JPH08126239A - Armature of rotating machine and winding method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an armature of a rotating machine which can prevent drop of output torque per volume and the efficiency even if the torque velocity characteristic due to the change in the number of armature conductors within the slot may be changed easily. CONSTITUTION: A first slot S1 and a second slot S2 respectively accommodating different numbers of armature conductors 20 are arranged in the predetermined sequence in the circumferential direction at the internal circumferential surface of the armature iron core 1 and thereby the torque velocity characteristic can be changed without changing the diameter of the armature iron core 1 and the number of slots and thereby minimizing the change of the shape of the rotating machine and the shapes of the parts of the rotating machine. Moreover, since the sectional areas of the slots can be changed in such a direction that the occupation efficiencies of the slots S1 and S2 become equal in accordance with the number of armature conductors 20 accommodated in the slots S1 and S2, drop of output (or torque) performance per volume (or weight) of the rotating machine due to the modification can be prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an armature of a rotary electric machine and a method of winding the same, and more particularly to improvement of a technique for accommodating an armature conductor in its slot.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when changing the performance with the same specifications and physique, it is general to change the number of coil turns and the number of slot conductors. For example, if the two-turn winding (number of slot conductors 4) shown in FIG. 13A is to have high torque and low rotation performance, the three-turn winding (number of slot conductors 6) shown in FIG. Good. In this case, the coil torque is 1.5 times. To make further changes, design the slot cross section in advance according to the maximum number of armature conductors in the slot, and reduce the number of armature conductors in some slots to change the performance. (See Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-153578).

[0003]

However, when the torque speed characteristic is changed by changing the number of armature conductors of the plurality of slot groups (reducing from the maximum number), the armature of a small number is provided. There has been a problem that the armature conductor space factor (hereinafter, simply referred to as space factor) of the slot accommodating the conductor is reduced, resulting in a reduction in output per physique.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in output torque per physique even though it is easy to change the torque speed characteristic by changing the number of armature conductors in a slot. The object is to provide an armature for a rotating electric machine.

[0005]

The first structure of the present invention is as follows.
First housing for accommodating a different number of armature conductors, respectively
In an armature of a rotary electric machine in which a slot and a second slot are arranged in a predetermined order to form a coil part having a large number of turns and a coil part having a small number of turns, the both slots are matched with the number of armature conductors to be accommodated. It has a different cross-sectional area in the direction in which the space factor of each slot becomes equal.

A second structure of the present invention is further characterized in that, in the first structure, both slots have substantially equal space factors. The third structure of the present invention is further characterized in that, in the first or second structure, the circumferential magnetic path widths of the teeth between the respective slots are substantially equal. A fourth structure of the present invention is to accommodate a different number of armature conductors individually in a first slot and a second slot arranged in a predetermined order in a circumferential direction of an armature core, and to coil a large number of turns. In the winding method of the armature of the rotating electric machine, the winding operation of the final armature conductor in each of the slots is performed by forming the coil portion having a small number of turns. The method for winding an armature of a rotating electric machine is performed after the winding operation is completed.

[0007]

According to the first structure of the present invention,
First housing for accommodating a different number of armature conductors, respectively
The slots and the second slots are circumferentially arranged in a predetermined order on the inner peripheral surface of the armature core, so that the armature coil is composed of a coil portion having a large number of turns and a coil portion having a small number of turns. By doing so, as in the conventional case, by controlling the number of turns (the number of turns) of both coil parts,
That is, it is possible to change the torque-speed characteristic without changing the diameter of the armature core and the number of slots by changing the ratio of both slots, and thus minimizing the changes in the physique and shape of each part of the rotating electric machine.

Particularly, in the first configuration, the slot cross-sectional area is changed in the direction in which the space factor of each slot becomes equal to the number of armature conductors (hereinafter, also simply referred to as conductors) accommodated in the slot. It is possible to prevent the output (or torque) performance per physique (or weight) of the rotating electric machine from being lowered by the above change. According to the second configuration of the present invention, since both slots have substantially the same space factor in the first configuration, the above-described operational effect is further improved.

According to the third structure of the present invention, in the first or second structure, the circumferential magnetic path widths of the teeth between the slots are substantially equal, so that the magnetic flux density of the teeth is substantially radial. Becomes uniform and avoids partial magnetic saturation,
It is possible to achieve the effect of improving efficiency. According to the fourth configuration of the present invention, when the number of accommodated conductors in the slot is changed as described in the first configuration or the conventional technique, the winding operation of the armature conductor immediately before the final conductor in each slot. After this, the final conductor is placed in each slot.

With this arrangement, the radial positions of the armature conductors on the outermost peripheral side at the end of winding become substantially the same, and as a result, the coil end portion can be prevented from bulging outward in the radial direction, and the coil end can be prevented. The shaping operation of the part is facilitated or can be omitted. More specifically, for example, when the conductors of all the slots are started to be wound at the same time, when the conductor is wound on the outermost circumference of the minority conductor accommodating slot, the Nth conductor accommodating slot (determined by the difference in the number of conductors of the two slots). The conductor will be wound. Therefore, the coil end portion of the conductor wound subsequently in the multi-conductor receiving slot is
Roughly considering, it is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the coil end portion of the outermost peripheral conductor of the minority conductor accommodating slot, and it inevitably bulges radially outward. This problem is well solved by this winding method.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An example of an armature for a rotary electric machine and a winding method thereof according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG.
Fig. 2 shows an example of an armature cross section of the starter motor, and Fig. 2 shows its winding diagram. The armature (armature) 1 has teeth 11 that protrude substantially radially, slots 12 formed between the teeth 11, and armature conductors (conductors) 20 housed in the slots 12. Slot 12 is 21
In this case, three slots 12 adjacent to each other are set as one set of slots 13, and a total of seven sets of slots 13 are arranged. Each slot set 1
Reference numeral 3 denotes a central 4-slot (first slot in the present invention) S1 and left and right 5-slots (second slot in the present invention) S2.
One armature conductor 20 is accommodated in the slot S2, and four armature conductors 20 are accommodated in the slot S2.

As shown in FIG. 2, each armature conductor 20 in the slot 12 has one forward conductor and one return conductor which are connected at the coil end portion to form one turn of the armature coil 2. Two one-turn armature coils 2 are continuously wound around the same slot pair to form a two-turn armature coil. Similarly, three one-turn armature coils 2 are formed in the same slot pair. The three-turn armature coil 2 is formed by continuous winding. Therefore, in FIG. 2, the armature coil 2 has 3 turns, 2 turns, and 2 turns for each slot 12.
It is wound by changing sequentially with the turn. More specifically, the outermost conductor 2 accommodated in one of the two 5-slots S2 of each set becomes the outward conductor, and the two 5
Outermost conductor 2 accommodated in the other of book-entry slot S2
0 serves as a return conductor, and a pair of the forward conductor and the return conductor form a third turn of the armature coil 2 having three turns. More specifically, in FIG. 2, the first, fourth, seventh, tenth, thirteenth, sixteenth, and nineteenth slots 12 accommodate three forward conductors and two return conductors, and a second one. The fifth, eighth, eleventh, fourteenth, seventeenth, and twentieth slots 12 accommodate two forward conductors and two return conductors, and the third, sixth, ninth, twelfth, fifteenth , 18th, 2nd
The first slot 12 accommodates two outgoing conductors and three return conductors, and the three outgoing conductors of the first slot 12 are the sixth conductors.
The three-turn armature coil 2 is formed together with the three return conductors of the thirteenth slot 12, and both ends of the three-turn armature coil 2 are individually connected to the first and eleventh commi-segments 4, Both ends of the other armature coils 2 are sequentially and individually connected to different comma segments 4.

The teeth 11 are arranged in a substantially radial manner so that the magnetic path width in the circumferential direction is substantially constant.
The magnetic path widths of the teeth 11 in the circumferential direction are equal to each other. Further, the 5-piece slot S2 is formed in an inverted triangular shape whose width in the circumferential direction gradually expands from the inner circumference side to the outer circumference side, and the 4-piece slot S1 has a substantially radial circumferential groove width. It has been extended radially.
Further, the space factors of the slots S1 and S2 are designed to be substantially equal.

Next, the armature winding method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The feature of this winding method is that the first turn of the three-turn armature coil 2 is wound inside the slot S2 prior to the first turn of the two-turn armature coil 2. In point. As shown in FIG. 11 or FIG. 12, in this embodiment, the winding work is performed using a nozzle type winding machine. That is, as is well known in the nozzle type winding machine, the winding nozzles 102 or 103 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the slots 12 facing the openings on the outer peripheral side of each slot 12. The nozzles 102 or 103 are partly operated at the same time for winding, and a total of 21 armature coils 2 are inserted and wound in the 21 slots 12. However, in this example,
Since 7 of these 21 armature coils 2 have 3 turns, the 7 nozzles 103 are for 3 turns as shown in FIG. 11 or 12, and the remaining 14 nozzles 10
2 is for 2 turns. In FIG. 11, the three-turn winding nozzle 103 is assumed to be disposed facing the first, fourth, seventh, tenth, thirteenth, sixteenth, and nineteenth slots 12, and the remaining slots are It can be operated separately from the two-winding nozzle 102 that is disposed so as to face it, and can be operated separately especially in the initial stage of winding.

The details of the winding process will be described below with reference to the process diagrams of FIGS. First, in FIG. 3, the coil 2 is pulled out from the nozzles 102 and 103 to the chuck portions 101 and 101 ′ that grip the end portions of the coil 3.
From this state, the nozzle 103 retracts in the outer diameter direction of the core 1. When the nozzle 103 retracts, the state shown in FIG.
The coil 23 is pulled out obliquely from the nozzle 103. Next, when the nozzle 103 advances and the core 1 rises,
The coil 23 to be turned is inserted into the slot 121 from the outer periphery of the core 1 and the slot opening. At this time,
The nozzle 102 rises in synchronization with the core 1, and the coil 22 is not inserted into the slot.

When the coil 23 is inserted into the slot 121, the state shown in FIG. 5 is obtained. Then, the core 1 is rotated by a predetermined angle so that the coil 23 comes in front of the opening of the predetermined slot 126. At this time, the nozzle 102 is still raised, and the coil 22 to be the two-turn coil does not need to be in the slot. When the core 1 rotates, the state shown in FIG. 6 is obtained, and the coil 23 is twisted by the amount of rotation of the core 1 to form the coil end portion 23 a of the coil 23.

Next, the nozzle 103 retreats again in the outer peripheral direction of the core 1 and the coil 23 is pulled out for a long time, resulting in the state shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 7, as the nozzle 103 advances, the core 1 descends, and the coil 23 is inserted into the slot 126. At this time, the nozzle 102 descends in the same manner as the core 1 descends.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the core 1 is rotated (reversed) by the same angle in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation shown in FIGS.
Return to the position before. At this time, the nozzle 102 also returns to the position before the first predetermined slot. This is 3 turn coil 2
The winding of the first turn of 3 is completed, and then the second turn of the 3-turn coil and the first turn of the 2-turn coil are wound.

From the state shown in FIG. 9, the nozzles 102 and 103 are retracted to the state shown in FIG. 10 (a), the core 1 is then raised, and the nozzles 103 and 102 are moved forward.
The state of (b) is obtained. Then, the second turn of the 3-turn core and the first turn of the 2-turn coil are inserted into the predetermined slots. After that, the winding is performed in the same manner as the conventional winding with only the two-turn coil. As described above, in this embodiment, in the armature in which different numbers of conductors are inserted in the slots 12, the teeth 11 are parallel teeth (the teeth 11 are arranged in a substantially radial direction with a constant circumferential width). Since the space factor is made equal according to the number of the armature conductors 2 that accommodate the cross-sectional area of the slot 12, the magnetic path area of the tooth 11 can be effectively increased, and the motor having high efficiency and high output can be obtained. Can be realized.

Further, the first turn of the 3-turn coil is changed to 2
Since it was inserted before the turn coil (behind the slot),
The coil end can be easily processed, and the height of the coil end can be kept low as well as the number of processing steps is reduced. Further, the three-turn coil 23 and the two-turn coil 22 are finished winding at the same time, and the coil end processing such as connection to the commuter can be performed in exactly the same way as the conventional two-turn coil only processing, which has the effect of reducing the number of processing steps.

Further, the nozzles 102 and 103 described above are used.
A supplementary description will be given of the movement of the chucks 101 and 101 '. The nozzle 103 for three turns and the nozzle 102 for two turns are designed to operate separately as described above. In FIG. 3, the chuck parts 101, 101 ′ for gripping the ends of the coil 2 from the nozzles 102, 103. The coil 2 is pulled out to the end, but the chuck part 10 for two turns is used.
Similarly to the nozzle 102, 1'is a chuck unit 1 for three turns.
01 is configured to operate separately. That is, when the nozzle 103 moves forward to approach the core 1 from the state of FIG.
2 so as not to insert 2 into the slot 121.
No. 2 rises along with the rise of the core 1 along with the coil 22 and the chuck 101 '. Thus, the coil 22 does not get in the way when the first turn of the 3-turn coil 23 is inserted into the slot 121.

After the second turn of the 3-turn coil 23, that is, the first turn of the 2-turn coil 22, the nozzle 10 is turned on.
The operation is the same as that of Nos. 2 and 103, and the chuck portion 101 ′ is located at the same height as the chuck portion 101. In addition,
In the above-mentioned embodiment, 21 slots, 14 coils of 2 turns and 7 coils of 3 turns are used, but other combinations such as 1 turn coil 18 for the same 21 slots.
Of course, the number of the coils may be two, the number of coils may be three, the number of slots may be different, and it is natural that various combinations can be adopted as the modified modes.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of an armature of a rotating electric machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a winding diagram of the armature of FIG.

3 is a winding process diagram showing each winding step of the armature of FIG. 1. FIG.

4 is a winding process diagram showing each winding stage of the armature of FIG. 1. FIG.

5 is a winding process diagram showing each winding step of the armature shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

6 is a winding process diagram showing each winding step of the armature of FIG. 1. FIG.

7 is a winding process diagram showing each winding step of the armature of FIG. 1. FIG.

8 is a winding process diagram showing each winding step of the armature of FIG. 1. FIG.

9 is a winding process diagram showing each winding step of the armature of FIG. 1. FIG.

10 is a winding process diagram showing each winding step of the armature shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing the arrangement of the nozzles in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing the arrangement of each nozzle in FIG.

13A and 13B are cross-sectional views showing an example of an armature of a conventional rotary electric machine, in which FIG. 13A shows two-turn winding and FIG. 13B shows three-turn winding.

[Description of Reference Signs] 1 is an armature core (armature core), 2 is an armature coil, 1
1 is teeth, 12 is a slot, 20 is an armature conductor, S
1 is the first slot and S2 is the second slot.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A rotary electric machine in which a first slot and a second slot for accommodating different numbers of armature conductors are arranged in a predetermined order to form a coil portion having a large number of turns and a coil portion having a small number of turns. The armature for a rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the slots have different cross-sectional areas in a direction in which the space factors of the slots are equal to each other in accordance with the number of armature conductors to be accommodated. 2. The armature for a rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the slots have substantially equal space factors. 3. The armature for a rotary electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the teeth have a magnetic path width in the circumferential direction which is substantially equal between the slots. 4. A coil part having a large number of turns and a small number of turns, each of which accommodates a different number of armature conductors in a first slot and a second slot arranged in a predetermined order in the circumferential direction of the armature core. In the winding method of the armature of the rotating electric machine, the winding operation of the final armature conductor in each slot is performed by winding the previous armature conductor in each slot. A method for winding an armature of a rotating electric machine, the method being carried out after the above.