of electrode plates 17 and 18 are opposed to each other with a gap (composition containing space) therebetween, and the EA effect of the present invention described above is provided between the pair of electrode plates 17 and 18. An ENC fluid composition containing the EA particles 2 contained therein in an electrically insulating medium 1 is contained. One (lower)
The electrode plate 18 is fixedly arranged on a fixing member (not shown), and the other electrode plate 17 is uniformly adhered to the lower surface of the film 17a. A frame-shaped seal member 1 is provided on the periphery of the pair of electrode plates 17 and 18 and the periphery of the film 17a.
5 is fixed. In addition, as the film 17a,
For example, various plastic films such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film, PVC (vinyl chloride) film, nylon film, polyethylene film, polypropylene film, acrylic film and the like which are flexible against sound waves are used.

The ENC fluid composition of the present invention is housed in the space defined by the pair of electrode plates 17 and 18 and the seal member 15 in a sealed state. The one electrode plate 17 and the film 17a are fixed at their peripheral edges, but are configured so that they can be vibrated in the facing direction of the pair of electrode plates 17 and 18 (the vertical direction indicated by the arrow X). Thereby, the sound wave (air vibration) 11 is transmitted to the film 17
When incident on a, the film 17a and one electrode plate 17 can vibrate vertically.

Reference numeral 13 is a power source (voltage applying means) for applying a voltage between the pair of electrode plates 17 and 18 and adjusting the applied voltage. A switch 14 is connected in series to the power source 13. . By turning on the switch 14, a voltage can be applied between the pair of electrode plates 17 and 18. The sound wave absorption control device is usually in the form of a rectangular plate or a circular plate in appearance, but of course, it has an appropriate shape according to the place where it is installed.

Next, the operation of the sound wave absorption control device having the above configuration will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, a pair of electrode plates 1
When no voltage is applied between 7 and 18, ENC
The EA particles 2 of the fluid composition are randomly suspended and dispersed in the electrically insulating medium 1 (see FIG. 7). A pair of electrode plates 1
When a voltage is applied to 7, 18, E in the ENC fluid composition
The A particles 2 are arranged and linked in a chain to form a chain (particle chain) 6, and the chain 6 is arranged parallel to the electric field direction (see FIG. 8).

In this state, when a sound wave (air vibration) 11 is made incident on one of the electrode plates 17, (a), (b) of FIG.
The states of (c) and (d) occur sequentially, and the electrode plate 17 is moved together with the film 17a by the arrow X (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
As shown in FIG. 9B, the chain body 6 vibrates in the opposite direction, but since the chain body 6 itself has elasticity, the chain body 6 is compressed when it is compressed, as shown in FIG. 9B. For example, it bends in a V shape to generate a repulsive force, and as shown in FIG. 9D, when the chain body 6 is pulled, the EA particles 2 facing each other attract each other to generate an attractive force. Occurs. As a result, the movement of the chain 6 in the ENC fluid composition causes
Viscous resistance occurs, and the energy of the sound wave 11 is lost (dissipated).

As the electrode plate 17 vibrates,
The chain 6 is repeatedly pulled and compressed,
As a result, the chain body 6 itself also vibrates. That is, the sound wave 11 incident on the electrode plate 17 resonates with the ENC fluid composition containing the chain 6 and the electrode plate structure composed of the electrode plate 17 and the film 17a. The sound wave frequency that gives vibration to the chain 6 is determined by the characteristic frequency of the chain 6, and when a sound wave 11 having a frequency matching the characteristic frequency enters the electrode plate 17, the chain 1
7 resonates (see arrows A and B in FIG. 5) to absorb the sound wave, and the sound wave 12 of another frequency is reflected.

Since the force acting between the EA particles 2 (stress generated in the chain 6) increases with an increase in the voltage applied to the pair of electrode plates 17 and 18, the elasticity of the chain 6 itself. The modulus and viscosity increase with increasing applied voltage. The present invention utilizes this fact to remove a desired component of a sound wave. That is, by adjusting the applied voltage,
By matching the characteristic frequency of the particle chains 6 with the frequency of the component (sound wave having a specific wavelength) to be removed in the sound wave (air vibration) incident on the electrode plate 17, as shown in FIG. The body 6 is caused to resonate by the action of the inertial force as indicated by the left and right arrows A and B, and the energy of the component of the incident sound wave 11 to be removed is consumed, while the other sound wave components (reference numeral 1) are consumed.
2) is reflected. In this way, the applied voltage can absorb the component of the desired specific wavelength of the incident sound wave.

The characteristic frequency of the sound wave absorption control device changes depending on the size of the EA particles (solid particles), the elastic force acting between the EA particles, the natural frequency of the electrode plates and the distance between the electrode plates. In this example, since spherical EA particles having a substantially uniform particle size were dispersed in the electrically insulating medium (without using irregular particles), the above-mentioned repulsive force and attractive force were not generated under a constant voltage. It does not fluctuate, and furthermore, the balance between the elastic force acting between the EA particles and the inertial force of the electrode plate does not fluctuate easily.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, the chain-like member is supposed to be bent in a V shape, but in addition to this, for example, FIG.
It is considered that there is a case where it is bent into an S-shape as shown in FIG. 4 or a W-shape as shown in FIG.

In the above embodiment, the phenomenon in which the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 2 form a row of chain-like bodies 6 and are arranged in parallel by the application of an electric field has been described. When the number of slabs exceeds several% by weight, 1
Instead of the chain bodies 6 in rows, the chain bodies 6 are joined to each other in a plurality of rows to form and arrange the columns 19 as shown in FIG. In this column 19, the left and right chain-shaped EA particles 2 are staggered by one and adjoin each other. With respect to this, the inventors of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 13B, have the EA particles 2 that are dielectrically polarized in the + pole portion and the − pole portion.
It is presumed that this is because it is more stable in terms of energy when the positive pole portion and the negative pole portion are alternately arranged adjacent to each other. Furthermore, although the ENC fluid composition is directly accommodated between the pair of electrode plates in the above-described embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the porous body sufficiently impregnated with the ENC fluid composition is used as the pair of electrodes. It may be housed between the plates. In this case, the porous body preferably has open cells so as not to impair the EA effect.

The electrically insulating medium 1 used in the ENC fluid composition of the present invention includes, for example, diphenyl chloride, butyl sebacate, aromatic polycarboxylic acid higher alcohol ester, halophenyl alkyl ether, trans oil,
Paraffin chloride, fluorinated oil, silicone oil, fluorosilicone oil, etc. have high electrical insulation and electrical breakdown strength, and are chemically stable and EA
Any fluid or a mixture thereof can be used as long as it can stably disperse the particles. This electrically insulating medium 1 can be colored according to the purpose. For coloring, it is preferable to use a type and amount of an oil-soluble dye or a dispersible dye that is soluble in the selected electrically insulating medium and does not impair its electrical properties. Electrically insulating medium 1
In addition to these, a dispersant, a surfactant, a viscosity modifier, an antioxidant, a stabilizer and the like may be contained.

The kinematic viscosity of this electrically insulating medium 1 is 1 cS.
It is preferably in the range of t to 30,000 cSt. When the kinematic viscosity is less than 1 cSt, the storage stability of the ENC fluid composition is insufficient, and the kinematic viscosity is 30,000 c.
If it is larger than St, it becomes difficult to uniformly disperse the EA particles, and it becomes difficult for the bubbles to be caught during the adjustment, and the bubbles will not come out easily, which is not preferable. From this viewpoint, the kinematic viscosity is preferably in the range of 10 cSt to 1000 cSt, particularly preferably in the range of 10 cSt to 100 cSt. Of course, the kinematic viscosity of the electrically insulating medium 1 changes with temperature, and this temperature effect can be suppressed by the applied voltage.

The EA particle 2 used in the present invention is an inorganic / organic composite particle having an EA effect, such as an element, an organic compound, an inorganic compound, or a mixture thereof.
Either material can be used. Examples thereof include particles of inorganic ion exchangers, metal oxides, silica gel, inorganic substances having electric semiconductors, carbon black, and particles having these as a surface layer. However, this EA particle 2 is, as shown in the above example,
Inorganic / organic composite particles formed of a core 3 made of an organic polymer compound and a surface layer 5 made of EA inorganic particles 4 are particularly preferable. In this inorganic-organic composite particle, a core body 3 in which a surface layer 5 made of EA inorganic particles 4 having a relatively high specific gravity is an organic polymer compound having a relatively low specific gravity
The specific gravity of the particles as a whole can be adjusted so as to approximate to the electrically insulating medium 1. Therefore, the ENC fluid composition obtained by dispersing this in the electrically insulating medium 1 has excellent storage stability.

Examples of the organic polymer compound that can be used as the core 3 of the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 2 include poly (meth) acrylic acid ester, (meth) acrylic acid ester-styrene copolymer, Polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, AB
S resin, nylon, polyvinyl butyrate, ionomer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate resin,
One or a mixture of two or more such as a polycarbonate resin or a copolymer may be mentioned.

Particles 4 which are the EA inorganic substance forming the surface layer 5
Although various compounds can be used, preferred examples include inorganic ion exchangers, silica gel, and electrically semiconducting inorganic substances. When these particles 4 are used to form the surface layer 5 on the core 3 made of an organic polymer compound, the obtained inorganic / organic composite particles become useful EA particles 2.

Examples of the above inorganic ion exchanger include (1)
Hydroxide of polyvalent metal, (2) hydrotalcites,
(3) Acid salt of polyvalent metal, (4) Hydroxyapatite, (5) Nasicon type compound, (6) Clay mineral, (7)
Mention may be made of potassium titanates, (8) heteropolyacid salts, and (9) insoluble ferrocyanide.

The respective inorganic ion exchangers will be described in detail below. (1) Hydroxide of polyvalent metal. These compounds are represented by the general formula MOx (OH) y (M is a polyvalent metal, x is a number of 0 or more, and y is a positive number), and examples thereof include titanium hydroxide and zirconium hydroxide. ,
Examples include bismuth hydroxide, tin hydroxide, lead hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, tantalum hydroxide, niobium hydroxide, molybdenum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, manganese hydroxide, and iron hydroxide. Here, for example, titanium hydroxide refers to hydrous titanium oxide (also known as metatitanic acid or β-titanic acid, Ti
It contains both O (OH) ₂ ) and titanium hydroxide (also known as orthotitanic acid or α-titanic acid, Ti (OH) ₄ ), and the same applies to other compounds.

(2) Hydrotalcites. These compounds have the general formula M ₁₃ Al ₆ (OH) ₄₃ (C
O) ₃ · 12H ₂ O (M is a divalent metal),
For example, the divalent metal M is Mg, Ca or Ni. (3) Acid salt of polyvalent metal. These are, for example, titanium phosphate, zirconium phosphate, tin phosphate, cerium phosphate, chromium phosphate, zirconium arsenate, titanium arsenate, tin arsenate, cerium arsenate, titanium antimonate, tin antimonate, tantalum antimonate. , Niobium antimonate, zirconium tungstate, titanium vanadate, zirconium molybdate, titanium selenate, and tin molybdate.

(4) Hydroxyapatite. These are, for example, calcium apatite, lead apatite,
Examples include strontium apatite and cadmium apatite. (5) Nasicon type compound. These include, for example, (H ₃ O) Zr ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₃ but in the present invention, a Nasicon type compound in which H ₃ O is replaced with Na can also be used. (6) Clay mineral. These are, for example, montmorillonite, sepiolite, bentonite and the like, with sepiolite being particularly preferred.

(7) Potassium titanates. These general formula _{aK 2 O · bTiO 2 · nH} 2 O (a 0
<A is a positive number that satisfies a ≦ 1, b is a positive number that satisfies 1 ≦ b ≦ 6, and n is a positive number), for example, K ₂ ·
TiO ₂ · 2H ₂ O, K ₂ O · 2TiO ₂ · 2H ₂ O, 0.
5K ₂ O ・ TiO ₂・ 2H ₂ O, and K ₂ O ・ 2.5TiO
₂ · 2H ₂ O, and the like. In addition, among the above compounds, a compound in which a or b is not an integer is easily synthesized by subjecting a compound in which a or b is an appropriate integer to an acid treatment and replacing K with H.

(8) Heteropolyacid salt. These are represented by the general formula H ₃ AE ₁₂ O ₄₀ .nH ₂ O (A is phosphorus, arsenic, germanium, or silicon, E is molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadium, and n is a positive number), For example, ammonium molybdophosphate and ammonium tungstophosphate. (9) Insoluble ferrocyanide. These are compounds represented by the following general formula. Mb-pxa
A [E (CN) ₆ ] (M is an alkali metal or hydrogen ion, A is a heavy metal ion such as zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese, cadmium, iron (III) or titanium, E is iron (II), iron (III), cobalt (II) or the like, b is 4 or 3, a is a valence of A, and p is a positive number of 0 to b / a.) These include, for example, Cs. Insoluble ferrocyanine compounds such as ₂ Zn [Fe (CN) ₆ ] and K ₂ Co [Fe (CN) ₆ ] are included.

The inorganic ion exchangers (1) to (6) each have an OH group, and some or all of the ions present at the ion exchange sites of these inorganic ion exchangers are different ions. Those substituted with (hereinafter, referred to as a substitutional inorganic ion exchanger) are also included in the inorganic ion exchanger of the present invention. That, R-M ¹ inorganic ion exchanger described above (M ¹ represents an ion species of the ion exchange sites) is expressed as a part or all of M ¹ in the R-M ^1, the ion exchange reaction below A substituted inorganic ion exchanger in which an ionic species M ² different from M ¹ is substituted by
It is an inorganic ion exchanger in the present invention. xR−M ¹ + yM ² → Rx− (M ² ) y + xM ¹ (where x and y represent the valences of the ion species M ² and M ¹ , respectively). M ¹ varies depending on the type of the inorganic ion exchanger having an OH group, but when the inorganic ion exchanger exhibits a cation exchange property, M ¹ is generally H ⁺ , and in this case, M ² is an alkali metal or an alkali. Any metal ion other than H ⁺ , such as earth metals, polyvalent typical metals, transition metals or rare earth metals. When the inorganic ion exchanger having an OH group exhibits anion exchange property, M ¹ is generally OH ^−.
Where M ² is, for example, I, Cl, SCN, N
Any of anions other than OH ⁻ such as O ₂ , Br, F, CH ₃ COO, SO ₄ or CrO ₄ and complex ions.

Further, regarding the inorganic ion exchanger which has once lost the OH group due to the high temperature heat treatment but becomes to have the OH group again by an operation such as immersion in water, the inorganic ion after the high temperature heat treatment is used. Exchangers and the like are also a kind of inorganic ion exchangers that can be used in the present invention, and specific examples thereof include a Nasicon type compound such as (H ₃ O) Zr ₂
(PO ₄₎ HZr ₂ obtained by heating ₃ (PO _{4) 3} and high-temperature heat treatment of hydrotalcite (500 to 70
Heat treated at 0 ° C.) and the like. These inorganic ion exchangers can be used not only in one kind but also in many kinds simultaneously as a surface layer. It is particularly preferable to use a hydroxide of a polyvalent metal and an acid salt of a polyvalent metal as the above-mentioned inorganic ion exchanger.

An example of an electrically semiconductive inorganic material that can be used as the surface layer 5 of the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 2 is a metal having an electric conductivity of 10 ³ to 10 ^-11 Ω ^-1 / cm at room temperature. Oxides, metal hydroxides, metal oxide hydroxides, inorganic ion exchangers, or metal-doped at least one of these, or at least any one of these regardless of the presence or absence of metal doping For example, those applied as an electric semiconductor layer on another support.

Examples of preferable electrically semiconductive inorganic substances are shown below. (A) Metal oxide: For example, SnO ₂ or amorphous titanium dioxide (manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.). (B) Metal hydroxide: For example, titanium hydroxide or niobium hydroxide. Here, titanium hydroxide means hydrous titanium oxide (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.), metatitanic acid (also known as β-titanic acid,
TiO (OH) ₂ ) and orthotitanic acid (also known as α-titanic acid, Ti (OH) ₄ ) are included. (C) Metal oxide hydroxide: For example, FeO
(OH) (goethite) and the like can be mentioned. (D) Hydroxide of polyvalent metal: equivalent to inorganic ion exchanger (1). (E) Hydrotalcites: Inorganic ion exchanger (2)
Equivalent to (F) Acid salt of polyvalent metal: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (3). (G) Hydroxyapatite: Inorganic ion exchanger (4)
Equivalent to (H) Nashicon type compound: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (5). (I) Clay mineral: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (6). (J) Potassium titanate: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (7). (K) Heteropolyacid salt: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (8). (L) Insoluble ferrocyanide: equivalent to inorganic ion exchanger (9). (M) Metal-Doped Electric Field Alignment Inorganic Material: This is an ER inorganic material doped with a metal such as antimony (Sb) in order to increase the electric conductivity of the above-mentioned electric semiconductor inorganic materials (A) to (L). As an example, antimony (Sb) -doped tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) and the like can be mentioned. (N) EA inorganic material applied as an electric semiconductor layer on another support: for example, titanium oxide, silica as a support,
Examples thereof include inorganic particles such as alumina and silica-alumina, or organic polymer particles such as polyethylene and polypropylene, to which antimony (Sb) -doped tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) is applied as an electric semiconductor layer. . The particles in which the EA inorganic substance is applied to the other support as described above can be regarded as the EA inorganic substance as a whole. These EA minerals are not only one type, but two
It is also possible to use types or more simultaneously as the surface layer.

The EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 2 can be manufactured by various methods. For example, there is a method in which a particulate core body 3 made of an organic polymer compound and fine particulate particles 4 are transported by a jet stream and collided with each other to produce them. In this case, the fine particles of the particles 4 collide with the surface of the particulate core 3 at a high speed and are fixed to form the surface layer 5. Another example of the manufacturing method is a method in which the particulate core body 3 is suspended in a gas, and a solution of the particles 4 is atomized and sprayed on the surface. In this case, the surface layer 5 is formed by adhering the solution onto the surface of the core 3 and drying it.

A particularly preferred method for producing the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 2 is to form the surface layer 5 at the same time as the core body 3. In this method, for example, when emulsion-polymerizing, suspension-polymerizing, or dispersion-polymerizing a monomer of an organic polymer compound that forms the core body 3 in a polymerization medium, particles 4 which are fine particle EA inorganic substances in the above-mentioned monomer, Alternatively, it is present in the polymerization medium. Water is preferred as the polymerization medium, but a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent can also be used, and an organic poor solvent can also be used. According to this method, the monomers are polymerized in the polymerization medium to form the core particles 3, and at the same time, the fine particle EA inorganic particles 4 are layered on the surface of the core 3 to cover the core particles 3. The surface layer 5 is formed.

In the case of producing EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) by emulsion polymerization or suspension polymerization, the EA inorganic particles 4 are combined by combining the hydrophobic property of the monomer and the hydrophilic property of the EA inorganic substance. Can be attached to the surface of the core body 3. According to the method of simultaneously forming the core body 3 and the surface layer 5, the EA inorganic particles 4 are densely and firmly adhered to the surface of the core body 3 made of an organic polymer compound, and the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite) Particles 2) are formed.

The shape of the EA particles 2 used in the present invention does not necessarily have to be spherical, but when the particulate core 3 is produced by the controlled emulsion / suspension polymerization method, the EA obtained is obtained. The shape of the particles 2 is almost spherical. EA
The particle size of the particles 2 is not particularly limited, but is 0.1
The thickness is preferably in the range of μm to 500 μm, particularly 5 μm to 200 μm. Fine particle EA at this time
The particle size of the inorganic particles 4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.005 μm to 100 μm, and more preferably 0.01 μm to 10 μm.

In the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 2, the particles 4 and the core 3 which are the EA inorganic substance forming the surface layer 5 are formed.
The weight ratio of the organic polymer compound forming the is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain an ENC fluid composition having high storage stability, the EA inorganic particles 4 and the organic polymer compound core 3 are used. 1% by weight of particles 4 to 6% of the total weight
It is preferably in the range of 0% by weight, particularly preferably in the range of 4% by weight to 30% by weight. If the proportion of the core 3 is less than 1% by weight, the EA characteristics of the obtained EA particles 2 will be insufficient, and if it exceeds 60% by weight, the specific gravity of the EA2 particles will be excessive and the storage stability may be impaired. There is. Further, the ENC fluid composition of the present invention can be produced by uniformly stirring and mixing the above-mentioned EA particles 2 together with a dispersant and other components in an electrically insulating medium. As the stirrer, any stirrer normally used for dispersing solid particles in a liquid dispersion medium can be used. In an electrically insulating medium 1
The content of the EA particles 2 in is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 75% by weight, and particularly preferably 5 to 50% by weight. If the content is less than 1%, a sufficient EA effect cannot be obtained, and if the content is 75% or more, the initial viscosity of the ENC fluid composition when a voltage is not applied becomes too large, which makes it difficult to use.

The EA particles 2 produced by the above-mentioned various methods, particularly the method of simultaneously forming the core 3 and the surface layer 5,
The whole or part of the surface layer 5 may be covered with a thin film of an organic polymer substance, a dispersant used in the manufacturing process, an emulsifier or other additive substances, and the EA effect as EA particles may not be sufficiently exhibited. . This thin film of inert material can be easily removed by polishing the surface of the particles. Therefore, when the core body 3 and the surface layer 5 are simultaneously formed, it is preferable to polish the surfaces thereof.

The polishing of the particle surface can be carried out by various methods. For example, E, which is an inorganic / organic composite particle
The A particles 2 can be dispersed in a dispersion medium such as water and then stirred. At this time, the EA particles 2 are mixed with an abrasive such as sand particles or balls in the dispersion medium.
It can also be carried out by a method of stirring together with it, or a method of stirring by using a grinding wheel. For example again
It is also possible to carry out dry stirring without using the dispersion medium, using the EA particles 2 and the above-mentioned abrasive or grinding wheel.

A more preferable polishing method is a method in which the EA particles 2 are agitated by a jet stream or the like. This is a method of polishing particles by violently colliding with each other in a gas phase, and is a preferable method in that the polished particles can be easily separated by classification without the need for another abrasive. In the above jet stream agitation, it is necessary to select polishing conditions depending on the type of equipment used, the agitation speed, the material of the EA particles 2, etc., but generally 60
It is preferable to perform jet stream stirring at a stirring speed of 00 rpm for about 0.5 min to 15 min.

The ENC fluid composition of the present invention has the above EA
The particles 2 can be produced by uniformly stirring and mixing them in the electrically insulating medium 1 together with other components such as a dispersant, if necessary. As the stirrer, any stirrer normally used for dispersing solid particles in a liquid dispersion medium can be used.

As described above, according to the room acoustics adjusting structure by the sound absorbing device 60 of the present embodiment, when an undesired sound such as excessive reverberation is generated in the corner portion 46, the sound absorbing material is generated. By changing the voltage applied to 61 to absorb a specific frequency that is a factor of excessive reverberation, appropriate reverberation can be generated, and the acoustic effect in the room 40 can be improved. When the specific frequency generated at the corner 46 changes due to environmental conditions such as room temperature, humidity, and the number of people in the room, the sound absorbing material 61 can adjust the sound wave of the changed frequency. That is, in this case, the sound absorbing material 61 from the variable power source 13
It is possible to adjust the sound absorption coefficient of the sound of the specific frequency very easily by applying the voltage to the sound absorbing material 61 while adjusting the voltage that can be absorbed by the sound absorbing material 61 to the undesired specific frequency that fluctuates depending on the environmental conditions. . That is, the sound of the undesired specific frequency that fluctuates due to various factors such as environmental conditions is appropriately adjusted by changing the value of the voltage applied to the sound absorbing material 61, and
It is possible to always set 0 to have an excellent acoustic effect regardless of environmental changes.

Further, since the sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorbing material 61 is appropriately changed by changing the voltage applied to the sound absorbing material 61, there are many kinds of sound absorbing coefficients having different sound absorbing coefficients according to the conventional room or hall having different acoustic characteristics. It is not necessary to prepare the sound absorbing material of, and as a result, the manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this case, the sound absorbing material 61 has a width narrower than that of the sound absorbing material 61, and the supporting plate is stretched around the corner portion 46. A plurality of them are arranged on the outer surface of 63 along the oblique direction, and the variable power sources 13 are connected to these sound absorbing materials 61, respectively. According to this embodiment, even if the specific frequency that causes reverberation in the corner portion 46 slightly changes in the oblique direction in which the sound absorbing materials 61 are lined up, the variable power source 13 for each sound absorbing material 61 is correspondingly changed. The sound absorption frequency in the oblique direction is adjusted by changing the voltage from the corner portion 46.
The reverberation of can be set to a more appropriate state.

In the present invention, a plurality of sound absorbing materials are arranged not only in the diagonal direction of the corner portions 46 but also in the extending direction (horizontal direction) of the corner portions 46 as described above, and a variable power source is provided for these sound absorbing materials. You may make it the structure connected respectively. According to this, even if the specific frequency slightly changes in the extending direction of the corner portion 46, the sound absorbing frequency in the extending direction of the corner portion 46 is adjusted by changing the voltage to each sound absorbing material accordingly. The reverberation at the corner can be set to a more appropriate state. Furthermore, in the present invention, a plurality of small processed sound absorbing materials may be arranged in a grid pattern in the oblique direction and the extending direction of the corner portion 46, and a variable power source may be connected to each of these sound absorbing materials. according to this,
Even if the specific frequency slightly changes in the diagonal direction and the extending direction of the corner portion 46, by changing the voltage to each sound absorbing material accordingly, the diagonal direction and the extending direction of the corner portion 46 are bidirectional. The reverberation of the corner portion 46 can be set to a more appropriate state by adjusting the sound absorption frequency of.

In the above embodiment, the right angle corner portion 4 formed by the rear wall 44 and the ceiling 45 in the room 40 is used.
6 has a configuration in which 1 is diagonally arranged, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is formed by a horizontally extending corner portion formed by the side wall 43 and the ceiling 45, and the side wall 43 and the rear wall 44. It is characterized in that the sound absorbing material 61 is obliquely arranged in a corner portion that extends the reverberation time, such as a corner portion that extends in the vertical direction, and the diagonal angle is appropriately adjusted.

[0054]

As described above, according to the room acoustics adjusting structure of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. According to the room acoustics adjusting structure of claim 1, for example, sound of an undesired specific frequency generated at a corner portion that fluctuates due to various factors such as room temperature, humidity, environmental changes such as the number of people in the room is absorbed. By properly adjusting by changing the value of the voltage applied to the material, it is possible to make the interior of the room always excellent in acoustic effect regardless of environmental changes. Further, it is not necessary to prepare various kinds of sound absorbing materials having different sound absorbing coefficients according to the room or the hall having different acoustic characteristics, and as a result, the manufacturing cost can be significantly reduced.

According to the room acoustics adjusting structure of the second aspect, even if the specific frequency slightly changes in the oblique direction of the corner, the corners are changed by changing the voltage to each sound absorbing material accordingly. By adjusting the sound absorption frequency in the oblique direction, the reverberation at the corner can be set to a more appropriate state. Further, according to the room acoustics adjusting structure of the third aspect, even if the specific frequency slightly changes in the extending direction of the corner portion, the voltage for each sound absorbing material is changed in accordance with the slight variation of the specific frequency. By adjusting the sound absorption frequency in the extending direction, the reverberation at the corner can be set to a more appropriate state. Further, according to the room acoustics adjusting structure of the fourth aspect, even if the specific frequency slightly changes in the oblique direction and the extending direction of the corner portion, the voltage to each sound absorbing material is changed accordingly. By adjusting the bidirectional sound absorption frequencies in the diagonal direction and the extending direction of the corner portion, the reverberation of the corner portion can be set to a more appropriate state.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a room to which an adjusting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the sound absorbing device according to the embodiment of the present invention is arranged in a corner portion in a room.

FIG. 3 is a side view of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a sound wave absorption control device (sound control device) including the electro-sensitive type sound wave absorption control fluid composition.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a chain and one electrode plate resonate upon incidence of a sound wave in the sound wave absorption control device.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the electro-sensitive sound wave absorption control fluid composition according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode of a fluid composition for electro-sensitive sound wave absorption control according to the present invention when the power is off.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode of the electro-sensitive acoustic wave absorption controlling fluid composition according to the present invention when the power is turned on.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a sound wave is incident on the sound wave absorption control device and one of the electrode plates vibrates.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of measuring the effect of electric field strength on electric field arrangement characteristics of an electric field arrangement particle dispersion system.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a vibration system.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another example of the bending state of the chain in the sound wave absorption control device.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a column in which a plurality of chains are joined to each other in the sound wave absorption control device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Electrically insulating medium, 2 ... EA particles (solid particles), 13
... variable power source (voltage applying means), 40 ... room, 44 ... rear wall, 45 ... ceiling, 46 ... corner part, 50 ... stereo system, 60 ... sound absorbing device, 61 ... sound absorbing material, 63 ... support plate.

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Moritaka Goto 1-5-1, Kiba, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Fujikura Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenji Furuichi 1-1-5, Kiba, Koto-ku, Tokyo Fujikura Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasufumi Otsubo 206-1, Konakadai, Inage-ku, Chiba, Chiba 206

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A corner portion (4) formed on a ceiling (45) and a wall (44) or a wall and a wall in a room (40).
6) In the room acoustic adjustment structure in which the plate-shaped sound absorbing material (61) is obliquely arranged, in the sound absorbing material (61), solid particles (2) having an electric field array effect are electrically insulating. The electro-sensitive sound wave, which is formed by containing a fluid composition for electro-sensitive sound wave absorption control contained in a medium (1), and which constitutes the sound-absorbing material (61) in the sound-absorbing material (61). A room acoustic adjustment structure characterized in that a voltage application means (13) for applying a voltage to the absorption control fluid composition and adjusting the applied voltage is connected. 2. A plurality of the sound absorbing materials (61) are arranged in the oblique direction, and the voltage applying means (13) are connected to the sound absorbing materials (61), respectively. Room acoustics adjustment structure described. 3. The adjustment of room acoustics according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the sound absorbing materials are arranged in a direction in which the corner portion extends, and the voltage applying means is connected to each of the sound absorbing materials. Construction. 4. A plurality of the sound absorbing materials are arranged side by side in the oblique direction and the extending direction of the corners in a grid pattern, and the voltage applying means is connected to each of the sound absorbing materials. The room acoustic adjustment structure according to claim 1.