JPH081034A - Method for crushing sticky material and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To continuously and smoothly crush a sticky material by preventing the sticking of the material to the blade and casing of a crusher, the cohesion of the crushed materials and the wear of the blade. CONSTITUTION:A sticky material, e.g. the waste of the rolled waterproof sheet S formed by rolling a waterproof sheet obtained by coating polyester nonwoven fabric with a waterproofing agent as the kneaded material of adhesive and asphalt, is crushed as follows. Namely, the sheet S is dipped in oil, etc., or the oil, etc., is sprayed over the sheet S, and then or while spraying oil, the sticky oiled sheet is crushed by a crusher 20. This crushing device consists of an endless traveling band of chains 11 provided with plural scraper blades 12 at regular intervals in the traveling direction, a chain conveyor 10 for transporting the rolled waterproof sheet equipped with an oil tank 14 on the way of the material transporting line of the scraper blades 12, and the crusher 20 for rolled waterproof sheet set successively to the transportation terminal of the conveyor 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a material having an adhesive property,
For example, the present invention relates to a crushing method and device for waste such as waterproof sheets, raw rubber, asphalt products, products with adhesives such as adhesive tapes, etc., more specifically, blades of crushers for adhesive materials,
Adhesion to casing and direct adhesion between crushed materials,
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for crushing a material having an adhesive property such that it can be continuously and efficiently crushed without adhesion and re-adhesion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a recycling movement of waste has been attracting attention. Crushing waste is a necessary and important step in this waste recycling process, and many crushing methods have been proposed. Waste that is sticky in the waste, such as tarpaulin, raw rubber,
It has been considered that waste, which is an asphalt product or a product with an adhesive such as an adhesive tape, is not suitable for recycling because problems such as adhesion to a crusher or redeposition after crushing occur.

Therefore, in order to solve the problem, the waste of the viscous material, which is the material to be crushed, is crushed while sprinkling powder, for example, tongue powder, plastic powder, or ash, or water. The method of crushing while applying it is taken.

[0004]

However, a method of crushing the above-mentioned viscous waste with water or sprinkling it with a powder is to attach the crushed material to the crushed cross section, that is, to crush the newly formed waste. However, there is a problem that continuous surfaces cannot be crushed continuously and stably because the new surfaces are stuck to each other or the new crushed surface is stuck to the blade or casing of the crusher and redeposited. In addition, the method of sprinkling and crushing powder has a drawback that new problems such as abrasion of the blade of the crusher due to the powder occur. Further, the method of crushing by sprinkling water or sprinkling powder has a problem of high crushing power.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and prevents adhesion of materials such as waste having adhesiveness to the blade of the crusher or the inner surface of the casing and the re-adhesion between the crushed materials. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus for crushing a material having an adhesive property such that the blade of the crusher is prevented from being worn and can be crushed continuously and smoothly.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method and apparatus for crushing an adhesive material of the present invention has the following constitution.

(1) When crushing a sticky material, after immersing the sticky material in oil, or
The crushing method is characterized by crushing with a crusher after spraying oils on the material having adhesiveness or while spraying oils.

(2) A viscous material is continuously supplied to a crusher while passing through the oil tank by a transport machine having an oil tank formed in the supply passage of the material, and crushed by the crusher. The crushing method of (1) above, characterized in that

(3) The crusher is a twin-axis rotary blade shear crusher, and the material having adhesiveness is a waste material of a waterproof sheet obtained by applying a waterproofing agent obtained by kneading an adhesive and asphalt onto a polyester nonwoven fabric. The crushing method according to the above (1) or (2) is characterized.

(4) A supply / transport device for sticky materials, in which a plurality of scooping blades are attached to the endless running zone at predetermined intervals in the running direction, and an oil tank is provided in the material transporting path of the scooping blades. The apparatus for crushing sticky material is characterized in that a crusher for sticky material is installed in connection with the transportation end portion of the supply and transport apparatus.

[0011]

In the configuration of (1) above, a material having an adhesive property (hereinafter, also referred to as an adhesive material or an adhesive material)
After being immersed in oil, or after spraying oil on the surface of the adhesive material or by crushing with a crusher while spraying, the surface of the adhesive material is crushed in a state covered with an oil film. As a result, direct adhesion between the blade of the crusher, the casing, and the crushed material is eliminated, and adhesion and re-adhesion are prevented. In addition, the lubricating action of the oil film protects the crushing blade, prevents abrasion of the blade, and reduces crushing power. Further, since the lubricating action can be maintained for a long time, the crushed material can be stored for a long time without fear of re-adhesion.

In the above-mentioned constitution (2), the adhesive material is sent to the crusher while passing through the oil tank by the transport machine having the oil tank formed on the way of the transportation route, and the adhesive material is crushed by the crusher to obtain the adhesive property. The feeding action of the material to the crusher and the dipping action of the sticky material with oil are simultaneously performed, or the dipping action of the sticky material with oil is naturally performed by the feeding of the material to the crusher, and While the adhesive material is continuously crushed, the smooth crushing action is performed in combination with the action described in (1) above.

In the constitution of (3) above, in combination with the action described in (1) above, a soft adhesive material which is a waste of a waterproof sheet which is a non-woven fabric of polyester coated with a waterproof agent obtained by kneading an adhesive and asphalt is used. It can be crushed smoothly by a biaxial rotary blade shear crusher.

In the above-mentioned structure (4), the endless running chain, which is an endless running belt, has a scraping blade made of an adhesive material attached at a predetermined interval in the running direction of the endless chain, and the scraping is performed. By means of a material supply / transport device that is provided with an oil tank in the middle of the vane transportation travel route, for example, roll-shaped tarpaulin waste in which a polyester non-woven fabric as an adhesive material is coated with a waterproofing agent in which an adhesive and asphalt are kneaded. Is immersed in the oils stored in the oil tank, and at the same time, is supplied to the crusher quantitatively and continuously, and in the crusher, due to the action of (1) above, adhesion to the crushing blade or the inner surface of the casing, or crushed objects Adhesion, adhesion, etc. are prevented, and the adhesive material is crushed smoothly and quantitatively and continuously.

The oils used in the present invention include:
Waste oil such as used cutting oil, lubricating oil, or edible oil is preferably used. Further, as the crusher used for crushing the adhesive material of the present invention, a shear type crusher is preferable, and a biaxial rotary blade shear crusher is particularly preferable. Further, as the material having the adhesiveness of the crushable object of the present invention, for example, the waste of a waterproof sheet obtained by applying a waterproofing agent obtained by kneading a non-woven fabric of polyester with an adhesive and asphalt, a raw rubber waste, a waste of an asphalt product The waste of products with adhesive such as adhesive tape is applied.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of an apparatus for crushing an adhesive material of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a biaxial rotary blade shearing type crusher which is an example of a cutting machine applied to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a chain conveyor as a material supply / transport device, in which a chain 11 as an endless traveling belt is movably wound around and mounted between a front sprocket 11a and a rear sprocket 11b. The chain 11 is provided with rake blades 12 for material transportation at predetermined intervals in the traveling direction, in this embodiment, at substantially equal intervals. The chain 11 as an endless traveling zone is formed by bending so that the tip end side goes upward in the middle of the traveling transportation route, and covers the chain 11 portion and the fried blade 12 portion on the transportation route side of the chain 11, And,
A casing 13 is attached along the traveling direction of the chain 11. The tip sprocket 11a is rotationally driven by an electric motor with a speed reducer (not shown).

An oil tank 14 for storing oils such as waste oil is formed near the bent portion of the conveyor of the casing 13. The oil tank 14 has a chain 11 on the material conveying side, a fried blade 12 and the fried blade 1 in the oil tank 14.
The crushed material S conveyed by 2 is formed so that it can travel. In the present embodiment, the material S to be crushed is a waste of a waterproof sheet obtained by coating a polyester non-woven fabric with a waterproof agent prepared by kneading an adhesive and asphalt into a roll (hereinafter also referred to as a roll waterproof sheet. Yes). This is a defective product or a defective product when changing colors. The oil tank 14 is formed in such a size that the waste oil is soaked in the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S for a necessary time.

A curved guide 15 for the material to be crushed S, which is formed by an opening member such as a wire mesh or punching metal, is attached to the bent portion of the casing at the bottom of the oil tank 14. Further, at the bottom of the oil tank 14 below the curved guide 15, a drain / deposit removal pipe 16 for the oil tank 14 is provided.
Are connected and installed. Used cutting oil or lubricating oil is used as the waste oil stored in the oil tank 14.

On the other hand, a crusher 20 is installed at the end of the chain conveyor 10 on the transportation end side. In the present embodiment, the crusher 20 has a biaxial rotary blade shearing as shown in detail in FIGS. A crusher is applied. Chain conveyor 10
The end portion of the casing 13 and the upper end of the receiving hopper 22 of the crusher 20 are connected to each other so that the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S of the material to be crushed or the waste oil attached to it does not leak out.

The crusher 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. Two rotary shafts 25 are provided in parallel with each other inside the casing 21 at intervals, and a plurality of rotary blades 24 (four in this embodiment) are provided on each rotary shaft 25.
Are axially spaced, and the rotary blades 24 attached to one shaft 25 are arranged so as to be located between the rotary blades 24 attached to the other shaft, and the outer peripheral side is located inside the central portion. The parts are attached so as to come into sliding contact with each other. Between the rotary blades 24 of each rotary shaft 25, an annular sleeve (spacing ring) 25a having a thickness (width) approximately equal to that of the rotary blades 24 is fixedly attached to the rotary shafts 25. Rotary blade 24
Protrusions 24a are formed on the outer peripheral edge of the protrusion 24a at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction, and the tops of the protrusions 24a are provided so as to be in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the mating sleeves 25a adjacent to each other at the inner position of the central portion. ing.

A scraper 26, which is a flat plate having a fan-like shape in front view, is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 25a between the adjacent rotary blades 24 in the axial direction, and the side surface is the side surface of the rotary blade 24. It is fixedly provided on the side wall side of the casing 21 so as to be in contact with. In addition, in FIG. 3 (plan view), the rotary blade 24 is shown by a diagonal line rising to the left (hatching) and the sleeve 25a is shown by a diagonal line rising to the right (hatching) in order to make the distinction between the rotary blade 24 and the sleeve 25a clear. . The rotary blades 14 attached to the respective rotary shafts 25 are rotated toward the inside of the central portion as shown by the arrows in FIG.

An electric motor 28 with a speed reducer for rotating the rotary blade is fixedly attached to the casing 21 at the shaft end of each rotary shaft 25. A receiving hopper 22 for receiving the crushed object S is provided on the upper part of the casing 21.
A crushed material discharge chute 27 connected to the crushed material discharge port 23 is provided in the lower part of the.

In the crushing device for the adhesive material constructed as described above, the chain conveyor 10 has the sprocket 11a on the head side thereof rotatably driven and the endless chain 11 having the scraping blades 12 attached thereto travels in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure. It The roll-shaped waterproof sheet S at room temperature is supplied to the chain conveyor 10 from the supply position at the right end in the figure, and is transported to the biaxial rotary blade shearing type crusher 20 side by the movement of the scraping blade 12, and in the middle of this, it is converted to waste oil in the oil tank 14. It is dipped, passes through it, and is supplied to the crusher 20. Rolled tarpaulin S
Is a chain conveyor 1 by means of a feeding device (not shown)
It is continuously supplied to 0 and continuously supplied to the crusher 20.

In the biaxial rotary blade shear type crusher 20,
The roll-shaped waterproof sheet S, which is a crushed object, is received by the receiving hopper 22.
Sheared by the sliding action of the outer peripheral side face portion and the sliding action of the sleeve 25a and the protrusion 24a of the rotary blade 24 at the inner center portion of the rotary blade 24 which is mounted on both rotary shafts 25 and driven to rotate. It is then crushed to a specified size. The crushed pieces attached to the side surface of the rotary blade 24 and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 25a by this crushing are scraped off by the scraper 26.

In this crushing action, the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S of the adhesive material is crushed with its surface covered with the oil film, so that the rotary blade 24, the inner wall surface of the casing 21, and the crushed material are crushed. There is no direct adhesion between them, and adhesion and re-adhesion are prevented. Further, an oil film is formed on the rotary blade 24 and the like, and the lubricating effect of this oil film protects the rotary blade 24 as well as the sleeve 25a and the scraper 26 and prevents their wear. And also, the power for crushing is reduced. Therefore, in this embodiment, the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S is continuously immersed in the waste oil by the chain conveyor 10 and is supplied to the crusher 20, which is continuously and quantitatively crushed by the crusher 20. The operation for stable crushing is performed.

The crushed pieces (crushed materials) are discharged from the discharge chute 27 and temporarily stored in the storage area.
Although FIG. 1 shows the case where the crushed material is stored below the discharge chute 27, the crushed material transport conveyor is installed under the discharge chute 27 of the crusher 20 and the storage hopper is installed. May be supplied to and stored.

Since the crushed material can maintain the lubricating action for a long time in the storage area or storage hopper, the crushed material can be stored for a long time without fear of re-adhesion. The crushed material (crushed pieces) of the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S is effectively reused as a raw material for solid fuel, for example. That is, this solid fuel is produced by mixing and compression-molding industrial waste such as combustion ash, waste plastics, waste oil, etc. in a twin-screw extruder, for example. The crushed material (crushed pieces) and the waste oil covering the surface thereof or adhering to the surface thereof can be effectively reused as a raw material of this solid fuel. Further, since the waste oil is attached to the crushed material, the molding power of the extruder can be reduced.

Next, an operation example in which the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S is crushed using the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
The roll-shaped waterproof sheet S has a size of 250 mmφ × 1000 mmL at room temperature (in a state of being left in the atmosphere), and the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S is individually conveyed by the chain conveyor 10
It was immersed in the oil tank 14 of No. 1 and was put into the crusher 20 having a facility power (electric motor 28) of 30 KW and continuously crushed. In the chain conveyor 10, the installation pitch of the scraping blades 12 was set to 2 m, the traveling speed of the chain 11 was set to 6 m / min, and the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S was introduced into the crusher 20 once every 20 seconds. At this time, the electric current value (crushing power) of the electric motor 28 of the crusher 20 is about 50 A (rated value 112 A), and the crushed pieces adhere to the rotary blade 24, the sleeve 25 a and the scraper 26 of the crusher 20 and between the crushed objects. Reattachment did not occur.

For comparison, water was used instead of waste oil (oils) for the purpose of comparison, and a crushing test was carried out while sprinkling water, and the power when using this water was 80 A. When the waste oil of No. 2 was used, it could be crushed with a power of about 2/3 that when water was used. In this way, by immersing it in waste oil and supplying it to the crusher 20 in a fixed amount, there is no stop due to overloading of the crusher 20, or it is possible to eliminate material entrapment between the left and right rotary blades 24. Therefore, stable operation was possible without the need for material removal work by reversing the rotary blade 24. It was operated for 10 hours a day for 244 days a year, but no trouble due to wear of the rotary blade 24 occurred.

When it was crushed while sprinkling water instead of waste oil, it could be crushed at 80 A, but the crushed substances reattach immediately (the crushed substances stick to each other), and the rotary blade 24 of the crusher 20, the sleeve 25a and Adhesion of crushed pieces to the scraper 26 was recognized.

On the other hand, when the powder is crushed while being sprinkled with powder (tankal powder), the rotary blade 24 and sleeve 25 of the crusher 20
The crushed pieces adhered to a and the scraper 26, a current of 150 A or more flowed, and the crusher 20 stopped.

As described above, in the crushing method and apparatus according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S can be crushed without adhering to the crusher 20 or re-adhering between crushed objects, and with low power. It was confirmed.

The waste oil in the oil tank 14 of the chain conveyor 10 shown in FIG. 1 is extracted, and a spray nozzle for waste oil is installed in the middle of the transportation path of the casing 13 to spray the waste oil on the roll-shaped waterproof sheet S and send it to the feeder 20. When crushed, and as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG.
When it was crushed while spraying from the spray nozzle 31 toward No. 4 (crushing section), the current value of the crusher 20 was 50 A, and neither adhesion to the crusher 20 nor re-adhesion between the crushed materials occurred. It was confirmed that the crushing method and device shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, when the adhesive material is a waste of a roll-shaped waterproof sheet S obtained by winding a waterproof sheet obtained by coating a polyester nonwoven fabric with a waterproof agent prepared by kneading an adhesive and asphalt in a roll shape. However, the present invention can also be applied to wastes such as raw rubber, asphalt products, and products with adhesive such as adhesive tape.

[0036]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

According to the structure of claim 1, the adhesive material is crushed by a crusher after immersing the adhesive material in oil or after spraying the oil on the surface of the adhesive material or while spraying the oil. Since the surface of the crusher is crushed in a state of being covered with an oil film, direct adhesion between the crusher blade, the casing, and the crushed material is eliminated, and adhesion and re-adhesion can be prevented. In addition, the lubricating action of the oil film protects the crushing blade, prevents abrasion of the blade, and reduces crushing power. Further, since the lubricating action can be maintained for a long time, the crushed material can be stored for a long time without fear of redeposition. In this way, the adhesive material can be stably and smoothly crushed, and the industrial waste of the adhesive material can be reused.
Extremely effective for recycling.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the adhesive material is sent to the crusher while passing through the oil tank by a transport machine having an oil tank formed in the middle of the transportation route, and is crushed by the crusher to obtain the adhesive material. Of the adhesive material to the crusher and the oil soaking action of the sticky material at the same time, or the soaking action of the sticky material to the oil is automatically performed by the supply of the material to the crusher, and Since the adhesive material is continuously crushed, the adhesive material can be smoothly crushed together with the effect of the first aspect.

In the structure of claim 3, in combination with the effect of claim 1, a soft adhesive material which is a waste of a waterproof sheet which is a non-woven fabric of polyester coated with a waterproof material prepared by kneading an adhesive and asphalt is biaxial. It can be smoothly crushed by a rotary blade shear crusher.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a scraping blade made of an adhesive material which is attached at a predetermined interval, for example, a fixed interval in the running direction of an endless type chain as an endless running band, and the scraping blade. For example, by using a material supply / transport device provided with an oil tank in the middle of the transportation route, for example, a roll-shaped tarpaulin waste in which a polyester non-woven fabric as an adhesive material is coated with a waterproof agent prepared by kneading an adhesive and asphalt is used. Immersion in oils stored in an oil tank, and at the same time, can be supplied to the crusher in a fixed amount and continuously, and the crusher can attach the crushing blade or the inner surface of the casing, or
It is possible to smoothly and quantitatively and continuously crush the adhesive material by preventing the crushed materials from adhering and adhering to each other.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of an apparatus for crushing an adhesive material of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a biaxial rotary blade shearing type crusher which is an example of a cutting machine applied to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Chain Conveyor (Supply and Transport Device) 11 Conveyor Chain (Endless Travel Zone) 12 Scooping Blade 13 Conveyor Casing 14 Oil Tank S Rolled Waterproof Sheet (Crushing Object) 20 Crusher (Twin-Rotating Blade Shear Crusher) 21 Crusher Casing 24 Rotating blade 25a Sleeve 26 Scraper

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. When crushing a sticky material,
Adhesion characterized by crushing with a crusher after immersing the sticky material in oil, or after spraying the sticky material with oil, or while spraying the oil Method for crushing materials having properties. 2. A viscous material is continuously supplied to a crusher while passing through the oil tank by a transport machine having an oil tank formed in the supply passage of the material, and the material is crushed by the crusher. The method for crushing an adhesive material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that. 3. The crusher is a biaxial rotary blade shear crusher,
3. The method for crushing a sticky material according to claim 1, wherein the sticky material is a waste of a waterproof sheet obtained by coating a polyester nonwoven fabric with a waterproof agent prepared by kneading an adhesive and asphalt. 4. An adhesive material feeding and transporting device, comprising a plurality of fried blades attached to an endless running zone at predetermined intervals in the running direction, and an oil tank provided in the material transporting route of the fried blades. A crushing device for a material having an adhesive property, wherein a crusher for a material having an adhesive property is installed in connection with a transportation end portion of a supply and transportation device.