JPH0811714A - Transport of passenger or load - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To transport passengers and load in safe by the necessary min. energy. CONSTITUTION:Destination places P and Q are connected by the going and returning conduits 12 and 13 each of which consists of a tunnel or a large diameter pipe in which a vehicle 14 traveling inside can enter at the end part, and the passengers or load can be transported by the vehicle 14. At the inside of each conduit 12, 13 a rail for traveling of the vehicle 14 is installed, and the rail has a descent slope from the starting stations 10 and 10a to at least the half distance between the destination places P and Q, and the traveling vehicle 14 inertia-travels mainly on the rail having a descent slope, and a portion or the whole of the inertia energy obtained on the descent slope is used in the traveling on the ascent slope continuous to the descent slope.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to rail transportation and the like.
The present invention relates to a method for transporting passengers or cargo that can efficiently transport passengers or cargo with less energy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since the success of the Tokaido Shinkansen, many countries around the world have begun to increase the speed of railways. However, the amount of traffic in the world tends to increase year by year, and currently relies on aircraft 1,0.
High-speed railway technology development for intercity transportation of about 00 km is progressing rapidly. Further, in transporting passengers or freight farther away, aircraft flying freely in the sky are used.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned high-speed railway has the problems that a large amount of energy is required for high-speed running and that dedicated equipment is required to maintain the system. It was Further, since the vehicle travels freely on the track, there are problems such as derailment due to a slight obstacle, and in the case of a single track, a collision accident occurs due to a failure of a signal or the like. On the other hand, in a system using an aircraft, because it can move freely in the atmosphere, there is a danger of crashes and collisions between aircraft, safety always becomes a problem, measures to maintain the system safely, There was a problem that equipment for improvement was required and energy for movement became larger than necessary. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a transportation method capable of safely transporting a passenger or a cargo with a minimum required energy.

[0004]

A method according to the above-mentioned object.
The method of transporting a passenger or freight described in the above is to connect a destination with a tunnel or a large-diameter two-way conduit that allows a vehicle running inside to enter at the end of the vehicle, and transport the passenger or freight with the vehicle. A method of transporting, wherein a rail on which the vehicle travels is provided in the conduit, and the rail has a downward slope from a starting station to at least a half distance between destinations, and the traveling vehicle is It is configured by mainly inertial traveling on a downhill rail and using part or all of the inertial energy obtained in the downhill for traveling uphill connected to the downhill. In addition, claim 2
The method of transporting a passenger or freight described in the method of transporting a cargo according to claim 1, wherein an elevator is provided at an end of the conduit so that the vehicle arriving at a lower position is moved up and down to a starting position at an upper position. It is configured.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method of transporting a passenger or freight, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the conduit is divided into a downward slope and an upward slope based on the substantially central position of the conduit, and the upward slope travels. In addition to the inertial energy obtained from the downhill, the motor is internally driven to travel by power. The passenger or freight transportation method according to claim 4 is a round trip 2 comprising a tunnel or a large-diameter pipe through which a vehicle traveling inside can enter.
A method of connecting destinations by a conduit of a book and transporting passengers or cargo by the vehicle, wherein the vehicle traveling in the conduit is magnetically levitated, and the rail is at least halfway between the starting station and the destination. The vehicle becomes an inclining slope up to a distance, and the traveling vehicle mainly inertially travels on the track of the inclining slope, and a part of the inertial energy obtained in the descending slope or in the ascending slope connecting to the descending slope or It is constructed by using all.

The passenger or freight transportation method according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the transportation method according to the fourth aspect, in which the insufficient power of the vehicle traveling on the uphill slope is constituted by a linear motor drive. The passenger or cargo transportation method according to claim 6 is the passenger or cargo transportation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the conduit is a tunnel and most of the conduit is formed underground. Is configured.

A method of transporting a passenger or cargo according to claim 7 is the method of transporting a passenger or cargo according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a part or all of the conduit is made of steel or reinforced concrete. It consists of a large diameter pipe and is configured to be placed on the ground. Here, the two round-trip conduits that connect the destinations are installed substantially parallel to each other, one for the forward trip and the other for the return trip, each carrying only one direction. Further, the rail arranged in the conduit serves as a guide device for smoothly moving the vehicle to reduce the frictional force with the ground contact surface. It is desirable that at least three rails are installed so as to surround the periphery of the vehicle in order to enhance the stability of the vehicle at high speed and to support the vehicle. An elevator is an elevating device that transfers a vehicle that has reached the lower part of the destination mainly by inertial traveling to the starting position in the upper position, and there are topographical and architectural constraints between the arrival position and the starting position. The can also have a structure that can be moved in an oblique direction.

[0008]

The passenger or freight transportation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is, as a whole, effectively and safely transporting the passenger or freight by effectively utilizing the height difference in the travel route between the starting station and the destination. Is to do. In the passenger or freight transportation method according to the first aspect, the descending gradient from the starting station to at least half the distance between the destinations can be inertially traveled only by the potential energy with the starting station. In addition, it is possible to drive the uphill gradient from the lowest point on the conduit to the kinetic energy of the vehicle owned at that time, and it is possible to reach the destination point by supplementing only the energy loss consumed during this period. Therefore, it is possible to transport from the starting station to the destination with the least amount of energy.

Further, since a vehicle running inside is connected to the destination by a tunnel or a two-way conduit consisting of a large-diameter pipe which can be entered at its end, the vehicle running between both points is There is no head-on collision, and safe operation is always ensured. On the other hand, during traveling of the vehicle, the vehicle is guided and supported by three or more rails provided in the conduit, so that the vehicle does not derail from the rails. Since the rails are provided so as to have a downward slope from the starting station to at least half the distance between the destinations,
The vehicle can run by gravity alone, at least up to half the distance between the destinations. If all the descending slopes are the same, the speed of the vehicle is slow at first and gradually increases, but at a speed that balances with the friction resistance of the entire vehicle, it will eventually become a constant speed. Down gradient (for example, 2 to 10 degrees or more) is increased, and down gradient on the way is decreased (for example, 1 to 3 degrees).
It is preferable to balance the traveling speed with an appropriate traveling speed. Also, the uphill slope is as small as possible (for example,
0.5-2 degrees) is preferable.

Further, in the method for transporting passengers or cargo according to claim 2, since an elevator for ascending and descending the arriving vehicle is provided at the end portion of the conduit on the destination side, the potential energy lost to the vehicle by this is provided. That is, the energy for the next running can be provided. The vehicle itself does not require a drive device such as a motor for ascending / descending, the vehicle design is simplified, the vehicle can be made lighter, and it is suitable for speeding up the vehicle. The elevator can be moved up and down by an amount equivalent to the potential energy consumed while the vehicle travels from the starting station to immediately below the destination, and can transport passengers or cargo with the minimum required energy. The passenger or freight transportation method according to claim 3, wherein the inertia energy obtained by traveling on a downward slope is consumed on an upward slope, and the kinetic energy required to reach the destination is supplemented by a motor provided inside the vehicle. As a result, the destination is reached, and in this case as well, it becomes possible to transport passengers or cargo with a small amount of energy. Since the vehicle is magnetically levitated, the loss of kinetic energy due to friction with the outside can be extremely reduced, which is economical and the vibration during traveling can be reduced. Can be reduced.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for transporting passengers or freight, which comprises a device for magnetic levitation in order to carry out insufficient power of a vehicle traveling on an upslope by a linear motor drive in the fourth aspect of the present invention. It only needs to be converted for propulsion, which simplifies the device. The method for transporting a passenger or cargo according to claim 6 is the method according to claims 1 to 5, wherein
Since the conduit is a tunnel and is formed in the ground, it does not make noise to the surroundings, and the conduit itself is less susceptible to natural influences such as typhoons and is safe. Further, the method of transporting a passenger or cargo according to claim 7 is any one of claims 1 to 5.
In the transportation method described in paragraph (3), part or all of the conduit is made of steel or reinforced concrete large-diameter pipe and is placed on the ground, so mountains and hills can be used, which reduces construction costs. It can be reduced.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings to provide an understanding of the present invention. Here, FIG. 1 is a plan view and a side view showing an arrangement of conduits from a starting station to a destination to which the passenger or freight transportation method according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure with a vehicle, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another form of the conduit and the vehicle, and FIG. 4 is an initial train to which a passenger or freight transportation method according to a second embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 5 is a plan view and a side view showing the arrangement of the conduits from the station to the destination, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of the conduits from the starting station to the destination to which the passenger or cargo transportation method according to the third embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the structure of a magnetic levitation type vehicle and a conduit to which a passenger or cargo transportation method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is applied.

As shown in FIG. 1, the method for transporting passengers or cargo according to the first embodiment of the present invention is a method for transporting passengers or cargo between different points P and Q which are destinations. Then, from the starting station 10, 10a, which is the starting position, the target value 1
The pipes 1 and 11a are connected by conduits 12 and 13 formed of a tunnel (or a steel pipe or a reinforced concrete pipe) having a circular cross section. Further, the conduit 12 has a downward slope (1 to 5 degrees, and the slope is large on the way until the distance a (for example, 2/3 to 4/5 of the total length) between the starting station 10 and the target value 11 is at least half. From that point onward), the distance b from that point to the target value 11 is arranged so as to have an upward slope. In addition, the conduit 13 is the starting station 10a and the target value 1
At least half (for example, 3/4) of 1a has a downward slope, and it is arranged in the ground or part of the ground so that it has an upward slope (0.5 to 2 degrees) from there to the target value 11a. Has been done. In each of the conduits 12 and 13, the downward slopes PR and QR to the upward slopes RQ and RP.
The pipes 12 and 13 are smoothly connected to each other so that the vehicle 14 traveling inside can smoothly travel.

At the ends of the respective conduits 12 and 13, the vehicles 14 that have arrived arrive at the starting station 1 from the target values 11 and 11a.
Elevators 15 and 16 for transporting to 0 and 10a are provided. These elevators 15 and 16 are vehicles 14 that have arrived
For the purpose of giving potential energy h. In some cases, about 100 to 1000 m,
Alternatively, it has a longer length. It should be noted that the elevators 15 and 16 may elevate and lower only the vehicle 14, or may lift the entire end of the conduit on which the vehicle is mounted and connect it to the conduit at the starting station.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, each of the conduits 12 and 13 has rails 17 to 20 which serve as rails at the lower part, both side parts and the upper part. At the ends of the conduits 12, 13, the conduits 12, 13 are divided by the length of the vehicle, and the elevators 15, 16 can raise and lower a part of the conduits and are connected to the new conduits 13, 12. It is like this.

The vehicle 14 has a plurality of lateral wheels 21 at the bottom.
And a plurality of vertical wheels 22, a plurality of side wheels 23 and 24 on both sides, and a plurality of ceiling wheels 25 on the ceiling.
And each rail 1 as shown in FIG.
The vehicle 14 is brought into contact with 7 to 20 so that the vehicle 14 can travel stably. It should be noted that the vehicle 14 is provided with a brake device for stopping the vehicle 14 and a power device for climbing an uphill slope, and a power feeding unit for feeding electricity to the vehicle 14 is provided, for example, via the rails 17 to 20. Are provided (partially the same in the following embodiments).

Therefore, the vehicle 14 departing from the starting station 10 (the same applies to 10a) runs on the rail 17 by inertia until the lowest point Q, and the upward slope after reaching the target value 11 is changed by the downward slope. Inertial traveling is performed using part or all of the obtained inertial energy. However, since the inertial energy is consumed due to friction loss during this period, the vehicle cannot reach the same height position as the starting station 10 only by inertial running. Therefore, even if there is a loss of the inertial energy in the lower position of the target value 11 in advance, the vehicle 10
The vehicle reaching part is installed at a height that can reach
An elevator 16 for raising and lowering 0 is provided, and the arrived vehicle 14 is moved by the elevator 16 to the starting end of the conduit 13 on the return path and transferred to the starting station 10a on the return path. In addition, when the points P and Q to be transported have a long distance, it is difficult to travel with inertia because the uphill slope is also long. In this case, the motor drives the vehicle uphill.

FIG. 3 shows a conduit 26 according to another example and a vehicle 27 traveling inside the conduit 26. A vehicle 28 having a rail 28 provided at the lower portion of the conduit 26 and having wheels 30 above the rail 28.
7 is running. Then, side rails 31 and 32 for preventing rolling of the vehicle 27 are provided, and lateral guide wheels 33 and 34 are attached to the vehicle 27.

Here, the conduits 12 and 13 are partially or wholly made of steel or reinforced concrete and are installed so that their peripheries have a substantially circular cross-sectional shape. When constructing the conduits 12 and 13 underground, for example, the shield construction method is used, but by making the circumference circular, the pressure from the surrounding rock etc. can be uniformly received, and structurally durable. Is high.

Next, in the passenger or freight transportation method according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
6 has the lowest central portion M, and an upslope and a downslope are formed on both sides. A motor for power running is attached to the vehicle 37, and the loss of the inertia energy is compensated by the motor. As a result of this power traveling, the destinations 11 and 11a are the same as in the above-described embodiment.
Since there is a difference in altitude between the starting station and the starting station 10, 10a, even if there is a large loss of inertia energy during uphill driving, it is possible to drive on its own by the motor, so the energy equivalent to the loss of inertia energy is replenished. You can transport to the destination just by doing. A conventional rotary electric motor for railway vehicles can be used as the motor, but a linear motor type or the like may be used.

In FIG. 4, in order to guide the arrived vehicle 37 to the end surfaces of the adjacent conduits 35 and 36, the vehicle 37 is moved substantially horizontally by a horizontal shift device (not shown), and the arrived vehicle 37 is first started. You can lead to stations 38, 38a. In addition, the support and guide mechanism when the vehicle is running can be changed from a rail type to a magnetic levitation type, and since the frictional force with the ground is extremely small, the loss of inertial energy is reduced, which is necessary for power running. It requires less energy. In this case, if a linear motor system that also uses magnetism is used as the power traveling mechanism, by using both the magnetic levitation mechanism and the magnetic traveling mechanism,
The device mounted on the vehicle is simplified and the weight of the vehicle can be reduced.

FIG. 5 shows a method for transporting passengers or cargo according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Similarly, a vehicle 39 having the same structure as the vehicle used in the second embodiment is used. Although the arrangement of the conduits 42 and 43 connecting the points P and Q is shown, the starting station and the terminating station of each are arranged at the same level.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the structure of a magnetic levitation type vehicle 45 and a conduit 46, showing a vehicle used for a passenger or cargo transportation method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The magnetic force device 47 provided on the inner wall of the conduit 46 while the vehicle is traveling.
By the repulsive force between the magnetic force device 48 in the vehicle 45 and the conduit 46.
The vehicle 45 floats and runs at a distance from each other without making contact with the vehicle 45. At this time, in order to avoid rotation of the vehicle 45 about the traveling direction of the vehicle 45 having a circular cross-sectional shape, the magnetic force polarities of the upper magnetic force device 47 in the conduit 46 and the upper magnetic force device 48 in the vehicle are changed. Adjust
It is desirable that the conduit 46 and the vehicle 45 be configured so that an attractive force due to a partial magnetic force acts in one direction.

In the above drawings, GL represents the ground surface, and by embedding a conduit consisting of a tunnel underground, there are restrictions from natural conditions such as typhoons on the ground and environmental conditions such as noise generated by vehicle running. It can be easily avoided. Further, since the present invention utilizes the height difference in the route between the starting station and the destination, it is not always necessary that all of the conduits be underground, and if there is no problem with the natural conditions and environmental conditions described above. Alternatively, a part or all of the conduit may be arranged on the ground as a large-diameter pipe made of steel or reinforced concrete. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the uphill angle and the downhill angle are limited and explained, but since it changes depending on the running resistance of the vehicle, the mileage, etc., it is limited to the numerical values of the above-mentioned example. Not a thing. Furthermore, the shape of the vehicle and the cross-sectional shape of the conduit can be changed as necessary.

[0025]

In the passenger or freight transportation method according to the present invention, since the vehicle inertially travels at a downward slope over a distance of more than half between the starting station and the destination, the vehicle itself has a power unit. When it is unnecessary or has a small capacity even if there is, and when traveling uphill, it uses a part or all of the inertial energy obtained when traveling downhill, so the energy consumption of the vehicle is minimized. It is possible to suppress to. Further, since the vehicles are composed of two reciprocating conduits and the vehicles always travel in only one direction in each conduit, the vehicles do not collide head-on with each other, and the safety of vehicle traffic is ensured. And because it is safe, high-speed transportation is possible. Further, in the passenger or freight transportation method according to the second aspect, since the vehicle that travels by using weight and descends from the starting position is pulled up by the elevator, the insufficient energy is supplied as potential energy. it can. Therefore, the vehicle can be driven while sufficiently exerting inertial travel. In the passenger or freight transportation method according to claim 3, since the vehicle has a motor inside to drive by power, the vehicle can travel without obstacle even if there is an upslope, and the starting position and the ending position are arranged at the same level. It is also possible.

In particular, in the passenger or freight transportation method according to claims 4 and 5, the loss of inertial energy caused by friction is minimized by the magnetic levitation method, and moreover, the power running by the linear motor is enabled, so that the energy consumption is further increased. It has the advantage of low consumption. Further, in the passenger or freight transportation method according to claim 6, since the conduits are tunnels and most of them are formed underground, the influence of natural conditions on the ground and the occurrence of environmental problems such as noise generation are avoided. To be In the passenger or freight transportation method according to claim 7, since a part or all of the conduit is made of steel or reinforced concrete, it is high against severe natural conditions and conditions such as mechanical impact caused by traveling of the vehicle. Durability can be maintained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view and a side view showing an arrangement of conduits from a departure station to a destination to which a passenger or cargo transportation method according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing structures of the conduit and a vehicle.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another form of the conduit and the vehicle.

FIG. 4 is a plan view and a side view showing an arrangement of conduits from a starting station to a destination to which a passenger or freight transportation method according to a second embodiment of the present invention is applied.

5A and 5B are a plan view and a side view of a conduit from a starting station to a destination to which a passenger or cargo transportation method according to a third embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a magnetic levitation type vehicle and a conduit to which a passenger or cargo transportation method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 First departure station 10a First departure station 11 Destination 11a Destination 12 Conduit 13 Conduit 14 Vehicle 15 Elevator 16 Elevator 17 Rail 18 Rail 19 Rail 20 Rail 21 Side wheel 22 Vertical wheel 23 Side wheel 24 Side wheel 25 Ceiling wheel 26 Conduit 27 Vehicle 27 Rail 30 Wheel 31 Side rail 32 Side rail 33 Side guide wheel 34 Side guide wheel 35 Conduit 36 Conduit 37 Vehicle 38 Starting station 38a Starting station 39 Vehicle 42 Conduit 43 Conduit 45 Vehicle 46 Conduit 47 Magnetic device 48 Magnetic device

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A method of transporting a passenger or a cargo by a vehicle running inside by connecting two destinations by a tunnel or a two-way conduit consisting of a large-diameter pipe that can be entered at an end of the vehicle. A rail on which the vehicle travels is provided in the conduit, and the rail has a downward slope from the starting station to at least half the distance between destinations, and the traveling vehicle is on a rail with the downward slope. Mainly inertial running,
A method of transporting a passenger or a cargo, characterized in that part or all of the inertial energy obtained in the downward slope is used for traveling in an upward slope connected to the downward slope. 2. The method of transporting a passenger or freight according to claim 1, wherein an elevator is provided at an end of the conduit, and the vehicle that has arrived at a lower position is moved up and down to a starting position at an upper position. 3. The downslope and the upslope are divided with reference to the substantially central position of the conduit, and the traveling of the upslope includes:
The method of transporting a passenger or cargo according to claim 1, wherein the method is performed by driving the vehicle internally with an electric motor in addition to the inertial energy obtained from the downward slope. 4. A method of transporting a passenger or cargo by a vehicle running inside by connecting two destinations by a tunnel or a two-way conduit consisting of a large-diameter pipe that can be entered at the end of the vehicle. Then, the vehicle traveling in the conduit is magnetically levitated, the rail has a downward slope from the starting station to at least half the distance between the destinations, and the traveling vehicle mainly travels on the rail with the downward slope. A method of transporting a passenger or freight, characterized in that a part or all of the inertia energy obtained in the downward slope is used for traveling in the upward slope that is connected to the downward slope by inertial traveling. 5. The method of transporting a passenger or freight according to claim 4, wherein the deficient power of the vehicle traveling uphill is driven by a linear motor. 6. The method of transporting a passenger or cargo according to claim 1, wherein the conduit is a tunnel and most of the conduit is formed underground. 7. The transportation of passengers or freight according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the conduit is made of a large diameter pipe made of steel or reinforced concrete and is arranged on the ground. Method.