JPH08115733A - Power generating method and system - Google Patents
Power generating method and systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08115733A JPH08115733A JP6252468A JP25246894A JPH08115733A JP H08115733 A JPH08115733 A JP H08115733A JP 6252468 A JP6252468 A JP 6252468A JP 25246894 A JP25246894 A JP 25246894A JP H08115733 A JPH08115733 A JP H08115733A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- reaction
- metal body
- water
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、発電方法及び装置に関
し、特に、反応金属体と水との熱化学反応を用いて発生
した水素を用いて水素・酸素型燃料電池により、直接発
電を得るための新規な改良に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power generation method and apparatus, and more particularly, to direct power generation by a hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell using hydrogen generated by thermochemical reaction between a reactive metal body and water. For new improvements for.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、用いられていたこの種の燃料電源
としては、メタンやプロパンなどの炭化水素や、メタノ
ール及びエタノールなどのアルコールなど数多くの物質
が使用されており、炭酸ガスを発生させない水素燃料を
用いた燃料電池は、従来全く使用されていなかった。ま
た、水素を得る手段として、例えば、天然ガスから水素
を抽出する方法の場合、パラジウム製の薄板を２００〜
３００度の高温下で用い、水素のみがこの薄板を通過す
る性質を利用して水素を得るようにしている。2. Description of the Related Art As a fuel power source of this type that has been used conventionally, many substances such as hydrocarbons such as methane and propane and alcohols such as methanol and ethanol are used, and hydrogen that does not generate carbon dioxide gas is used. Fuel cells using fuel have never been used. Further, as a means for obtaining hydrogen, for example, in the case of a method for extracting hydrogen from natural gas, a thin plate made of palladium is
It is used at a high temperature of 300 ° C., and hydrogen is obtained by utilizing the property that only hydrogen passes through this thin plate.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】燃料電池に使用するた
めの従来の水素の抽出方法は、以上のように構成されて
いたため、次のような課題が存在していた。すなわち、
前述の天然ガスの場合、水素の含有率は約１０％程度で
あるため、無公害燃料電池としては極めて効率が悪く、
実用に供することは不可能であった。また、水素を分離
した後の残りの気体は貯蔵して他の用途に使用するの
で、極めて大型の付随構造物が必要となり、さらには、
この残りの気体を燃料として使用すると、大量の炭酸ガ
スが発生し、公害の元となっていた。Since the conventional method for extracting hydrogen for use in a fuel cell is configured as described above, there are the following problems. That is,
In the case of the above-mentioned natural gas, since the hydrogen content is about 10%, it is extremely inefficient as a pollution-free fuel cell,
It was impossible to put it to practical use. In addition, since the remaining gas after hydrogen separation is stored and used for other purposes, an extremely large incidental structure is required.
When the remaining gas is used as fuel, a large amount of carbon dioxide gas is generated, which causes pollution.
【０００４】本発明は、以上のような課題を解決するた
めになされたもので、特に、反応金属体と水との熱化学
反応を用いて発生した水素を用いた水素・酸素型燃料電
池により、直接発電を得るようにした発電方法及び装置
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in particular, a hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell using hydrogen generated by a thermochemical reaction between a reactive metal body and water. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power generation method and device for directly generating power.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明による発電方法
は、反応金属体と水を用いた熱化学反応手段により発生
した水素を供給すると共に、酸素を供給し、前記水素と
酸素を用いた水素・酸素型燃料電池により電力を得る方
法である。In the power generation method according to the present invention, hydrogen generated by a thermochemical reaction means using a reaction metal body and water is supplied, and oxygen is supplied, and the hydrogen and the hydrogen using oxygen are supplied.・ This is a method of obtaining electric power from an oxygen fuel cell.
【０００６】さらに詳細には、前記酸素は、空気圧縮機
を用い密度を上げて前記水素・酸素燃料電池に供給する
方法である。More specifically, the oxygen is supplied to the hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell by increasing its density using an air compressor.
【０００７】さらに詳細には、前記水素・酸素型燃料電
池において発生した水蒸気を、前記空気圧縮機の運転に
用いる方法である。More specifically, it is a method of using steam generated in the hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell for operating the air compressor.
【０００８】さらに詳細には、前記熱化学反応手段は、
容器内の水中に設けられ前記水と電熱化学反応する前記
反応金属体に耐熱性電極を接触させた状態で前記反応金
属体と耐熱性電極に通電して水中放電を発生させ、前記
反応金属体と水による電熱化学反応によって水素を発生
する方法である。More specifically, the thermochemical reaction means is
The reaction metal body, which is provided in the water in the container and which causes an electrothermal chemical reaction with the water, is energized to the reaction metal body and the heat-resistant electrode in a state where the heat-resistant electrode is in contact with the reaction metal body to generate an underwater discharge, and the reaction metal body It is a method of generating hydrogen by an electrothermal chemical reaction between water and water.
【０００９】さらに詳細には、前記熱化学反応手段は、
容器内に設けられ前記水と電熱化学反応する前記反応金
属体と、スタート電極と、の間の放電後に前記水を前記
反応金属体に供給し、前記水と反応金属体の電熱化学反
応によって水素を発生する方法である。More specifically, the thermochemical reaction means is
The water is supplied to the reaction metal body after the discharge between the reaction metal body provided in the container and performing the electrothermal chemical reaction with the water, and the start electrode, and hydrogen is generated by the electrothermal chemical reaction between the water and the reaction metal body. Is a method of generating.
【００１０】さらに詳細には、前記反応金属体は、アル
ミニウム体又はマグネシウム体を用いる方法である。More specifically, the reaction metal body is a method using an aluminum body or a magnesium body.
【００１１】本発明による発電装置は、反応金属体と水
による熱化学反応手段により発生した水素及び水蒸気を
供給する分離塔と、前記分離塔の上部に設けられた第１
パイプに接続された水素・酸素型燃料電池と、前記水素
・酸素型燃料電池に接続され空気を供給するための第４
パイプと、を備え、前記水素・酸素型燃料電池から電力
を得るようにした構成である。The power generator according to the present invention comprises a separation tower for supplying hydrogen and steam generated by a thermochemical reaction means of a reaction metal body and water, and a first tower provided above the separation tower.
A hydrogen / oxygen type fuel cell connected to a pipe, and a fourth connected to the hydrogen / oxygen type fuel cell for supplying air
A pipe is provided, and electric power is obtained from the hydrogen / oxygen type fuel cell.
【００１２】さらに詳細には、前記第４パイプには前記
空気を圧縮するための空気圧縮機が設けられている構成
である。More specifically, the fourth pipe is provided with an air compressor for compressing the air.
【００１３】前記熱化学反応手段は前記水を内蔵した容
器と、前記容器に接続され前記反応金属体を摺動自在に
保持した摺動接触電極と、前記水中に位置すると共に前
記反応金属体に接触し、かつ、前記容器に電気絶縁体を
介して保持された耐熱性電極と、前記容器内で発生する
水素を溜めるための水素溜部と、前記水素溜部内の水素
を取り出すため前記水素溜部に接続されたバルブと、前
記反応金属体と耐熱性電極に接続された電源とを備え、
前記反応金属体と前記水との電熱化学反応により前記水
素を発生するようにした構成である。The thermochemical reaction means includes a container containing the water, a sliding contact electrode connected to the container and slidably holding the reaction metal body, and located in the water and attached to the reaction metal body. A heat resistant electrode that is in contact with and is held in the container via an electrical insulator, a hydrogen reservoir for storing hydrogen generated in the container, and a hydrogen reservoir for taking out hydrogen in the hydrogen reservoir. And a power source connected to the reaction metal body and the heat-resistant electrode,
The hydrogen is generated by an electrothermal chemical reaction between the reactive metal body and the water.
【００１４】前記熱化学反応手段は、前記反応金属体の
下部に設けられたスタート電極を有する容器と、前記容
器と前記スタート電極間に接続された高圧電源と、前記
容器内に前記水を供給するための水供給手段とを備え、
前記反応金属体の下端とスタート電極との間の放電後に
前記水を前記反応金属体の下端に供給するようにした構
成である。The thermochemical reaction means supplies a container having a start electrode provided under the reaction metal body, a high-voltage power supply connected between the container and the start electrode, and the water into the container. And a water supply means for
After the electric discharge between the lower end of the reaction metal body and the start electrode, the water is supplied to the lower end of the reaction metal body.
【００１５】さらに詳細には、前記反応金属体は、アル
ミニウム体、又は、マグネシウム体よりなる構成であ
る。More specifically, the reaction metal body is composed of an aluminum body or a magnesium body.
【００１６】[0016]
【作用】本発明による発電方法及び装置においては、反
応金属体と水による熱化学反応によって発生した水素を
空気（酸素）と共に水素・酸素燃料電池に供給すること
により、燃料電池が運転され、水素のエネルギーが効率
よく電力に転換される。また、水素は燃焼した後に炭酸
ガスを発生しないため、完全無公害の電力発電を達成す
ることができる。In the power generation method and apparatus according to the present invention, the hydrogen generated by the thermochemical reaction between the reactive metal body and water is supplied to the hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell together with air (oxygen) to operate the fuel cell. Energy is efficiently converted to electricity. Moreover, since hydrogen does not generate carbon dioxide after burning, it is possible to achieve completely pollution-free power generation.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】以下、図面と共に本発明による発電方法及び
装置の好適な実施例について詳細に説明する。図１は本
発明による発電装置を示すもので、図１において符号１
００で示されるものは、後述のアルミニウム又はマグネ
シウム等の水２と反応する反応金属体９の熱化学反応に
よって水素１０ａと水蒸気１０Ａを発生する熱化学反応
手段であり、この水素１０ａと水蒸気１０Ａは、高さ約
５ｍ位の分離塔７０に下部７０ａから曲折パイプ１０１
を経て供給される。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the power generation method and apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a power generator according to the present invention, and in FIG.
00 is a thermochemical reaction means for generating hydrogen 10a and steam 10A by a thermochemical reaction of a reaction metal body 9 that reacts with water 2 such as aluminum or magnesium described later, and the hydrogen 10a and steam 10A are , The bent pipe 101 from the lower portion 70a to the separation tower 70 having a height of about 5 m.
Will be supplied via.
【００１８】前記分離塔７０の上部の第１パイプ７１は
水素・酸素型燃焼電池７２に供給されていると共に、こ
の分離塔７０の下部の第２パイプ７３は、空気圧縮機７
４、第３パイプ７５、調整弁７６及び第４パイプ７７を
経て前記水素・酸素型燃料電池７２に接続されている。
この水素・酸素燃料電池に注入する水素密度は大気中の
密度の何倍か高くなって入るため、供給する空気中の酸
素は、空気を圧縮して密度を高くする必要があり、この
分離塔７０に集まった水蒸気は空気圧縮機の駆動を行う
ための熱源として利用できる。この圧縮された空気は第
３パイプ７５、調整弁７６及び第４パイプ７７を経て燃
料電池７２に供給される。The first pipe 71 in the upper portion of the separation tower 70 is supplied to the hydrogen / oxygen type combustion cell 72, and the second pipe 73 in the lower portion of the separation tower 70 is connected to the air compressor 7.
It is connected to the hydrogen / oxygen type fuel cell 72 through a fourth pipe 3, a third pipe 75, a regulating valve 76 and a fourth pipe 77.
Since the density of hydrogen injected into this hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell is several times higher than the density in the atmosphere, the oxygen in the air to be supplied must be compressed to increase the density. The water vapor collected in 70 can be used as a heat source for driving the air compressor. The compressed air is supplied to the fuel cell 72 through the third pipe 75, the adjusting valve 76 and the fourth pipe 77.
【００１９】従って、前述の構成において、熱化学反応
手段１００から発生した水素１０ａと水蒸気１０Ａの混
合気体は、曲折パイプ１０１（水素と水蒸気の分布を促
進する作用を有する）から分離塔７０内に供給され、こ
の状態では、水素１０ａと水蒸気１０Ａの温度はほぼ等
しく２００℃程度となっている。この分離塔７０内で
は、水素１０ａの密度ｎH及び水蒸気１０Ａの密度ｎWは
ほぼ次のように分布する。Therefore, in the above-mentioned structure, the mixed gas of hydrogen 10a and steam 10A generated from the thermochemical reaction means 100 enters the separation column 70 from the bent pipe 101 (having a function of promoting the distribution of hydrogen and steam). In this state, the temperatures of hydrogen 10a and steam 10A are almost equal and are about 200 ° C. In this separation column 70, the density n H of hydrogen 10a and the density n W of steam 10A are distributed as follows.
【００２０】[0020]
【数１】 ここで、ｍは水素分子の質量、Ｍは水分子の質量、ｈは
塔の高さ、ｇは重力定数、ｋはボルソマン定数、ｎ0は
曲折パイプ１０１内の粒子である。従って、分離塔７０
の高さを約５ｍ位に設定すると、分離塔７０の上方は水
素１０ａが、その下方には水蒸気１０Ａが分布する。[Equation 1] Here, m is the mass of hydrogen molecules, M is the mass of water molecules, h is the height of the tower, g is the gravitational constant, k is the Bolsoman constant, and n 0 is the particle in the bent pipe 101. Therefore, the separation tower 70
When the height is set to about 5 m, hydrogen 10a is distributed above the separation column 70 and water vapor 10A is distributed below it.
【００２１】前記分離塔７０内の水素１０ａは第１パイ
プ７１を経て水素・酸素型燃料電池７２に送られ、水蒸
気１０Ａは空気圧縮機７４に送られて空気圧縮機７４を
運転し、この空気圧縮機７４で圧縮された高密度の圧縮
空気（酸素）は、調整弁７６によって空気中の酸素が最
適量化されて水素・酸素型燃料電池７２に送り込まれ、
周知の燃料電池の作用によって水素１０ａが電力に直接
転換される。また、この水素・酸素型燃料電池７２で発
生する熱を、熱交換器（図示せず）を通して分離塔７０
の下部を加熱して水蒸気１０Ａの温度を上昇させ、空気
圧縮機７４の能率を向上させることもできる。The hydrogen 10a in the separation column 70 is sent to the hydrogen / oxygen type fuel cell 72 through the first pipe 71, and the steam 10A is sent to the air compressor 74 to operate the air compressor 74, The high-density compressed air (oxygen) compressed by the compressor 74 is sent to the hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell 72 with the oxygen in the air optimized by the adjusting valve 76.
Hydrogen 10a is directly converted into electric power by the operation of a well-known fuel cell. In addition, the heat generated in the hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell 72 is passed through a heat exchanger (not shown) to the separation tower 70.
It is also possible to increase the temperature of the steam 10A by heating the lower part of the above to improve the efficiency of the air compressor 74.
【００２２】次に、前述の熱化学反応手段１００につい
て、図２から図７を用いて詳細に説明する。図２は熱化
学反応手段１００としての水素発生装置を示す断面図、
図３は図２の作動状態を示す断面図、図４は図２の他の
実施例を示す構成図、図５は図２の要部の他の実施例の
断面図、図６は本発明による熱化学反応手段１００とし
ての電熱化学ボイラの構成図、図７は図６の動作状態図
である。まず、図２及び図３において、符号１で示され
るものは全体形状が箱形をなし、水２を内蔵した耐圧性
の導電性材料からなる容器であり、この容器１の底部１
ａのねじ孔１ａＡには、耐熱性電極３を有する電気絶縁
体４が螺合して設けられている。Next, the thermochemical reaction means 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7. FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a hydrogen generator as the thermochemical reaction means 100.
3 is a sectional view showing the operating state of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the essential part of FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electrothermal chemical boiler as the thermochemical reaction means 100, and FIG. 7 is an operation state diagram of FIG. First, in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the reference numeral 1 is a container having an overall shape of a box and made of a pressure-resistant conductive material containing water 2 therein.
An electrical insulator 4 having a heat resistant electrode 3 is screwed into the screw hole 1aA of a.
【００２３】前記耐熱性電極３と前記底部１ａ間には、
抵抗器５とスイッチ６及び電源７が直列に接続されてお
り、前記容器１の天井部１ｂの内面１ｃから一体状に垂
下してなる摺動接触電極８の内側には、この摺動接触電
極８に保持された棒状のアルミニウム体からなり水２と
電熱反応する反応金属体９が上下動自在にかつ摺動式に
設けられており、この反応金属体９の下端９ｄは耐熱性
電極３の上端３ａに接触するように構成されている。Between the heat resistant electrode 3 and the bottom portion 1a,
A resistor 5, a switch 6 and a power source 7 are connected in series, and inside the sliding contact electrode 8 integrally hung from the inner surface 1c of the ceiling portion 1b of the container 1, the sliding contact electrode is formed. A reaction metal body 9 made of a rod-shaped aluminum body held by 8 and electrothermally reacting with water 2 is provided so as to be vertically movable and slidable. The lower end 9d of this reaction metal body 9 is It is configured to contact the upper end 3a.
【００２４】前記容器１の天井部１ｂ上に一体状に形成
された水素溜部１０の上部には蓋１１が載置されている
と共に、この水素溜部１０の側部に設けられた吐出筒体
１２には、バルブ１３が設けられている。従って、この
バルブ１３の開弁により前記水素溜部１０内の水素１０
ａを取出すことができるように構成されている。A lid 11 is placed on the upper portion of the hydrogen storage portion 10 formed integrally on the ceiling portion 1b of the container 1, and a discharge cylinder provided on the side portion of the hydrogen storage portion 10. The body 12 is provided with a valve 13. Therefore, when the valve 13 is opened, the hydrogen 10 in the hydrogen reservoir 10 is opened.
a is configured to be taken out.
【００２５】次に、動作について述べる。まず、バルブ
１３を閉弁してスイッチ６をオンとすると、耐熱性電極
３の上端３ａと反応金属体９の下端９ｄの接点抵抗によ
って反応金属体９の下端９ｄが高熱を発し、その周囲の
水２は高温水蒸気となり、アルミニウムと水の電熱化学
反応が起こり、高圧水素２０Ｅが発生し、反応金属体９
は矢印Ａの方向へ押し上げられる。Next, the operation will be described. First, when the valve 13 is closed and the switch 6 is turned on, the contact resistance between the upper end 3a of the heat-resistant electrode 3 and the lower end 9d of the reaction metal body 9 causes the lower end 9d of the reaction metal body 9 to generate high heat, and its surroundings. The water 2 becomes high-temperature steam, an electrothermal chemical reaction of aluminum and water occurs, high-pressure hydrogen 20E is generated, and the reaction metal body 9
Is pushed up in the direction of arrow A.
【００２６】前記反応金属体９の下端９ｄが摺動接触電
極８の接点８ａより上方に来た場合には、容器１と耐熱
性電極３との導通が絶たれるため、耐熱性電極３に対す
る電流が切れ、上昇していた反応金属体９は耐熱性電極
３に当接するまで落下し、再び、前述の電熱化学反応が
始まる。When the lower end 9d of the reaction metal body 9 comes above the contact 8a of the sliding contact electrode 8, the container 1 and the heat-resistant electrode 3 are disconnected from each other, so that the current to the heat-resistant electrode 3 is cut off. Then, the reaction metal body 9 which has risen and has risen falls until it comes into contact with the heat-resistant electrode 3, and the above-described electrothermal chemical reaction starts again.
【００２７】前述の電熱化学反応により発生した水素１
０ａは前述容器１の水素溜部１０内に蓄積され、バルブ
１３を開弁することにより、水素１０ａを取出すことが
でき、従って、反応金属体９が全て消耗した場合には、
蓋１１を開き、新しい水２と反応金属体９とを交換する
ことにより、再び、前述と同じ電熱化学反応によって高
圧の水素１０ａを得ることができる。なお、この電源７
としては、商用電源だけでなく、電池を用いることがで
きる。前記水素溜部１０は、前述の構成に限ることな
く、例えば、図３で示すように容器１に接続管２０を介
して水素溜部１０Ｂを接続し、この水素溜部１０Ｂに設
けたバルブ１３を介して水素１０ａを必要に応じて取り
出すようにすることもできる。従って、全体の装置を小
型化できるため、車載用にも可能である。Hydrogen 1 generated by the above-mentioned electrothermal chemical reaction
0a is accumulated in the hydrogen reservoir 10 of the container 1, and the hydrogen 10a can be taken out by opening the valve 13. Therefore, when the reaction metal body 9 is completely consumed,
By opening the lid 11 and exchanging the fresh water 2 with the reaction metal body 9, high-pressure hydrogen 10a can be obtained again by the same electrothermal chemical reaction as described above. In addition, this power supply 7
For this, not only a commercial power source but also a battery can be used. The hydrogen storage unit 10 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the hydrogen storage unit 10B is connected to the container 1 via the connecting pipe 20, and the valve 13 provided in the hydrogen storage unit 10B. It is also possible to take out the hydrogen 10a via the hydrogen gas if necessary. Therefore, the entire device can be downsized, and it can be mounted on a vehicle.
【００２８】図５に示す構成は、前記反応金属体９の他
の実施例を示すものであり、前述のアルミニウム体に替
えて固体又は微小粒又は微粉末のマグネシウム体９ａを
アルミニウム等で形成された金属容器９ｂ内に収容して
反応金属体９を構成し、蓋９ｃで密閉化され、内部は真
空あるいは低気圧とした構成である。なお、この金属容
器９ｂによってマグネシウム体９ａが水２とすぐに反応
しないように構成されている。The structure shown in FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the reaction metal body 9, in which a magnesium body 9a of solid or fine particles or fine powder is formed of aluminum or the like instead of the above-mentioned aluminum body. The reaction metal body 9 is housed in the metal container 9b, and the reaction metal body 9 is sealed by the lid 9c. The metal container 9b is configured so that the magnesium body 9a does not immediately react with the water 2.
【００２９】次に、動作について述べる。まず、図２の
反応金属体９を図５に示すマグネシウム体９ａを内蔵し
た反応金属体９、スイッチ６をＯＮとすると耐熱性電極
３の上端３ａと金属容器９ｂの電熱化学反応により金属
容器９ｂは高熱を発して溶け、熱された水２が金属容器
３ｂ内のマグネシウム体９ａに接触し還元反応が開始さ
れる。この間しばらくはスイッチ６をＯＮとし続けてい
ると水中放電によりマグネシウム体９ａは高温となり、
自発的に還元反応が維持されるようになる。ここで、ス
イッチ６をＯＦＦとすると以後は自からの発熱で反応は
持続し水素が定常的に発生する。金属容器９ｂがプラス
ティックス等の電気絶縁体からなる電気絶縁容器（図示
せず）の場合は、図２の各電極３，８に接する部分のみ
を図５に示すように第１、第２電極３０，３１とし、電
気着火性火薬（図示していないが前記絶縁容器に設けて
いる）をスイッチ６によって発火させ、その高熱によっ
て前述のようにマグネシウム体９ａと水２の還元反応を
誘発してもよい。Next, the operation will be described. First, when the reaction metal body 9 shown in FIG. 2 is the reaction metal body 9 containing the magnesium body 9a shown in FIG. 5 and the switch 6 is turned on, the metal container 9b is formed by an electrochemical reaction between the upper end 3a of the heat resistant electrode 3 and the metal container 9b. Emits high heat and is melted, and the heated water 2 contacts the magnesium body 9a in the metal container 3b to start the reduction reaction. During this time, if the switch 6 is kept ON for a while, the magnesium body 9a becomes hot due to the underwater discharge,
The reduction reaction will be maintained spontaneously. Here, when the switch 6 is turned off, the reaction is continued and the hydrogen is constantly generated due to the heat generation from itself. When the metal container 9b is an electrically insulating container (not shown) made of an electrically insulating material such as plastics, only the portions in contact with the electrodes 3 and 8 of FIG. 2 have the first and second electrodes as shown in FIG. 30 and 31, an electric ignition powder (not shown, provided in the insulating container) is ignited by the switch 6, and its high heat induces the reduction reaction of the magnesium body 9a and the water 2 as described above. Good.
【００３０】次に、図６及び図７で示す熱化学反応手段
１００としての電熱化学ボイラについて述べる。なお、
前述の実施例と同一部分には同一符号を用いて説明す
る。なお、説明を簡単とするため、マグネシウム体を反
応金属体９として用いたボイラの場合について述べる。
図６において、４０は水タンク、４１は吸排気ポンプ、
４２は吸排気管であり、この水タンク４０と吸排気ポン
プ４１は第１バルブ４３及び吸排気管４２を介して互い
に接続され、この水タンク４０のの上部には、第２バル
ブ４５を有する給水用開口管４６が接続されている。Next, an electrothermal chemical boiler as the thermochemical reaction means 100 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described. In addition,
The same parts as those in the above-described embodiment will be described using the same reference numerals. For simplicity of description, a case of a boiler using a magnesium body as the reaction metal body 9 will be described.
In FIG. 6, 40 is a water tank, 41 is an intake / exhaust pump,
Reference numeral 42 denotes an intake / exhaust pipe, the water tank 40 and the intake / exhaust pump 41 are connected to each other through a first valve 43 and an intake / exhaust pipe 42, and a water supply valve having a second valve 45 is provided above the water tank 40. An open tube 46 is connected.
【００３１】前記水タンク４０の水２中に設けられた給
排水管４７は、第３バルブ４８と逆止弁４９を経て高圧
の容器１の下部へ接続されている。この容器１には圧力
計５０を有する蓋５１１が設けらており、この容器１の
底部１ａには電気絶縁体４によって絶縁されたスタート
電極３Ａが設けられると共に、この容器１の上部には、
高圧気体取出し管１２ａが設けられている。The water supply / drainage pipe 47 provided in the water 2 of the water tank 40 is connected to the lower portion of the high-pressure container 1 via the third valve 48 and the check valve 49. The container 1 is provided with a lid 511 having a pressure gauge 50, the bottom 1a of the container 1 is provided with a start electrode 3A insulated by an electric insulator 4, and the upper part of the container 1 is provided with
A high pressure gas extraction pipe 12a is provided.
【００３２】前記スタート電極３Ａはスイッチ６と放電
抵抗５、コンデンサ６０、充電抵抗６１を経て高圧電源
７に接続されている。なお、前述の吸排気ポンプ４１、
水タンク４０、各バルブ４３，４５，４８により水供給
手段８０を構成しているが、例えば、シリンダ、水中ポ
ンプ管とすることもできる。The start electrode 3A is connected to the high voltage power source 7 via the switch 6, the discharge resistor 5, the capacitor 60 and the charging resistor 61. The intake / exhaust pump 41,
The water tank 40 and the valves 43, 45, and 48 constitute the water supply means 80, but may be, for example, a cylinder or a submersible pump pipe.
【００３３】次に動作について述べる。まず、高圧気体
が必要となると、水タンク４０内に給水開口管４６から
水２が注入されるが、この時、第３バルブ４８は閉じら
れている。更にエネルギー源であるマグネシウム棒から
なる反応金属体９が蓋５１を開いてスタート電極３Ａの
上に置かれる後、蓋５は再び閉じられる。Next, the operation will be described. First, when high-pressure gas is required, water 2 is injected into the water tank 40 through the water supply opening pipe 46, but at this time, the third valve 48 is closed. Further, the reaction metal body 9 made of a magnesium rod which is an energy source opens the lid 51 and is placed on the start electrode 3A, and then the lid 5 is closed again.
【００３４】次に、高圧気体を発生するには、図７にお
いて、まず、第２バルブ４５が閉じている事を確認した
後、第１、第３バルブ４３，４８を開弁した後、スイッ
チ６をＯＮとする。同時に、反応金属体９の下端９ｄで
放電Ｈが起こり高温となる。この時、圧力計はまだほと
んど動かない。そこでポンプ４１を始動して空気をタン
ク４０へ送り込むと第３バルブ４８と逆止弁４９を経て
水２は底部１ａへ給水される。この瞬間、圧力計５０は
動き始めて容器１内の圧力上昇を示す。ここでスイッチ
６をＯＦＦとしつつ水２を容器１内へ供給すると、反応
金属体９であるマグネシウムと水２が激しく反応しはじ
め、高温気体取出し管１２ａより高圧気体（高圧水素と
高圧水蒸気の混合体）が分離塔７０の入口へ送り出され
る。なお、前述の反応金属体９はマグネシウム体に限ら
ず、アルミニウム体を用いても同様の作用を得ることが
できる。また、図６、図７の構成では、水を反応金属体
９の下部の側方から供給しているが、例えば、水を反応
金属体９の上部から下部に向けて流下させるようにする
こともできる。また、前述のマグネシウム体は、電力が
安くて豊富なカナダ等で製造し、輸入することができる
ものである。Next, in order to generate high-pressure gas, in FIG. 7, first, after confirming that the second valve 45 is closed, the first and third valves 43 and 48 are opened, and then the switch. Turn 6 on. At the same time, discharge H is generated at the lower end 9d of the reaction metal body 9 and the temperature becomes high. At this time, the pressure gauge still hardly moves. Then, when the pump 41 is started to send air into the tank 40, the water 2 is supplied to the bottom portion 1a via the third valve 48 and the check valve 49. At this moment, the pressure gauge 50 starts to move and indicates a pressure increase in the container 1. Here, when the water 2 is supplied into the container 1 while the switch 6 is turned off, the reaction metal body 9 magnesium and the water 2 start to react violently, and the high-pressure gas (mixture of high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure steam) is supplied from the high-temperature gas extraction pipe 12a. Body) is delivered to the inlet of the separation tower 70. The reaction metal body 9 described above is not limited to the magnesium body, and the same effect can be obtained by using an aluminum body. In addition, in the configuration of FIGS. 6 and 7, water is supplied from the side of the lower part of the reaction metal body 9, but, for example, water may be made to flow downward from the upper part of the reaction metal body 9. You can also In addition, the above-mentioned magnesium body can be manufactured and imported in Canada and the like where electricity is cheap and abundant.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】本発明による発電方法及び装置は、以上
のように構成されているため、次のような効果を得るこ
とができる。熱化学反応手段により、発生した水素を用
いて燃料電池を運転し、直接電力を得ることができ、高
効率でかつ無公害の発電を行うことができる。また、こ
の反応金属体をアルミニウム体からマグネシウム体とし
た場合には、アルミニウム体よりも低温で反応できるた
め、水素発生中には必ずしも通電の必要がなくなり、エ
ネルギー経済的には有利な水素発生を行うことができ
る。Since the power generation method and device according to the present invention are configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. By the thermochemical reaction means, the generated hydrogen can be used to drive the fuel cell to directly obtain electric power, and highly efficient and pollution-free power generation can be performed. In addition, when the reaction metal body is changed from an aluminum body to a magnesium body, the reaction can be performed at a temperature lower than that of the aluminum body, so that it is not always necessary to supply electricity during hydrogen generation, and hydrogen generation advantageous in energy economy can be achieved. It can be carried out.
【図１】本発明による発電方法を適用した発電装置を示
す構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a power generation device to which a power generation method according to the present invention is applied.
【図２】図１における熱化学反応手段を示す構成図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a thermochemical reaction means in FIG.
【図３】図２の動作説明図である。FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of FIG. 2;
【図４】図２の他の実施例を示す構成図である。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of FIG.
【図５】図２の反応金属体の他の実施例を示す断面図で
ある。5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the reaction metal body of FIG.
【図６】本発明による熱化学反応手段である電熱化学ボ
イラを示す構成図である。FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing an electrothermal chemical boiler which is a thermochemical reaction means according to the present invention.
【図７】図６の動作説明図である。FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of FIG. 6;
１ 容器 ２ 水 ３ 耐熱性電極 ３Ａ スタート電極 ７ 電源 ８ 摺動接触電極 ９ 反応金属体 ９ａ マグネシウム体 ９ｂ 金属容器 １０，１０Ａ 水素溜部 １０ａ 水素 １０Ａ 水蒸気 １２ａ 高圧気体取出し管 １３ バルブ ３０，３１ 第１，第２電極 ４９ 逆止弁 ７０ 分離塔 ７２ 水素・酸素型燃料電池 ７４ 空気圧縮機 ８０ 水供給手段 1 Container 2 Water 3 Heat Resistant Electrode 3A Start Electrode 7 Power Supply 8 Sliding Contact Electrode 9 Reactive Metal Body 9a Magnesium Body 9b Metal Container 10,10A Hydrogen Reservoir 10a Hydrogen 10A Steam 12a High Pressure Gas Extraction Tube 13 Valve 30,31 1st , Second electrode 49 check valve 70 separation tower 72 hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell 74 air compressor 80 water supply means
Claims (11)
応手段(100)により発生した水素(10a)を供給すると共
に、酸素を供給し、前記水素と酸素を用いた水素・酸素
型燃料電池(72)により電力を得ることを特徴とする発電
方法。1. A hydrogen (10a) generated by a thermochemical reaction means (100) using a reaction metal body (9) and water (2) is supplied, and oxygen is supplied, and the hydrogen and oxygen are used. A power generation method characterized in that electric power is obtained from a hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell (72).
を上げて前記水素・酸素燃料電池(72)に供給することを
特徴とする請求項１記載の発電方法。2. The power generation method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen is supplied to the hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell (72) with an increased density by using an air compressor (74).
生した水蒸気を、前記空気圧縮機(74)の運転に用いるこ
とを特徴とする請求項２記載の発電方法。3. The power generation method according to claim 2, wherein the steam generated in the hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell (72) is used for operating the air compressor (74).
の水(2)中に設けられ前記水(2)と電熱化学反応する前記
反応金属体(9)に耐熱性電極(3)を接触させた状態で前記
反応金属体(9)と耐熱性電極(3)に通電して水中放電を発
生させ、前記反応金属体(9)と水(2)による電熱化学反応
によって水素(10a)を発生することを特徴とする請求項
１ないし３の何れかに記載の発電方法。4. The thermochemical reaction means (100) is provided in the water (2) in the container (1) and has a heat resistant electrode on the reaction metal body (9) which undergoes an electrothermal chemical reaction with the water (2). In the state of contacting (3), the reaction metal body (9) and the heat-resistant electrode (3) are energized to generate an underwater discharge, by an electrochemical thermochemical reaction between the reaction metal body (9) and water (2). 4. The power generation method according to claim 1, wherein hydrogen (10a) is generated.
に設けられ前記水(2)と電熱化学反応する前記反応金属
体(9)と、スタート電極(3A)と、の間の放電後に前記水
(2)を前記反応金属体(9)に供給し、前記水(2)と反応金
属体(9)の電熱化学反応によって水素を発生することを
特徴とする請求項１ないし３の何れかに記載の発電方
法。5. The thermochemical reaction means (100) comprises a reaction metal body (9) which is provided in a container (1) and undergoes an electrothermal chemical reaction with the water (2), and a start electrode (3A). After the discharge between the water
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein (2) is supplied to the reaction metal body (9), and hydrogen is generated by an electrothermal chemical reaction between the water (2) and the reaction metal body (9). The described power generation method.
又はマグネシウム体を用いることを特徴とする請求項１
ないし５の何れかに記載の発電方法。6. The aluminum or magnesium body is used as the reactive metal body (9).
6. The power generation method according to any one of 5 to 5.
手段(100)により発生した水素(10a)及び水蒸気(10A)を
供給する分離塔(70)と、前記分離塔(70)の上部に設けら
れた第１パイプ(71)に接続された水素・酸素型燃料電池
(72)と、前記水素・酸素型燃料電池(72)に接続され空気
を供給するための第４パイプ(77)と、を備え、前記水素
・酸素型燃料電池(72)から電力を得る構成としたことを
特徴とする発電装置。7. A separation column (70) for supplying hydrogen (10a) and steam (10A) generated by a thermochemical reaction means (100) with a reaction metal body (9) and water (2), and the separation column (70). Hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell connected to the first pipe (71) provided on the upper part of (70)
(72) and a fourth pipe (77) connected to the hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell (72) for supplying air, and obtaining electric power from the hydrogen / oxygen fuel cell (72) A power generation device characterized in that
ための空気圧縮機(74)が設けられていることを特徴とす
る請求項７記載の発電装置。8. The power generator according to claim 7, wherein the fourth pipe is provided with an air compressor (74) for compressing the air.
内蔵した容器(1)と、前記容器(1)に接続され前記反応金
属体(9)を摺動自在に保持した摺動接触電極(8)と、前記
水(2)中に位置すると共に前記反応金属体(9)に接触し、
かつ、前記容器(1)に電気絶縁体(4)を介して保持された
耐熱性電極(3)と、前記容器(1)内で発生する水素(10a)
を溜めるための水素溜部(10,10B)と、前記水素溜部(10,
10B)内の水素(10a)を取り出すため前記水素溜部(10,10
B)に接続されたバルブ(13)と、前記反応金属体(9)と耐
熱性電極(3)に接続された電源(7)とを備え、前記反応金
属体(9)と前記水(2)との熱化学反応により前記水素(10
a)を発生するように構成したことを特徴とする請求項７
又は８記載の発電装置。9. The thermochemical reaction means (100) slidably holds the container (1) containing the water (2) and the reaction metal body (9) connected to the container (1). Sliding contact electrode (8), and in contact with the reaction metal body (9) while being located in the water (2),
Also, a heat-resistant electrode (3) held in the container (1) via an electrical insulator (4), and hydrogen (10a) generated in the container (1).
And a hydrogen storage part (10, 10B) for storing the hydrogen storage part (10, 10B).
In order to take out hydrogen (10a) in 10B), the hydrogen reservoir (10, 10)
A valve (13) connected to B), and a power source (7) connected to the reaction metal body (9) and the heat resistant electrode (3), the reaction metal body (9) and the water (2 ) And the hydrogen (10
8. The method according to claim 7, which is configured to generate a).
Or the power generation device according to 8.
応金属体(9)の下部に設けられたスタート電極(3A)を有
する容器(1)と、前記容器(1)と前記スタート電極(3A)間
に接続された高圧電源(7)と、前記容器(1)内に前記水
(2)を供給するための水供給手段(80)とを備え、前記反
応金属体(9)の下端(9d)とスタート電極(3A)との間の放
電後に前記水(2)を前記反応金属体(9)の下端(9d)に供給
する構成としたことを特徴とする請求項７又は８記載の
発生装置。10. The thermochemical reaction means (100) comprises a container (1) having a start electrode (3A) provided below the reaction metal body (9), the container (1) and the start electrode. (3A) high-voltage power supply (7) connected between, and the water in the container (1)
(2) is provided with water supply means (80) for supplying the water (2) to the reaction after the discharge between the lower end (9d) of the reaction metal body (9) and the start electrode (3A). 9. The generator according to claim 7, wherein the generator is configured to supply to the lower end (9d) of the metal body (9).
体、又は、マグネシウム体よりなることを特徴とする請
求項７ないし１０の何れかに記載の発電装置。11. The power generator according to claim 7, wherein the reaction metal body (9) is made of an aluminum body or a magnesium body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25246894A JP3448367B2 (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1994-10-18 | Power generation method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25246894A JP3448367B2 (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1994-10-18 | Power generation method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08115733A true JPH08115733A (en) | 1996-05-07 |
| JP3448367B2 JP3448367B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 |
Family
ID=17237809
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25246894A Expired - Fee Related JP3448367B2 (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1994-10-18 | Power generation method and device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3448367B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6834623B2 (en) * | 2001-08-07 | 2004-12-28 | Christopher T. Cheng | Portable hydrogen generation using metal emulsions |
| KR100664970B1 (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2007-01-04 | 전상문 | Hybrid internal combustion engine using thermochemical reaction |
| US7493765B2 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2009-02-24 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Hydrogen production method and apparatus and engine employing hydrogen production apparatus |
-
1994
- 1994-10-18 JP JP25246894A patent/JP3448367B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6834623B2 (en) * | 2001-08-07 | 2004-12-28 | Christopher T. Cheng | Portable hydrogen generation using metal emulsions |
| US7493765B2 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2009-02-24 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Hydrogen production method and apparatus and engine employing hydrogen production apparatus |
| KR100664970B1 (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2007-01-04 | 전상문 | Hybrid internal combustion engine using thermochemical reaction |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3448367B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 |
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