JPH08121086A - Concrete wall structure and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent a natural ground from being collapsed and protect a concrete wall by filling a macromolecular material or a filler material comprising inorganic materialmade foam particles in a cavity generated between the natural ground and the concrete wall which supports an earth pressure. CONSTITUTION: There is formed an injection hole 9 which is communicated with a cavity 6 on the rear side of a concrete wall 3 where foam particles 7 made of a large number of water insoluble macromolecular materials are poured thereinto from the injection hole riding on an air flow. Then, the foam particles 7 are deposited and filled up in the cavity 6, thereby closing the cavity 9. In this case, the foam particles 7 filled up in the cavity 6 are joined with each other so that they may be cured like foam picks-up. The foam particles 7 are coated with moisture curing type resin preliminarily while they are being cured, thereby bonding particles, such as a cement material on surrounding areas and spraying water during the injection time of the foam particles 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to a concrete wall structure,
The present invention relates to a cavity filling method, a filling material, and an injection device used therein. For more details, fill the cavities between concrete walls such as tunnel lining concrete and earth retaining walls (youheki) or concrete walls such as seawalls and the ground behind them (jiyama) to prevent the collapse of the ground. Technology for preventing and protecting concrete walls.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Concrete tunnels, especially those constructed by the reverse winding method, tend to have cavities between the lining concrete and the ground even during construction. When a cavity is created, as shown in FIG. 11, the cavity E slips (earth and sand).
Filling with 101 or filling with fiber materials (plants such as ferns) causes the ground 102 to drop (arrow Z in FIG. 12).
And the lining concrete 103 is protected. However, the fibrous material is likely to be lost due to decay, etc., and the soil content of Zuri is washed away by the spring water from the natural ground, so a cavity is generated again. Even after the construction, the ground may be eroded by the water supply (mizumichi) part of the spring water and a new cavity may be generated. Such a cavity E also occurs in the earth retaining wall 104 and the revetment wall 105 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.

Thus, a cavity E is formed behind the concrete wall.
As shown in FIG. 12, the lining concrete 1
No. 03 receives a partial pressure from the natural ground 102, and a crack 106 is generated. As a result, water leaks 107 to the inner surface of the tunnel, deteriorating the lining concrete 103, or the inner surface of the lining concrete 103 gets wet to reduce the lighting effect, which becomes an obstacle to traffic vehicles and pedestrians. In the case of the reverse-rolling concrete construction method, when cement concrete is placed by a pump, the fluidity of the cement concrete is high, so it is washed away on the side, and at the top of the crown, the dimensions are partially insufficient for the designed thickness. Portion 108 may have occurred. Water such as water 109 and cracks 106 are likely to occur at such a portion, and there is a risk that the lining concrete 103 may fall out due to a drop (arrow Z).

As a method of filling these cavities, a method of filling the cavities with grout of cement mortar (particularly air mortar having a high fluidity) in addition to the ferns and slits is adopted. In this method, mortar cement with high fluidity is sequentially injected into the cavity and filled,
Although it is intended to be hardened, the residual amount at the crown top portion which is expected due to the high fluidity is small, and
As indicated by the arrow Y, it easily flows down to the side. Therefore, rather than filling, as a result, the lining concrete 103
It's just a cement paste lining on the back. In addition, when there is a large amount of spring water from the natural ground, the water supply part is washed away before the hardening, and the water retention part is separated to leave a partial cavity 110. Therefore, the repair effect by injection and filling is not sufficient.

As a method for improving the above-mentioned method using cement mortar, a method has been proposed in which grout of plastic cement mortar having plasticity and hydrophobicity is filled. However, even in this case, the initial purpose cannot be achieved because the grout is washed away in the place where the spring water exists. Further, in actual construction, as a result of obtaining the fluidity, the amount of blended water is often increased, so that the plasticity is impaired and only the same effect as the above-mentioned construction method can be obtained.

In order to deal with such a problem, recently, a method of injecting a urethane resin foaming material stock solution into the cavity and filling the same while foaming in the cavity (see FIG. 14). According to this method, the corners of the cavity are sufficiently filled, and since the filler 111 is insoluble in water, it will not be washed away by spring water, and is therefore more effective than the above method. However, there is a problem in that it is difficult to control the injection amount of the foam material and the target expansion amount, and the cost is high.
That is, a large number of injection ports 112 are provided from the central portion of the lining tunnel toward both sides, and then the foam material is sequentially injected from the lower portion and filled while foaming, but since it is difficult to measure the cavity in advance, It is difficult to estimate the filling amount of the foam material in advance, and it is also difficult to control the construction of the target expansion amount. Further, since the crown top is the final injection / foaming filling point, the pressure due to foaming is applied when trying to completely fill. Therefore, if the thickness of the lining concrete in this portion is thin, there is a risk of the lining concrete falling off. Further, even if the vent hole (hole) 113 for the foam material is provided and the pressure is reduced, the effect of the pressure reduction is actually difficult to manage because the viscosity increases and cures in the vent path.

On the other hand, when filling the cavity at the back of the tunnel, depending on the soil and rock conditions, there may be cases where a water supply is secured and where spring water is blocked. Although the urethane resin does not flow into water and is not corroded, it does not permeate water, so it cannot be used as a method for securing water supply. That is, in the above method, the water supply of the spring water changes as shown in FIG. 15 over a long period of time, and the water supply 114 moves to, for example, the boundary surface between the injection / foam solidified material and the natural ground. Then, at that position, the erosion / runoff of the scratched portion of the natural ground is newly started, and the cavity 115 is newly generated. Therefore, the ground 102 becomes unstable.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the problems in the cavity filling method in which cement mortar (air mortar) or plastic cement is injected, and the apex can be sufficiently filled. Technology to provide a concrete wall structure and its cavity filling method (manufacturing method of concrete wall structure) that does not flow out or separate due to spring water and is easy to control the injection amount and expansion amount during construction This is an issue. Further, the present invention is
A concrete wall structure and a method of filling the cavity of the concrete wall that can sufficiently block the spring water by securing the water supply without changing the water supply of the spring water from the ground, or by making a secondary injection ( Manufacturing method of concrete wall structure)
It is a technical task to provide

[0009]

A concrete wall structure of the present invention is a concrete wall for supporting earth pressure of a natural ground, and a filling material filled in a cavity formed between the concrete wall and the rear ground. And is characterized in that the filler is composed of a large number of water-insoluble foam particles. The foam particles can be produced by crushing or granulating a foam made of a polymer material or an inorganic material.

In such a structure, it is preferable that a group of the foam particles filled in the cavity is solidified into an acorn by joining adjacent foam particles to each other. Further, a water impermeable layer may be formed on the back surface of the concrete wall, and a gap between the groups of foam particles filled in the cavity is filled with a cement-based or synthetic resin-based injecting material. You may Such infusion material may be one that foams after injection.

According to the filling method of the present invention, an injection port communicating with a cavity on the back side of a concrete wall is formed, and a large number of water-insoluble polymer material foam particles are placed in the air flow from the injection port. It is characterized by pouring, depositing and filling foam particles in the cavity, and then closing the injection port.
In that case, the foam particles can be manufactured by crushing or granulating from a foam material made of a polymer material or an inorganic material. Further, it is preferable that the foam particles filled in the cavities are bonded to each other and solidified in the form of argentine. For such joining and solidification, the foam particles are coated with a moisture-curable resin in advance, and the cement-based or resin-based powder is attached to the periphery of the foam particles, and water is injected at the same time when the foam particles are injected. This can be done by spraying, or by spraying the bonding agent at the same time when the foam particles are poured into the cavity. If a moisture-curable resin is used as the bonding agent, curing can be initiated by the moisture added by spraying when the foam particles are injected or the moisture in the air.

Before or at the time of injecting the foam particles, a mixed powder of cement and superabsorbent resin powder is sprinkled in the cavity, and the mixed powder and moisture are applied to the rear surface of the concrete wall. It is preferable to form an impermeable layer. In addition, if you want to sufficiently block the spring water due to soil and rock quality, after pouring the foam particles, a secondary injection of a cement-based or synthetic resin-based injection material, especially an injection material that foams after injection, It is preferred to fill 60-98% of the voids of the foam granules.

The filler of the present invention comprises a foam particle, a moisture-curable resin layer coated on the surface of the foam grain, a cement adhered on the moisture-curable resin layer by utilizing its adhesiveness, and It is composed of a mixed powder of water absorbent resin powder.
The injection device of the present invention comprises an injection pipe for injecting foam particles, and a compressed air supply pipe connected in the injection pipe so as to generate a high-speed air flow.
In such an apparatus, it is preferable that a liquid supply pipe for supplying liquid in a mist state is connected to the compressed air supply pipe.

[0014]

In the concrete wall structure of the present invention, since light foam particles are used as the filler, it can be placed on the flow of a fluid such as air to be deposited and filled in every corner of the cavity. That is, unlike the cement mortar, it does not flow into a low place and can be sent upward by the blowing pressure, so that it can be sufficiently deposited up to the top of the crown. In addition, since it is insoluble in water, it does not corrode and is not washed away by spring water after construction. Further, since the spring water flows through the gaps between the foam particles, it does not block the water supply until then, unlike the conventional urethane foam that is foamed in the cavity, and keeps it as it is. Therefore, no new cavity is created. Further, since the particles are foamed in advance, they do not expand and generate pressure during construction. Therefore, construction management such as management of the filling amount is easy.

When the foam particles filled in the cavities are bonded to each other and solidified in the form of sardine, the runoff can be further prevented and the ground can be more surely prevented from falling. It is possible to solidify the foam particles to be filled with the bonding agent in advance, or by spraying the bonding agent at the same time when the foam particles are poured into the cavity, to solidify the foam particles. If the binder is a moisture-curable resin, the moisture added by spraying when pouring the foam particles,
Alternatively, since the curing starts due to the moisture existing in the air, the repair work can be performed easily and efficiently. By forming an impermeable layer on the surface of the concrete wall, the concrete wall can be protected more reliably. When the powder mixture of cement and super absorbent resin powder is sprayed into the cavity before or during the injection of foam particles, the powder mixture and moisture easily form an impermeable layer on the surface of the concrete wall. be able to. Also, if you want to sufficiently block the spring water due to soil or rock, after injecting the foam particles, secondarily inject a cement-based or synthetic resin-based injection material to 60-98% of the voids of the foam particles. It is only necessary to fill the spring with water, so that the spring water can be blocked more reliably. Also in that case,
Even if conventional urethane foam is used, the amount used is small. Further, the injection amount and expansion amount of the secondary injection material can be predicted in advance based on the filling amount of the foam particles, and the construction can be easily managed.

The cavity filling material of the present invention comprises foam particles, a moisture-curable resin layer coated on the surface thereof, and a mixed powder of cement and superabsorbent resin powder adhered to the periphery thereof. Therefore, the voids can be easily filled with the air flow, and after filling, the moisture-curable resin layers are bonded to each other by the moisture in the air, and the whole becomes a fluffy shape. Moreover, since it does not foam inside, the concrete wall is not pressed. Furthermore, since the mixed powder of cement and superabsorbent resin powder is attached to the moisture-curable resin layer by utilizing its adhesiveness, the foam particles are easily separated from each other. Moreover, when filling the inside of the cavity, the cement and the super absorbent polymer powder fall onto the surface of the concrete wall, forming an impermeable layer on the surface. Therefore, the concrete wall is surely protected.

In the foam granule injecting device of the present invention, the compressed air can be supplied from the compressed air supply pipe into the injection pipe, and the compressed air can be placed on the flow to efficiently supply the foam granules.
When the liquid supply pipe for supplying the liquid in a mist state is connected to the compressed air supply pipe, a mist of water is simultaneously sent into the injection pipe at the time of supplying the foam particles, or a moisture curing type. The resin can be efficiently supplied in a mist state.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, referring to the drawings, the wall structure of the present invention,
The filling method, the filling material, and the injection device will be described. 1a and 1b are respectively a transverse sectional view of a tunnel showing an embodiment of the concrete wall structure of the present invention and an enlarged view of its portion A, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are respectively an embodiment of an injection step in the filling method of the present invention. 4 is a side view and a front view showing FIG.
Is a front view showing an embodiment of the injection device of the present invention, FIGS. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views schematically showing an embodiment of the filling material according to the present invention, and a cross-sectional view schematically showing the storing method thereof,
6 and 7 are horizontal and vertical cross-sectional views of a tunnel showing an embodiment of a boring step in the filling method of the present invention, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are other embodiments of the concrete wall structure of the present invention. It is sectional drawing shown.

In FIG. 1a, reference numeral 1 is a lining tunnel (hereinafter, simply referred to as a tunnel), which is a floor surface 2 serving as a road and a U-shaped concrete wall (lining concrete) covering the floor surface 2. 3 and 3. A cavity 6 is formed between the upper surface of the crown top 4 of the concrete wall 3 and the ground 5. As shown in FIG. 1b, a large number of foam particles 7 are filled in the cavities 6, and the foam particles 7 are bonded to each other with a bonding agent, and are solidified as a sardine shape as a whole. An impermeable layer (impermeable layer) 8 is formed on the surface of the concrete wall 3 inside the cavity 6.

As the foam particles 7, in addition to polystyrene foam, synthetic resin foams such as polyurethane and polyethylene, or polymer foams such as rubber are used. Inorganic aggregates such as foam glass are foamed. It can also consist of the body. The expansion ratio is not particularly limited. The shape of the foam particles 7 may be spherical as shown in FIG. 4, or may be rectangular such as rectangular parallelepiped. Further, it may be an amorphous type obtained by crushing a foamed resin product such as Styrofoam. In that case, there is an advantage that resources can be saved as recycled products. The size of each foam particle 7 is usually about 5 to 30 mm in diameter or side, and preferably about 10 to 20 mm.

As a bonding agent for bonding the foam particles 7 to each other, a moisture-curable resin such as one-component polyurethane is preferable because it is easy to handle. However, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or the like which is cured by mixing two liquids may be used. In that case, one liquid may be coated on the foam particles 7 in advance and sprayed when the other liquid is injected into the cavity.

The water-impermeable layer 8 is preferably formed by adding water to a mixed powder of cement and a super absorbent resin described later to form a gel. The material of the impermeable layer 8 can be sprayed or sprayed at the same time when the foam particles 7 are injected, or can be injected in a state of being attached to the foam particles 7. But 7 foam particles
May be dispersed in the cavity 6 prior to the injection.

Next, an apparatus for injecting the foam particles 7 into the cavity 6 and related equipment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 shows a state in which such a cavity 6 is filled with the foam particles 7 through an injection port 9 formed in the crown top portion 4 in advance. The foam granules 7 are contained in large containers 10, and a truck 11 carries the containers 10 and advances in the direction of arrow F. A scaffold 12 is assembled on the front part of the bed of the truck 11, and an operator M holds and operates the injection device 13 on the scaffold 12. On the front side of the truck 11, another truck 16 loaded with an air compressor 14 and a water supply tank 15 is moving forward at the same speed. The air compressor 14 and the injection device 13 are connected by an air hose 17, and the water supply pump 15 and the injection device 13 are connected.
And are connected by a water supply hose 18.

The injection device 13, as shown in detail in FIG.
An injection pipe 20 which is passed through an injection port 9 formed in the concrete wall 3, an angle control valve 21 which is rotatably covered around the injection pipe 20, and a lower end of the injection pipe 20 to the inside of the container 10. And a suction hose (pipe) 22 that is installed. The opening 21a at the upper end of the angle control valve 21 is directed obliquely upward, and a lever 23 for allowing the operator to hold the hand in order to rotate the angle control valve 21 is provided at the lower part. Further, a fluid supply pipe 24 is connected to the injection pipe 20 obliquely downward. The lower end of the fluid connection pipe 24 is connected to the air compressor 14 by the air hose 17. Also, the fluid supply pipe 24
In the middle of, the outlet side of the water storage bottle 25 is connected, and a venturi nozzle 26 is provided at the connection portion so as to blow out a mist of water into the injection pipe 20 on the principle of mist blowing. The water supply hose 18 is at the rear end of the water injection bottle 25.
It is connected to the pump 27 of the water supply tank 15 through.

When the air compressor 14 and the water feed pump 15 are started in the injection device 13 having the above-described structure, compressed air is supplied to the injection pipe 20 through the fluid supply pipe 24. At that time, water is sucked from the water storage bottle 25, atomized into a mist, and supplied to the injection pipe 20 together with air. The water storage bottle 25 is replenished with water from the water supply tank 15 by the pump 27. The compressed air and mist-like water in the injection pipe 20 are further ejected from the opening 21a at the upper end of the angle control valve 21 to the outside and into the cavity 6 in FIG. Then, a negative pressure is generated in the suction hose 22 by the flow of the air, the foam particles 7 are sucked up, and are injected into the cavity 6 together with the compressed air and the mist-like water.

As shown in FIG. 4, the foam particles 7 used in the above-described embodiment are composed of a main body 30 formed of a foam synthetic resin such as expanded polystyrene, and a moisture-curable resin coated on the surface thereof. It is composed of a bonding agent layer 31 and a powder mixture 32 of cement and super absorbent polymer powder, which is attached around the bonding agent layer 31. In addition, in the container 10, FIG.
As shown in, it is preferable to store, in addition to the amount of adhesion to the bonding agent layer 31, an extra powder mixture 33 that does not adhere and exists in a mixed state with the foam particles 7. Such mixed powders 32 and 33 serve not only to form the impermeable gel layer 8 on the surface of the concrete wall 2 as described later, but also prevent the foam particles 7 from sticking to each other by the bonding agent 31. , Has the function of improving the flow of the foam particles 9 during suction. The extra mixed powder 33 is simultaneously sucked and injected when the foam particles 7 are sucked and injected into the cavity 6.
The main body 30 is the foam particle itself in FIGS. 1a and 1b, and can be formed from the same material as the above in the same shape.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8, the procedure for repairing the lining tunnel using the injection device 13 and the foam particles 7 will be described. This method is an example in which the filling method of the present invention is applied to repair a lining tunnel having a cavity behind it. First, a sonic probe or a core boring survey is performed to measure the thickness T of the concrete wall 2, the position and size of the rear cavity 6, and the like to create a situation diagram. Then, near the crown top 3 in the cavity range,
The inlet 9 is bored by core boring. In the tunnel longitudinal direction, as shown in FIG. 7, the injection port 9 is drilled at a pitch of about 5 to 19 m, particularly about 5 to 10 m, depending on the depth of the cavity 6. Further, in the transverse direction of the tunnel, in addition to the position from the crown top portion 3 described above, it is provided at one or two places on both sides thereof. Reference numeral 2a in FIGS. 6 to 7 is a spring line.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 2, the injection pipe 20 is inserted into the injection port 9 and the suction hose 22 is inserted into the container 10 of foam particles. The water storage bottle 25 is prepared by connecting the water supply hose 18 to the water supply tank 15 and connecting the air hose 17 to the air compressor 14. Then, as described above, when the air compressor 14 and the pump 27 are started and compressed air is sent, the compressed air is first humidified by the mist-like water ejected from the water storage bottle 25 and ejected into the injection pipe 20. As a result, the foam particles 7 are sucked and sent in the direction of the tip of the injection pipe 20, and ejected along with the air flow from the opening 21a at the tip. The spouted foam particles 7 have a low specific gravity and are blown forward by wind pressure to be deposited and filled in the cavity 6. Since the accumulated foam particles 7 are disjoint, even if blocking occurs between the bonding agents in the middle, the foam particles 7 are easily collapsed and moved to the corners or the upper part of the cavity when the blowing pressure is increased. Therefore, every corner is surely filled. The injection order is from the end in the order of 9a to 9e in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the operator M fills the opening 21a of the angle control valve (21 in FIG. 3) at the first inlet 9a while directing the opening 21a toward the rear and left and right. And the injection port 9b on the way
At 9d, the filling is performed mainly toward the rear, and at the last injection port 9e, the openings 21a are filled toward the front, the three sides of the left and right sides.

In the process, most of the mixed powder 32 sprinkled on the surface of the foam granules 7 and the mixed powder 33 sucked together with the foam granules 7 scatter, and the lower part, that is, the concrete wall 3 Deposit on top. Then, a moisture-impermeable gel layer (reference numeral 8 in FIG. 1b) is formed by moisture and water. This prevents water leakage from cracks in the concrete wall 3. On the other hand, the foam particles 7 react with the coated moisture-curable resin by the sprayed water or moisture in the air to start curing. Then, it gradually adheres and solidifies at each contact point, and becomes a sardine-like solid that maintains water permeability in the spaces between the grains.

After all the cavities 6 have been filled, the inlet 9
Will be closed with cement mortar, etc., and the construction will be completed. In this state, as shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, the cavities are filled with foam granules solidified in the form of argentine, and the surface of the concrete wall 2 is covered with the impermeable gel layer 8. The sardine-like solid obtained in this way is
Partial strength is not high, but when viewed as a whole filled,
It has sufficient pressure resistance to support the pressure of the ground. In addition, it will not be washed away by water leakage and will not corrode for a long time.
Moreover, since the water supply is maintained between each grain, there is no risk of forming new water supply and creating separate cavities.

In the above embodiment, the case where the cavity formed in the upper part of the lining tunnel is repaired has been described, but the wall structure and method of the present invention are not limited thereto, and for example, FIG.
It can also be adopted when repairing the cavity E formed on the back surface side of the concrete retaining wall 104 such as the road 40 shown in FIG. In this case, the cavity E is washed away by spring water or the like, so there is a water supply at that location. However, since water is secured in the gaps between the foam particles 7 to be filled, the spring water from the natural ground 43 passes through the filler and escapes from the water draining hole 44 of the retaining wall 104. Therefore, no new cavity is created. Further, the cave cavity E formed on the back surface of the concrete revetment wall 105 in FIG. 10 can also be repaired by the method of the present invention, and the same effect can be obtained.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, as the foam particles, the one in which the mixed powder 32 made of cement and the super absorbent resin powder shown in FIG. 4 is adhered is used, and the foam particles 7 are made hollow with the extra mixed powder 33. Although they are injected, it is also possible to adopt a foam particle in which the moisture hardening resin layer 31 is simply provided on the main body 30 without using the mixed powder thereof. In that case, the impermeable gel layer is not formed on the concrete wall. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the mist-like water is injected into the injection pipe, but it is also possible to use the moisture in the air as the curing initiator without ejecting the mist-like water.

If the mixed powders 32 and 33 are not used, the foam particles may stick to each other due to the moisture-curable resin, which may make it difficult to inhale by the air flow. Therefore, only the main body 30 of FIG. 4 may be used as the foam particles, and the moisture-curable resin may be separately sprayed in the form of mist when the foam particles are injected. In that case, for example, the water storage bottle 25, the water supply hose 18 and the water supply tank of FIG.
5) may be used as a resin bottle, a resin supply hose, and a resin tank, respectively. When the air compressor is started in this way and compressed air is sent to the injection pipe, the moisture-curable resin is first atomized and ejected into the injection pipe, riding on the flow of compressed air and sucking the foam particles. To be done.
Then, the foam particles pass through the mist of the moisture-curable resin. At that time, the surface of the foam particles is coated with the moisture-curable resin. The injected / filled foam particles react with the coated moisture-curable resin by the humidity in the air, and the particles are bonded to each other to form an awako-like solid. Then, the excess moisture-curable resin drops downward and fills the gaps between the foam particles or adheres to the surface of the concrete wall to form a water impermeable layer.

In any of the above-mentioned embodiments, water can be passed through the gaps between the foam particles while the voids are filled with the foam particles. However, when water permeability is not so necessary and it is better to make the entire foam particle group impermeable,
Alternatively, when high pressure resistance is required, an injection material may be filled after the injection of the foam particles or at the time of injection to fill the gap between the foam particles. As the injection material at that time, cement slurry, cement mortar, air mixed slurry / mortar, cement-based injection material such as the above-mentioned material having foamability, or resin-based injection material such as foaming urethane resin, and the above-mentioned material Examples of such materials include "plasticity". The construction method is, for example, about 60 to 98 voids of the injected foam particles after completing the injection step of the foam particles in the above-mentioned embodiment.
% Of the above injection material is additionally injected. By filling the voids between the foam particles in this way, the entire group of foam particles is solidified to form a solid impermeable layer on the lining concrete side and a water supply on the ground side. If the filling rate of the voids is smaller than that in the above case, water may be formed in the group of foam particles.

It is also possible to use only the main body 30 as the foam particles 7 in FIG. 4 and to inject the moisture-curable resin only with air without spraying. In that case, the impermeable layer is not formed, but the cavity can be filled without changing the water supply, and the construction is simplest. In this case as well, after the filling, the above-mentioned cement-based or synthetic resin-based injection material may be additionally filled by about 75 to 100% of the voids.

Further, as the additional injection material, a non-combustible foamed resin material can be adopted. In that case, even if the foam particles themselves are combustible, the injection material fills the gaps between them, so that there is an advantage that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a fire accident or the spread of fire.

[0037]

According to the concrete wall structure and the filling method of the present invention, the following effects can be achieved. Since water-insoluble foam particles are used as the filler, they do not corrode like ferns, and do not flow away with spring water like shavings. The air pressure can be surely filled in the upward direction. Also, because it has a low specific gravity, it can be easily transferred by wind pressure,
Moreover, even if it stays once, if you raise the air pressure and blow it in,
Since it is easily displaced and moved, it is possible to surely deposit and fill in the lateral direction as well as in the upper portion and the depression. No pressure is applied to the concrete wall unlike urethane foam that is foamed after filling or foam mortar that is foamed before filling. Therefore, construction management is easy. Depending on the soil and rock conditions at the back of the tunnel, the water supply (Michi)
In order to secure the above, it is completed only by filling the foam granules, and the gap is not filled with the injection material, or even if filled, it is not completely filled. In this case, since water can pass through the gaps, water can be secured even after construction. Even when it is solidified, it is water-like and water permeable before and after it. In the case of using a mixed powder of cement and super absorbent resin powder, in the case of spraying the moisture effect type resin when injecting the foam particles, a gel impermeable layer is formed on the back surface of the concrete wall, Water leakage through the concrete wall is prevented. Depending on the soil and rock conditions at the back of the tunnel, the spring water may be blocked, but in that case, after filling the foam particles, the secondary injection may be urethane foam, mortar, etc. to block water. In that case, the injection amount of the secondary injection can be easily predicted from the amount of the foam particles already filled, and the injection amount can be managed.

The filler of the present invention can be effectively used in the above filling method. The injection device of the present invention can efficiently perform the above method.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1a is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the concrete wall structure of the present invention, and FIG. 1b is an enlarged view of part A thereof.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a tunnel showing an embodiment of an injection step in the filling method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an embodiment of the injection device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the filler according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a method of storing a filler according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a tunnel showing an embodiment of a boring step in the repair method of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a tunnel showing an embodiment of a punching step in the filling method of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel showing an embodiment of an injection step in the filling method of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the concrete wall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the concrete wall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional tunnel.

12 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a defect generated in the tunnel of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing still another example of a conventional tunnel.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing still another example of a conventional tunnel.

15 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a defect generated in the tunnel of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 tunnel 3 concrete wall 5 ground 6 cavity 7 foam grain 8 impermeable layer 9 injection port 13 injection device 20 injection pipe 21 angle control valve 25 water storage bottle 30 body 31 cement layer 32 mixed powder 43 rock mass 104 retaining wall 105 Revetment Wall E Cavity

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A concrete wall for supporting earth pressure of the ground,
A concrete wall structure consisting of a filling material filled in a cavity formed between the concrete wall and a back ground, and the filling material being a large number of water-insoluble foam particles. 2. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the foam particles are produced by crushing or granulating a foam made of a polymer material or an inorganic material. 3. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the group of the foam particles filled in the cavity is solidified into an acorn shape by adjoining adjacent foam particles to each other. 4. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein a water impermeable layer is formed on the rear surface of the concrete wall. 5. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein a cement-based or synthetic resin-based injecting material is filled in the gap between the group of foam particles filled in the cavity. 6. The wall structure according to claim 5, wherein the injection material foams after injection. 7. An injection port communicating with a cavity on the back side of the concrete wall is formed, and a large number of foam particles made of a water-insoluble polymer material are poured into the air flow from the injection port,
A method of filling a cavity on the back side of a concrete wall by depositing and filling foam particles in the cavity and then closing the injection port. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the foam granules are produced from a foam made of a polymer material by pulverization or granulation. 9. The method according to claim 7, wherein the foam particles filled in the cavities are bonded to each other and solidified in the form of argentine. 10. A method of coating a foam particle with a moisture-curable resin in advance, adhering a cement-based or resin-based powder to the periphery thereof, and spraying water with the foam particle at the same time. Item 9. The method according to Item 9. 11. The method according to claim 8, wherein the binder is sprayed at the same time when the foam particles are poured into the cavity. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the bonding agent is a moisture-curable resin, and the curing is initiated by the moisture added at the time of injecting the foam particles or the moisture in the air. 13. Before or during the injection of the foam particles, a mixed powder of cement and a superabsorbent resin powder is sprinkled in the cavity, and the mixed powder and the moisture allow the powder on the rear surface side of the concrete wall to be dispersed. An impermeable layer is formed on the surface.
The method according to 0, 11 or 12. 14. The method according to claim 7, 8, 9, 10 in which after pouring the foam particles, a cement-based or synthetic resin-based injection material is secondarily injected to fill 60 to 98% of the voids of the foam particles. ,
11. The method according to 11 or 12. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the injectate foams after injection. 16. Foam particles, a moisture-curable resin layer coated on the surface thereof, and a cement and a superabsorbent resin powder adhered on the moisture-curable resin layer by utilizing their adhesiveness. Cavity filler consisting of mixed powder. 17. An apparatus for injecting foam granules, which comprises an injection pipe for injecting foam granules and a compressed air supply pipe connected in the injection pipe so as to generate a high-speed air flow. 18. A liquid supply pipe for supplying a liquid in a mist state to the compressed air supply pipe.
The injection device described.