JPH07143697A - Three-phase armature winding - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the occurrence of leakage reactances by arranging single- layer coils on a larger-coil-pitch side and two-layer coils on a smaller-coil-pitch side in a concentrically wound coil in which the winding of each pole and each phase is composed of a single-layer coil and two-layer coil and which has the maximum coil pitch of 100%. CONSTITUTION:Coils U11 which are provided from a slot 1 to another slot 12 at a coil pitch 11 are housed in the slots in the state of single layers and coils U12 covering from a slot 2 to another slot 10 at a coil pitch 9 and coils U13 covering from a slot 3 to another slot 9 at a coil pitch 7 are housed in the slots in the state of two layers together with different phases of coils. The coil of other poles and other phases are similarly provided. These coils are arranged so that the U-phase coils U1-U4 can be positioned at the outermost position of an armature iron core and the V-phase coils V1-V4 and W-phase coils W1-W4 being successively arranged inward. Therefore, the coil arrangement of each pole and each phase of winding is the same as that of a lap winding by about 80% in each slot.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an integer slot winding three-phase armature winding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Concentric winding is one of winding methods for three-phase armature windings. In this method, the winding of each pole of each phase is composed of a plurality of concentric winding coils having different coil pitches,
These are arranged concentrically with respect to the pole center. This method is widely used because it is easy to insert a coil using an automatic insertion machine and has excellent productivity.

[0003]

However, there are the following problems. (1) Since the coil pitch is large, the leak reactance is large as compared with the short winding winding. Further, since the coil end length is longer than that of the lap winding, the winding resistance and the coil end leakage reactance are large, the torque characteristics are lower than those of the lap winding, and the loss is also increased. (2) Since it is a single-layer winding in which one coil is housed in one slot, coil insertability deteriorates in models with a large coil volume, and coil end molding becomes difficult and the axial dimension becomes long. It may cause damage to the coil surface. Therefore, it is necessary to make the insulator thick enough to withstand the coil end molding process. An object of the present invention is to provide a three-phase armature winding having coil insertability equivalent to that of a single-layer concentric winding, excellent productivity, and excellent electrical characteristics equivalent to those of a lap winding.

[0004]

The armature winding of the present invention comprises:
The winding of each pole and each phase is a concentric winding coil with a maximum coil pitch of 100% or less, which is a combination of a single-layer coil and a double-layer coil. The single-layer coil is arranged in the larger pitch, and the double-layer coil is It is arranged such that the coil pitch is smaller. Alternatively, the coil having the largest coil pitch is a two-layer coil, and a single-layer coil and a two-layer coil are arranged in that order inside the coil, and the coil is inserted into the slot three times for each phase. To do.

[0005]

With the above-mentioned structure, the windings of each phase and each phase have the same coil arrangement in the slots as the lap winding of about 80%, and the leakage reactance is reduced. Further, in the% pitch of around 80%, the harmonic component of the air gap magnetic flux becomes the smallest, the torque characteristic is not deteriorated by the harmonic magnetic flux, and various electrical characteristics are significantly improved.

Since the coil is concentric, the coil insertion work can be easily automated, and since the coil is partially concentrically wound in two layers, the coil is not concentrated and the coil circumference is shortened, and coil end molding is also easy. Becomes In addition, the number of insertions is three, which is the number of phases, and the time required for manufacturing is shortened.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A case of 4 poles and 48 slots will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a coil development view, and FIG. 2 shows a coil arrangement in a slot. Numbers 1 to 48 in the figure are slot numbers, U1 to U4 are U-phase first to fourth pole windings, and V1.
To V4 are V-phase first to fourth pole windings, and W1 to W4 are W
3 shows the first to fourth pole windings of a phase.

Each pole and phase winding has three coils (U1
In the case of, it is composed of U11 to U13). This U
Reference numeral 11 denotes a coil having a coil pitch 11 extending from the slot 1 to the slot 12 and accommodated in the slot in a single phase. U
Reference numeral 12 denotes a coil having a coil pitch of 9 extending from the slot 2 to slot 10, U13 denotes a coil having a coil pitch of 7 extending from the slot 3 to the slot 9, and the coil having two different phases is housed in the slot. The same applies to the other poles and other phases, and the description thereof will be omitted.

These coils are U-phase four coils (U1 to U1).
U4) is arranged so as to be located on the outermost periphery of the armature core, V1 to V4 are placed next, and W1 to W4 are finally placed.
As a result, as for the coil arrangement in the slot, as shown in FIG. 2, the coil having the largest concentric winding pitch is housed in the slot as a single layer (U11 coil if indicated by U phase) and the other coil (U phase). , U12 and U13 coils) are housed in two layers with coils of different phases. The arrangement of this coil is the same as the overlap winding of 83.3% pitch except the upper and lower positions in the slot.

The coil arrangement in the slot is the same except for the 83.3% pitch lap winding and the upper and lower sides of the coil in the slot. Leakage reactance is reduced and torque characteristics as well as efficiency and power factor are greatly improved. It will be. In addition, the fifth and seventh air gap magnetic flux harmonic magnetomotive force components are reduced by 20 to 30%,
Stray torque and stray loss are reduced.

Regarding the insertability of the coil, even the largest coil pitch is 100% or less, all the coils of the same phase can be inserted at once, and all the coils can be accommodated by inserting three times. Also, in the conventional concentric winding, the coil for one pole is a single layer 2 coil, so it was necessary to make the coil circumference longer at the coil end than the lap winding, but in this method it is divided into 3 coils. Therefore, the coil ends are less concentrated than the single-layer concentric winding, and the coil circumference can be shortened. As a result, coil resistance and coil end leakage reactance can be reduced, and torque characteristics and efficiency can be improved.

In the present embodiment, the efficiency and power factor are improved by reducing the leakage reactance, the resistance and the air gap harmonic magnetic flux. Further, the maximum torque and the pull-up torque are improved by the reduction of the stray torque and the leakage reactance, and the acceleration characteristics of the motor are improved. Further, the stray loss on the rotor surface is also reduced due to the reduction of the air gap harmonic magnetic flux.

From the viewpoint of coil insertion, the reduction of the amount of copper at the coil end facilitates coil end molding. (Other Embodiments) The above embodiment has been described with four poles, but with six poles and seven poles.
The two slots are exactly the same.

The 4-pole, 60-slot, and the 6-pole, 90-slot are coils for which one pole pair is accommodated in a single layer only in the outermost circumference of the coil of each pole and phase, as shown in FIG. By using a concentric coil that is housed in two layers, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

Further, the case of 4 poles 72 slots and 6 poles 108 slots will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a developed view of a coil for one pole, and FIG. 5 is a layout view of coils in a slot for one pole. As shown in FIG. 4, a one-pole one-phase coil is a coil in which three coils with a small pitch are housed in two layers with different phases, a coil housed in a single layer outside the coil, and a coil in the same phase and two layers outside the coil. The coil is placed in. In this case, the coil arrangement in the slot is the same as the lap winding of 83.3% pitch as shown in FIG. 5, and the characteristics are significantly improved as compared with the single layer concentric winding. Similar to the first embodiment, the coil insertion has a short coil end circumferential length and can reduce the amount of copper, so that the molding is easy.

In the case of 4-pole 72-slot and 6-pole 108-slot, the outermost coil of the previous embodiment is not a two-layer concentric winding in which the coils of the same phase are housed, but slot numbers 1 and 1 in FIG. It is also possible to form a single-layer coil such as 7, 13, 19 or the like, and concentrate the coil in one pole as shown in FIG. That is, by alternately arranging poles in which three two-layer coils are arranged inside two single-layer coils and poles in which three two-layer coils are arranged inside one single-layer coil Is also feasible.

[0017]

As described above, in the armature winding of the present invention, the coil arrangement in the slot is the same as in the lap winding of about 80%. Will be greatly improved. Also, because it is a two-layer winding,
The amount of one coil per slot can be reduced, coil insertability is improved, coil molding is facilitated, and insulation failure on the coil surface is less likely to occur. Further, since the coils for one phase can be inserted at the same time, the number of insertions is only three, which is an excellent effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a winding development view of an embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a layout drawing of windings in a slot,

FIG. 3 is a winding development view of another embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 4 is a winding development view of another embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 5 is a layout view of windings in the slot of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a winding development view of another embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 7 is a layout drawing of windings in the slot of FIG. 6;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 to 48: slot number, U1 to U4: U phase coil, V1 to V4: V phase coil, W1 to W4: W phase coil, U11 to U13: coils constituting U1.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a three-phase armature winding of integer slot winding, the winding of each phase and each phase is a concentric winding coil composed of a combination of a single-layer coil and a two-layer coil and having a maximum coil pitch of 100% or less, A single-layer coil arranged in a larger coil pitch and a two-layer coil arranged in a smaller coil pitch are provided, and these coils are inserted into a slot by dividing into three times for each phase. A three-phase armature winding, which is a concentric winding coil in which single layers are combined. 2. The three-phase armature winding according to claim 1, wherein the difference in the number of coils between adjacent poles is one. 3. An integer slot winding three-phase armature winding, in which each phase winding of each phase is a concentric winding coil consisting of a combination of a single-layer coil and a double-layer coil and having a maximum coil pitch of 100% or less. The coil having the largest coil pitch is a two-layer coil, and a single-layer coil and a two-layer coil are arranged in that order inside the coil, and these coils are inserted into slots in three times for each phase. A three-phase armature winding, which is a concentric winding coil in which a single layer and a single layer are combined.