JPH08152229A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain an air conditioner which enables attainment of noise reduction by absorbing efficiently the noise of the air conditioner of which the frequency distribution is different according to equipment, a state of installation and a state of use, by a method wherein a sound wave absorption control equipped with a fluid composition of electric alignment which can control a characteristic frequency is executed for a voltage to be impressed. CONSTITUTION: An inner layer 2 formed of a sound absorbing member, a filling part 2a constituted of glass wool, a sound absorbing layer 6 and an outer layer 2b formed of a rubber are provided on the outer peripheries of a compressor 1a and an accumulator 1b of an air conditioner 5. A sound absorbing layer 6a of the sound absorbing layer 6 is constituted of an insulating material, and a pair of electrode plates 7 and 8 are disposed oppositely in the direction intersecting an opening face perpendicularly with a gap between them inside a box-shaped casing 6b one side of which is made the opening face. Between the electrode plates 7 and 8 inside the casing 6b, a fluid composition of electric alignment (ENC) is stored in a hermetically closed state. Between the electrode plates 7 and 8, besides, a switch 21 and a variable power source 22 of which the voltage can be set variably are connected as voltage impression regulating means 20 through an electric cable 23.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner, and more particularly to a low noise type air conditioner capable of suppressing the leakage of noise to the outside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, as shown in FIG. 12, an air conditioner 1 is provided with a compressor 1a and an accumulator 1b. The compressor 1a and the accumulator 1b are
Noise is generated during operation, and this noise has its own frequency component for each of the compressor 1a and the accumulator 1b. Furthermore, the frequency distribution of this noise changes depending on the installation status of the air conditioner 1 or the usage status of the air conditioner 1 during strong operation / weak operation.

In order to reduce this noise, the air conditioner 1
In the outer periphery of the compressor 1a and the accumulator 1b, there are an inner layer 2 made of a conventional sound absorbing member such as porous plastic, glass wool and felt, and a filling portion 2 made of glass wool.
a, an outer layer 2b made of rubber is provided. However, the inner layer 2, the filling portion 2a, and the outer layer 2b are effective for noise in the high frequency band but low in noise in the low frequency band, and as a result, noise in the wide frequency band is sufficiently reduced. There was a problem that I could not do it. As a solution to this problem, the actual Kaihei 5-252
Japanese Patent Publication No. 24 discloses a technique for reducing noise by providing a sound absorbing layer 3 in the air conditioner 1 as shown in FIG. At this time, the sound absorbing layer 3 includes a concrete layer 3a, a soundproof layer 3b capable of absorbing noise in a specific frequency band generated by the compressor 1a, and a soundproof layer 3c capable of absorbing noise in a specific frequency band generated by the accumulator 1b. It consists of

[0004]

However, the air conditioner 1 has the following problems to be solved. 1) In the sound absorbing layer 3, that is, in the concrete layer 3a, the soundproof layer 3b, and the soundproof layer 3c, the frequency band that can be absorbed is determined at the time of manufacturing, and thus the frequency distribution varies depending on the device, installation situation, and usage situation. There is no flexibility for the noise of the harmony machine 1, the frequency distribution of the actual noise and the sound absorbing layer 3
Due to this, a difference easily occurs with the frequency component that can be absorbed, and the actual noise cannot always be sufficiently reduced. 2) Since the sound absorbing layer 3 includes the concrete layer 3a, the weight increases. 3) Since the sound absorbing layer 3 is composed of a plurality of layers, the size of the air conditioner 1 is increased.

By the way, the inventors of the present invention have proposed a novel electric field arrangement characteristic (Electric Alig) which has not been known in the past.
(hereinafter referred to as "EA characteristic" for short).
(hereinafter, referred to as “ENC fluid composition”, which is abbreviated as “lectric noise-control fluid composition”). This ENC fluid composition is, for example,
It is a fluid obtained by dispersing solid particles in an electrically insulating medium.When a voltage is applied to this, the solid particles cause dielectric polarization, and they are coordinately connected to each other in the electric field direction by electrostatic attraction based on the dielectric polarization. It has the property of being aligned and exhibiting a chain structure. In addition, some solid particles exhibit the property of exhibiting an array lump structure by electrophoresis and array alignment. In this way, the array orientation of particles under an electric field is called an electric field array effect (abbreviated as “electric alignment effect”, hereinafter referred to as “EA effect”), and solid particles having such a property are referred to as electric field array particles (Ele effect).
Abbreviated ctric Alignment particles,
"EA particles"). Then, the present inventors arrived at the present invention by advancing research on the ENC fluid composition having this novel structure.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and an apparatus is provided by performing sound wave absorption control provided with an ENC fluid composition which has an EA effect and whose characteristic frequency can be controlled by an applied voltage. -The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner that can achieve low noise by efficiently absorbing the noise of the air conditioner, which has a different frequency distribution depending on the installation status and usage status.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following configuration. That is, the air conditioner of the present invention is an air conditioner comprising a compressor and an accumulator, the outer periphery of the compressor and the accumulator, a sound absorbing layer is provided, the sound absorbing layer,
A pair of opposed electrode plates, and an electro-sensitive acoustic wave absorption control fluid composition comprising an electrically insulating medium, which is disposed between the pair of electrode plates and contains solid particles having an electric field array effect. It is characterized by comprising a voltage application adjusting means for applying a voltage between the pair of electrode plates and adjusting the voltage.

[0008]

In the air conditioner of the present invention, the sound absorbing layer comprises a pair of electrode plates and EA particles having an EA effect, which are disposed between the pair of electrode plates and are contained in the electrically insulating medium. The ENC fluid composition and a pair of electrode plates are provided with voltage application adjusting means for applying a voltage and adjusting the voltage. At this time, when no voltage is applied between the pair of electrode plates, E in the ENC fluid composition is
The EA particles having the A effect are randomly suspended and dispersed in the electrically insulating medium.

When a certain voltage is applied to the pair of electrode plates by the voltage application adjusting means, the EA particles are arranged and linked in a chain to form a chain (particle chain), which chain is oriented in the electric field direction. Arrange in parallel. When a sound wave (air vibration) is applied to one of the electrode plates in this state, the electrode plate vibrates in the direction opposite to these electrode plates, but the chain itself has elastic properties, so the chain When the body is pulled, the particles facing each other attract each other to generate an attractive force, and when it is compressed, it bends to generate a repulsive force, which causes viscous resistance due to the movement of the chain in the electrically insulating medium. This causes the energy loss (dissipation) of the sound waves.

That is, the ENC fluid composition containing a chain resonates with the electrode plate due to the sound wave incident on the electrode plate. The sound wave frequency that gives vibration to such a chain is determined by the characteristic frequency of the chain (which is presumed to be the so-called natural frequency, which is the balance between the elasticity of the chain and the inertia of the electrode plate). When a sound wave having a frequency matching the characteristic frequency is incident on the electrode plate, the chain resonates and absorbs the sound wave, and sound waves of other frequencies are reflected.

Since the attractive force (stress generated in the chain) acting between the particles increases as the voltage applied to the pair of electrode plates increases, the elastic modulus and viscosity of the chain itself are applied. The present invention takes advantage of this as the voltage increases as the voltage increases. In other words, the applied voltage is adjusted so that the characteristic frequency of the chain itself matches the frequency component of the incident sound wave (air vibration) to be removed, so that the chain resonates and absorbs (removes) sound. ) It consumes the energy of the desired component and reflects the other components.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of measuring the effect of the electric field strength on the EA characteristics for the EA particle 30 wt% dispersion system. It is clear from this graph that the stress acting on the chain increases as the applied voltage increases. EA
The characteristic is that the dielectrically polarized particles are arranged in the direction of the electric field by an electric attraction to form a chain structure. At low shear rates, electrical attraction dominates, resulting in a gradual cycle of breaking and reforming chain structures. The yield stress is the force that is generated when a chain arranged in the direction of the electric field undergoes shear failure in the direction perpendicular to it. Considering that the particles of all the chains formed have the same diameter and connect the electrode plates in a straight line, the number of chains is proportional to the particle concentration.
The yield stress will also be proportional to the particle concentration. Figure 10
The equivalent circuit of the vibration at this time is shown, and the elastic modulus K
It is shown that the coil spring and the dashpot having the viscosity C are equivalent to those connected in parallel between the pair of electrode plates.

Therefore, by adjusting the applied voltage by the voltage application adjusting means, the characteristic frequency of the chain itself can be matched with the frequency component of the incident sound wave (air vibration) to be removed. Then, the chain resonates with the sound wave of the frequency component to be removed, consumes the energy of the sound wave, and reflects the sound wave of other components. Therefore, according to the air conditioner of the present invention, by adjusting the applied voltage, the frequency distribution actually observed with respect to the noise of the air conditioner having a different frequency distribution depending on the device, installation situation, and usage situation The sound range in which the sound absorbing layer absorbs sound is selected in accordance with the above, and noise can be reduced by absorbing noise in this sound absorbing layer.

[0014]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the air conditioner of the present invention, and the reference numeral 5 is an air conditioner. In the air conditioner 5, the same parts as those in the conventional air conditioner 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be simplified.

In the air conditioner 5, around the outer periphery of the compressor 1a and the accumulator 1b, an inner layer 2 made of a conventional sound absorbing member such as porous plastic, glass wool and felt, a filling portion 2a made of glass wool, a sound absorbing layer 6, An outer layer 2b made of rubber is provided. The lid of the air conditioner 5 also has the same layered structure.

As shown in FIG. 2, the sound absorbing layer 6 is divided into a plurality of rectangular sound absorbing portions 6a, 6a ... In plan view, and as a whole shape, the outer circumferences of the compressor 1a and the accumulator 1b are surrounded. It has a curved surface that smoothly covers. Each sound absorbing part 6a is made of an insulating material, and a pair of electrode plates 7 and 8 are arranged inside a box-shaped casing 6b whose one surface is an opening surface so as to face each other with a gap in a direction orthogonal to the opening surface. For example, a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film 9 that is flexible against sound waves is evenly adhered to the surface of the electrode plate 7 on the opening side. The one electrode plate 7 and the PET film 9 are provided so as to close the opening surface of the casing 6b, and the electrode plate 7 and the PET film 9 integrally vibrate in the opposite direction of the electrode plates 7 and 8. It is free. Also, the casing 6b
The ENC fluid composition 1 is provided between the pair of electrode plates 7 and 8 inside.
0 is housed in a sealed state.

In the above ENC fluid composition 10, as shown in FIG. 3, EA particles 12 are uniformly dispersed in an electrically insulating medium 11. The EA particles 12 include a core body 13 made of an organic polymer compound and an electric field aligning inorganic substance (Ele).
The abbreviated ctric inorganic material is hereinafter abbreviated as “EA inorganic material”) and is formed by the surface layer 15 composed of particles 14 to form inorganic / organic composite particles. In this embodiment, the electrically insulating medium 11
Is colorless and transparent silicone oil, the organic polymer compound forming the core 13 of the inorganic / organic composite particles is a polyacrylic acid ester, and the EA inorganic particle 14 forming the surface layer 15 is an inorganic ion exchanger. In addition, it is white titanium hydroxide that is an electric semiconductor inorganic substance. The color of the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) is, for example, white. The ratio of the EA particles 12 contained in the electrically insulating medium 11 is, for example, 7.5% by weight.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a pair of electrode plates 7,
Between the eight, a switch 21 as a voltage application adjusting means 20 and a variable power source 22 capable of variably setting the voltage are connected to the electric cable 2.
3 are connected.

Next, the sound absorption by the sound absorbing portion 6a will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, when no voltage is applied between the pair of electrode plates 7 and 8, the ENC fluid composition 10
EA particles 12 are randomly suspended and dispersed in the electrically insulating medium 11. And a pair of electrode plates 7,
When a voltage is applied to 8, as shown in FIG. 5, the EA particles 12 in the ENC fluid composition 10 are arranged and linked in a chain to form a chain (particle chain) 25. Arrange in parallel to the electric field direction.

In this state, when a sound wave (air vibration) 30 is incident on one of the electrode plates 7, (a), (b) of FIG.
The states of (c) and (d) occur sequentially, and the electrode plate 7 integrally vibrates in the opposite direction of the electrode plates 7 and 8 together with the PET film 9, but the chain 25 itself has an elastic property. As shown in FIG. 6B, the chain 25
When compressed, it bends into a dogleg shape, for example, to generate a repulsive force, and when pulled backward, as shown in FIG. 6D, the chain-like bodies 25 face each other. The EA particles 12 attract each other to generate an attractive force. This makes E
The movement of the chain body 25 in the NC fluid composition 10 causes viscous resistance, resulting in loss (dissipation) of energy of the sound wave 30.

The tension and compression of the chain 25 are repeated as the electrode plate 7 vibrates.
As a result, the chain 25 itself also vibrates. That is, the ENC fluid composition 10 including the chain 25 and the electrode plate structure composed of the electrode film 7 and the PET film 9 resonate with the sound wave 30 incident on the electrode plate 7. The sound wave frequency that gives vibration to the chain 25 is determined by the characteristic frequency of the chain 25, and when a sound wave 30 having a frequency matching the characteristic frequency enters the electrode plate 7,
As shown by arrows A and B in FIG. 7, the chain 25 resonates to absorb the sound wave 30, and the sound wave 31 of another frequency is reflected.

Since the force acting on each EA particle 12 (stress generated in the chain 25) increases with an increase in the voltage applied between the pair of electrode plates 7 and 8, the chain 25 itself is The elastic modulus and viscosity increase as the applied voltage increases. The present invention utilizes this fact to remove a desired component of a sound wave. That is, by adjusting the applied voltage to match the characteristic frequency of the chain 25 itself with the frequency of the component (sound wave having a specific wavelength) to be removed in the sound wave (air vibration) incident on the electrode plate 7, As shown in FIG. 7, the chain 25 is moved by the action of inertial force to the left and right arrows A, B.
Resonates as shown by (1), consumes the energy of the component of the incident sound wave 30 that is desired to be removed, and reflects the other sound wave component (denoted by reference numeral 31). in this way,
The applied voltage can absorb a desired specific wavelength component of the incident sound wave.

The applied voltage is set by adjusting the applied voltage by the variable power source 22 when the air conditioner 5 is installed or when the frequency of noise changes due to changes in usage conditions. Thereby, the characteristic frequency of the chain 25 itself can be matched with the frequency of noise. At this time, the chain 25 resonates with the sound wave having the frequency of the noise, consumes the energy of the sound wave having the frequency component, and the noise is absorbed.

From the above, in the air conditioner 5, the noise of the air conditioner 5 having a different frequency distribution depending on the device, the installation condition, and the usage condition is adjusted according to the sound range of the actually observed noise. By adjusting the voltage application adjusting means 20, the sound absorbing band of the sound absorbing layer 6 can be selected, and sound waves in the sound range of noise can be efficiently absorbed, and the air conditioner 5
It is possible to achieve low noise.

At this time, regarding the setting method of the applied voltage that determines the sound absorbing band of the sound absorbing layer 6, the sound absorbing portions 6a, 6a ...
It is preferable that the applied voltage is set individually so that the sound absorption distribution of the sound absorbing layer 6 as a whole substantially coincides with the frequency distribution of noise and the noise is optimally reduced. Further, if a system is provided in which a plurality of sensors for detecting the frequency of noise are arranged and the applied voltage to each of the sound absorbing parts 6a, 6a ... Is automatically controlled according to the signals from these sensors, for example, the compressor 1a is an inverter. It is possible to deal with the case where the frequency distribution of noise is controlled and changes momentarily, which is a more preferable embodiment.

When the noise of the air conditioner 5 can be roughly classified into the noise from the compressor 1a and the noise from the accumulator 1b, the voltage applied to the sound absorbing parts 6a, 6a on the compressor 1a side and the noise from the accumulator 1b side. It is possible to simplify the setting of the applied voltage as a method of collectively setting the applied voltage to the sound absorbing parts 6a, 6a. At this time, when the frequency distribution of the noise from the compressor 1a and the frequency distribution of the noise from the accumulator 1b are substantially equal, even if the applied voltages of all the sound absorbing parts 6a, 6a ... Can be obtained and the setting of the applied voltage can be further simplified.

The sound absorbing layer 6 is significantly lighter and thinner than the concrete layer 3a, so that the weight of the air conditioner 5 is not increased and the air conditioner 5 is not used.
Does not increase in size.

By the way, the characteristic frequency of the sound wave to be absorbed is
The size of the EA particles 12, the elastic force acting between the EA particles 12,
It also changes depending on the natural frequency of the electrode plate 7 and the distance between the electrode plates 7 and 8. In this embodiment, the electrically insulating medium 11
Since the spherical EA particles 12 having a substantially uniform particle size are dispersed therein (without using irregular particles), the above-mentioned repulsive force and attractive force do not fluctuate under a constant voltage, and EA
The balance between the elastic force acting between the particles 12 and the inertial force of the electrode plate 7 hardly changes. In the above-mentioned embodiment, the chain body is supposed to be bent in a V shape, but in addition to this,
For example, an S-shape as shown in FIG.
It is considered that there is a case where it is bent into a W-shape as shown in (b).

Further, in the above embodiment, the phenomenon in which the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 12 form one row of chain-like bodies 25 and are arranged in parallel by the application of a voltage has been described. If the number of the chains exceeds 25% by weight, the chains 25 are not joined in one row but a plurality of rows are joined to each other to form a column 26 as shown in FIG. Come to do. In this column 26, the left and right chain-shaped EA particles 12 are staggered one by one and adjoin each other. With respect to this, the inventors of the present invention, as shown in (b) of FIG. 9, have an EA that is dielectrically polarized in the + pole portion and the − pole portion.
It is presumed that this is because it is more stable in terms of energy when the particles 12 are alternately adjacent to each other and the + pole portion and the − pole portion are arranged so as to attract each other. Furthermore, although the ENC fluid composition 10 is housed between the pair of electrode plates 7 and 8 in the above-mentioned embodiment, the ENC fluid composition 10 is not limited to this.
The porous body sufficiently impregnated with may be housed between the pair of electrode plates 7 and 8. In this case, the porous body preferably has open cells so as not to impair the EA effect.

The electrically insulating medium 11 used in the ENC fluid composition 10 of the present invention includes, for example, diphenyl chloride, butyl sebacate, aromatic polycarboxylic acid higher alcohol ester, halophenyl alkyl ether, trans oil, and chloride. Any fluid such as paraffin, fluorine-based oil, silicone-based oil, fluorosilicone-based oil, etc., as long as it has high electric insulation and electric breakdown strength, is chemically stable, and can stably disperse EA particles or Mixtures of these can also be used. The electrically insulating medium 11 can be colored according to the purpose. For coloring, it is preferable to use a type and amount of an oil-soluble dye or a dispersible dye that is soluble in the selected electrically insulating medium and does not impair its electrical properties. The electrically insulating medium 11 may further contain a dispersant, a surfactant, a viscosity modifier, an antioxidant, a stabilizer and the like.

The kinematic viscosity of this electrically insulating medium 11 is 1c.
It is preferably in the range of St to 30,000 cSt. When the kinematic viscosity is less than 1 cSt, the storage stability of the ENC fluid composition 10 is insufficient, and the kinematic viscosity is 300.
If it is larger than 00 cSt, it is difficult to uniformly disperse the EA particles 12, and bubbles are entangled during the adjustment, which makes it difficult to remove the bubbles, which is unfavorable in handling. From this viewpoint, the kinematic viscosity is from 10 cSt to 100.
Within the range of 0 cSt, especially 10 cSt to 100 cSt
It is preferably within the range. Of course, the kinematic viscosity of the electrically insulating medium 11 changes with temperature, and this temperature effect can be suppressed by the applied voltage.

The EA particles 12 used in the present invention are EA particles.
Any material such as an element, an organic compound, an inorganic compound, or a mixture thereof can be used as long as it is an inorganic / organic composite particle having an effect. Examples thereof include particles of inorganic ion exchangers, metal oxides, silica gel, inorganic substances having electric semiconductors, carbon black, and particles having these as a surface layer.
However, the EA particles 12 are inorganic-organic composite particles formed by the core body 13 made of an organic polymer compound and the surface layer 15 made of the EA inorganic particles 14 as shown in the above-mentioned examples. Is particularly preferable. This inorganic
Organic composite particles are EA inorganic particles 1 having a relatively high specific gravity.
The surface layer 15 composed of 4 is carried on the core body 13 which is an organic polymer compound having a relatively low specific gravity, and the specific gravity of the whole particles can be adjusted so as to approximate to the electrical insulating medium 11. Therefore, the ENC fluid composition obtained by dispersing this in the electrically insulating medium 11 has excellent storage stability.

Examples of the organic polymer compound that can be used as the core body 13 of the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 12 include poly (meth) acrylic acid ester, (meth) acrylic acid ester-styrene copolymer, One or a mixture or copolymer of polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, ABS resin, nylon, polyvinyl butyrate, ionomer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate resin, polycarbonate resin and the like. Can be mentioned.

Various particles can be used as the particles 14 which are the EA inorganic material forming the surface layer 15, and preferred examples thereof include an inorganic ion exchanger, silica gel and an electrically semiconductive inorganic material. When these particles 14 are used to form the surface layer 15 on the core body 13 made of an organic polymer compound, the obtained inorganic / organic composite particles are useful EA.
It becomes particles 12.

Examples of the above inorganic ion exchanger include (1)
Hydroxide of polyvalent metal, (2) hydrotalcites,
(3) Acid salt of polyvalent metal, (4) Hydroxyapatite, (5) Nasicon type compound, (6) Clay mineral, (7)
Mention may be made of potassium titanates, (8) heteropolyacid salts, and (9) insoluble ferrocyanide.

The respective inorganic ion exchangers will be described in detail below. (1) Hydroxide of polyvalent metal. These compounds are represented by the general formula MO _x (OH) _y (M is a polyvalent metal, x is a number of 0 or more, and y is a positive number), and examples thereof include titanium hydroxide and hydroxide. zirconium,
Examples include bismuth hydroxide, tin hydroxide, lead hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, tantalum hydroxide, niobium hydroxide, molybdenum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, manganese hydroxide, and iron hydroxide. Here, for example, titanium hydroxide refers to hydrous titanium oxide (also known as metatitanic acid or β-titanic acid, Ti
It contains both O (OH) ₂ ) and titanium hydroxide (also known as orthotitanic acid or α-titanic acid, Ti (OH) ₄ ), and the same applies to other compounds.

(2) Hydrotalcites. These compounds have the general formula M ₁₃ Al ₆ (OH) ₄₃ (C
O) ₃ · 12H ₂ O (M is a divalent metal), and the divalent metal M is, for example, Mg, Ca or Ni. (3) Acid salt of polyvalent metal. These are, for example, titanium phosphate, zirconium phosphate, tin phosphate, cerium phosphate, chromium phosphate, zirconium arsenate, titanium arsenate, tin arsenate, cerium arsenate, titanium antimonate, tin antimonate, tantalum antimonate. , Niobium antimonate, zirconium tungstate, titanium vanadate, zirconium molybdate, titanium selenate, and tin molybdate.

(4) Hydroxyapatite. These are, for example, calcium apatite, lead apatite,
Examples include strontium apatite and cadmium apatite. (5) Nasicon type compound. These include, for example, (H ₃ O) Zr ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₃ but in the present invention, a Nasicon type compound in which H ₃ O is replaced with Na can also be used. (6) Clay mineral. These are, for example, montmorillonite, sepiolite, bentonite and the like, with sepiolite being particularly preferred.

(7) Potassium titanates. These general formula _{aK 2 O · bTiO 2 · nH} 2 O (a 0
<A is a positive number that satisfies a ≦ 1, b is a positive number that satisfies 1 ≦ b ≦ 6, and n is a positive number), for example, K ₂ ·
TiO ₂ · 2H ₂ O, K ₂ O · 2TiO ₂ · 2H ₂ O, 0.
5K ₂ O ・ TiO ₂・ 2H ₂ O, and K ₂ O ・ 2.5Ti
For example, O ₂ · 2H ₂ O. Among the above compounds, a
Alternatively, a compound in which b is not an integer is easily synthesized by treating a compound in which a or b is an appropriate integer with an acid and substituting K with H.

(8) Heteropolyacid salt. These are represented by the general formula H ₃ AE ₁₂ O ₄₀ .nH ₂ O (A is phosphorus, arsenic, germanium, or silicon, E is molybdenum, tungsten, or vanadium, and n is a positive number), For example, ammonium molybdophosphate and ammonium tungstophosphate. (9) Insoluble ferrocyanide. These are compounds represented by the following general formula. M _b -pxa
A [E (CN) ₆ ] (M is an alkali metal or hydrogen ion, A is a heavy metal ion such as zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese, cadmium, iron (III) or titanium, E is iron (II), iron (III), cobalt (II) or the like, b is 4 or 3, a is a valence of A, and p is a positive number of 0 to b / a.) These include, for example, Cs. Insoluble ferrocyanine compounds such as ₂ Zn [Fe (CN) ₆ ] and K ₂ Co [Fe (CN) ₆ ] are included.

The inorganic ion exchangers (1) to (6) each have an OH group, and some or all of the ions present at the ion exchange sites of these inorganic ion exchangers are different ions. Those substituted with (hereinafter, referred to as a substitutional inorganic ion exchanger) are also included in the inorganic ion exchanger of the present invention. That, R-M ¹ inorganic ion exchanger described above (M ¹ represents an ion species of the ion exchange sites) is expressed as a part or all of M ¹ in the R-M ^1, the ion exchange reaction below A substituted inorganic ion exchanger in which an ionic species M ² different from M ¹ is substituted by
It is an inorganic ion exchanger in the present invention. ^{xR-M 1 + yM 2 →} R x - (M 2) y + xM 1 ( Here x, y respectively represent the valence of ionic species M ^2, M ^1). M ¹ varies depending on the type of the inorganic ion exchanger having an OH group, but when the inorganic ion exchanger exhibits a cation exchange property, M ¹ is generally H ⁺ , and in this case, M ² is an alkali metal or an alkali. Any metal ion other than H ⁺ , such as earth metals, polyvalent typical metals, transition metals or rare earth metals. When the inorganic ion exchanger having an OH group exhibits anion exchange property, M ¹ is generally OH.
^- , In which case M ² is, for example, I, Cl, SCN, N
Any of anions other than OH ⁻ such as O ₂ , Br, F, CH ₃ COO, SO ₄ or CrO ₄ and complex ions.

Further, regarding the inorganic ion exchanger which has once lost the OH group due to the high temperature heat treatment, but becomes to have the OH group again by an operation such as immersion in water, the inorganic ion after the high temperature heat treatment is used. Exchangers and the like are also a kind of inorganic ion exchangers that can be used in the present invention, and specific examples thereof include a Nasicon type compound such as (H ₃ O) Zr ₂
(PO ₄₎ HZr ₂ obtained by heating ₃ (PO _{4) 3} and high-temperature heat treatment of hydrotalcite (500 to 700
Heat treatment at ℃) etc. These inorganic ion exchangers can be used not only in one kind but also in many kinds simultaneously as a surface layer. It is particularly preferable to use a hydroxide of a polyvalent metal and an acid salt of a polyvalent metal as the above inorganic ion exchanger.

EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 12
An example of the electrically semiconducting inorganic material that can be used as the surface layer 15 of is an electric conductivity of 10 ³ to 10 ^-11 Ω ^-1 / cm at room temperature.
Metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal oxide hydroxides, inorganic ion exchangers, or metal-doped ones of at least one of these, or at least any one of them regardless of the presence or absence of metal doping. For example, the seed is applied to another support as an electric semiconductor layer.

Examples of preferable electrically semiconductive inorganic substances are shown below. (A) Metal oxide: For example, SnO ₂ or amorphous titanium dioxide (manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.). (B) Metal hydroxide: For example, titanium hydroxide or niobium hydroxide. Here, titanium hydroxide means hydrous titanium oxide (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.), metatitanic acid (also known as β-titanic acid,
TiO (OH) ₂ ) and orthotitanic acid (also known as α-titanic acid, Ti (OH) ₄ ) are included. (C) Metal oxide hydroxide: For example, FeO
(OH) (goethite) and the like can be mentioned. (D) Hydroxide of polyvalent metal: equivalent to inorganic ion exchanger (1). (E) Hydrotalcites: Inorganic ion exchanger (2)
Equivalent to (F) Acid salt of polyvalent metal: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (3). (G) Hydroxyapatite: Inorganic ion exchanger (4)
Equivalent to (H) Nashicon type compound: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (5). (I) Clay mineral: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (6). (J) Potassium titanate: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (7). (K) Heteropolyacid salt: equivalent to the inorganic ion exchanger (8). (L) Insoluble ferrocyanide: equivalent to inorganic ion exchanger (9). (M) Metal-doped EA inorganic substance: This is obtained by doping the EA inorganic substance with a metal such as antimony (Sb) in order to increase the electric conductivity of the above-mentioned electric semiconductor inorganic substances (A) to (L). For example, antimony (S
b) Doping tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) and the like can be mentioned. (N) EA inorganic material applied as an electric semiconductor layer on another support: for example, titanium oxide, silica as a support,
Examples thereof include inorganic particles such as alumina and silica-alumina, or organic polymer particles such as polyethylene and polypropylene, to which antimony (Sb) -doped tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) is applied as an electric semiconductor layer. . The particles in which the EA inorganic substance is applied to the other support as described above can be regarded as the EA inorganic substance as a whole. These EA inorganic substances may be used not only in one kind but also in two kinds or more simultaneously as a surface layer.

The EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 12 are
It can be manufactured by various methods. For example, there is a method in which a particulate core body 13 made of an organic polymer compound and fine particulate particles 14 are transported by a jet stream and collided with each other to produce them. In this case, the fine particles of the particles 14 collide with the surface of the particulate core 13 at a high speed and are fixed to form the surface layer 15. As another example of the manufacturing method, there is a method of suspending the particulate core body 13 in a gas, atomizing the solution of the particles 14 and spraying the solution onto the surface thereof. In this case, the solution adheres to the surface of the core body 13 and is dried so that the surface layer 1
5 is formed.

A particularly preferred method for producing the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 12 is the core layer 13 and the surface layer 15 at the same time.
Is a method of forming. This method is performed by, for example, the core 13
When emulsion-polymerizing, suspension-polymerizing or dispersion-polymerizing a monomer of an organic polymer compound which forms a polymer, particles 14 which are fine particle EA inorganic substances are present in the monomer or in the polymerization medium. Is.
Water is preferred as the polymerization medium, but a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent can also be used, and an organic poor solvent can also be used. According to this method, the monomers are polymerized in the polymerization medium to form the core particles 13, and at the same time, the fine particles of the EA inorganic particles 14 are layered on the surface of the core 13 to coat the core particles 13. The surface layer 15 is formed.

When the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) are produced by emulsion polymerization or suspension polymerization, the EA inorganic particles 14 are combined by combining the hydrophobic property of the monomer and the hydrophilic property of the EA inorganic substance. Can be attached to the surface of the core body 13. This core 13
According to the method for simultaneously forming the surface layer 15 and the surface layer 15, the EA inorganic particles 14 are densely and firmly adhered to the surface of the core body 13 made of an organic polymer compound, and the robust EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 12 are formed. It is formed.

The shape of the EA particles 12 used in the present invention does not necessarily have to be spherical, but the particle-shaped core body 13 is used.
When the EA particles 12 are produced by a controlled emulsion-suspension polymerization method, the resulting EA particles 12 have a substantially spherical shape.
Although the particle size of the EA particles 12 is not particularly limited,
0.1 μm to 500 μm, especially 5 μm to 200
It is preferably within the range of μm. The particle size of the fine particles of EA inorganic particles 14 at this time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.005 μm to 100 μm.
μm, more preferably 0.01 μm to 10 μm.

In the EA particles (inorganic / organic composite particles) 12, the weight ratio of the particles 14 which are the EA inorganic substance forming the surface layer 15 and the organic polymer compound forming the core body 13 is not particularly limited. In order to obtain the ENC fluid composition 10 having high storage stability, the particles 14 are added to the total weight of the particles 14 of the EA inorganic material and the core body 13 of the organic polymer compound.
Is preferably in the range of 1% to 60% by weight, particularly preferably in the range of 4% to 30% by weight. When the proportion of the core body 13 is less than 1% by weight, the obtained EA particles 1
When the EA characteristic of 2 becomes insufficient and exceeds 60% by weight,
There is a possibility that the specific gravity of the EA particles 12 becomes excessive and the storage stability is impaired. Further, the ENC fluid composition 10 has the above-mentioned E content.
The A particles 12 can be produced by uniformly stirring and mixing in a electrically insulating medium together with a dispersant and other components if necessary. As the stirrer, any stirrer normally used for dispersing solid particles in a liquid dispersion medium can be used. The content of the EA particles 12 in the electrically insulating medium 11 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 75% by weight, and particularly preferably 5 to 50% by weight. If the content is less than 1% by weight, a sufficient EA effect cannot be obtained,
If it is 75% by weight or more, the initial viscosity of the ENC fluid composition 10 when a voltage is not applied becomes too large, which makes it difficult to use.

Various methods described above, particularly the core body 13 and the surface layer 15
EA particles produced by a method of simultaneously forming and
In No. 2, the whole or a part of the surface layer 15 is covered with a thin film of an organic polymer substance, a dispersant used in the manufacturing process, an emulsifier and other additive substances, and the EA effect as EA particles is not sufficiently exhibited. There are cases. This thin film of inert material can be easily removed by polishing the surface of the particles. Therefore, when the core body 13 and the surface layer 15 are simultaneously formed, it is preferable to polish the surfaces thereof.

The polishing of the particle surface can be performed by various methods. For example, EA, which is an inorganic / organic composite particle
The particles 12 can be dispersed in a dispersion medium such as water, and the mixture can be stirred. At this time, the EA particles 1 are mixed with abrasives such as sand particles and balls in the dispersion medium.
It can also be carried out by a method of stirring together with 2, a method of stirring using a grinding wheel, or the like. For example, again
It is also possible to carry out dry stirring using the EA particles 12 and the above-mentioned abrasive or grinding stone without using the dispersion medium.

A more preferable polishing method is EA particles 12
Is a method of stirring the air flow by a jet air flow or the like.
This is a method of polishing particles by violently colliding with each other in a gas phase, and is a preferable method in that the polished particles can be easily separated by classification without the need for another abrasive. In the above jet stream agitation, it is necessary to select polishing conditions depending on the type of equipment used, the agitation speed, the material of the EA particles 12, etc., but generally 0.5 min to 15 min at a stirring speed of 6000 rpm.
It is preferable to stir with a jet stream.

The ENC fluid composition 10 is the above EA.
The particles 12 can be manufactured by uniformly stirring and mixing the particles 12 in the electrically insulating medium 11 together with other components such as a dispersant. As the stirrer, any stirrer normally used for dispersing solid particles in a liquid dispersion medium can be used.

Incidentally, in place of the PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film 9 in the above embodiment, PVC is used.
It is possible to use various films such as (polyvinyl chloride) film, nylon film, various plastic films such as acrylic film, which are flexible against sound waves and have good closing properties of the opening surface of the casing 6b.

[0055]

The air conditioner of the present invention has the following effects. (1) The noise absorption of the sound absorbing layer is adjusted by adjusting the voltage application adjusting means in accordance with the sound range actually observed for the noise of the air conditioner whose frequency distribution varies depending on the device, the installation situation and the usage situation. Since the band can be changed and sound waves in the sound range of noise can be efficiently absorbed, a low-noise air conditioner can be obtained. (2) Since the sound absorbing layer is lightweight, the weight of the air conditioner does not increase. (3) Since the sound absorbing layer is a thin layer, the air conditioner does not become large.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of an air conditioner of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a sound absorbing layer of the air conditioner.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an ENC fluid composition according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode of the ENC fluid composition when the power is turned off.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode of the ENC fluid composition when the power is turned on.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating vibration of one electrode in the sound absorbing layer used in the embodiment of the air conditioner of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a resonance mode in the sound absorbing layer.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing another resonance mode in the sound absorbing layer.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement form of EA particles in the sound absorbing layer.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of measuring the effect of electric field strength on EA characteristics of an EA particle dispersion system.

FIG. 11 is an equivalent circuit of vibration in the same EA particle dispersion system.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of an air conditioner.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a ... compressor, 1b ... accumulator, 5 ... air conditioner, 6 ... sound absorbing layer, 7 ... electrode plate, 8 ... electrode plate, 10 ... EN
C fluid composition, 11 ... Electrically insulating medium, 12 ... EA particles, 20 ... Voltage application adjusting means.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Kazuya Edamura 2-6-15 Shiba Park, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hidenobu Anzai 1-5 Kiba, Koto-ku, Tokyo No. 1 Fujikura Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasufumi Otsubo 9-21-1 Konakadai, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 206

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An air conditioner comprising a compressor and an accumulator, wherein a sound absorbing layer is provided around the outer periphery of the compressor and the accumulator, and the sound absorbing layer comprises a pair of opposing electrode plates and a pair of the pair of opposing electrode plates. And a voltage composition is applied between the pair of electrode plates and an electro-sensitive fluid absorption control fluid composition containing solid particles having an electric field array effect in an electrically insulating medium. And an voltage application adjusting means for adjusting the voltage.